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/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package java.io;
import com.jtransc.JTranscArrays;
/**
* Receives information from a communications pipe. When two threads want to
* pass data back and forth, one creates a piped output stream and the other one
* creates a piped input stream.
*
* @see PipedOutputStream
*/
public class PipedInputStream extends InputStream {
private Thread lastReader;
private Thread lastWriter;
private boolean isClosed;
/**
* The circular buffer through which data is passed. Data is read from the
* range {@code [out, in)} and written to the range {@code [in, out)}.
* Data in the buffer is either sequential:
* { - - - X X X X X X X - - - - - }
* ^ ^
* | |
* out in
* ...or wrapped around the buffer's end:
* { X X X X - - - - - - - - X X X }
* ^ ^
* | |
* in out
* When the buffer is empty, {@code in == -1}. Reading when the buffer is
* empty will block until data is available. When the buffer is full,
* {@code in == out}. Writing when the buffer is full will block until free
* space is available.
*/
protected byte[] buffer;
/**
* The index in {@code buffer} where the next byte will be written.
*/
protected int in = -1;
/**
* The index in {@code buffer} where the next byte will be read.
*/
protected int out;
/**
* The size of the default pipe in bytes.
*/
protected static final int PIPE_SIZE = 1024;
/**
* Indicates if this pipe is connected.
*/
boolean isConnected;
/**
* Constructs a new unconnected {@code PipedInputStream}. The resulting
* stream must be connected to a {@link PipedOutputStream} before data may
* be read from it.
*/
public PipedInputStream() {
}
/**
* Constructs a new {@code PipedInputStream} connected to the
* {@link PipedOutputStream} {@code out}. Any data written to the output
* stream can be read from the this input stream.
*
* @param out the piped output stream to connect to.
* @throws IOException if this stream or {@code out} are already connected.
*/
public PipedInputStream(PipedOutputStream out) throws IOException {
connect(out);
}
/**
* Constructs a new unconnected {@code PipedInputStream} with the given
* buffer size. The resulting stream must be connected to a
* {@code PipedOutputStream} before data may be read from it.
*
* @param pipeSize the size of the buffer in bytes.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if pipeSize is less than or equal to zero.
* @since 1.6
*/
public PipedInputStream(int pipeSize) {
if (pipeSize <= 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("pipe size " + pipeSize + " too small");
}
buffer = new byte[pipeSize];
}
/**
* Constructs a new {@code PipedInputStream} connected to the given {@code PipedOutputStream},
* with the given buffer size. Any data written to the output stream can be read from this
* input stream.
*
* @param out the {@code PipedOutputStream} to connect to.
* @param pipeSize the size of the buffer in bytes.
* @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if pipeSize is less than or equal to zero.
* @since 1.6
*/
public PipedInputStream(PipedOutputStream out, int pipeSize) throws IOException {
this(pipeSize);
connect(out);
}
/**
* {@inheritDoc}
*
*
Unlike most streams, {@code PipedInputStream} returns 0 rather than throwing
* {@code IOException} if the stream has been closed. Unconnected and broken pipes also
* return 0.
*
* @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
*/
@Override
public synchronized int available() throws IOException {
if (buffer == null || in == -1) {
return 0;
}
return in <= out ? buffer.length - out + in : in - out;
}
/**
* Closes this stream. This implementation releases the buffer used for the
* pipe and notifies all threads waiting to read or write.
*
* @throws IOException if an error occurs while closing this stream.
*/
@Override
public synchronized void close() throws IOException {
buffer = null;
notifyAll();
}
/**
* Connects this {@code PipedInputStream} to a {@link PipedOutputStream}.
* Any data written to the output stream becomes readable in this input
* stream.
*
* @param src the source output stream.
* @throws IOException if either stream is already connected.
*/
public void connect(PipedOutputStream src) throws IOException {
src.connect(this);
}
/**
* Establishes the connection to the PipedOutputStream.
*
* @throws IOException If this Reader is already connected.
*/
synchronized void establishConnection() throws IOException {
if (isConnected) {
throw new IOException("Pipe already connected");
}
if (buffer == null) { // We may already have allocated the buffer.
buffer = new byte[PipedInputStream.PIPE_SIZE];
}
isConnected = true;
}
/**
* Reads a single byte from this stream and returns it as an integer in the
* range from 0 to 255. Returns -1 if the end of this stream has been
* reached. If there is no data in the pipe, this method blocks until data
* is available, the end of the stream is detected or an exception is
* thrown.
*
* Separate threads should be used to read from a {@code PipedInputStream}
* and to write to the connected {@link PipedOutputStream}. If the same
* thread is used, a deadlock may occur.
*
* @return the byte read or -1 if the end of the source stream has been
* reached.
* @throws IOException if this stream is closed or not connected to an output
* stream, or if the thread writing to the connected output
* stream is no longer alive.
*/
@Override
public synchronized int read() throws IOException {
if (!isConnected) {
throw new IOException("Not connected");
}
if (buffer == null) {
throw new IOException("InputStream is closed");
}
/**
* Set the last thread to be reading on this PipedInputStream. If
* lastReader dies while someone is waiting to write an IOException of
* "Pipe broken" will be thrown in receive()
*/
lastReader = Thread.currentThread();
try {
int attempts = 3;
while (in == -1) {
// Are we at end of stream?
if (isClosed) {
return -1;
}
if ((attempts-- <= 0) && lastWriter != null && !lastWriter.isAlive()) {
throw new IOException("Pipe broken");
}
// Notify callers of receive()
notifyAll();
wait(1000);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throwInterruptedIoException();
}
int result = buffer[out++] & 0xff;
if (out == buffer.length) {
out = 0;
}
if (out == in) {
// empty buffer
in = -1;
out = 0;
}
// let blocked writers write to the newly available buffer space
notifyAll();
return result;
}
/**
* Reads up to {@code byteCount} bytes from this stream and stores them in the
* byte array {@code bytes} starting at {@code byteOffset}. Blocks until at
* least one byte has been read, the end of the stream is detected or an
* exception is thrown.
*
*
Separate threads should be used to read from a {@code PipedInputStream}
* and to write to the connected {@link PipedOutputStream}. If the same
* thread is used, a deadlock may occur.
*
*
Returns the number of bytes actually read or -1 if the end of the stream
* has been reached.
*
* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code byteOffset < 0 || byteCount < 0 || byteOffset + byteCount > bytes.length}.
* @throws InterruptedIOException if the thread reading from this stream is interrupted.
* @throws IOException if this stream is closed or not connected to an output
* stream, or if the thread writing to the connected output
* stream is no longer alive.
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code bytes} is {@code null}.
*/
@Override
public synchronized int read(byte[] bytes, int byteOffset, int byteCount) throws IOException {
JTranscArrays.checkOffsetAndCount(bytes.length, byteOffset, byteCount);
if (byteCount == 0) {
return 0;
}
if (!isConnected) {
throw new IOException("Not connected");
}
if (buffer == null) {
throw new IOException("InputStream is closed");
}
/*
* Set the last thread to be reading on this PipedInputStream. If
* lastReader dies while someone is waiting to write an IOException of
* "Pipe broken" will be thrown in receive()
*/
lastReader = Thread.currentThread();
try {
int attempts = 3;
while (in == -1) {
// Are we at end of stream?
if (isClosed) {
return -1;
}
if ((attempts-- <= 0) && lastWriter != null && !lastWriter.isAlive()) {
throw new IOException("Pipe broken");
}
// Notify callers of receive()
notifyAll();
wait(1000);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throwInterruptedIoException();
}
int totalCopied = 0;
// copy bytes from out thru the end of buffer
if (out >= in) {
int leftInBuffer = buffer.length - out;
int length = leftInBuffer < byteCount ? leftInBuffer : byteCount;
System.arraycopy(buffer, out, bytes, byteOffset, length);
out += length;
if (out == buffer.length) {
out = 0;
}
if (out == in) {
// empty buffer
in = -1;
out = 0;
}
totalCopied += length;
}
// copy bytes from out thru in
if (totalCopied < byteCount && in != -1) {
int leftInBuffer = in - out;
int leftToCopy = byteCount - totalCopied;
int length = leftToCopy < leftInBuffer ? leftToCopy : leftInBuffer;
System.arraycopy(buffer, out, bytes, byteOffset + totalCopied, length);
out += length;
if (out == in) {
// empty buffer
in = -1;
out = 0;
}
totalCopied += length;
}
// let blocked writers write to the newly available buffer space
notifyAll();
return totalCopied;
}
/**
* Receives a byte and stores it in this stream's {@code buffer}. This
* method is called by {@link PipedOutputStream#write(int)}. The least
* significant byte of the integer {@code oneByte} is stored at index
* {@code in} in the {@code buffer}.
*
* This method blocks as long as {@code buffer} is full.
*
* @param oneByte the byte to store in this pipe.
* @throws InterruptedIOException if the {@code buffer} is full and the thread that has called
* this method is interrupted.
* @throws IOException if this stream is closed or the thread that has last read
* from this stream is no longer alive.
*/
protected synchronized void receive(int oneByte) throws IOException {
if (buffer == null || isClosed) {
throw new IOException("Pipe is closed");
}
/*
* Set the last thread to be writing on this PipedInputStream. If
* lastWriter dies while someone is waiting to read an IOException of
* "Pipe broken" will be thrown in read()
*/
lastWriter = Thread.currentThread();
try {
while (buffer != null && out == in) {
if (lastReader != null && !lastReader.isAlive()) {
throw new IOException("Pipe broken");
}
notifyAll();
wait(1000);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throwInterruptedIoException();
}
if (buffer == null) {
throw new IOException("Pipe is closed");
}
if (in == -1) {
in = 0;
}
buffer[in++] = (byte) oneByte;
if (in == buffer.length) {
in = 0;
}
// let blocked readers read the newly available data
notifyAll();
}
synchronized void done() {
isClosed = true;
notifyAll();
}
private static void throwInterruptedIoException() throws InterruptedIOException {
// This is typically thrown in response to an
// InterruptedException which does not leave the thread in an
// interrupted state, so explicitly interrupt here.
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
// TODO: set InterruptedIOException.bytesTransferred
throw new InterruptedIOException();
}
}