All Downloads are FREE. Search and download functionalities are using the official Maven repository.

com.landawn.abacus.util.stream.ParallelArrayStream Maven / Gradle / Ivy

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 HaiYang Li
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except
 * in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License
 * is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express
 * or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
 * the License.
 */

package com.landawn.abacus.util.stream;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Deque;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;

import com.landawn.abacus.util.AsyncExecutor;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.ByteIterator;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.CharIterator;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.ContinuableFuture;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.DoubleIterator;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.FloatIterator;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.Fn.Suppliers;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.IntIterator;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.LongIterator;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.Multimap;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.Multiset;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.MutableBoolean;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.MutableInt;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.N;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.Nth;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.ObjIterator;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.Pair;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.ShortIterator;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.Try;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.u.Holder;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.u.Optional;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.function.BiConsumer;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.function.BiFunction;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.function.BinaryOperator;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.function.Consumer;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.function.Function;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.function.Predicate;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.function.Supplier;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.function.ToByteFunction;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.function.ToCharFunction;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.function.ToDoubleFunction;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.function.ToFloatFunction;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.function.ToIntFunction;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.function.ToLongFunction;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.function.ToShortFunction;
import com.landawn.abacus.util.function.TriFunction;

/**
 * 
 */
final class ParallelArrayStream extends ArrayStream {
    private final int maxThreadNum;
    private final Splitor splitor;
    private final AsyncExecutor asyncExecutor;
    private volatile ArrayStream sequential;

    ParallelArrayStream(final T[] values, final int fromIndex, final int toIndex, final boolean sorted, Comparator comparator,
            final int maxThreadNum, final Splitor splitor, final AsyncExecutor asyncExector, final Collection closeHandlers) {
        super(values, fromIndex, toIndex, sorted, comparator, closeHandlers);

        this.maxThreadNum = checkMaxThreadNum(maxThreadNum);
        this.splitor = splitor == null ? DEFAULT_SPLITOR : splitor;
        this.asyncExecutor = asyncExector == null ? DEFAULT_ASYNC_EXECUTOR : asyncExector;
    }

    @Override
    public Stream filter(final Predicate predicate) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.filter(predicate);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;
                    private T next = null;
                    private boolean hasNext = false;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        if (hasNext == false) {
                            while (cursor < to) {
                                next = elements[cursor++];

                                if (predicate.test(next)) {
                                    hasNext = true;
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        return hasNext;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public T next() {
                        if (hasNext == false && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        hasNext = false;
                        return next;
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private T next = null;
                    private boolean hasNext = false;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        if (hasNext == false) {
                            while (true) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                if (predicate.test(next)) {
                                    hasNext = true;
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        return hasNext;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public T next() {
                        if (hasNext == false && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        hasNext = false;
                        return next;
                    }

                });
            }
        }

        return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public Stream takeWhile(final Predicate predicate) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.takeWhile(predicate);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final MutableBoolean hasMore = MutableBoolean.of(true);
        final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

        for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
            iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                private T next = null;
                private boolean hasNext = false;

                @Override
                public boolean hasNext() {
                    if (hasNext == false && hasMore.isTrue()) {
                        synchronized (elements) {
                            if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                hasNext = true;
                            } else {
                                hasMore.setFalse();
                            }
                        }

                        if (hasNext && predicate.test(next) == false) {
                            hasNext = false;
                            hasMore.setFalse();
                        }
                    }

                    return hasNext;
                }

                @Override
                public T next() {
                    if (hasNext == false && hasNext() == false) {
                        throw new NoSuchElementException();
                    }

                    hasNext = false;
                    return next;
                }
            });
        }

        return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public Stream dropWhile(final Predicate predicate) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.dropWhile(predicate);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final MutableBoolean dropped = MutableBoolean.of(false);
        final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

        for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
            iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                private T next = null;
                private boolean hasNext = false;

                @Override
                public boolean hasNext() {
                    if (hasNext == false) {
                        // Only one thread is kept for running after it's dropped.
                        if (dropped.isTrue()) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    hasNext = true;
                                }
                            }
                        } else {
                            while (dropped.isFalse()) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                if (predicate.test(next) == false) {
                                    hasNext = true;
                                    dropped.setTrue();
                                    break;
                                }
                            }

                            if (hasNext == false && dropped.isTrue()) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                        hasNext = true;
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    return hasNext;
                }

                @Override
                public T next() {
                    if (hasNext == false && hasNext() == false) {
                        throw new NoSuchElementException();
                    }

                    hasNext = false;
                    return next;
                }
            });
        }

        return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public  Stream map(final Function mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.map(mapper);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        return cursor < to;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public R next() {
                        if (cursor >= to) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return mapper.apply(elements[cursor++]);
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private Object next = NONE;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        if (next == NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        return next != NONE;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public R next() {
                        if (next == NONE && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        R result = mapper.apply((T) next);
                        next = NONE;
                        return result;
                    }

                });
            }
        }

        return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public  Stream slidingMap(final BiFunction mapper, final int increment, final boolean ignoreNotPaired) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(sequential().slidingMap(mapper, increment).iterator(), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor,
                    closeHandlers);
        }

        final int windowSize = 2;

        checkArgPositive(increment, "increment");

        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(maxThreadNum);
        final MutableInt curIndex = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

        for (int i = 0; i < maxThreadNum; i++) {
            iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                private int cursor = -1;

                @Override
                public boolean hasNext() {
                    if (cursor == -1) {
                        synchronized (elements) {
                            if (ignoreNotPaired ? toIndex - curIndex.intValue() >= windowSize : curIndex.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                cursor = curIndex.value();
                                curIndex.setValue(increment < toIndex - cursor && windowSize < toIndex - cursor ? cursor + increment : toIndex);
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    return cursor != -1;
                }

                @Override
                public R next() {
                    if (cursor == -1 && hasNext() == false) {
                        throw new NoSuchElementException();
                    }

                    final R result = mapper.apply(elements[cursor], cursor < toIndex - 1 ? elements[cursor + 1] : null);
                    cursor = -1;
                    return result;
                }
            });
        }

        return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public  Stream slidingMap(final TriFunction mapper, final int increment, final boolean ignoreNotPaired) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(sequential().slidingMap(mapper, increment).iterator(), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor,
                    closeHandlers);
        }

        final int windowSize = 3;

        checkArgPositive(increment, "increment");

        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(maxThreadNum);
        final MutableInt curIndex = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

        for (int i = 0; i < maxThreadNum; i++) {
            iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                private int cursor = -1;

                @Override
                public boolean hasNext() {
                    if (cursor == -1) {
                        synchronized (elements) {
                            if (ignoreNotPaired ? toIndex - curIndex.intValue() >= windowSize : curIndex.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                cursor = curIndex.value();
                                curIndex.setValue(increment < toIndex - cursor && windowSize < toIndex - cursor ? cursor + increment : toIndex);
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    return cursor != -1;
                }

                @Override
                public R next() {
                    if (cursor == -1 && hasNext() == false) {
                        throw new NoSuchElementException();
                    }

                    final R result = mapper.apply(elements[cursor], cursor < toIndex - 1 ? elements[cursor + 1] : null,
                            cursor < toIndex - 2 ? elements[cursor + 2] : null);
                    cursor = -1;
                    return result;
                }
            });
        }

        return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public  Stream mapFirstOrElse(final Function mapperForFirst, final Function mapperForElse) {
        checkArgNotNull(mapperForFirst);
        checkArgNotNull(mapperForElse);

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.mapFirstOrElse(mapperForFirst, mapperForElse);
        }

        if (fromIndex == toIndex) {
            return (Stream) this;
        } else if (toIndex - fromIndex == 1) {
            return map(mapperForFirst);
        } else {
            final Function mapperForFirst2 = (Function) mapperForFirst;
            final Function mapperForElse2 = (Function) mapperForElse;

            return skip(1).map(mapperForElse2).prepend(Stream.of(elements[fromIndex]).map(mapperForFirst2));
        }
    }

    @Override
    public  Stream mapLastOrElse(final Function mapperForLast, final Function mapperForElse) {
        checkArgNotNull(mapperForLast);
        checkArgNotNull(mapperForElse);

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(sequential().mapLastOrElse(mapperForLast, mapperForElse).iterator(), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor,
                    asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
        }

        if (fromIndex == toIndex) {
            return (Stream) this;
        } else if (toIndex - fromIndex == 1) {
            return map(mapperForLast);
        } else {
            final Function mapperForLast2 = (Function) mapperForLast;
            final Function mapperForElse2 = (Function) mapperForElse;

            return limit(toIndex - fromIndex - 1).map(mapperForElse2).append(Stream.of(elements[toIndex - 1]).map(mapperForLast2));
        }
    }

    @Override
    public CharStream mapToChar(final ToCharFunction mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.mapToChar(mapper);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        return cursor < to;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Character next() {
                        if (cursor >= to) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return mapper.applyAsChar(elements[cursor++]);
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private Object next = NONE;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        if (next == NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        return next != NONE;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Character next() {
                        if (next == NONE && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        Character result = mapper.applyAsChar((T) next);
                        next = NONE;
                        return result;
                    }

                });
            }
        }

        return new ParallelIteratorCharStream(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public ByteStream mapToByte(final ToByteFunction mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.mapToByte(mapper);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        return cursor < to;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Byte next() {
                        if (cursor >= to) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return mapper.applyAsByte(elements[cursor++]);
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private Object next = NONE;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        if (next == NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        return next != NONE;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Byte next() {
                        if (next == NONE && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        Byte result = mapper.applyAsByte((T) next);
                        next = NONE;
                        return result;
                    }

                });
            }
        }

        return new ParallelIteratorByteStream(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public ShortStream mapToShort(final ToShortFunction mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.mapToShort(mapper);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        return cursor < to;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Short next() {
                        if (cursor >= to) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return mapper.applyAsShort(elements[cursor++]);
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private Object next = NONE;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        if (next == NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        return next != NONE;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Short next() {
                        if (next == NONE && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        Short result = mapper.applyAsShort((T) next);
                        next = NONE;
                        return result;
                    }

                });
            }
        }

        return new ParallelIteratorShortStream(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public IntStream mapToInt(final ToIntFunction mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.mapToInt(mapper);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        return cursor < to;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Integer next() {
                        if (cursor >= to) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return mapper.applyAsInt(elements[cursor++]);
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private Object next = NONE;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        if (next == NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        return next != NONE;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Integer next() {
                        if (next == NONE && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        Integer result = mapper.applyAsInt((T) next);
                        next = NONE;
                        return result;
                    }

                });
            }
        }

        return new ParallelIteratorIntStream(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public LongStream mapToLong(final ToLongFunction mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.mapToLong(mapper);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        return cursor < to;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Long next() {
                        if (cursor >= to) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return mapper.applyAsLong(elements[cursor++]);
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private Object next = NONE;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        if (next == NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        return next != NONE;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Long next() {
                        if (next == NONE && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        Long result = mapper.applyAsLong((T) next);
                        next = NONE;
                        return result;
                    }

                });
            }
        }

        return new ParallelIteratorLongStream(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public FloatStream mapToFloat(final ToFloatFunction mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.mapToFloat(mapper);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        return cursor < to;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Float next() {
                        if (cursor >= to) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return mapper.applyAsFloat(elements[cursor++]);
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private Object next = NONE;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        if (next == NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        return next != NONE;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Float next() {
                        if (next == NONE && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        Float result = mapper.applyAsFloat((T) next);
                        next = NONE;
                        return result;
                    }

                });
            }
        }

        return new ParallelIteratorFloatStream(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public DoubleStream mapToDouble(final ToDoubleFunction mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.mapToDouble(mapper);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        return cursor < to;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Double next() {
                        if (cursor >= to) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return mapper.applyAsDouble(elements[cursor++]);
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private Object next = NONE;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        if (next == NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        return next != NONE;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Double next() {
                        if (next == NONE && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        Double result = mapper.applyAsDouble((T) next);
                        next = NONE;
                        return result;
                    }

                });
            }
        }

        return new ParallelIteratorDoubleStream(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public  Stream flatMap(final Function> mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(sequential().flatMap(mapper), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, null);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;
                    private Iterator cur = null;
                    private Stream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && cursor < to) {
                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(elements[cursor++]);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };

                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public R next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.next();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private T next = null;
                    private Iterator cur = null;
                    private Stream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && next != NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                } else {
                                    next = (T) NONE;
                                    break;
                                }
                            }

                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(next);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };
                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public R next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.next();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        }

        final Deque newCloseHandlers = N.isNullOrEmpty(closeHandlers) ? new LocalArrayDeque(1)
                : new LocalArrayDeque(closeHandlers);

        newCloseHandlers.add(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                Stream.close(iters);
            }
        });

        return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, newCloseHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public CharStream flatMapToChar(final Function mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return new ParallelIteratorCharStream(sequential().flatMapToChar(mapper), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, null);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;
                    private CharIterator cur = null;
                    private CharStream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && cursor < to) {
                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(elements[cursor++]);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };

                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Character next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.nextChar();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private T next = null;
                    private CharIterator cur = null;
                    private CharStream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && next != NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                } else {
                                    next = (T) NONE;
                                    break;
                                }
                            }

                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(next);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };

                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Character next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.nextChar();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        }

        final Deque newCloseHandlers = N.isNullOrEmpty(closeHandlers) ? new LocalArrayDeque(1)
                : new LocalArrayDeque(closeHandlers);

        newCloseHandlers.add(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                Stream.close(iters);
            }
        });

        return new ParallelIteratorCharStream(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, newCloseHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public ByteStream flatMapToByte(final Function mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return new ParallelIteratorByteStream(sequential().flatMapToByte(mapper), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, null);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;
                    private ByteIterator cur = null;
                    private ByteStream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && cursor < to) {
                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(elements[cursor++]);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };

                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Byte next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.nextByte();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private T next = null;
                    private ByteIterator cur = null;
                    private ByteStream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && next != NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                } else {
                                    next = (T) NONE;
                                    break;
                                }
                            }

                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(next);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };

                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Byte next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.nextByte();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        }

        final Deque newCloseHandlers = N.isNullOrEmpty(closeHandlers) ? new LocalArrayDeque(1)
                : new LocalArrayDeque(closeHandlers);

        newCloseHandlers.add(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                Stream.close(iters);
            }
        });

        return new ParallelIteratorByteStream(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, newCloseHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public ShortStream flatMapToShort(final Function mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return new ParallelIteratorShortStream(sequential().flatMapToShort(mapper), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, null);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;
                    private ShortIterator cur = null;
                    private ShortStream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && cursor < to) {
                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(elements[cursor++]);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };

                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Short next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.nextShort();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private T next = null;
                    private ShortIterator cur = null;
                    private ShortStream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && next != NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                } else {
                                    next = (T) NONE;
                                    break;
                                }
                            }

                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(next);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };

                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Short next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.nextShort();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        }

        final Deque newCloseHandlers = N.isNullOrEmpty(closeHandlers) ? new LocalArrayDeque(1)
                : new LocalArrayDeque(closeHandlers);

        newCloseHandlers.add(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                Stream.close(iters);
            }
        });

        return new ParallelIteratorShortStream(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, newCloseHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public IntStream flatMapToInt(final Function mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return new ParallelIteratorIntStream(sequential().flatMapToInt(mapper), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, null);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;
                    private IntIterator cur = null;
                    private IntStream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && cursor < to) {
                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(elements[cursor++]);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };

                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Integer next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.nextInt();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private T next = null;
                    private IntIterator cur = null;
                    private IntStream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && next != NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                } else {
                                    next = (T) NONE;
                                    break;
                                }
                            }

                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(next);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };

                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Integer next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.nextInt();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        }

        final Deque newCloseHandlers = N.isNullOrEmpty(closeHandlers) ? new LocalArrayDeque(1)
                : new LocalArrayDeque(closeHandlers);

        newCloseHandlers.add(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                Stream.close(iters);
            }
        });

        return new ParallelIteratorIntStream(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, newCloseHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public LongStream flatMapToLong(final Function mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return new ParallelIteratorLongStream(sequential().flatMapToLong(mapper), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, null);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;
                    private LongIterator cur = null;
                    private LongStream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && cursor < to) {
                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(elements[cursor++]);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };

                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Long next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.nextLong();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private T next = null;
                    private LongIterator cur = null;
                    private LongStream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && next != NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                } else {
                                    next = (T) NONE;
                                    break;
                                }
                            }

                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(next);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };

                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Long next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.nextLong();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        }

        final Deque newCloseHandlers = N.isNullOrEmpty(closeHandlers) ? new LocalArrayDeque(1)
                : new LocalArrayDeque(closeHandlers);

        newCloseHandlers.add(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                Stream.close(iters);
            }
        });

        return new ParallelIteratorLongStream(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, newCloseHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public FloatStream flatMapToFloat(final Function mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return new ParallelIteratorFloatStream(sequential().flatMapToFloat(mapper), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, null);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;
                    private FloatIterator cur = null;
                    private FloatStream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && cursor < to) {
                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(elements[cursor++]);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };

                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Float next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.nextFloat();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private T next = null;
                    private FloatIterator cur = null;
                    private FloatStream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && next != NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                } else {
                                    next = (T) NONE;
                                    break;
                                }
                            }

                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(next);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };

                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Float next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.nextFloat();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        }

        final Deque newCloseHandlers = N.isNullOrEmpty(closeHandlers) ? new LocalArrayDeque(1)
                : new LocalArrayDeque(closeHandlers);

        newCloseHandlers.add(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                Stream.close(iters);
            }
        });

        return new ParallelIteratorFloatStream(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, newCloseHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public DoubleStream flatMapToDouble(final Function mapper) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return new ParallelIteratorDoubleStream(sequential().flatMapToDouble(mapper), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, null);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;
                    private DoubleIterator cur = null;
                    private DoubleStream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && cursor < to) {
                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(elements[cursor++]);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };

                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Double next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.nextDouble();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private T next = null;
                    private DoubleIterator cur = null;
                    private DoubleStream s = null;
                    private Runnable closeHandle = null;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        while ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && next != NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                } else {
                                    next = (T) NONE;
                                    break;
                                }
                            }

                            if (closeHandle != null) {
                                final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                                closeHandle = null;
                                tmp.run();
                            }

                            s = mapper.apply(next);

                            if (N.notNullOrEmpty(s.closeHandlers)) {
                                final Deque tmp = s.closeHandlers;

                                closeHandle = new Runnable() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void run() {
                                        Stream.close(tmp);
                                    }
                                };

                            }

                            cur = s.iterator();
                        }

                        return cur != null && cur.hasNext();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Double next() {
                        if ((cur == null || cur.hasNext() == false) && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        return cur.nextDouble();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void close() {
                        if (closeHandle != null) {
                            final Runnable tmp = closeHandle;
                            closeHandle = null;
                            tmp.run();
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        }

        final Deque newCloseHandlers = N.isNullOrEmpty(closeHandlers) ? new LocalArrayDeque(1)
                : new LocalArrayDeque(closeHandlers);

        newCloseHandlers.add(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                Stream.close(iters);
            }
        });

        return new ParallelIteratorDoubleStream(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, newCloseHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public Stream peek(final Consumer action) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.peek(action);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> iters = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {
                    private int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                    private final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        return cursor < to;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public T next() {
                        if (cursor >= to) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        action.accept(elements[cursor]);

                        return elements[cursor++];
                    }
                });
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                iters.add(new ObjIteratorEx() {

                    private Object next = NONE;

                    @Override
                    public boolean hasNext() {
                        if (next == NONE) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        return next != NONE;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public T next() {
                        if (next == NONE && hasNext() == false) {
                            throw new NoSuchElementException();
                        }

                        T result = (T) next;
                        action.accept(result);
                        next = NONE;
                        return result;
                    }

                });
            }
        }

        return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(Stream.parallelConcatt(iters, iters.size()), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public  void forEach(final Try.Consumer action, final Try.Runnable onComplete) throws E, E2 {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            super.forEach(action, onComplete);
            return;
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                action.accept(elements[cursor++]);
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {

                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                action.accept(next);
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }

                }));
            }
        }

        try {
            complette(futureList, eHolder, (E) null);

            onComplete.run();
        } finally {
            close();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public  void forEach(final Try.Function, E> flatMapper,
            final Try.BiConsumer action) throws E, E2 {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            super.forEach(flatMapper, action);
            return;
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        Collection c = null;

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                c = flatMapper.apply(elements[cursor]);

                                if (N.notNullOrEmpty(c)) {
                                    for (U u : c) {
                                        action.accept(elements[cursor], u);
                                    }
                                }

                                cursor++;
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {

                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        Collection c = null;
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                c = flatMapper.apply(next);

                                if (N.notNullOrEmpty(c)) {
                                    for (U u : c) {
                                        action.accept(next, u);
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }
                }));
            }
        }

        try {
            complette(futureList, eHolder, (E) null);
        } finally {
            close();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public  void forEach(
            final Try.Function, E> flatMapper, final Try.Function, E2> flatMapper2,
            final Try.TriConsumer action) throws E, E2, E3 {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            super.forEach(flatMapper, flatMapper2, action);
            return;
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        Collection c2 = null;
                        Collection c3 = null;

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                c2 = flatMapper.apply(elements[cursor]);

                                if (N.notNullOrEmpty(c2)) {
                                    for (T2 t2 : c2) {
                                        c3 = flatMapper2.apply(t2);

                                        if (N.notNullOrEmpty(c3)) {
                                            for (T3 t3 : c3) {
                                                action.accept(elements[cursor], t2, t3);
                                            }
                                        }
                                    }
                                }

                                cursor++;
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {

                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        Collection c2 = null;
                        Collection c3 = null;
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                c2 = flatMapper.apply(next);

                                if (N.notNullOrEmpty(c2)) {
                                    for (T2 t2 : c2) {
                                        c3 = flatMapper2.apply(t2);

                                        if (N.notNullOrEmpty(c3)) {
                                            for (T3 t3 : c3) {
                                                action.accept(next, t2, t3);
                                            }
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }
                }));
            }
        }

        try {
            complette(futureList, eHolder, (E) null);
        } finally {
            close();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public  void forEachPair(final Try.BiConsumer action, final int increment) throws E {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            super.forEachPair(action, increment);
            return;
        }

        final int windowSize = 2;

        checkArgPositive(increment, "increment");

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();
        final MutableInt curIndex = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

        for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
            futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {
                private int cursor = -1;

                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        while (curIndex.intValue() < toIndex && eHolder.value() == null) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (curIndex.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    cursor = curIndex.value();
                                    curIndex.setValue(increment < toIndex - cursor && windowSize < toIndex - cursor ? cursor + increment : toIndex);
                                } else {
                                    break;
                                }
                            }

                            action.accept(elements[cursor], cursor < toIndex - 1 ? elements[cursor + 1] : null);
                        }
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        setError(eHolder, e);
                    }
                }
            }));
        }

        try {
            complette(futureList, eHolder, (E) null);
        } finally {
            close();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public  void forEachTriple(final Try.TriConsumer action, final int increment) throws E {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            super.forEachTriple(action, increment);
            return;
        }

        final int windowSize = 3;

        checkArgPositive(increment, "increment");

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();
        final MutableInt curIndex = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

        for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
            futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {
                private int cursor = -1;

                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        while (curIndex.intValue() < toIndex && eHolder.value() == null) {
                            synchronized (elements) {
                                if (curIndex.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                    cursor = curIndex.value();
                                    curIndex.setValue(increment < toIndex - cursor && windowSize < toIndex - cursor ? cursor + increment : toIndex);
                                } else {
                                    break;
                                }
                            }

                            action.accept(elements[cursor], cursor < toIndex - 1 ? elements[cursor + 1] : null,
                                    cursor < toIndex - 2 ? elements[cursor + 2] : null);
                        }
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        setError(eHolder, e);
                    }
                }
            }));
        }

        try {
            complette(futureList, eHolder, (E) null);
        } finally {
            close();
        }
    }

    @Override
     A[] toArray(A[] a) {
        assertNotClosed();

        try {
            if (a.length < (toIndex - fromIndex)) {
                a = N.newArray(a.getClass().getComponentType(), toIndex - fromIndex);
            }

            N.copy(elements, fromIndex, a, 0, toIndex - fromIndex);

            return a;
        } finally {
            close();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public > M toMap(final Function keyMapper, final Function valueMapper,
            final BinaryOperator mergeFunction, final Supplier mapFactory) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.toMap(keyMapper, valueMapper, mergeFunction, mapFactory);
        }

        // return collect(Collectors.toMap(keyMapper, valueMapper, mapFactory));

        //    final M res = mapFactory.get();
        //    res.putAll(collect(Collectors.toConcurrentMap(keyMapper, valueMapper, mergeFunction)));
        //    return res;

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {
                    @Override
                    public M call() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        M map = mapFactory.get();

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                Collectors.merge(map, keyMapper.apply(elements[cursor]), valueMapper.apply(elements[cursor]), mergeFunction);
                                cursor++;
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return map;
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {

                    @Override
                    public M call() {
                        M map = mapFactory.get();
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                Collectors.merge(map, keyMapper.apply(next), valueMapper.apply(next), mergeFunction);
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return map;
                    }
                }));
            }
        }

        if (eHolder.value() != null) {
            close();
            throw N.toRuntimeException(eHolder.value());
        }

        M res = null;

        try {
            for (ContinuableFuture future : futureList) {
                if (res == null) {
                    res = future.get();
                } else {
                    final M m = future.get();

                    for (Map.Entry entry : m.entrySet()) {
                        Collectors.merge(res, entry.getKey(), entry.getValue(), mergeFunction);
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
            throw N.toRuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            close();
        }

        return res;
    }

    @Override
    public > M toMap(final Function keyMapper, final Function valueMapper,
            final Collector downstream, final Supplier mapFactory) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.toMap(keyMapper, valueMapper, downstream, mapFactory);
        }

        // return collect(Collectors.groupingBy(keyMapper, downstream, mapFactory));

        //    final M res = mapFactory.get();
        //    res.putAll(collect(Collectors.groupingByConcurrent(keyMapper, downstream)));
        //    return res;

        final Supplier downstreamSupplier = downstream.supplier();
        final BiConsumer downstreamAccumulator = downstream.accumulator();
        final BinaryOperator downstreamCombiner = downstream.combiner();
        final Function downstreamFinisher = downstream.finisher();

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List>> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable>() {
                    @Override
                    public Map call() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
                        Map map = (Map) mapFactory.get();
                        K key = null;
                        A value = null;

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                key = checkArgNotNull(keyMapper.apply(elements[cursor]), "element cannot be mapped to a null key");

                                value = map.get(key);

                                if (value == null) {
                                    value = downstreamSupplier.get();
                                    map.put(key, value);
                                }

                                downstreamAccumulator.accept(value, valueMapper.apply(elements[cursor]));

                                cursor++;
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return map;
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable>() {

                    @Override
                    public Map call() {
                        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
                        Map map = (Map) mapFactory.get();
                        K key = null;
                        A value = null;
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                key = checkArgNotNull(keyMapper.apply(next), "element cannot be mapped to a null key");
                                value = map.get(key);

                                if (value == null) {
                                    value = downstreamSupplier.get();
                                    map.put(key, value);
                                }

                                downstreamAccumulator.accept(value, valueMapper.apply(next));
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return map;
                    }
                }));
            }
        }

        if (eHolder.value() != null) {
            close();
            throw N.toRuntimeException(eHolder.value());
        }

        Map intermediate = null;

        try {
            for (ContinuableFuture> future : futureList) {
                if (intermediate == null) {
                    intermediate = future.get();
                } else {
                    final Map m = future.get();
                    K key = null;

                    for (Map.Entry entry : m.entrySet()) {
                        key = entry.getKey();

                        if (intermediate.containsKey(key)) {
                            intermediate.put(key, downstreamCombiner.apply(intermediate.get(key), m.get(key)));
                        } else {
                            intermediate.put(key, m.get(key));
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
            throw N.toRuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            close();
        }

        final BiFunction function = new BiFunction() {
            @Override
            public A apply(K k, A v) {
                return (A) downstreamFinisher.apply(v);
            }
        };

        Collectors.replaceAll(intermediate, function);

        return (M) intermediate;
    }

    //    @Override
    //    public > M flatToMap(final Function> flatKeyMapper,
    //            final BiFunction valueMapper, final BinaryOperator mergeFunction, final Supplier mapFactory) {
    //        assertNotClosed();
    //
    //        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
    //            return super.flatToMap(flatKeyMapper, valueMapper, mergeFunction, mapFactory);
    //        }
    //
    //        // return collect(Collectors.toMap(keyMapper, valueMapper, mapFactory));
    //
    //        //    final M res = mapFactory.get();
    //        //    res.putAll(collect(Collectors.toConcurrentMap(keyMapper, valueMapper, mergeFunction)));
    //        //    return res;
    //
    //        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
    //        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
    //        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();
    //
    //        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
    //            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);
    //
    //            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
    //                final int sliceIndex = i;
    //
    //                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {
    //                    @Override
    //                    public M call() {
    //                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
    //                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;
    //
    //                        M map = mapFactory.get();
    //                        ObjIterator keyIter = null;
    //                        K key = null;
    //
    //                        try {
    //                            while (cursor < to && eHolder.value() == null) {
    //                                try (Stream ks = flatKeyMapper.apply(elements[cursor])) {
    //                                    keyIter = ks.iterator();
    //
    //                                    while (keyIter.hasNext()) {
    //                                        key = keyIter.next();
    //                                        Collectors.merge(map, key, valueMapper.apply(key, elements[cursor]), mergeFunction);
    //                                    }
    //                                }
    //
    //                                cursor++;
    //                            }
    //                        } catch (Exception e) {
    //                            setError(eHolder, e);
    //                        }
    //
    //                        return map;
    //                    }
    //                }));
    //            }
    //        } else {
    //            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);
    //
    //            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
    //                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {
    //
    //                    @Override
    //                    public M call() {
    //                        M map = mapFactory.get();
    //                        ObjIterator keyIter = null;
    //                        T next = null;
    //                        K key = null;
    //
    //                        try {
    //                            while (eHolder.value() == null) {
    //                                synchronized (elements) {
    //                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
    //                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
    //                                    } else {
    //                                        break;
    //                                    }
    //                                }
    //
    //                                try (Stream ks = flatKeyMapper.apply(next)) {
    //                                    keyIter = ks.iterator();
    //
    //                                    while (keyIter.hasNext()) {
    //                                        key = keyIter.next();
    //                                        Collectors.merge(map, key, valueMapper.apply(key, next), mergeFunction);
    //                                    }
    //                                }
    //                            }
    //                        } catch (Exception e) {
    //                            setError(eHolder, e);
    //                        }
    //
    //                        return map;
    //                    }
    //                }));
    //            }
    //        }
    //
    //        if (eHolder.value() != null) {
    //            close();
    //            throw N.toRuntimeException(eHolder.value());
    //        }
    //
    //        M res = null;
    //
    //        try {
    //            for (ContinuableFuture future : futureList) {
    //                if (res == null) {
    //                    res = future.get();
    //                } else {
    //                    final M m = future.get();
    //
    //                    for (Map.Entry entry : m.entrySet()) {
    //                        Collectors.merge(res, entry.getKey(), entry.getValue(), mergeFunction);
    //                    }
    //                }
    //            }
    //        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
    //            throw N.toRuntimeException(e);
    //        } finally {
    //            close();
    //        }
    //
    //        return res;
    //    }
    //
    //    @Override
    //    public > M flatToMap(final Function> flatKeyMapper,
    //            final BiFunction valueMapper, final Collector downstream,
    //            final Supplier mapFactory) {
    //        assertNotClosed();
    //
    //        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
    //            return super.flatToMap(flatKeyMapper, valueMapper, downstream, mapFactory);
    //        }
    //
    //        // return collect(Collectors.groupingBy(keyMapper, downstream, mapFactory));
    //
    //        //    final M res = mapFactory.get();
    //        //    res.putAll(collect(Collectors.groupingByConcurrent(keyMapper, downstream)));
    //        //    return res;
    //
    //        final Supplier downstreamSupplier = downstream.supplier();
    //        final BiConsumer downstreamAccumulator = downstream.accumulator();
    //        final BinaryOperator downstreamCombiner = downstream.combiner();
    //        final Function downstreamFinisher = downstream.finisher();
    //
    //        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
    //        final List>> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
    //        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();
    //
    //        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
    //            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);
    //
    //            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
    //                final int sliceIndex = i;
    //
    //                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable>() {
    //                    @Override
    //                    public Map call() {
    //                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
    //                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;
    //
    //                        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
    //                        Map map = (Map) mapFactory.get();
    //
    //                        ObjIterator keyIter = null;
    //                        K key = null;
    //                        A value = null;
    //
    //                        try {
    //                            while (cursor < to && eHolder.value() == null) {
    //                                try (Stream ks = flatKeyMapper.apply(elements[cursor])) {
    //                                    keyIter = ks.iterator();
    //
    //                                    while (keyIter.hasNext()) {
    //                                        key = checkArgNotNull(keyIter.next(), "element cannot be mapped to a null key");
    //                                        value = map.get(key);
    //
    //                                        if (value == null) {
    //                                            value = downstreamSupplier.get();
    //                                            map.put(key, value);
    //                                        }
    //
    //                                        downstreamAccumulator.accept(value, valueMapper.apply(key, elements[cursor]));
    //                                    }
    //                                }
    //
    //                                cursor++;
    //                            }
    //                        } catch (Exception e) {
    //                            setError(eHolder, e);
    //                        }
    //
    //                        return map;
    //                    }
    //                }));
    //            }
    //        } else {
    //            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);
    //
    //            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
    //                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable>() {
    //
    //                    @Override
    //                    public Map call() {
    //                        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
    //                        Map map = (Map) mapFactory.get();
    //
    //                        ObjIterator keyIter = null;
    //                        K key = null;
    //                        A value = null;
    //                        T next = null;
    //
    //                        try {
    //                            while (eHolder.value() == null) {
    //                                synchronized (elements) {
    //                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
    //                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
    //                                    } else {
    //                                        break;
    //                                    }
    //                                }
    //
    //                                try (Stream ks = flatKeyMapper.apply(next)) {
    //                                    keyIter = ks.iterator();
    //
    //                                    while (keyIter.hasNext()) {
    //                                        key = checkArgNotNull(keyIter.next(), "element cannot be mapped to a null key");
    //                                        value = map.get(key);
    //
    //                                        if (value == null) {
    //                                            value = downstreamSupplier.get();
    //                                            map.put(key, value);
    //                                        }
    //
    //                                        downstreamAccumulator.accept(value, valueMapper.apply(key, next));
    //                                    }
    //                                }
    //                            }
    //                        } catch (Exception e) {
    //                            setError(eHolder, e);
    //                        }
    //
    //                        return map;
    //                    }
    //                }));
    //            }
    //        }
    //
    //        if (eHolder.value() != null) {
    //            close();
    //            throw N.toRuntimeException(eHolder.value());
    //        }
    //
    //        Map intermediate = null;
    //
    //        try {
    //            for (ContinuableFuture> future : futureList) {
    //                if (intermediate == null) {
    //                    intermediate = future.get();
    //                } else {
    //                    final Map m = future.get();
    //                    K key = null;
    //
    //                    for (Map.Entry entry : m.entrySet()) {
    //                        key = entry.getKey();
    //
    //                        if (intermediate.containsKey(key)) {
    //                            intermediate.put(key, downstreamCombiner.apply(intermediate.get(key), m.get(key)));
    //                        } else {
    //                            intermediate.put(key, m.get(key));
    //                        }
    //                    }
    //                }
    //            }
    //        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
    //            throw N.toRuntimeException(e);
    //        } finally {
    //            close();
    //        }
    //
    //        final BiFunction function = new BiFunction() {
    //            @Override
    //            public A apply(K k, A v) {
    //                return (A) downstreamFinisher.apply(v);
    //            }
    //        };
    //
    //        Collectors.replaceAll(intermediate, function);
    //
    //        return (M) intermediate;
    //    }
    //
    //    @Override
    //    public > M flattToMap(final Function> flatKeyMapper,
    //            final BiFunction valueMapper, final BinaryOperator mergeFunction, final Supplier mapFactory) {
    //        return flatToMap(new Function>() {
    //            @Override
    //            public Stream apply(T t) {
    //                return Stream.of(flatKeyMapper.apply(t));
    //            }
    //        }, valueMapper, mergeFunction, mapFactory);
    //    }
    //
    //    @Override
    //    public > M flattToMap(final Function> flatKeyMapper,
    //            final BiFunction valueMapper, final Collector downstream,
    //            final Supplier mapFactory) {
    //        return flatToMap(new Function>() {
    //            @Override
    //            public Stream apply(T t) {
    //                return Stream.of(flatKeyMapper.apply(t));
    //            }
    //        }, valueMapper, downstream, mapFactory);
    //    }

    @Override
    public , M extends Multimap> M toMultimap(final Function keyMapper,
            final Function valueMapper, final Supplier mapFactory) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.toMultimap(keyMapper, valueMapper, mapFactory);
        }

        // return collect(Collectors.toMultimap(keyMapper, valueMapper, mapFactory));

        //    final M res = mapFactory.get();
        //    final ConcurrentMap> tmp = collect(Collectors.groupingByConcurrent(keyMapper, Collectors.mapping(valueMapper, Collectors. toList())));
        //
        //    for (Map.Entry> entry : tmp.entrySet()) {
        //        res.putAll(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
        //    }
        //
        //    return res;

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {
                    @Override
                    public M call() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        M map = mapFactory.get();

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                map.put(keyMapper.apply(elements[cursor]), valueMapper.apply(elements[cursor]));
                                cursor++;
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return map;
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {

                    @Override
                    public M call() {
                        M map = mapFactory.get();
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                map.put(keyMapper.apply(next), valueMapper.apply(next));
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return map;
                    }
                }));
            }
        }

        if (eHolder.value() != null) {
            close();
            throw N.toRuntimeException(eHolder.value());
        }

        M res = null;

        try {
            for (ContinuableFuture future : futureList) {
                if (res == null) {
                    res = future.get();
                } else {
                    final M m = future.get();

                    for (Map.Entry entry : m.entrySet()) {
                        res.putAll(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
            throw N.toRuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            close();
        }

        return res;
    }

    @Override
    public , M extends Multimap> M flatToMultimap(final Function> flatKeyMapper,
            final BiFunction valueMapper, final Supplier mapFactory) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.flatToMultimap(flatKeyMapper, valueMapper, mapFactory);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {
                    @Override
                    public M call() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        M map = mapFactory.get();
                        ObjIterator keyIter = null;
                        K k = null;

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                try (Stream ks = flatKeyMapper.apply(elements[cursor])) {
                                    keyIter = ks.iterator();

                                    while (keyIter.hasNext()) {
                                        k = keyIter.next();
                                        map.put(k, valueMapper.apply(k, elements[cursor]));
                                    }
                                }

                                cursor++;
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return map;
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {

                    @Override
                    public M call() {
                        M map = mapFactory.get();
                        ObjIterator keyIter = null;
                        K k = null;
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                try (Stream ks = flatKeyMapper.apply(next)) {
                                    keyIter = ks.iterator();

                                    while (keyIter.hasNext()) {
                                        k = keyIter.next();
                                        map.put(k, valueMapper.apply(k, next));
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return map;
                    }
                }));
            }
        }

        if (eHolder.value() != null) {
            close();
            throw N.toRuntimeException(eHolder.value());
        }

        M res = null;

        try {
            for (ContinuableFuture future : futureList) {
                if (res == null) {
                    res = future.get();
                } else {
                    final M m = future.get();

                    for (Map.Entry entry : m.entrySet()) {
                        res.putAll(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
            throw N.toRuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            close();
        }

        return res;
    }

    @Override
    public , M extends Multimap> M flattToMultimap(
            final Function> flatKeyMapper, final BiFunction valueMapper,
            final Supplier mapFactory) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.flattToMultimap(flatKeyMapper, valueMapper, mapFactory);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {
                    @Override
                    public M call() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        M map = mapFactory.get();
                        Collection ks = null;

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                ks = flatKeyMapper.apply(elements[cursor]);

                                if (N.notNullOrEmpty(ks)) {
                                    for (K k : ks) {
                                        map.put(k, valueMapper.apply(k, elements[cursor]));
                                    }
                                }

                                cursor++;
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return map;
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {

                    @Override
                    public M call() {
                        M map = mapFactory.get();
                        Collection ks = null;
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                ks = flatKeyMapper.apply(next);

                                if (N.notNullOrEmpty(ks)) {
                                    for (K k : ks) {
                                        map.put(k, valueMapper.apply(k, next));
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return map;
                    }
                }));
            }
        }

        if (eHolder.value() != null) {
            close();
            throw N.toRuntimeException(eHolder.value());
        }

        M res = null;

        try {
            for (ContinuableFuture future : futureList) {
                if (res == null) {
                    res = future.get();
                } else {
                    final M m = future.get();

                    for (Map.Entry entry : m.entrySet()) {
                        res.putAll(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
            throw N.toRuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            close();
        }

        return res;
    }

    @Override
    public  Map partitionTo(final Predicate predicate, Collector downstream) {
        final Function keyMapper = new Function() {
            @Override
            public Boolean apply(T t) {
                return predicate.test(t);
            }
        };

        final Supplier> mapFactory = Suppliers.ofMap();
        final Map map = toMap(keyMapper, downstream, mapFactory);

        if (map.containsKey(Boolean.TRUE) == false) {
            map.put(Boolean.TRUE, downstream.finisher().apply(downstream.supplier().get()));
        } else if (map.containsKey(Boolean.FALSE) == false) {
            map.put(Boolean.FALSE, downstream.finisher().apply(downstream.supplier().get()));
        }

        return map;
    }

    @Override
    public T reduce(final T identity, final BinaryOperator accumulator) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.reduce(identity, accumulator);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {
                    @Override
                    public T call() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        T result = identity;

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                result = accumulator.apply(result, elements[cursor++]);
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return result;
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {

                    @Override
                    public T call() {
                        T result = identity;
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                result = accumulator.apply(result, next);
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return result;
                    }
                }));
            }
        }

        if (eHolder.value() != null) {
            close();
            throw N.toRuntimeException(eHolder.value());
        }

        T result = (T) NONE;

        try {
            for (ContinuableFuture future : futureList) {
                if (result == NONE) {
                    result = future.get();
                } else {
                    result = accumulator.apply(result, future.get());
                }
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
            throw N.toRuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            close();
        }

        return result == NONE ? identity : result;
    }

    @Override
    public Optional reduce(final BinaryOperator accumulator) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.reduce(accumulator);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {
                    @Override
                    public T call() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        if (cursor >= to) {
                            return (T) NONE;
                        }

                        T result = elements[cursor++];

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                result = accumulator.apply(result, elements[cursor++]);
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return result;
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {

                    @Override
                    public T call() {
                        T result = null;

                        synchronized (elements) {
                            if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                result = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                            } else {
                                return (T) NONE;
                            }
                        }

                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                result = accumulator.apply(result, next);
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return result;
                    }
                }));
            }
        }

        if (eHolder.value() != null) {
            close();
            throw N.toRuntimeException(eHolder.value());
        }

        T result = (T) NONE;

        try {
            for (ContinuableFuture future : futureList) {
                final T tmp = future.get();

                if (tmp == NONE) {
                    continue;
                } else if (result == NONE) {
                    result = tmp;
                } else {
                    result = accumulator.apply(result, tmp);
                }
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
            throw N.toRuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            close();
        }

        return result == NONE ? (Optional) Optional.empty() : Optional.of(result);
    }

    @Override
    public  R collect(final Supplier supplier, final BiConsumer accumulator, final BiConsumer combiner) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.collect(supplier, accumulator, combiner);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {
                    @Override
                    public R call() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        final R container = supplier.get();

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                accumulator.accept(container, elements[cursor++]);
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return container;
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {

                    @Override
                    public R call() {
                        final R container = supplier.get();
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                accumulator.accept(container, next);
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return container;
                    }
                }));
            }
        }

        if (eHolder.value() != null) {
            close();
            throw N.toRuntimeException(eHolder.value());
        }

        R container = (R) NONE;

        try {
            for (ContinuableFuture future : futureList) {
                if (container == NONE) {
                    container = future.get();
                } else {
                    combiner.accept(container, future.get());
                }
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
            throw N.toRuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            close();
        }

        return container == NONE ? supplier.get() : container;
    }

    @Override
    public  R collect(Collector collector) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return sequential().collect(collector);
        }

        //    if (/*collector.characteristics().contains(Collector.Characteristics.CONCURRENT) == false
        //                   || */ collector.characteristics().contains(Collector.Characteristics.UNORDERED) == false) {
        //        return sequential().collect(collector);
        //    }

        final boolean isConcurrentCollector = N.notNullOrEmpty(collector.characteristics())
                && collector.characteristics().contains(Collector.Characteristics.CONCURRENT);

        final Supplier supplier = collector.supplier();
        final BiConsumer accumulator = collector.accumulator();
        final BinaryOperator combiner = collector.combiner();
        final Function finisher = collector.finisher();

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();
        final A singleContainer = isConcurrentCollector ? supplier.get() : null;

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {
                    @Override
                    public A call() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        A container = isConcurrentCollector ? singleContainer : supplier.get();

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                accumulator.accept(container, elements[cursor++]);
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return container;
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Callable() {

                    @Override
                    public A call() {
                        A container = isConcurrentCollector ? singleContainer : supplier.get();
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                accumulator.accept(container, next);
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }

                        return container;
                    }
                }));
            }
        }

        if (eHolder.value() != null) {
            close();
            throw N.toRuntimeException(eHolder.value());
        }

        A container = isConcurrentCollector ? singleContainer : (A) NONE;

        try {
            for (ContinuableFuture future : futureList) {
                if (isConcurrentCollector) {
                    future.get();
                } else {
                    if (container == NONE) {
                        container = future.get();
                    } else {
                        container = combiner.apply(container, future.get());
                    }
                }
            }

            return finisher.apply(container == NONE ? supplier.get() : container);
        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
            throw N.toRuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            close();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Optional min(Comparator comparator) {
        boolean isDone = true;

        try {
            if (fromIndex == toIndex) {
                return Optional.empty();
            } else if (sorted && isSameComparator(cmp, comparator)) {
                return Optional.of(elements[fromIndex]);
            } else {
                isDone = false;
            }
        } finally {
            if (isDone) {
                close();
            }
        }

        comparator = comparator == null ? NATURAL_COMPARATOR : comparator;

        return collect(Collectors.minBy(comparator));
    }

    @Override
    public Optional max(Comparator comparator) {
        boolean isDone = true;

        try {
            if (fromIndex == toIndex) {
                return Optional.empty();
            } else if (sorted && isSameComparator(cmp, comparator)) {
                return Optional.of(elements[toIndex - 1]);
            } else {
                isDone = false;
            }
        } finally {
            if (isDone) {
                close();
            }
        }

        comparator = comparator == null ? NATURAL_COMPARATOR : comparator;

        return collect(Collectors.maxBy(comparator));
    }

    @Override
    public  boolean anyMatch(final Try.Predicate predicate) throws E {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.anyMatch(predicate);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();
        final MutableBoolean result = MutableBoolean.of(false);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && result.isFalse() && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                if (predicate.test(elements[cursor++])) {
                                    result.setTrue();
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {

                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (result.isFalse() && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                if (predicate.test(next)) {
                                    result.setTrue();
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }

                }));
            }
        }

        try {
            complette(futureList, eHolder, (E) null);
        } finally {
            close();
        }

        return result.value();
    }

    @Override
    public  boolean allMatch(final Try.Predicate predicate) throws E {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.allMatch(predicate);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();
        final MutableBoolean result = MutableBoolean.of(true);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && result.isTrue() && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                if (predicate.test(elements[cursor++]) == false) {
                                    result.setFalse();
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {

                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (result.isTrue() && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                if (predicate.test(next) == false) {
                                    result.setFalse();
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }

                }));
            }
        }

        try {
            complette(futureList, eHolder, (E) null);
        } finally {
            close();
        }

        return result.value();
    }

    @Override
    public  boolean noneMatch(final Try.Predicate predicate) throws E {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.noneMatch(predicate);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();
        final MutableBoolean result = MutableBoolean.of(true);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && result.isTrue() && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                if (predicate.test(elements[cursor++])) {
                                    result.setFalse();
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {

                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (result.isTrue() && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                if (predicate.test(next)) {
                                    result.setFalse();
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }

                }));
            }
        }

        try {
            complette(futureList, eHolder, (E) null);
        } finally {
            close();
        }

        return result.value();
    }

    @Override
    public  boolean nMatch(final long atLeast, final long atMost, final Try.Predicate predicate) throws E {
        checkArgNotNegative(atLeast, "atLeast");
        checkArgNotNegative(atMost, "atMost");
        checkArgument(atLeast <= atMost, "'atLeast' must be <= 'atMost'");

        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1) {
            return super.nMatch(atLeast, atMost, predicate);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(maxThreadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();
        final AtomicLong cnt = new AtomicLong(0);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && cnt.get() <= atMost && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                if (predicate.test(elements[cursor++])) {
                                    if (cnt.incrementAndGet() > atMost) {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {

                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (cnt.get() <= atMost && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                if (predicate.test(next)) {
                                    if (cnt.incrementAndGet() > atMost) {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }
                }));
            }
        }

        try {
            complette(futureList, eHolder, (E) null);
        } finally {
            close();
        }

        return cnt.get() >= atLeast && cnt.get() <= atMost;
    }

    @Override
    public  Optional findFirst(final Try.Predicate predicate) throws E {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.findFirst(predicate);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();
        final Holder> resultHolder = new Holder<>();

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;
                        final Pair pair = new Pair<>();

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && (resultHolder.value() == null || cursor < resultHolder.value().left) && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                pair.left = cursor;
                                pair.right = elements[cursor++];

                                if (predicate.test(pair.right)) {
                                    synchronized (resultHolder) {
                                        if (resultHolder.value() == null || pair.left < resultHolder.value().left) {
                                            resultHolder.setValue(pair.copy());
                                        }
                                    }

                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {

                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        final Pair pair = new Pair<>();

                        try {
                            while (resultHolder.value() == null && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        pair.left = cursor.intValue();
                                        pair.right = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                if (predicate.test(pair.right)) {
                                    synchronized (resultHolder) {
                                        if (resultHolder.value() == null || pair.left < resultHolder.value().left) {
                                            resultHolder.setValue(pair.copy());
                                        }
                                    }

                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }

                }));
            }
        }

        try {
            complette(futureList, eHolder, (E) null);
        } finally {
            close();
        }

        return resultHolder.value() == null ? (Optional) Optional.empty() : Optional.of(resultHolder.value().right);
    }

    @Override
    public  Optional findLast(final Try.Predicate predicate) throws E {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.findLast(predicate);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();
        final Holder> resultHolder = new Holder<>();

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        final int from = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        int cursor = toIndex - from > sliceSize ? from + sliceSize : toIndex;
                        final Pair pair = new Pair<>();

                        try {
                            while (cursor > from && (resultHolder.value() == null || cursor > resultHolder.value().left) && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                pair.left = cursor;
                                pair.right = elements[--cursor];

                                if (predicate.test(pair.right)) {
                                    synchronized (resultHolder) {
                                        if (resultHolder.value() == null || pair.left > resultHolder.value().left) {
                                            resultHolder.setValue(pair.copy());
                                        }
                                    }

                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(toIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {

                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        final Pair pair = new Pair<>();

                        try {
                            while (resultHolder.value() == null && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() > fromIndex) {
                                        pair.left = cursor.intValue();
                                        pair.right = elements[cursor.decrementAndGet()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                if (predicate.test(pair.right)) {
                                    synchronized (resultHolder) {
                                        if (resultHolder.value() == null || pair.left > resultHolder.value().left) {
                                            resultHolder.setValue(pair.copy());
                                        }
                                    }

                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }

                }));
            }
        }

        try {
            complette(futureList, eHolder, (E) null);
        } finally {
            close();
        }

        return resultHolder.value() == null ? (Optional) Optional.empty() : Optional.of(resultHolder.value().right);
    }

    @Override
    public  Optional findAny(final Try.Predicate predicate) throws E {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return super.findAny(predicate);
        }

        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();
        final Holder resultHolder = Holder.of((T) NONE);

        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                final int sliceIndex = i;

                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (cursor < to && resultHolder.value() == NONE && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                next = elements[cursor++];

                                if (predicate.test(next)) {
                                    synchronized (resultHolder) {
                                        if (resultHolder.value() == NONE) {
                                            resultHolder.setValue(next);
                                        }
                                    }

                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }
                }));
            }
        } else {
            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);

            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {

                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        T next = null;

                        try {
                            while (resultHolder.value() == NONE && eHolder.value() == null) {
                                synchronized (elements) {
                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
                                    } else {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }

                                if (predicate.test(next)) {
                                    synchronized (resultHolder) {
                                        if (resultHolder.value() == NONE) {
                                            resultHolder.setValue(next);
                                        }
                                    }

                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            setError(eHolder, e);
                        }
                    }

                }));
            }
        }

        try {
            complette(futureList, eHolder, (E) null);
        } finally {
            close();
        }

        return resultHolder.value() == NONE ? (Optional) Optional.empty() : Optional.of(resultHolder.value());
    }

    @Override
    public Stream intersection(final Function mapper, final Collection c) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(sequential().intersection(mapper, c).iterator(), sorted, cmp, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor,
                    closeHandlers);
        }

        final Multiset multiset = Multiset.from(c);

        return filter(new Predicate() {
            @Override
            public boolean test(T value) {
                final Object key = mapper.apply(value);

                synchronized (multiset) {
                    return multiset.getAndRemove(key) > 0;
                }
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public Stream difference(final Function mapper, final Collection c) {
        assertNotClosed();

        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
            return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(sequential().intersection(mapper, c).iterator(), sorted, cmp, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor,
                    closeHandlers);
        }

        final Multiset multiset = Multiset.from(c);

        return filter(new Predicate() {
            @Override
            public boolean test(T value) {
                final Object key = mapper.apply(value);

                synchronized (multiset) {
                    return multiset.getAndRemove(key) < 1;
                }
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public Stream append(Stream stream) {
        return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(Stream.concat(this, stream), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public Stream prepend(Stream stream) {
        return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(Stream.concat(stream, this), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public Stream merge(final Stream b, final BiFunction nextSelector) {
        return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(Stream.merge(this, b, nextSelector), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public  Stream zipWith(Stream b, BiFunction zipFunction) {
        return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(Stream.parallelZip(this, b, zipFunction), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public  Stream zipWith(Stream b, Stream c, TriFunction zipFunction) {
        return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(Stream.parallelZip(this, b, c, zipFunction), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public  Stream zipWith(Stream b, T valueForNoneA, T2 valueForNoneB, BiFunction zipFunction) {
        return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(Stream.parallelZip(this, b, valueForNoneA, valueForNoneB, zipFunction), false, null, maxThreadNum, splitor,
                asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    public  Stream zipWith(Stream b, Stream c, T valueForNoneA, T2 valueForNoneB, T3 valueForNoneC,
            TriFunction zipFunction) {
        return new ParallelIteratorStream<>(Stream.parallelZip(this, b, c, valueForNoneA, valueForNoneB, valueForNoneC, zipFunction), false, null, maxThreadNum,
                splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    //    @Override
    //    public long persist(final PreparedStatement stmt, final int batchSize, final int batchInterval,
    //            final Try.BiConsumer stmtSetter) {
    //        checkArgument(batchSize > 0 && batchInterval >= 0, "'batchSize'=%s must be greater than 0 and 'batchInterval'=%s can't be negative", batchSize,
    //                batchInterval);
    //
    //        if (maxThreadNum <= 1 || toIndex - fromIndex <= 1) {
    //            return sequential().persist(stmt, batchSize, batchInterval, stmtSetter);
    //        }
    //
    //        final int threadNum = N.min(maxThreadNum, (toIndex - fromIndex));
    //        final List> futureList = new ArrayList<>(threadNum);
    //        final Holder eHolder = new Holder<>();
    //        final AtomicLong result = new AtomicLong();
    //
    //        if (splitor == Splitor.ARRAY) {
    //            final int sliceSize = (toIndex - fromIndex) / threadNum + ((toIndex - fromIndex) % threadNum == 0 ? 0 : 1);
    //
    //            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
    //                final int sliceIndex = i;
    //
    //                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {
    //                    @Override
    //                    public void run() {
    //                        int cursor = fromIndex + sliceIndex * sliceSize;
    //                        final int to = toIndex - cursor > sliceSize ? cursor + sliceSize : toIndex;
    //                        long cnt = 0;
    //
    //                        try {
    //                            while (cursor < to && eHolder.value() == null) {
    //                                stmtSetter.accept(stmt, elements[cursor++]);
    //                                stmt.addBatch();
    //
    //                                if ((++cnt % batchSize) == 0) {
    //                                    stmt.executeBatch();
    //                                    stmt.clearBatch();
    //
    //                                    if (batchInterval > 0) {
    //                                        N.sleep(batchInterval);
    //                                    }
    //                                }
    //                            }
    //
    //                            if ((cnt % batchSize) > 0) {
    //                                stmt.executeBatch();
    //                                stmt.clearBatch();
    //                            }
    //
    //                            result.addAndGet(cnt);
    //                        } catch (Exception e) {
    //                            setError(eHolder, e);
    //                        }
    //                    }
    //                }));
    //            }
    //        } else {
    //            final MutableInt cursor = MutableInt.of(fromIndex);
    //
    //            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
    //                futureList.add(asyncExecutor.execute(new Try.Runnable() {
    //
    //                    @Override
    //                    public void run() {
    //                        long cnt = 0;
    //                        T next = null;
    //
    //                        try {
    //                            while (eHolder.value() == null) {
    //                                synchronized (elements) {
    //                                    if (cursor.intValue() < toIndex) {
    //                                        next = elements[cursor.getAndIncrement()];
    //                                    } else {
    //                                        break;
    //                                    }
    //                                }
    //
    //                                stmtSetter.accept(stmt, next);
    //                                stmt.addBatch();
    //
    //                                if ((++cnt % batchSize) == 0) {
    //                                    stmt.executeBatch();
    //                                    stmt.clearBatch();
    //
    //                                    if (batchInterval > 0) {
    //                                        N.sleep(batchInterval);
    //                                    }
    //                                }
    //                            }
    //
    //                            if ((cnt % batchSize) > 0) {
    //                                stmt.executeBatch();
    //                                stmt.clearBatch();
    //                            }
    //
    //                            result.addAndGet(cnt);
    //                        } catch (Exception e) {
    //                            setError(eHolder, e);
    //                        }
    //                    }
    //
    //                }));
    //            }
    //        }
    //
    //        complete(futureList, eHolder);
    //
    //        return result.longValue();
    //    }

    @Override
    public boolean isParallel() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public Stream sequential() {
        ArrayStream tmp = sequential;

        if (tmp == null) {
            tmp = new ArrayStream<>(elements, fromIndex, toIndex, sorted, cmp, closeHandlers);
            sequential = tmp;
        }

        return tmp;
    }

    @Override
    public Stream parallel(int maxThreadNum, Splitor splitor) {
        checkMaxThreadNum(maxThreadNum);
        checkSplitor(splitor);

        return new ParallelArrayStream<>(elements, fromIndex, toIndex, sorted, cmp, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, closeHandlers);
    }

    @Override
    protected int maxThreadNum() {
        return maxThreadNum;
    }

    @Override
    protected BaseStream.Splitor splitor() {
        return splitor;
    }

    @Override
    protected AsyncExecutor asyncExecutor() {
        return asyncExecutor;
    }

    @Override
    public Stream onClose(Runnable closeHandler) {
        final Deque newCloseHandlers = new LocalArrayDeque<>(N.isNullOrEmpty(this.closeHandlers) ? 1 : this.closeHandlers.size() + 1);

        newCloseHandlers.add(wrapCloseHandlers(closeHandler));

        if (N.notNullOrEmpty(this.closeHandlers)) {
            newCloseHandlers.addAll(this.closeHandlers);
        }

        return new ParallelArrayStream<>(elements, fromIndex, toIndex, sorted, cmp, maxThreadNum, splitor, asyncExecutor, newCloseHandlers);
    }
}