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/* ====================================================================
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
==================================================================== */
package org.apache.poi.ss.util;
/**
* Excel converts numbers to text with different rules to those of java, so
* Double.toString(value) won't do.
*
* - No more than 15 significant figures are output (java does 18).
* - The sign char for the exponent is included even if positive
* - Special values (NaN and Infinity) get rendered like the ordinary
* number that the bit pattern represents.
* - Denormalised values (between ±2-1074 and ±2-1022
* are displayed as "0"
*
* IEEE 64-bit Double Rendering Comparison
*
*
* Raw bits Java Excel
*
* 0x0000000000000000L 0.0 0
* 0x3FF0000000000000L 1.0 1
* 0x3FF00068DB8BAC71L 1.0001 1.0001
* 0x4087A00000000000L 756.0 756
* 0x401E3D70A3D70A3DL 7.56 7.56
* 0x405EDD3C07FB4C99L 123.45678901234568 123.456789012346
* 0x4132D687E3DF2180L 1234567.8901234567 1234567.89012346
* 0x3EE9E409302678BAL 1.2345678901234568E-5 1.23456789012346E-05
* 0x3F202E85BE180B74L 1.2345678901234567E-4 0.000123456789012346
* 0x3F543A272D9E0E51L 0.0012345678901234567 0.00123456789012346
* 0x3F8948B0F90591E6L 0.012345678901234568 0.0123456789012346
* 0x3EE9E409301B5A02L 1.23456789E-5 0.0000123456789
* 0x3E6E7D05BDABDE50L 5.6789012345E-8 0.000000056789012345
* 0x3E6E7D05BDAD407EL 5.67890123456E-8 5.67890123456E-08
* 0x3E6E7D06029F18BEL 5.678902E-8 0.00000005678902
* 0x2BCB5733CB32AE6EL 9.999999999999123E-98 9.99999999999912E-98
* 0x2B617F7D4ED8C59EL 1.0000000000001235E-99 1.0000000000001E-99
* 0x0036319916D67853L 1.2345678901234578E-307 1.2345678901235E-307
* 0x359DEE7A4AD4B81FL 2.0E-50 2E-50
* 0x41678C29DCD6E9E0L 1.2345678901234567E7 12345678.9012346
* 0x42A674E79C5FE523L 1.2345678901234568E13 12345678901234.6
* 0x42DC12218377DE6BL 1.2345678901234567E14 123456789012346
* 0x43118B54F22AEB03L 1.2345678901234568E15 1234567890123460
* 0x43E56A95319D63E1L 1.2345678901234567E19 12345678901234600000
* 0x441AC53A7E04BCDAL 1.2345678901234568E20 1.23456789012346E+20
* 0xC3E56A95319D63E1L -1.2345678901234567E19 -12345678901234600000
* 0xC41AC53A7E04BCDAL -1.2345678901234568E20 -1.23456789012346E+20
* 0x54820FE0BA17F46DL 1.2345678901234577E99 1.2345678901235E+99
* 0x54B693D8E89DF188L 1.2345678901234576E100 1.2345678901235E+100
* 0x4A611B0EC57E649AL 2.0E50 2E+50
* 0x7FEFFFFFFFFFFFFFL 1.7976931348623157E308 1.7976931348623E+308
* 0x0010000000000000L 2.2250738585072014E-308 2.2250738585072E-308
* 0x000FFFFFFFFFFFFFL 2.225073858507201E-308 0
* 0x0000000000000001L 4.9E-324 0
* 0x7FF0000000000000L Infinity 1.7976931348623E+308
* 0xFFF0000000000000L -Infinity 1.7976931348623E+308
* 0x441AC7A08EAD02F2L 1.234999999999999E20 1.235E+20
* 0x40FE26BFFFFFFFF9L 123499.9999999999 123500
* 0x3E4A857BFB2F2809L 1.234999999999999E-8 0.00000001235
* 0x3BCD291DEF868C89L 1.234999999999999E-20 1.235E-20
* 0x444B1AE4D6E2EF4FL 9.999999999999999E20 1E+21
* 0x412E847FFFFFFFFFL 999999.9999999999 1000000
* 0x3E45798EE2308C39L 9.999999999999999E-9 0.00000001
* 0x3C32725DD1D243ABL 9.999999999999999E-19 0.000000000000000001
* 0x3BFD83C94FB6D2ABL 9.999999999999999E-20 1E-19
* 0xC44B1AE4D6E2EF4FL -9.999999999999999E20 -1E+21
* 0xC12E847FFFFFFFFFL -999999.9999999999 -1000000
* 0xBE45798EE2308C39L -9.999999999999999E-9 -0.00000001
* 0xBC32725DD1D243ABL -9.999999999999999E-19 -0.000000000000000001
* 0xBBFD83C94FB6D2ABL -9.999999999999999E-20 -1E-19
* 0xFFFF0420003C0000L NaN 3.484840871308E+308
* 0x7FF8000000000000L NaN 2.6965397022935E+308
* 0x7FFF0420003C0000L NaN 3.484840871308E+308
* 0xFFF8000000000000L NaN 2.6965397022935E+308
* 0xFFFF0AAAAAAAAAAAL NaN 3.4877119413344E+308
* 0x7FF80AAAAAAAAAAAL NaN 2.7012211948322E+308
* 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFL NaN 3.5953862697246E+308
* 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFL NaN 3.5953862697246E+308
* 0xFFF7FFFFFFFFFFFFL NaN 2.6965397022935E+308
*
*
* Note:
* Excel has inconsistent rules for the following numeric operations:
*
* - Conversion to string (as handled here)
* - Rendering numerical quantities in the cell grid.
* - Conversion from text
* - General arithmetic
*
* Excel's text to number conversion is not a true inverse of this operation. The
* allowable ranges are different. Some numbers that don't correctly convert to text actually
* do get handled properly when used in arithmetic evaluations.
*
* @author Josh Micich
*/
public final class NumberToTextConverter {
private static final long EXCEL_NAN_BITS = 0xFFFF0420003C0000L;
private static final int MAX_TEXT_LEN = 20;
private NumberToTextConverter() {
// no instances of this class
}
/**
* Converts the supplied value to the text representation that Excel would give if
* the value were to appear in an unformatted cell, or as a literal number in a formula.
* Note - the results from this method differ slightly from those of Double.toString()
* In some special cases Excel behaves quite differently. This function attempts to reproduce
* those results.
*/
public static String toText(double value) {
return rawDoubleBitsToText(Double.doubleToLongBits(value));
}
/* package */ static String rawDoubleBitsToText(long pRawBits) {
long rawBits = pRawBits;
boolean isNegative = rawBits < 0; // sign bit is in the same place for long and double
if (isNegative) {
rawBits &= 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFL;
}
if (rawBits == 0) {
return isNegative ? "-0" : "0";
}
ExpandedDouble ed = new ExpandedDouble(rawBits);
if (ed.getBinaryExponent() < -1022) {
// value is 'denormalised' which means it is less than 2^-1022
// excel displays all these numbers as zero, even though calculations work OK
return isNegative ? "-0" : "0";
}
if (ed.getBinaryExponent() == 1024) {
// Special number NaN /Infinity
// Normally one would not create HybridDecimal objects from these values
// except in these cases Excel really tries to render them as if they were normal numbers
if(rawBits == EXCEL_NAN_BITS) {
return "3.484840871308E+308";
}
// This is where excel really gets it wrong
// Special numbers like Infinity and NaN are interpreted according to
// the standard rules below.
isNegative = false; // except that the sign bit is ignored
}
NormalisedDecimal nd = ed.normaliseBaseTen();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(MAX_TEXT_LEN+1);
if (isNegative) {
sb.append('-');
}
convertToText(sb, nd);
return sb.toString();
}
private static void convertToText(StringBuilder sb, NormalisedDecimal pnd) {
NormalisedDecimal rnd = pnd.roundUnits();
int decExponent = rnd.getDecimalExponent();
String decimalDigits;
if (Math.abs(decExponent)>98) {
decimalDigits = rnd.getSignificantDecimalDigitsLastDigitRounded();
if (decimalDigits.length() == 16) {
// rounding caused carry
decExponent++;
}
} else {
decimalDigits = rnd.getSignificantDecimalDigits();
}
int countSigDigits = countSignifantDigits(decimalDigits);
if (decExponent < 0) {
formatLessThanOne(sb, decimalDigits, decExponent, countSigDigits);
} else {
formatGreaterThanOne(sb, decimalDigits, decExponent, countSigDigits);
}
}
private static void formatLessThanOne(StringBuilder sb, String decimalDigits, int decExponent,
int countSigDigits) {
int nLeadingZeros = -decExponent - 1;
int normalLength = 2 + nLeadingZeros + countSigDigits; // 2 == "0.".length()
if (needsScientificNotation(normalLength)) {
sb.append(decimalDigits.charAt(0));
if (countSigDigits > 1) {
sb.append('.');
sb.append(decimalDigits.subSequence(1, countSigDigits));
}
sb.append("E-");
appendExp(sb, -decExponent);
return;
}
sb.append("0.");
for (int i=nLeadingZeros; i>0; i--) {
sb.append('0');
}
sb.append(decimalDigits.subSequence(0, countSigDigits));
}
private static void formatGreaterThanOne(StringBuilder sb, String decimalDigits, int decExponent, int countSigDigits) {
if (decExponent > 19) {
// scientific notation
sb.append(decimalDigits.charAt(0));
if (countSigDigits>1) {
sb.append('.');
sb.append(decimalDigits.subSequence(1, countSigDigits));
}
sb.append("E+");
appendExp(sb, decExponent);
return;
}
int nFractionalDigits = countSigDigits - decExponent - 1;
if (nFractionalDigits > 0) {
sb.append(decimalDigits.subSequence(0, decExponent+1));
sb.append('.');
sb.append(decimalDigits.subSequence(decExponent+1, countSigDigits));
return;
}
sb.append(decimalDigits.subSequence(0, countSigDigits));
for (int i=-nFractionalDigits; i>0; i--) {
sb.append('0');
}
}
private static boolean needsScientificNotation(int nDigits) {
return nDigits > MAX_TEXT_LEN;
}
private static int countSignifantDigits(String sb) {
int result=sb.length()-1;
while(sb.charAt(result) == '0') {
result--;
if(result < 0) {
throw new RuntimeException("No non-zero digits found");
}
}
return result + 1;
}
private static void appendExp(StringBuilder sb, int val) {
if(val < 10) {
sb.append('0');
sb.append((char)('0' + val));
return;
}
sb.append(val);
}
}