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/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */
package org.apache.commons.compress.utils;

import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.nio.ByteOrder;

/**
 * Reads bits from an InputStream.
 * @since 1.10
 * @NotThreadSafe
 */
public class BitInputStream implements Closeable {
    private static final int MAXIMUM_CACHE_SIZE = 63; // bits in long minus sign bit
    private static final long[] MASKS = new long[MAXIMUM_CACHE_SIZE + 1];

    static {
        for (int i = 1; i <= MAXIMUM_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
            MASKS[i] = (MASKS[i - 1] << 1) + 1;
        }
    }

    private final CountingInputStream in;
    private final ByteOrder byteOrder;
    private long bitsCached = 0;
    private int bitsCachedSize = 0;

    /**
     * Constructor taking an InputStream and its bit arrangement.
     * @param in the InputStream
     * @param byteOrder the bit arrangement across byte boundaries,
     *      either BIG_ENDIAN (aaaaabbb bb000000) or LITTLE_ENDIAN (bbbaaaaa 000000bb)
     */
    public BitInputStream(final InputStream in, final ByteOrder byteOrder) {
        this.in = new CountingInputStream(in);
        this.byteOrder = byteOrder;
    }

    @Override
    public void close() throws IOException {
        in.close();
    }

    /**
     * Clears the cache of bits that have been read from the
     * underlying stream but not yet provided via {@link #readBits}.
     */
    public void clearBitCache() {
        bitsCached = 0;
        bitsCachedSize = 0;
    }

    /**
     * Returns at most 63 bits read from the underlying stream.
     *
     * @param count the number of bits to read, must be a positive
     * number not bigger than 63.
     * @return the bits concatenated as a long using the stream's byte order.
     *         -1 if the end of the underlying stream has been reached before reading
     *         the requested number of bits
     * @throws IOException on error
     */
    public long readBits(final int count) throws IOException {
        if (count < 0 || count > MAXIMUM_CACHE_SIZE) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("count must not be negative or greater than " + MAXIMUM_CACHE_SIZE);
        }
        if (ensureCache(count)) {
            return -1;
        }

        if (bitsCachedSize < count) {
            return processBitsGreater57(count);
        }
        return readCachedBits(count);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the number of bits that can be read from this input
     * stream without reading from the underlying input stream at all.
     * @return estimate of the number of bits that can be read without reading from the underlying stream
     * @since 1.16
     */
    public int bitsCached() {
        return bitsCachedSize;
    }

    /**
     * Returns an estimate of the number of bits that can be read from
     * this input stream without blocking by the next invocation of a
     * method for this input stream.
     * @throws IOException if the underlying stream throws one when calling available
     * @return estimate of the number of bits that can be read without blocking
     * @since 1.16
     */
    public long bitsAvailable() throws IOException {
        return bitsCachedSize + ((long) Byte.SIZE) * in.available();
    }

    /**
     * Drops bits until the next bits will be read from a byte boundary.
     * @since 1.16
     */
    public void alignWithByteBoundary() {
        int toSkip = bitsCachedSize % Byte.SIZE;
        if (toSkip > 0) {
            readCachedBits(toSkip);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the number of bytes read from the underlying stream.
     *
     * 

This includes the bytes read to fill the current cache and * not read as bits so far.

* @return the number of bytes read from the underlying stream * @since 1.17 */ public long getBytesRead() { return in.getBytesRead(); } private long processBitsGreater57(final int count) throws IOException { final long bitsOut; int overflowBits = 0; long overflow = 0L; // bitsCachedSize >= 57 and left-shifting it 8 bits would cause an overflow int bitsToAddCount = count - bitsCachedSize; overflowBits = Byte.SIZE - bitsToAddCount; final long nextByte = in.read(); if (nextByte < 0) { return nextByte; } if (byteOrder == ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN) { long bitsToAdd = nextByte & MASKS[bitsToAddCount]; bitsCached |= (bitsToAdd << bitsCachedSize); overflow = (nextByte >>> bitsToAddCount) & MASKS[overflowBits]; } else { bitsCached <<= bitsToAddCount; long bitsToAdd = (nextByte >>> (overflowBits)) & MASKS[bitsToAddCount]; bitsCached |= bitsToAdd; overflow = nextByte & MASKS[overflowBits]; } bitsOut = bitsCached & MASKS[count]; bitsCached = overflow; bitsCachedSize = overflowBits; return bitsOut; } private long readCachedBits(int count) { final long bitsOut; if (byteOrder == ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN) { bitsOut = (bitsCached & MASKS[count]); bitsCached >>>= count; } else { bitsOut = (bitsCached >> (bitsCachedSize - count)) & MASKS[count]; } bitsCachedSize -= count; return bitsOut; } /** * Fills the cache up to 56 bits * @param count * @return return true, when EOF * @throws IOException */ private boolean ensureCache(final int count) throws IOException { while (bitsCachedSize < count && bitsCachedSize < 57) { final long nextByte = in.read(); if (nextByte < 0) { return true; } if (byteOrder == ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN) { bitsCached |= (nextByte << bitsCachedSize); } else { bitsCached <<= Byte.SIZE; bitsCached |= nextByte; } bitsCachedSize += Byte.SIZE; } return false; } }




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