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/*
 *  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 *  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 *  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 *  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 *  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 *  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.commons.collections;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.commons.collections.list.FixedSizeList;
import org.apache.commons.collections.list.LazyList;
import org.apache.commons.collections.list.PredicatedList;
import org.apache.commons.collections.list.SynchronizedList;
import org.apache.commons.collections.list.TransformedList;
import org.apache.commons.collections.list.TypedList;
import org.apache.commons.collections.list.UnmodifiableList;

/**
 * Provides utility methods and decorators for {@link List} instances.
 *
 * @since Commons Collections 1.0
 * @version $Revision: 646777 $ $Date: 2008-04-10 14:33:15 +0200 (Thu, 10 Apr 2008) $
 * 
 * @author Federico Barbieri
 * @author Peter Donald
 * @author Paul Jack
 * @author Stephen Colebourne
 * @author Neil O'Toole
 * @author Matthew Hawthorne
 */
public class ListUtils {

    /**
     * An empty unmodifiable list.
     * This uses the {@link Collections Collections} implementation 
     * and is provided for completeness.
     */
    public static final List EMPTY_LIST = Collections.EMPTY_LIST;
    
    /**
     * ListUtils should not normally be instantiated.
     */
    public ListUtils() {
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a new list containing all elements that are contained in
     * both given lists.
     *
     * @param list1  the first list
     * @param list2  the second list
     * @return  the intersection of those two lists
     * @throws NullPointerException if either list is null
     */
    public static List intersection(final List list1, final List list2) {
        final ArrayList result = new ArrayList();
        final Iterator iterator = list2.iterator();

        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            final Object o = iterator.next();

            if (list1.contains(o)) {
                result.add(o);
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Subtracts all elements in the second list from the first list,
     * placing the results in a new list.
     * 

* This differs from {@link List#removeAll(Collection)} in that * cardinality is respected; if list1 contains two * occurrences of null and list2 only * contains one occurrence, then the returned list will still contain * one occurrence. * * @param list1 the list to subtract from * @param list2 the list to subtract * @return a new list containing the results * @throws NullPointerException if either list is null */ public static List subtract(final List list1, final List list2) { final ArrayList result = new ArrayList(list1); final Iterator iterator = list2.iterator(); while (iterator.hasNext()) { result.remove(iterator.next()); } return result; } /** * Returns the sum of the given lists. This is their intersection * subtracted from their union. * * @param list1 the first list * @param list2 the second list * @return a new list containing the sum of those lists * @throws NullPointerException if either list is null */ public static List sum(final List list1, final List list2) { return subtract(union(list1, list2), intersection(list1, list2)); } /** * Returns a new list containing the second list appended to the * first list. The {@link List#addAll(Collection)} operation is * used to append the two given lists into a new list. * * @param list1 the first list * @param list2 the second list * @return a new list containing the union of those lists * @throws NullPointerException if either list is null */ public static List union(final List list1, final List list2) { final ArrayList result = new ArrayList(list1); result.addAll(list2); return result; } /** * Tests two lists for value-equality as per the equality contract in * {@link java.util.List#equals(java.lang.Object)}. *

* This method is useful for implementing List when you cannot * extend AbstractList. The method takes Collection instances to enable other * collection types to use the List implementation algorithm. *

* The relevant text (slightly paraphrased as this is a static method) is: *

* Compares the two list objects for equality. Returns * true if and only if both * lists have the same size, and all corresponding pairs of elements in * the two lists are equal. (Two elements e1 and * e2 are equal if (e1==null ? e2==null : * e1.equals(e2)).) In other words, two lists are defined to be * equal if they contain the same elements in the same order. This * definition ensures that the equals method works properly across * different implementations of the List interface. *
* * Note: The behaviour of this method is undefined if the lists are * modified during the equals comparison. * * @see java.util.List * @param list1 the first list, may be null * @param list2 the second list, may be null * @return whether the lists are equal by value comparison */ public static boolean isEqualList(final Collection list1, final Collection list2) { if (list1 == list2) { return true; } if (list1 == null || list2 == null || list1.size() != list2.size()) { return false; } Iterator it1 = list1.iterator(); Iterator it2 = list2.iterator(); Object obj1 = null; Object obj2 = null; while (it1.hasNext() && it2.hasNext()) { obj1 = it1.next(); obj2 = it2.next(); if (!(obj1 == null ? obj2 == null : obj1.equals(obj2))) { return false; } } return !(it1.hasNext() || it2.hasNext()); } /** * Generates a hash code using the algorithm specified in * {@link java.util.List#hashCode()}. *

* This method is useful for implementing List when you cannot * extend AbstractList. The method takes Collection instances to enable other * collection types to use the List implementation algorithm. * * @see java.util.List#hashCode() * @param list the list to generate the hashCode for, may be null * @return the hash code */ public static int hashCodeForList(final Collection list) { if (list == null) { return 0; } int hashCode = 1; Iterator it = list.iterator(); Object obj = null; while (it.hasNext()) { obj = it.next(); hashCode = 31 * hashCode + (obj == null ? 0 : obj.hashCode()); } return hashCode; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Returns a List containing all the elements in collection * that are also in retain. The cardinality of an element e * in the returned list is the same as the cardinality of e * in collection unless retain does not contain e, in which * case the cardinality is zero. This method is useful if you do not wish to modify * the collection c and thus cannot call collection.retainAll(retain);. * * @param collection the collection whose contents are the target of the #retailAll operation * @param retain the collection containing the elements to be retained in the returned collection * @return a List containing all the elements of c * that occur at least once in retain. * @throws NullPointerException if either parameter is null * @since Commons Collections 3.2 */ public static List retainAll(Collection collection, Collection retain) { List list = new ArrayList(Math.min(collection.size(), retain.size())); for (Iterator iter = collection.iterator(); iter.hasNext();) { Object obj = iter.next(); if (retain.contains(obj)) { list.add(obj); } } return list; } /** * Removes the elements in remove from collection. That is, this * method returns a list containing all the elements in c * that are not in remove. The cardinality of an element e * in the returned collection is the same as the cardinality of e * in collection unless remove contains e, in which * case the cardinality is zero. This method is useful if you do not wish to modify * collection and thus cannot call collection.removeAll(remove);. * * @param collection the collection from which items are removed (in the returned collection) * @param remove the items to be removed from the returned collection * @return a List containing all the elements of c except * any elements that also occur in remove. * @throws NullPointerException if either parameter is null * @since Commons Collections 3.2 */ public static List removeAll(Collection collection, Collection remove) { List list = new ArrayList(); for (Iterator iter = collection.iterator(); iter.hasNext();) { Object obj = iter.next(); if (remove.contains(obj) == false) { list.add(obj); } } return list; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Returns a synchronized list backed by the given list. *

* You must manually synchronize on the returned buffer's iterator to * avoid non-deterministic behavior: * *

     * List list = ListUtils.synchronizedList(myList);
     * synchronized (list) {
     *     Iterator i = list.iterator();
     *     while (i.hasNext()) {
     *         process (i.next());
     *     }
     * }
     * 
* * This method uses the implementation in the decorators subpackage. * * @param list the list to synchronize, must not be null * @return a synchronized list backed by the given list * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the list is null */ public static List synchronizedList(List list) { return SynchronizedList.decorate(list); } /** * Returns an unmodifiable list backed by the given list. *

* This method uses the implementation in the decorators subpackage. * * @param list the list to make unmodifiable, must not be null * @return an unmodifiable list backed by the given list * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the list is null */ public static List unmodifiableList(List list) { return UnmodifiableList.decorate(list); } /** * Returns a predicated (validating) list backed by the given list. *

* Only objects that pass the test in the given predicate can be added to the list. * Trying to add an invalid object results in an IllegalArgumentException. * It is important not to use the original list after invoking this method, * as it is a backdoor for adding invalid objects. * * @param list the list to predicate, must not be null * @param predicate the predicate for the list, must not be null * @return a predicated list backed by the given list * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the List or Predicate is null */ public static List predicatedList(List list, Predicate predicate) { return PredicatedList.decorate(list, predicate); } /** * Returns a typed list backed by the given list. *

* Only objects of the specified type can be added to the list. * * @param list the list to limit to a specific type, must not be null * @param type the type of objects which may be added to the list * @return a typed list backed by the specified list */ public static List typedList(List list, Class type) { return TypedList.decorate(list, type); } /** * Returns a transformed list backed by the given list. *

* Each object is passed through the transformer as it is added to the * List. It is important not to use the original list after invoking this * method, as it is a backdoor for adding untransformed objects. * * @param list the list to predicate, must not be null * @param transformer the transformer for the list, must not be null * @return a transformed list backed by the given list * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the List or Transformer is null */ public static List transformedList(List list, Transformer transformer) { return TransformedList.decorate(list, transformer); } /** * Returns a "lazy" list whose elements will be created on demand. *

* When the index passed to the returned list's {@link List#get(int) get} * method is greater than the list's size, then the factory will be used * to create a new object and that object will be inserted at that index. *

* For instance: * *

     * Factory factory = new Factory() {
     *     public Object create() {
     *         return new Date();
     *     }
     * }
     * List lazy = ListUtils.lazyList(new ArrayList(), factory);
     * Object obj = lazy.get(3);
     * 
* * After the above code is executed, obj will contain * a new Date instance. Furthermore, that Date * instance is the fourth element in the list. The first, second, * and third element are all set to null. * * @param list the list to make lazy, must not be null * @param factory the factory for creating new objects, must not be null * @return a lazy list backed by the given list * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the List or Factory is null */ public static List lazyList(List list, Factory factory) { return LazyList.decorate(list, factory); } /** * Returns a fixed-sized list backed by the given list. * Elements may not be added or removed from the returned list, but * existing elements can be changed (for instance, via the * {@link List#set(int,Object)} method). * * @param list the list whose size to fix, must not be null * @return a fixed-size list backed by that list * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the List is null */ public static List fixedSizeList(List list) { return FixedSizeList.decorate(list); } }




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