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/*
* Copyright (c) 2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistribution of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistribution in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
* distribution.
*
* Neither the name of Sun Microsystems, Inc. or the names of
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any
* kind. ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND
* WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY
* EXCLUDED. SUN MICROSYSTEMS, INC. ("SUN") AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL
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* You acknowledge that this software is not designed, licensed or
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package com.sun.j3d.utils.universe ;
import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.text.FieldPosition;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D;
import javax.media.j3d.Node;
import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody;
import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalEnvironment;
import javax.media.j3d.Screen3D;
import javax.media.j3d.Sensor;
import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D;
import javax.media.j3d.View;
import javax.media.j3d.ViewPlatform;
import javax.vecmath.Point3d;
import javax.vecmath.Vector3d;
/**
* Provides methods to extract synchronized transform information from a View.
* These transforms are derived from application scene graph information, as
* opposed to similar core Java 3D methods that derive transforms from
* internally maintained data. This allows updates to the scene graph to be
* synchronized with the current view platform position.
*
* The architecture of the Java 3D 1.3 sample implementation introduces a
* frame latency between updates to the application scene graph structure and
* their effects on internal Java 3D state. getImagePlateToVworld
* and other methods in the core Java 3D classes use a transform from view
* platform coordinates to virtual world coordinates that can be out of date
* with respect to the state of the view platform as set by the application.
* When an application uses the transforms returned by those methods to update
* view dependent parts of the scene graph, those updates might not be
* synchronized with what the viewer actually sees.
*
* The methods in this class work around this problem at the expense of
* querying the application state of the scene graph to get the current
* transform from view platform to virtual world coordinates. This can
* involve a potential performance degradation, however, since the application
* scene graph state is not designed for high performance queries. The view
* platform must also have ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ capability
* set, which potentially inhibits internal scene graph optimization.
*
* On the other hand, application behaviors that create the view platform
* transformation directly will have access to it without the need to query it
* from the scene graph; in that case, the transforms from physical
* coordinates to view platform coordinates provided by this class are all
* that are needed. The ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ view platform
* capability doesn't need to be set for these applications.
*
* Other Synchronization Issues
*
* Scene graph updates are guaranteed to take effect in the same frame only
* if run from the processStimulus() method of a Behavior. Updates from
* multiple behaviors are only guaranteed to take effect in the same frame if
* they're responding to a WakeupOnElapsedFrames(0) condition. Use a single
* behavior to perform view dependent updates if possible; otherwise, use
* WakeupOnElapsedFrames(0) and set behavior scheduling intervals to ensure
* that behaviors that need the current view platform transform are run after
* it's set. Updating scene graph elements from anything other than the
* Behavior thread, such as an external input thread or a renderer callback
* in Canvas3D, will not necessarily be synchronized with rendering.
*
* Direct updates to geometry data have a different frame latency than
* updates to scene graph transforms and structure. In the Java 3D 1.3
* architecture, updates to by-reference geometry arrays and texture data have
* a 1-frame latency, while updates to transforms and scene graph structure
* have a 2-frame latency. Because of bug 4799494, which is outstanding
* in Java 3D 1.3.1, updates to by-copy geometry arrays also have a 1-frame
* latency. It is therefore recommended that view dependent scene graph
* updates be limited to transforms and scene graph structure only.
*
* If it is not possible to avoid updating geometry directly, then these
* updates must be delayed by one frame in order to remain synchronized with
* the view platform. This can be accomplished by creating an additional
* behavior to actually update the geometry, separate from the behavior that
* computes the changes that need to be made based on current view state. If
* the update behavior is awakened by a behavior post from the computing
* behavior then the update will be delayed by a single frame.
*
* Implementation Notes
*
* This utility is essentially a rewrite of a few private Java 3D core
* classes, but designed for public use and source code availability. The
* source code may be helpful in understanding some of the more complex
* aspects of the view model, especially with regards to various interactions
* between attributes which are not adequately documented. None of the actual
* core Java 3D source code is used, but the code is designed to comply with
* the view model as defined by the Java 3D Specification, so it can be
* considered an alternative implementation. This class will produce the
* same results as the Java 3D core implementation except for:
*
* - The frame latency issue for virtual world transforms.
*
*
- Active clip node status. If a clip node is active in the scene graph,
* it should override the view's back clip plane. This class has no such
* information, so this can't be implemented.
*
*
- "Infinite" view transforms for background geometry. These are simply
* the rotation components of the normal view transforms with adjusted
* clip planes. Again, this function depends upon scene graph content
* inaccessible to this class.
*
*
- Small floating point precision differences resulting from the
* alternative computations.
*
*
- Bugs in this class and the Java 3D core.
*
*
- Tracked head position.
*
* The last item deserves some mention. Java 3D provides no way to directly
* query the tracked head position being used by the renderer. The View's
* getUserHeadToVworld method always incorporates a virtual world
* transform that is out of date with respect to the application scene graph
* state. ViewInfo reads data from the head tracking sensor directly, but
* since head trackers are continuous input devices, getting the same data
* that the renderer is using is unlikely. See the source code for the
* private method getHeadInfo in this class for more information
* and possible workarounds.
*
* Thread Safety
*
* All transforms are lazily evaluated. The updateScreen,
* updateCanvas, updateViewPlatform,
* updateView, and updateHead methods just set flags
* indicating that derived transforms need to be recomputed; they are safe to
* call from any thread. updateCanvas, for example, can safely
* be called from an AWT event listener.
*
* Screens and view platforms can be shared between separate views in the Java
* 3D view model. To remain accurate, ViewInfo also allows this sharing.
* Since it is likely that a multi-view application has separate threads
* managing each view, potential concurrent modification of data associated
* with a screen or a view platform is internally synchronized in this class.
* It is safe for each thread to use its own instance of a ViewInfo
* corresponding to the view it is managing.
*
* Otherwise, none of the other methods in this class are internally
* synchronized. Except for the update methods mentioned above, a single
* instance of ViewInfo should not be used by more than one concurrent thread
* without external synchronization.
*
* @since Java 3D 1.3.1
*/
public class ViewInfo {
private final static boolean verbose = false ;
/**
* Indicates that updates to a Screen3D associated with the View should
* be automatically checked with each call to a public method in this
* class.
*/
public final static int SCREEN_AUTO_UPDATE = 1 ;
/**
* Indicates that updates to a Canvas3D associated with the View should
* be automatically checked with each call to a public method in this
* class.
*/
public final static int CANVAS_AUTO_UPDATE = 2 ;
/**
* Indicates that updates to the View should be automatically checked
* with each call to a public method in this class.
*/
public final static int VIEW_AUTO_UPDATE = 4 ;
/**
* Indicates that updates to the tracked head position should be
* automatically checked with each call to a public method in this class.
*/
public final static int HEAD_AUTO_UPDATE = 8 ;
/**
* Indicates that updates to the ViewPlatform localToVworld
* transform should be automatically checked with each call to a public
* method in this class. The View must be attached to a ViewPlatform
* which is part of a live scene graph, and the ViewPlatform node must
* have its ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ capability set.
*/
public final static int PLATFORM_AUTO_UPDATE = 16 ;
//
// Screen3D and ViewPlatform instances are shared across multiple Views in
// the Java 3D view model. Since ViewInfo is per-View and we want to
// cache screen and platform derived data, we maintain static references
// to the screens and platforms here.
//
// From a design standpoint our ViewInfo objects should probably be in the
// scope of an object that encloses these maps so they can be gc'ed
// properly. This is cumbersome with the current design constraints, so
// for now we provide an alternative constructor to override these static
// maps and a method to explicitly clear them. The alternative
// constructor can be used to wrap this class into a multi-view context
// that provides the maps.
//
private static Map staticVpMap = new HashMap() ;
private static Map staticSiMap = new HashMap() ;
private Map screenMap = null ;
private Map viewPlatformMap = null ;
// The target View and some derived data.
private View view = null ;
private Sensor headTracker = null ;
private boolean useTracking = false ;
private boolean clipVirtual = false ;
// The current ViewPlatform and Canvas3D information used by this object.
private ViewPlatformInfo vpi = null ;
private int canvasCount = 0 ;
private Map canvasMap = new HashMap() ;
private CanvasInfo[] canvasInfo = new CanvasInfo[1] ;
// This View's update flags. The other update flags are maintained by
// ScreenInfo, CanvasInfo, and ViewPlatformInfo.
private boolean updateView = true ;
private boolean updateHead = true ;
private boolean autoUpdate = false ;
private int autoUpdateFlags = 0 ;
// Cached View policies.
private int viewPolicy = View.SCREEN_VIEW ;
private int resizePolicy = View.PHYSICAL_WORLD ;
private int movementPolicy = View.PHYSICAL_WORLD ;
private int eyePolicy = View.RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW ;
private int projectionPolicy = View.PERSPECTIVE_PROJECTION ;
private int frontClipPolicy = View.PHYSICAL_EYE ;
private int backClipPolicy = View.PHYSICAL_EYE ;
private int scalePolicy = View.SCALE_SCREEN_SIZE ;
private boolean coeCentering = true ;
// This View's cached transforms. See ScreenInfo, CanvasInfo, and
// ViewPlatformInfo for the rest of the cached transforms.
private Transform3D coeToTrackerBase = null ;
private Transform3D headToHeadTracker = null ;
// These are from the head tracker read.
private Transform3D headTrackerToTrackerBase = null ;
private Transform3D trackerBaseToHeadTracker = null ;
// These are derived from the head tracker read.
private Transform3D headToTrackerBase = null ;
private Transform3D coeToHeadTracker = null ;
// Cached physical body and environment.
private PhysicalEnvironment env = null ;
private PhysicalBody body = null ;
private Point3d leftEyeInHead = new Point3d() ;
private Point3d rightEyeInHead = new Point3d() ;
// Temporary variables. These could just be new'ed as needed, but we'll
// assume that ViewInfo instances are used much more than they're created.
private Vector3d v3d = new Vector3d() ;
private double[] m16d = new double[16] ;
private Point3d leftEye = new Point3d() ;
private Point3d rightEye = new Point3d() ;
private Map newMap = new HashMap() ;
private Set newSet = new HashSet() ;
/**
* Creates a new ViewInfo for the specified View.
*
* Applications are responsible for informing this class of changes to the
* View, its Canvas3D and Screen3D components, the tracked head position,
* and the ViewPlatform's localToVworld transform. These
* notifications are performed with the updateView,
* updateCanvas, updateScreen,
* updateHead, and updateViewPlatform
* methods.
*
* The View must be attached to a ViewPlatform. If the ViewPlatform is
* attached to a live scene graph, then ALLOW_POLICY_READ
* capability must be set on the ViewPlatform node.
*
* @param view the View to use
* @see #updateView
* @see #updateCanvas updateCanvas(Canvas3D)
* @see #updateScreen updateScreen(Screen3D)
* @see #updateHead
* @see #updateViewPlatform
*/
public ViewInfo(View view) {
this(view, 0) ;
}
/**
* Creates a new ViewInfo for the specified View. The View must be
* attached to a ViewPlatform. If the ViewPlatform is attached to a live
* scene graph, then ALLOW_POLICY_READ capability must be set
* on the ViewPlatform node.
*
* @param view the View to use
* @param autoUpdateFlags a logical OR of any of the
* VIEW_AUTO_UPDATE, CANVAS_AUTO_UPDATE,
* SCREEN_AUTO_UPDATE, HEAD_AUTO_UPDATE, or
* PLATFORM_AUTO_UPDATE flags to control whether changes to
* the View, its Canvas3D or Screen3D components, the tracked head
* position, or the ViewPlatform's localToVworld transform
* are checked automatically with each call to a public method of this
* class; if a flag is not set, then the application must inform this
* class of updates to the corresponding data
*/
public ViewInfo(View view, int autoUpdateFlags) {
this(view, autoUpdateFlags, staticSiMap, staticVpMap) ;
}
/**
* Creates a new ViewInfo for the specified View. The View must be
* attached to a ViewPlatform. If the ViewPlatform is attached to a live
* scene graph, then ALLOW_POLICY_READ capability must be set
* on the ViewPlatform node.
*
* ViewInfo caches Screen3D and ViewPlatform data, but Screen3D and
* ViewPlatform instances are shared across multiple Views in the Java 3D
* view model. Since ViewInfo is per-View, all ViewInfo constructors
* except for this one use static references to manage the shared Screen3D
* and ViewPlatform objects. In this constructor, however, the caller
* supplies two Map instances to hold these references for all ViewInfo
* instances, so static references can be avoided; it can be used to wrap
* this class into a multi-view context that provides the required
* maps.
*
* Alternatively, the other constructors can be used by calling
* ViewInfo.clear when done with ViewInfo, or by simply
* retaining the static references until the JVM exits.
*
* @param view the View to use
* @param autoUpdateFlags a logical OR of any of the
* VIEW_AUTO_UPDATE, CANVAS_AUTO_UPDATE,
* SCREEN_AUTO_UPDATE, HEAD_AUTO_UPDATE, or
* PLATFORM_AUTO_UPDATE flags to control whether changes to
* the View, its Canvas3D or Screen3D components, the tracked head
* position, or the ViewPlatform's localToVworld transform
* are checked automatically with each call to a public method of this
* class; if a flag is not set, then the application must inform this
* class of updates to the corresponding data
* @param screenMap a writeable Map to hold Screen3D information
* @param viewPlatformMap a writeable Map to hold ViewPlatform information
*/
public ViewInfo(View view, int autoUpdateFlags,
Map screenMap, Map viewPlatformMap) {
if (verbose)
System.err.println("ViewInfo: init " + hashCode()) ;
if (view == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("View is null") ;
if (screenMap == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("screenMap is null") ;
if (viewPlatformMap == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("viewPlatformMap is null") ;
this.view = view ;
this.screenMap = screenMap ;
this.viewPlatformMap = viewPlatformMap ;
if (autoUpdateFlags == 0) {
this.autoUpdate = false ;
}
else {
this.autoUpdate = true ;
this.autoUpdateFlags = autoUpdateFlags ;
}
getViewInfo() ;
}
/**
* Gets the current transforms from image plate coordinates to view
* platform coordinates and copies them into the given Transform3Ds.
*
* With a monoscopic canvas the image plate transform is copied to the
* first argument and the second argument is not used. For a stereo
* canvas the first argument receives the left image plate transform, and
* if the second argument is non-null it receives the right image plate
* transform. These transforms are always the same unless a head mounted
* display driven by a single stereo canvas is in use.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D associated with the image plate
* @param ip2vpl the Transform3D to receive the left transform
* @param ip2vpr the Transform3D to receive the right transform, or null
*/
public void getImagePlateToViewPlatform(Canvas3D c3d,
Transform3D ip2vpl,
Transform3D ip2vpr) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache
(c3d, "getImagePlateToViewPlatform", false) ;
getImagePlateToViewPlatform(ci) ;
ip2vpl.set(ci.plateToViewPlatform) ;
if (ci.useStereo && ip2vpr != null)
ip2vpr.set(ci.rightPlateToViewPlatform) ;
}
private void getImagePlateToViewPlatform(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updatePlateToViewPlatform) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating PlateToViewPlatform") ;
if (ci.plateToViewPlatform == null)
ci.plateToViewPlatform = new Transform3D() ;
getCoexistenceToImagePlate(ci) ;
getViewPlatformToCoexistence(ci) ;
ci.plateToViewPlatform.mul(ci.coeToPlate, ci.viewPlatformToCoe) ;
ci.plateToViewPlatform.invert() ;
if (ci.useStereo) {
if (ci.rightPlateToViewPlatform == null)
ci.rightPlateToViewPlatform = new Transform3D() ;
ci.rightPlateToViewPlatform.mul(ci.coeToRightPlate,
ci.viewPlatformToCoe) ;
ci.rightPlateToViewPlatform.invert() ;
}
ci.updatePlateToViewPlatform = false ;
if (verbose) t3dPrint(ci.plateToViewPlatform, "plateToVp") ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the current transforms from image plate coordinates to virtual
* world coordinates and copies them into the given Transform3Ds.
*
* With a monoscopic canvas the image plate transform is copied to the
* first argument and the second argument is not used. For a stereo
* canvas the first argument receives the left image plate transform, and
* if the second argument is non-null it receives the right image plate
* transform. These transforms are always the same unless a head mounted
* display driven by a single stereo canvas is in use.
*
* The View must be attached to a ViewPlatform which is part of a live
* scene graph, and the ViewPlatform node must have its
* ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ capability set.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D associated with the image plate
* @param ip2vwl the Transform3D to receive the left transform
* @param ip2vwr the Transform3D to receive the right transform, or null
*/
public void getImagePlateToVworld(Canvas3D c3d,
Transform3D ip2vwl, Transform3D ip2vwr) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getImagePlateToVworld", true) ;
getImagePlateToVworld(ci) ;
ip2vwl.set(ci.plateToVworld) ;
if (ci.useStereo && ip2vwr != null)
ip2vwr.set(ci.rightPlateToVworld) ;
}
private void getImagePlateToVworld(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updatePlateToVworld) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating PlateToVworld") ;
if (ci.plateToVworld == null)
ci.plateToVworld = new Transform3D() ;
getImagePlateToViewPlatform(ci) ;
ci.plateToVworld.mul
(vpi.viewPlatformToVworld, ci.plateToViewPlatform) ;
if (ci.useStereo) {
if (ci.rightPlateToVworld == null)
ci.rightPlateToVworld = new Transform3D() ;
ci.rightPlateToVworld.mul
(vpi.viewPlatformToVworld, ci.rightPlateToViewPlatform) ;
}
ci.updatePlateToVworld = false ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the current transforms from coexistence coordinates to image plate
* coordinates and copies them into the given Transform3Ds. The default
* coexistence centering enable and window movement policies are
* true and PHYSICAL_WORLD respectively, which
* will center coexistence coordinates to the middle of the canvas,
* aligned with the screen (image plate). A movement policy of
* VIRTUAL_WORLD centers coexistence coordinates to the
* middle of the screen.
*
* If coexistence centering is turned off, then canvases and screens can
* have arbitrary positions with respect to coexistence, set through the
* the Screen3D trackerBaseToImagePlate transform and the
* PhysicalEnvironment coexistenceToTrackerBase transform.
* These are calibration constants used for multiple fixed screen displays.
* For head mounted displays the transform is determined by the user head
* position along with calibration parameters found in Screen3D and
* PhysicalBody. (See the source code for the private method
* getEyesHMD for more information).
*
* With a monoscopic canvas the image plate transform is copied to the
* first argument and the second argument is not used. For a stereo
* canvas the first argument receives the left image plate transform, and
* if the second argument is non-null it receives the right image plate
* transform. These transforms are always the same unless a head mounted
* display driven by a single stereo canvas is in use.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D associated with the image plate
* @param coe2ipl the Transform3D to receive the left transform
* @param coe2ipr the Transform3D to receive the right transform, or null
*/
public void getCoexistenceToImagePlate(Canvas3D c3d,
Transform3D coe2ipl,
Transform3D coe2ipr) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getCoexistenceToImagePlate", false) ;
getCoexistenceToImagePlate(ci) ;
coe2ipl.set(ci.coeToPlate) ;
if (ci.useStereo && coe2ipr != null)
coe2ipr.set(ci.coeToRightPlate) ;
}
private void getCoexistenceToImagePlate(CanvasInfo ci) {
//
// This method will always set coeToRightPlate even if stereo is not
// in use. This is necessary so that getEyeToImagePlate() can handle
// a monoscopic view policy of CYCLOPEAN_EYE_VIEW (which averages the
// left and right eye positions) when the eyepoints are expressed in
// coexistence coordinates or are derived from the tracked head.
//
if (ci.updateCoeToPlate) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating CoeToPlate") ;
if (ci.coeToPlate == null) {
ci.coeToPlate = new Transform3D() ;
ci.coeToRightPlate = new Transform3D() ;
}
if (viewPolicy == View.HMD_VIEW) {
// Head mounted displays have their image plates fixed with
// respect to the head, so get the head position in
// coexistence.
ci.coeToPlate.mul(ci.si.headTrackerToLeftPlate,
coeToHeadTracker) ;
if (ci.useStereo)
// This is the only case in the view model in which the
// right plate transform could be different from the left.
ci.coeToRightPlate.mul(ci.si.headTrackerToRightPlate,
coeToHeadTracker) ;
else
ci.coeToRightPlate.set(ci.coeToPlate) ;
}
else if (coeCentering) {
// The default, for fixed single screen displays with no
// motion tracking. The transform is just a translation.
if (movementPolicy == View.PHYSICAL_WORLD)
// The default. Coexistence is centered in the window.
v3d.set(ci.canvasX + (ci.canvasWidth / 2.0),
ci.canvasY + (ci.canvasHeight / 2.0), 0.0) ;
else
// Coexistence is centered in the screen.
v3d.set(ci.si.screenWidth / 2.0,
ci.si.screenHeight / 2.0, 0.0) ;
ci.coeToPlate.set(v3d) ;
ci.coeToRightPlate.set(v3d) ;
}
else {
// Coexistence centering should be false for multiple fixed
// screens and/or motion tracking. trackerBaseToImagePlate
// and coexistenceToTrackerBase are used explicitly.
ci.coeToPlate.mul(ci.si.trackerBaseToPlate, coeToTrackerBase) ;
ci.coeToRightPlate.set(ci.coeToPlate) ;
}
ci.updateCoeToPlate = false ;
if (verbose) t3dPrint(ci.coeToPlate, "coeToPlate") ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the current transform from view platform coordinates to
* coexistence coordinates and copies it into the given transform. View
* platform coordinates are always aligned with coexistence coordinates
* but may differ in scale and in Y and Z offset. The scale is derived
* from the window resize and screen scale policies, while the offset is
* derived from the view attach policy.
*
* Java 3D constructs a view from the physical position of the eyes
* relative to the physical positions of the image plates; it then uses a
* view platform to position that physical configuration into the virtual
* world and from there computes the correct projections of the virtual
* world onto the physical image plates. Coexistence coordinates are used
* to place the physical positions of the view platform, eyes, head, image
* plate, sensors, and tracker base in relation to each other. The view
* platform is positioned with respect to the virtual world through the
* scene graph, so the view platform to coexistence transform defines the
* space in which the virtual world and physical world coexist.
*
* This method requires a Canvas3D. A different transform may be returned
* for each canvas in the view if any of the following apply:
*
* - The window resize policy is
PHYSICAL_WORLD, which
* alters the scale depending upon the width of the canvas.
*
*
- The screen scale policy is
SCALE_SCREEN_SIZE,
* which alters the scale depending upon the width of the screen
* associated with the canvas.
*
*
- A window eyepoint policy of
RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW
* with a view attach policy of NOMINAL_HEAD in effect,
* which sets the view platform Z offset in coexistence coordinates
* based on the width of the canvas. These are the default policies.
* The offset also follows the width of the canvas when the
* NOMINAL_FEET view attach policy is used.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @param vp2coe the Transform3D to receive the transform
*/
public void getViewPlatformToCoexistence(Canvas3D c3d,
Transform3D vp2coe) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache
(c3d, "getViewPlatformToCoexistence", false) ;
getViewPlatformToCoexistence(ci) ;
vp2coe.set(ci.viewPlatformToCoe) ;
}
private void getViewPlatformToCoexistence(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (!ci.updateViewPlatformToCoe) return ;
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating ViewPlatformToCoe") ;
if (ci.viewPlatformToCoe == null)
ci.viewPlatformToCoe = new Transform3D() ;
//
// The scale from view platform coordinates to coexistence coordinates
// has two components -- the screen scale and the window scale. The
// window scale only applies if the resize policy is PHYSICAL_WORLD.
//
// This scale is not the same as the vworld to view platform scale.
// The latter is contained in the view platform's localToVworld
// transform as defined by the scene graph. The complete scale factor
// from virtual units to physical units is the product of the vworld
// to view platform scale and the view platform to coexistence scale.
//
getScreenScale(ci) ;
if (resizePolicy == View.PHYSICAL_WORLD)
ci.viewPlatformToCoe.setScale(ci.screenScale * ci.windowScale) ;
else
ci.viewPlatformToCoe.setScale(ci.screenScale) ;
if (viewPolicy == View.HMD_VIEW) {
// In HMD mode view platform coordinates are the same as
// coexistence coordinates, except for scale.
ci.updateViewPlatformToCoe = false ;
return ;
}
//
// Otherwise, get the offset of the origin of view platform
// coordinates relative to the origin of coexistence. This is is
// specified by two policies: the view platform's view attach policy
// and the physical environment's coexistence center in pworld policy.
//
double eyeOffset ;
double eyeHeight = body.getNominalEyeHeightFromGround() ;
int viewAttachPolicy = view.getViewPlatform().getViewAttachPolicy() ;
int pworldAttachPolicy = env.getCoexistenceCenterInPworldPolicy() ;
if (eyePolicy == View.RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW)
// The view platform origin is the same as the eye position.
eyeOffset = ci.getFieldOfViewOffset() ;
else
// The view platform origin is independent of the eye position.
eyeOffset = body.getNominalEyeOffsetFromNominalScreen() ;
if (pworldAttachPolicy == View.NOMINAL_SCREEN) {
// The default. The physical coexistence origin locates the
// nominal screen. This is rarely, if ever, set to anything
// else, and the intended effects of the other settings are
// not well documented.
if (viewAttachPolicy == View.NOMINAL_HEAD) {
// The default. The view platform origin is at the origin
// of the nominal head in coexistence coordinates, offset
// from the screen along +Z. If the window eyepoint
// policy is RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW, then the eyepoint
// is the same as the view platform origin.
v3d.set(0.0, 0.0, eyeOffset) ;
}
else if (viewAttachPolicy == View.NOMINAL_SCREEN) {
// View platform and coexistence are the same except for
// scale.
v3d.set(0.0, 0.0, 0.0) ;
}
else {
// The view platform origin is at the ground beneath the
// head.
v3d.set(0.0, -eyeHeight, eyeOffset) ;
}
}
else if (pworldAttachPolicy == View.NOMINAL_HEAD) {
// The physical coexistence origin locates the nominal head.
if (viewAttachPolicy == View.NOMINAL_HEAD) {
// The view platform origin is set to the head;
// coexistence and view platform coordinates differ only
// in scale.
v3d.set(0.0, 0.0, 0.0) ;
}
else if (viewAttachPolicy == View.NOMINAL_SCREEN) {
// The view platform is set in front of the head, at the
// nominal screen location.
v3d.set(0.0, 0.0, -eyeOffset) ;
}
else {
// The view platform origin is at the ground beneath the
// head.
v3d.set(0.0, -eyeHeight, 0.0) ;
}
}
else {
// The physical coexistence origin locates the nominal feet.
if (viewAttachPolicy == View.NOMINAL_HEAD) {
v3d.set(0.0, eyeHeight, 0.0) ;
}
else if (viewAttachPolicy == View.NOMINAL_SCREEN) {
v3d.set(0.0, eyeHeight, -eyeOffset) ;
}
else {
v3d.set(0.0, 0.0, 0.0) ;
}
}
ci.viewPlatformToCoe.setTranslation(v3d) ;
ci.updateViewPlatformToCoe = false ;
if (verbose) t3dPrint(ci.viewPlatformToCoe, "vpToCoe") ;
}
/**
* Gets the current transform from coexistence coordinates to
* view platform coordinates and copies it into the given transform.
*
* This method requires a Canvas3D. The returned transform may differ
* across canvases for the same reasons as discussed in the description of
* getViewPlatformToCoexistence.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @param coe2vp the Transform3D to receive the transform
* @see #getViewPlatformToCoexistence
* getViewPlatformToCoexistence(Canvas3D, Transform3D)
*/
public void getCoexistenceToViewPlatform(Canvas3D c3d,
Transform3D coe2vp) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache
(c3d, "getCoexistenceToViewPlatform", false) ;
getCoexistenceToViewPlatform(ci) ;
coe2vp.set(ci.coeToViewPlatform) ;
}
private void getCoexistenceToViewPlatform(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updateCoeToViewPlatform) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating CoeToViewPlatform") ;
if (ci.coeToViewPlatform == null)
ci.coeToViewPlatform = new Transform3D() ;
getViewPlatformToCoexistence(ci) ;
ci.coeToViewPlatform.invert(ci.viewPlatformToCoe) ;
ci.updateCoeToViewPlatform = false ;
if (verbose) t3dPrint(ci.coeToViewPlatform, "coeToVp") ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the current transform from coexistence coordinates to virtual
* world coordinates and copies it into the given transform.
*
* The View must be attached to a ViewPlatform which is part of a live
* scene graph, and the ViewPlatform node must have its
* ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ capability set.
*
* This method requires a Canvas3D. The returned transform may differ
* across canvases for the same reasons as discussed in the description of
* getViewPlatformToCoexistence.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @param coe2vw the Transform3D to receive the transform
* @see #getViewPlatformToCoexistence
* getViewPlatformToCoexistence(Canvas3D, Transform3D)
*/
public void getCoexistenceToVworld(Canvas3D c3d,
Transform3D coe2vw) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getCoexistenceToVworld", true) ;
getCoexistenceToVworld(ci) ;
coe2vw.set(ci.coeToVworld) ;
}
private void getCoexistenceToVworld(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updateCoeToVworld) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating CoexistenceToVworld") ;
if (ci.coeToVworld == null) ci.coeToVworld = new Transform3D() ;
getCoexistenceToViewPlatform(ci) ;
ci.coeToVworld.mul(vpi.viewPlatformToVworld,
ci.coeToViewPlatform) ;
ci.updateCoeToVworld = false ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the transforms from eye coordinates to image plate coordinates and
* copies them into the Transform3Ds specified.
*
* When head tracking is used the eye positions are taken from the head
* position and set in relation to the image plates with each Screen3D's
* trackerBaseToImagePlate transform. Otherwise the window
* eyepoint policy is used to derive the eyepoint relative to the image
* plate. When using a head mounted display the eye position is
* determined solely by calibration constants in Screen3D and
* PhysicalBody; see the source code for the private method
* getEyesHMD for more information.
*
* Eye coordinates are always aligned with image plate coordinates, so
* these transforms are always just translations. With a monoscopic
* canvas the eye transform is copied to the first argument and the second
* argument is not used. For a stereo canvas the first argument receives
* the left eye transform, and if the second argument is non-null it
* receives the right eye transform.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D associated with the image plate
* @param e2ipl the Transform3D to receive left transform
* @param e2ipr the Transform3D to receive right transform, or null
*/
public void getEyeToImagePlate(Canvas3D c3d,
Transform3D e2ipl, Transform3D e2ipr) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getEyeToImagePlate", false) ;
getEyeToImagePlate(ci) ;
e2ipl.set(ci.eyeToPlate) ;
if (ci.useStereo && e2ipr != null)
e2ipr.set(ci.rightEyeToPlate) ;
}
private void getEyeToImagePlate(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updateEyeInPlate) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating EyeInPlate") ;
if (ci.eyeToPlate == null)
ci.eyeToPlate = new Transform3D() ;
if (viewPolicy == View.HMD_VIEW) {
getEyesHMD(ci) ;
}
else if (useTracking) {
getEyesTracked(ci) ;
}
else {
getEyesFixedScreen(ci) ;
}
ci.updateEyeInPlate = false ;
if (verbose) System.err.println("eyeInPlate: " + ci.eyeInPlate) ;
}
}
//
// Get physical eye positions for head mounted displays. These are
// determined solely by the headTrackerToImagePlate and headToHeadTracker
// calibration constants defined by Screen3D and the PhysicalBody.
//
// Note that headTrackerLeftToImagePlate and headTrackerToRightImagePlate
// should be set according to the *apparent* position and orientation of
// the image plates, relative to the head and head tracker, as viewed
// through the HMD optics. This is also true of the "physical" screen
// width and height specified by the Screen3D -- they should be the
// *apparent* width and height as viewed through the HMD optics. They
// must be set directly through the Screen3D methods; the default pixel
// metrics of 90 pixels/inch used by Java 3D aren't appropriate for HMD
// optics.
//
// Most HMDs have 100% overlap between the left and right displays; in
// that case, headTrackerToLeftImagePlate and headTrackerToRightImagePlate
// should be identical. The HMD manufacturer's specifications of the
// optics in terms of field of view, image overlap, and distance to the
// focal plane should be used to derive these parameters.
//
private void getEyesHMD(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.useStereo) {
// This case is for head mounted displays driven by a single
// stereo canvas on a single screen. These use a field sequential
// stereo signal to split the left and right images.
leftEye.set(leftEyeInHead) ;
headToHeadTracker.transform(leftEye) ;
ci.si.headTrackerToLeftPlate.transform(leftEye,
ci.eyeInPlate) ;
rightEye.set(rightEyeInHead) ;
headToHeadTracker.transform(rightEye) ;
ci.si.headTrackerToRightPlate.transform(rightEye,
ci.rightEyeInPlate) ;
if (ci.rightEyeToPlate == null)
ci.rightEyeToPlate = new Transform3D() ;
v3d.set(ci.rightEyeInPlate) ;
ci.rightEyeToPlate.set(v3d) ;
}
else {
// This case is for 2-channel head mounted displays driven by two
// monoscopic screens, one for each eye.
switch (ci.monoscopicPolicy) {
case View.LEFT_EYE_VIEW:
leftEye.set(leftEyeInHead) ;
headToHeadTracker.transform(leftEye) ;
ci.si.headTrackerToLeftPlate.transform(leftEye,
ci.eyeInPlate) ;
break ;
case View.RIGHT_EYE_VIEW:
rightEye.set(rightEyeInHead) ;
headToHeadTracker.transform(rightEye) ;
ci.si.headTrackerToRightPlate.transform(rightEye,
ci.eyeInPlate) ;
break ;
case View.CYCLOPEAN_EYE_VIEW:
default:
throw new IllegalStateException
("Illegal monoscopic view policy for 2-channel HMD") ;
}
}
v3d.set(ci.eyeInPlate) ;
ci.eyeToPlate.set(v3d) ;
}
private void getEyesTracked(CanvasInfo ci) {
leftEye.set(leftEyeInHead) ;
rightEye.set(rightEyeInHead) ;
headToTrackerBase.transform(leftEye) ;
headToTrackerBase.transform(rightEye) ;
if (coeCentering) {
// Coexistence and tracker base coordinates are the same.
// Centering is normally turned off for tracking.
getCoexistenceToImagePlate(ci) ;
ci.coeToPlate.transform(leftEye) ;
ci.coeToRightPlate.transform(rightEye) ;
}
else {
// The normal policy for head tracking.
ci.si.trackerBaseToPlate.transform(leftEye) ;
ci.si.trackerBaseToPlate.transform(rightEye) ;
}
setEyeScreenRelative(ci, leftEye, rightEye) ;
}
private void getEyesFixedScreen(CanvasInfo ci) {
switch (eyePolicy) {
case View.RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW:
double z = ci.getFieldOfViewOffset() ;
setEyeWindowRelative(ci, z, z) ;
break ;
case View.RELATIVE_TO_WINDOW:
setEyeWindowRelative(ci,
ci.leftManualEyeInPlate.z,
ci.rightManualEyeInPlate.z) ;
break ;
case View.RELATIVE_TO_SCREEN:
setEyeScreenRelative(ci,
ci.leftManualEyeInPlate,
ci.rightManualEyeInPlate) ;
break ;
case View.RELATIVE_TO_COEXISTENCE:
view.getLeftManualEyeInCoexistence(leftEye) ;
view.getRightManualEyeInCoexistence(rightEye) ;
getCoexistenceToImagePlate(ci) ;
ci.coeToPlate.transform(leftEye) ;
ci.coeToRightPlate.transform(rightEye) ;
setEyeScreenRelative(ci, leftEye, rightEye) ;
break ;
}
}
private void setEyeWindowRelative(CanvasInfo ci,
double leftZ, double rightZ) {
// Eye position X is offset from the window center.
double centerX = (ci.canvasX + (ci.canvasWidth / 2.0)) ;
leftEye.x = centerX + leftEyeInHead.x ;
rightEye.x = centerX + rightEyeInHead.x ;
// Eye position Y is always the canvas center.
leftEye.y = rightEye.y = ci.canvasY + (ci.canvasHeight / 2.0) ;
// Eye positions Z are as given.
leftEye.z = leftZ ;
rightEye.z = rightZ ;
setEyeScreenRelative(ci, leftEye, rightEye) ;
}
private void setEyeScreenRelative(CanvasInfo ci,
Point3d leftEye, Point3d rightEye) {
if (ci.useStereo) {
ci.eyeInPlate.set(leftEye) ;
ci.rightEyeInPlate.set(rightEye) ;
if (ci.rightEyeToPlate == null)
ci.rightEyeToPlate = new Transform3D() ;
v3d.set(ci.rightEyeInPlate) ;
ci.rightEyeToPlate.set(v3d) ;
}
else {
switch (ci.monoscopicPolicy) {
case View.CYCLOPEAN_EYE_VIEW:
ci.eyeInPlate.set((leftEye.x + rightEye.x) / 2.0,
(leftEye.y + rightEye.y) / 2.0,
(leftEye.z + rightEye.z) / 2.0) ;
break ;
case View.LEFT_EYE_VIEW:
ci.eyeInPlate.set(leftEye) ;
break ;
case View.RIGHT_EYE_VIEW:
ci.eyeInPlate.set(rightEye) ;
break ;
}
}
v3d.set(ci.eyeInPlate) ;
ci.eyeToPlate.set(v3d) ;
}
/**
* Gets the current transforms from eye coordinates to view platform
* coordinates and copies them into the given Transform3Ds.
*
* With a monoscopic canvas the eye transform is copied to the first
* argument and the second argument is not used. For a stereo canvas the
* first argument receives the left eye transform, and if the second
* argument is non-null it receives the right eye transform.
*
* This method requires a Canvas3D. When using a head mounted display,
* head tracking with fixed screens, or a window eyepoint policy of
* RELATIVE_TO_COEXISTENCE, then the transforms returned may
* be different for each canvas if stereo is not in use and they have
* different monoscopic view policies. They may additionally differ in
* scale across canvases with the PHYSICAL_WORLD window
* resize policy or the SCALE_SCREEN_SIZE screen scale
* policy, which alter the scale depending upon the width of the canvas or
* the width of the screen respectively.
*
* With window eyepoint policies of RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW,
* RELATIVE_TO_SCREEN, or RELATIVE_TO_WINDOW,
* then the transforms returned may differ across canvases due to
* the following additional conditions:
*
* - The window eyepoint policy is
RELATIVE_TO_WINDOW or
* RELATIVE_TO_SCREEN, in which case the manual eye
* position in image plate can be set differently for each
* canvas.
*
*
- The window eyepoint policy is
RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW
* and the view attach policy is NOMINAL_SCREEN, which
* decouples the view platform's canvas Z offset from the eyepoint's
* canvas Z offset.
*
*
- The eyepoint X and Y coordinates are centered in the canvas with a
* window eyepoint policy of
RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW
* or RELATIVE_TO_WINDOW, and a window movement policy
* of VIRTUAL_WORLD centers the view platform's X and Y
* coordinates to the middle of the screen.
*
*
- Coexistence centering is set false, which allows each canvas and
* screen to have a different position with respect to coexistence
* coordinates.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @param e2vpl the Transform3D to receive the left transform
* @param e2vpr the Transform3D to receive the right transform, or null
*/
public void getEyeToViewPlatform(Canvas3D c3d,
Transform3D e2vpl, Transform3D e2vpr) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getEyeToViewPlatform", false) ;
getEyeToViewPlatform(ci) ;
e2vpl.set(ci.eyeToViewPlatform) ;
if (ci.useStereo && e2vpr != null)
e2vpr.set(ci.rightEyeToViewPlatform) ;
}
private void getEyeToViewPlatform(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updateEyeToViewPlatform) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating EyeToViewPlatform") ;
if (ci.eyeToViewPlatform == null)
ci.eyeToViewPlatform = new Transform3D() ;
getEyeToImagePlate(ci) ;
getImagePlateToViewPlatform(ci) ;
ci.eyeToViewPlatform.mul(ci.plateToViewPlatform, ci.eyeToPlate) ;
if (ci.useStereo) {
if (ci.rightEyeToViewPlatform == null)
ci.rightEyeToViewPlatform = new Transform3D() ;
ci.rightEyeToViewPlatform.mul
(ci.rightPlateToViewPlatform, ci.rightEyeToPlate) ;
}
ci.updateEyeToViewPlatform = false ;
if (verbose) t3dPrint(ci.eyeToViewPlatform, "eyeToVp") ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the current transforms from view platform coordinates to eye
* coordinates and copies them into the given Transform3Ds.
*
* With a monoscopic canvas the eye transform is copied to the first
* argument and the second argument is not used. For a stereo canvas the
* first argument receives the left eye transform, and if the second
* argument is non-null it receives the right eye transform.
*
* This method requires a Canvas3D. The transforms returned may differ
* across canvases for all the same reasons discussed in the description
* of getEyeToViewPlatform.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @param vp2el the Transform3D to receive the left transform
* @param vp2er the Transform3D to receive the right transform, or null
* @see #getEyeToViewPlatform
* getEyeToViewPlatform(Canvas3D, Transform3D, Transform3D)
*/
public void getViewPlatformToEye(Canvas3D c3d,
Transform3D vp2el, Transform3D vp2er) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getViewPlatformToEye", false) ;
getViewPlatformToEye(ci) ;
vp2el.set(ci.viewPlatformToEye) ;
if (ci.useStereo && vp2er != null)
vp2er.set(ci.viewPlatformToRightEye) ;
}
private void getViewPlatformToEye(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updateViewPlatformToEye) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating ViewPlatformToEye") ;
if (ci.viewPlatformToEye == null)
ci.viewPlatformToEye = new Transform3D() ;
getEyeToViewPlatform(ci) ;
ci.viewPlatformToEye.invert(ci.eyeToViewPlatform) ;
if (ci.useStereo) {
if (ci.viewPlatformToRightEye == null)
ci.viewPlatformToRightEye = new Transform3D() ;
ci.viewPlatformToRightEye.invert(ci.rightEyeToViewPlatform) ;
}
ci.updateViewPlatformToEye = false ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the current transforms from eye coordinates to virtual world
* coordinates and copies them into the given Transform3Ds.
*
* With a monoscopic canvas the eye transform is copied to the first
* argument and the second argument is not used. For a stereo canvas the
* first argument receives the left eye transform, and if the second
* argument is non-null it receives the right eye transform.
*
* The View must be attached to a ViewPlatform which is part of a live
* scene graph, and the ViewPlatform node must have its
* ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ capability set.
*
* This method requires a Canvas3D. The transforms returned may differ
* across canvases for all the same reasons discussed in the description
* of getEyeToViewPlatform.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @param e2vwl the Transform3D to receive the left transform
* @param e2vwr the Transform3D to receive the right transform, or null
* @see #getEyeToViewPlatform
* getEyeToViewPlatform(Canvas3D, Transform3D, Transform3D)
*/
public void getEyeToVworld(Canvas3D c3d,
Transform3D e2vwl, Transform3D e2vwr) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getEyeToVworld", true) ;
getEyeToVworld(ci) ;
e2vwl.set(ci.eyeToVworld) ;
if (ci.useStereo && e2vwr != null)
e2vwr.set(ci.rightEyeToVworld) ;
}
private void getEyeToVworld(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updateEyeToVworld) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating EyeToVworld") ;
if (ci.eyeToVworld == null)
ci.eyeToVworld = new Transform3D() ;
getEyeToViewPlatform(ci) ;
ci.eyeToVworld.mul
(vpi.viewPlatformToVworld, ci.eyeToViewPlatform) ;
if (ci.useStereo) {
if (ci.rightEyeToVworld == null)
ci.rightEyeToVworld = new Transform3D() ;
ci.rightEyeToVworld.mul
(vpi.viewPlatformToVworld, ci.rightEyeToViewPlatform) ;
}
ci.updateEyeToVworld = false ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the transforms from eye coordinates to clipping coordinates
* and copies them into the given Transform3Ds. These transforms take
* a viewing volume bounded by the physical canvas edges and the
* physical front and back clip planes and project it into a range
* bound to [-1.0 .. +1.0] on each of the X, Y, and Z axes. If a
* perspective projection has been specified then the physical image
* plate eye location defines the apex of a viewing frustum;
* otherwise, the orientation of the image plate determines the
* direction of a parallel projection.
*
* With a monoscopic canvas the projection transform is copied to the
* first argument and the second argument is not used. For a stereo
* canvas the first argument receives the left projection transform,
* and if the second argument is non-null it receives the right
* projection transform.
*
* If either of the clip policies VIRTUAL_EYE or
* VIRTUAL_SCREEN are used, then the View should be attached
* to a ViewPlatform that is part of a live scene graph and that has its
* ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ capability set; otherwise, a
* scale factor of 1.0 will be used for the scale factor from virtual
* world units to view platform units.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @param e2ccl the Transform3D to receive left transform
* @param e2ccr the Transform3D to receive right transform, or null
*/
public void getProjection(Canvas3D c3d,
Transform3D e2ccl, Transform3D e2ccr) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getProjection", true) ;
getProjection(ci) ;
e2ccl.set(ci.projection) ;
if (ci.useStereo && e2ccr != null)
e2ccr.set(ci.rightProjection) ;
}
private void getProjection(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updateProjection) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating Projection") ;
if (ci.projection == null)
ci.projection = new Transform3D() ;
getEyeToImagePlate(ci) ;
getClipDistances(ci) ;
// Note: core Java 3D code insists that the back clip plane
// relative to the image plate must be the same left back clip
// distance for both the left and right eye. Not sure why this
// should be, but the same is done here for compatibility.
double backClip = getBackClip(ci, ci.eyeInPlate) ;
computeProjection(ci, ci.eyeInPlate,
getFrontClip(ci, ci.eyeInPlate),
backClip, ci.projection) ;
if (ci.useStereo) {
if (ci.rightProjection == null)
ci.rightProjection = new Transform3D() ;
computeProjection(ci, ci.rightEyeInPlate,
getFrontClip(ci, ci.rightEyeInPlate),
backClip, ci.rightProjection) ;
}
ci.updateProjection = false ;
if (verbose) t3dPrint(ci.projection, "projection") ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the transforms from clipping coordinates to eye coordinates
* and copies them into the given Transform3Ds. These transforms take
* the clip space volume bounded by the range [-1.0 .. + 1.0] on each
* of the X, Y, and Z and project it into eye coordinates.
*
* With a monoscopic canvas the projection transform is copied to the
* first argument and the second argument is not used. For a stereo
* canvas the first argument receives the left projection transform, and
* if the second argument is non-null it receives the right projection
* transform.
*
* If either of the clip policies VIRTUAL_EYE or
* VIRTUAL_SCREEN are used, then the View should be attached
* to a ViewPlatform that is part of a live scene graph and that has its
* ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ capability set; otherwise, a
* scale factor of 1.0 will be used for the scale factor from virtual
* world units to view platform units.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @param cc2el the Transform3D to receive left transform
* @param cc2er the Transform3D to receive right transform, or null
*/
public void getInverseProjection(Canvas3D c3d,
Transform3D cc2el, Transform3D cc2er) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getInverseProjection", true) ;
getInverseProjection(ci) ;
cc2el.set(ci.inverseProjection) ;
if (ci.useStereo && cc2er != null)
cc2er.set(ci.inverseRightProjection) ;
}
private void getInverseProjection(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updateInverseProjection) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating InverseProjection") ;
if (ci.inverseProjection == null)
ci.inverseProjection = new Transform3D() ;
getProjection(ci) ;
ci.inverseProjection.invert(ci.projection) ;
if (ci.useStereo) {
if (ci.inverseRightProjection == null)
ci.inverseRightProjection = new Transform3D() ;
ci.inverseRightProjection.invert(ci.rightProjection) ;
}
ci.updateInverseProjection = false ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the transforms from clipping coordinates to view platform
* coordinates and copies them into the given Transform3Ds. These
* transforms take the clip space volume bounded by the range
* [-1.0 .. +1.0] on each of the X, Y, and Z axes and project into
* the view platform coordinate system.
*
* With a monoscopic canvas the projection transform is copied to the
* first argument and the second argument is not used. For a stereo
* canvas the first argument receives the left projection transform, and
* if the second argument is non-null it receives the right projection
* transform.
*
* If either of the clip policies VIRTUAL_EYE or
* VIRTUAL_SCREEN are used, then the View should be attached
* to a ViewPlatform that is part of a live scene graph and that has its
* ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ capability set; otherwise, a
* scale factor of 1.0 will be used for the scale factor from virtual
* world units to view platform units.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @param cc2vpl the Transform3D to receive left transform
* @param cc2vpr the Transform3D to receive right transform, or null
*/
public void getInverseViewPlatformProjection(Canvas3D c3d,
Transform3D cc2vpl,
Transform3D cc2vpr) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache
(c3d, "getInverseViewPlatformProjection", true) ;
getInverseViewPlatformProjection(ci) ;
cc2vpl.set(ci.inverseViewPlatformProjection) ;
if (ci.useStereo & cc2vpr != null)
cc2vpr.set(ci.inverseViewPlatformRightProjection) ;
}
private void getInverseViewPlatformProjection(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updateInverseViewPlatformProjection) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating InverseVpProjection") ;
if (ci.inverseViewPlatformProjection == null)
ci.inverseViewPlatformProjection = new Transform3D() ;
getInverseProjection(ci) ;
getEyeToViewPlatform(ci) ;
ci.inverseViewPlatformProjection.mul
(ci.eyeToViewPlatform, ci.inverseProjection) ;
if (ci.useStereo) {
if (ci.inverseViewPlatformRightProjection == null)
ci.inverseViewPlatformRightProjection = new Transform3D() ;
ci.inverseViewPlatformRightProjection.mul
(ci.rightEyeToViewPlatform, ci.inverseRightProjection) ;
}
ci.updateInverseVworldProjection = false ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the transforms from clipping coordinates to virtual world
* coordinates and copies them into the given Transform3Ds. These
* transforms take the clip space volume bounded by the range
* [-1.0 .. +1.0] on each of the X, Y, and Z axes and project into
* the virtual world.
*
* With a monoscopic canvas the projection transform is copied to the
* first argument and the second argument is not used. For a stereo
* canvas the first argument receives the left projection transform, and
* if the second argument is non-null it receives the right projection
* transform.
*
* The View must be attached to a ViewPlatform which is part of a live
* scene graph, and the ViewPlatform node must have its
* ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ capability set.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @param cc2vwl the Transform3D to receive left transform
* @param cc2vwr the Transform3D to receive right transform, or null
*/
public void getInverseVworldProjection(Canvas3D c3d,
Transform3D cc2vwl,
Transform3D cc2vwr) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getInverseVworldProjection", true) ;
getInverseVworldProjection(ci) ;
cc2vwl.set(ci.inverseVworldProjection) ;
if (ci.useStereo & cc2vwr != null)
cc2vwr.set(ci.inverseVworldRightProjection) ;
}
private void getInverseVworldProjection(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updateInverseVworldProjection) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating InverseVwProjection") ;
if (ci.inverseVworldProjection == null)
ci.inverseVworldProjection = new Transform3D() ;
getInverseViewPlatformProjection(ci) ;
ci.inverseVworldProjection.mul
(vpi.viewPlatformToVworld, ci.inverseViewPlatformProjection) ;
if (ci.useStereo) {
if (ci.inverseVworldRightProjection == null)
ci.inverseVworldRightProjection = new Transform3D() ;
ci.inverseVworldRightProjection.mul
(vpi.viewPlatformToVworld,
ci.inverseViewPlatformRightProjection) ;
}
ci.updateInverseVworldProjection = false ;
}
}
//
// Compute a projection matrix from the given eye position in image plate,
// the front and back clip Z positions in image plate, and the current
// canvas position in image plate.
//
private void computeProjection(CanvasInfo ci, Point3d eye,
double front, double back, Transform3D p) {
// Convert everything to eye coordinates.
double lx = ci.canvasX - eye.x ; // left (low x)
double ly = ci.canvasY - eye.y ; // bottom (low y)
double hx = (ci.canvasX+ci.canvasWidth) - eye.x ; // right (high x)
double hy = (ci.canvasY+ci.canvasHeight) - eye.y ; // top (high y)
double nz = front - eye.z ; // front (near z)
double fz = back - eye.z ; // back (far z)
double iz = -eye.z ; // plate (image z)
if (projectionPolicy == View.PERSPECTIVE_PROJECTION)
computePerspectiveProjection(lx, ly, hx, hy, iz, nz, fz, m16d) ;
else
computeParallelProjection(lx, ly, hx, hy, nz, fz, m16d) ;
p.set(m16d) ;
}
//
// Compute a perspective projection from the given eye-space bounds.
//
private void computePerspectiveProjection(double lx, double ly,
double hx, double hy,
double iz, double nz,
double fz, double[] m) {
//
// We first derive the X and Y projection components without regard
// for Z scaling. The Z scaling or perspective depth is handled by
// matrix elements expressed solely in terms of the near and far clip
// planes.
//
// Since the eye is at the origin, the projector for any point V in
// eye space is just V. Any point along this ray can be expressed in
// parametric form as P = tV. To find the projection onto the plane
// containing the canvas, find t such that P.z = iz; ie, t = iz/V.z.
// The projection P is thus [V.x*iz/V.z, V.y*iz/V.z, iz].
//
// This projection can expressed as the following matrix equation:
//
// -iz 0 0 0 V.x
// 0 -iz 0 0 X V.y
// 0 0 -iz 0 V.z
// 0 0 -1 0 1 {matrix 1}
//
// where the matrix elements have been negated so that w is positive.
// This is mostly by convention, although some hardware won't handle
// clipping in the -w half-space.
//
// After the point has been projected to the image plate, the
// canvas bounds need to be mapped to the [-1..1] of Java 3D's
// clipping space. The scale factor for X is thus 2/(hx - lx); adding
// the translation results in (V.x - lx)(2/(hx - lx)) - 1, which after
// some algebra can be confirmed to the same as the following
// canonical scale/offset form:
//
// V.x*2/(hx - lx) - (hx + lx)/(hx - lx)
//
// Similarly for Y:
//
// V.y*2/(hy - ly) - (hy + ly)/(hy - ly)
//
// If we set idx = 1/(hx - lx) and idy = 1/(hy - ly), then we get:
//
// 2*V.x*idx - (hx + lx)idx
// 2*V.y*idy - (hy + ly)idy
//
// These scales and offsets are represented by the following matrix:
//
// 2*idx 0 0 -(hx + lx)*idx
// 0 2*idy 0 -(hy + ly)*idy
// 0 0 1 0
// 0 0 0 1 {matrix 2}
//
// The result after concatenating the projection transform
// ({matrix 2} X {matrix 1}):
//
// -2*iz*idx 0 (hx + lx)*idx 0
// 0 -2*iz*idy (hy + ly)*idy 0
// 0 0 -iz {a} 0 {b}
// 0 0 -1 0 {matrix 3}
//
// The Z scaling is handled by m[10] ("a") and m[11] ("b"), which must
// map the range [front..back] to [1..-1] in clipping space. If ze is
// the Z coordinate in eye space, and zc is the Z coordinate in
// clipping space after division by w, then from {matrix 3}:
//
// zc = (a*ze + b)/-ze = -(a + b/ze)
//
// We want this to map to +1 when ze is at the near clip plane, and
// to -1 when ze is at the far clip plane:
//
// -(a + b/nz) = +1
// -(a + b/fz) = -1
//
// Solving results in:
//
// a = -(nz + fz)/(nz - fz)
// b = (2*nz*fz)/(nz - fz).
//
// NOTE: this produces a perspective transform that has matrix
// components with a different scale than the matrix computed by the
// Java 3D core. They do in fact effect the equivalent clipping in 4D
// homogeneous coordinates and project to the same 3D Euclidean
// coordinates. m[14] is always -1 in our derivation above. If the
// matrix components produced by Java 3D core are divided by its value
// of -m[14], then both matrices are the same.
//
double idx = 1.0 / (hx - lx) ;
double idy = 1.0 / (hy - ly) ;
double idz = 1.0 / (nz - fz) ;
m[0] = -2.0 * iz * idx ;
m[5] = -2.0 * iz * idy ;
m[2] = (hx + lx) * idx ;
m[6] = (hy + ly) * idy ;
m[10] = -(nz + fz) * idz ;
m[11] = 2.0 * fz * nz * idz ;
m[14] = -1.0 ;
m[1] = m[3] = m[4] = m[7] = m[8] = m[9] = m[12] = m[13] = m[15] = 0.0 ;
}
//
// Compute a parallel projection from the given eye-space bounds.
//
private void computeParallelProjection(double lx, double ly,
double hx, double hy,
double nz, double fz, double[] m) {
//
// A parallel projection in eye space just involves scales and offsets
// with no w division. We can use {matrix 2} for the X and Y scales
// and offsets and then use a linear mapping of the front and back
// clip distances to the [1..-1] Z clip range.
//
double idx = 1.0 / (hx - lx) ;
double idy = 1.0 / (hy - ly) ;
double idz = 1.0 / (nz - fz) ;
m[0] = 2.0 * idx ;
m[5] = 2.0 * idy ;
m[10] = 2.0 * idz ;
m[3] = -(hx + lx) * idx ;
m[7] = -(hy + ly) * idy ;
m[11] = -(nz + fz) * idz ;
m[15] = 1.0 ;
m[1] = m[2] = m[4] = m[6] = m[8] = m[9] = m[12] = m[13] = m[14] = 0.0 ;
}
//
// Get front clip plane Z coordinate in image plate space.
//
private double getFrontClip(CanvasInfo ci, Point3d eye) {
if (frontClipPolicy == View.PHYSICAL_EYE ||
frontClipPolicy == View.VIRTUAL_EYE) {
return eye.z - ci.frontClipDistance ;
}
else {
return - ci.frontClipDistance ;
}
}
//
// Get back clip plane Z coordinate in image plate space.
//
private double getBackClip(CanvasInfo ci, Point3d eye) {
//
// Note: Clip node status is unavailable here. If a clip node is
// active in the scene graph, it should override the view's back
// clip plane.
//
if (backClipPolicy == View.PHYSICAL_EYE ||
backClipPolicy == View.VIRTUAL_EYE) {
return eye.z - ci.backClipDistance ;
}
else {
return -ci.backClipDistance ;
}
}
//
// Compute clip distance scale.
//
private double getClipScale(CanvasInfo ci, int clipPolicy) {
if (clipPolicy == View.VIRTUAL_EYE ||
clipPolicy == View.VIRTUAL_SCREEN) {
getScreenScale(ci) ;
if (resizePolicy == View.PHYSICAL_WORLD)
return vpi.vworldToViewPlatformScale * ci.screenScale *
ci.windowScale ;
else
return vpi.vworldToViewPlatformScale * ci.screenScale ;
}
else {
if (resizePolicy == View.PHYSICAL_WORLD)
return ci.windowScale ; // see below
else
return 1.0 ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the front clip distance scaled to physical meters. This is useful
* for ensuring that objects positioned relative to a physical coordinate
* system (such as eye, image plate, or coexistence) will be within the
* viewable Z depth. This distance will be relative to either the eye or
* the image plate depending upon the front clip policy.
*
* Note that this is not necessarily the clip distance as set by
* setFrontClipDistance, even when the front clip policy
* is PHYSICAL_SCREEN or PHYSICAL_EYE. If
* the window resize policy is PHYSICAL_WORLD, then physical
* clip distances as specified are in fact scaled by the ratio of the
* window width to the screen width. The Java 3D view model does this
* to prevent the physical clip planes from moving with respect to the
* virtual world when the window is resized.
*
* If either of the clip policies VIRTUAL_EYE or
* VIRTUAL_SCREEN are used, then the View should be attached
* to a ViewPlatform that is part of a live scene graph and that has its
* ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ capability set; otherwise, a
* scale factor of 1.0 will be used for the scale factor from virtual
* world units to view platform units.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @return the physical front clip distance
*/
public double getPhysicalFrontClipDistance(Canvas3D c3d) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache
(c3d, "getPhysicalFrontClipDistance", true) ;
getClipDistances(ci) ;
return ci.frontClipDistance ;
}
/**
* Gets the back clip distance scaled to physical meters. This is useful
* for ensuring that objects positioned relative to a physical coordinate
* system (such as eye, image plate, or coexistence) will be within the
* viewable Z depth. This distance will be relative to either the eye or
* the image plate depending upon the back clip policy.
*
* Note that this is not necessarily the clip distance as set by
* setBackClipDistance, even when the back clip policy
* is PHYSICAL_SCREEN or PHYSICAL_EYE. If
* the window resize policy is PHYSICAL_WORLD, then physical
* clip distances as specified are in fact scaled by the ratio of the
* window width to the screen width. The Java 3D view model does this
* to prevent the physical clip planes from moving with respect to the
* virtual world when the window is resized.
*
* If either of the clip policies VIRTUAL_EYE or
* VIRTUAL_SCREEN are used, then the View should be attached
* to a ViewPlatform that is part of a live scene graph and that has its
* ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ capability set; otherwise, a
* scale factor of 1.0 will be used for the scale factor from virtual
* world units to view platform units.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @return the physical back clip distance
*/
public double getPhysicalBackClipDistance(Canvas3D c3d) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getPhysicalBackClipDistance", true) ;
getClipDistances(ci) ;
return ci.backClipDistance ;
}
private void getClipDistances(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updateClipDistances) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating clip distances") ;
ci.frontClipDistance = view.getFrontClipDistance() *
getClipScale(ci, frontClipPolicy) ;
ci.backClipDistance = view.getBackClipDistance() *
getClipScale(ci, backClipPolicy) ;
ci.updateClipDistances = false ;
if (verbose) {
System.err.println
(" front clip distance " + ci.frontClipDistance) ;
System.err.println
(" back clip distance " + ci.backClipDistance) ;
}
}
}
private void getScreenScale(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updateScreenScale) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating screen scale") ;
if (scalePolicy == View.SCALE_SCREEN_SIZE)
ci.screenScale = ci.si.screenWidth / 2.0 ;
else
ci.screenScale = view.getScreenScale() ;
ci.updateScreenScale = false ;
if (verbose) System.err.println("screen scale " + ci.screenScale) ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the scale factor from physical meters to view platform units.
*
* This method requires a Canvas3D. A different scale may be returned
* for each canvas in the view if any of the following apply:
*
* - The window resize policy is
PHYSICAL_WORLD, which
* alters the scale depending upon the width of the canvas.
*
*
- The screen scale policy is
SCALE_SCREEN_SIZE,
* which alters the scale depending upon the width of the screen
* associated with the canvas.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @return the physical to view platform scale
*/
public double getPhysicalToViewPlatformScale(Canvas3D c3d) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache
(c3d, "getPhysicalToViewPlatformScale", false) ;
getPhysicalToViewPlatformScale(ci) ;
return ci.physicalToVpScale ;
}
private void getPhysicalToViewPlatformScale(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updatePhysicalToVpScale) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating PhysicalToVp scale") ;
getScreenScale(ci) ;
if (resizePolicy == View.PHYSICAL_WORLD)
ci.physicalToVpScale = 1.0/(ci.screenScale * ci.windowScale) ;
else
ci.physicalToVpScale = 1.0/ci.screenScale ;
ci.updatePhysicalToVpScale = false ;
if (verbose) System.err.println("PhysicalToVp scale " +
ci.physicalToVpScale) ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the scale factor from physical meters to virtual units.
*
* This method requires a Canvas3D. A different scale may be returned
* across canvases for the same reasons as discussed in the description of
* getPhysicalToViewPlatformScale.
*
* The View must be attached to a ViewPlatform which is part of a live
* scene graph, and the ViewPlatform node must have its
* ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ capability set.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @return the physical to virtual scale
* @see #getPhysicalToViewPlatformScale
* getPhysicalToViewPlatformScale(Canvas3D)
*/
public double getPhysicalToVirtualScale(Canvas3D c3d) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getPhysicalToVirtualScale", true) ;
getPhysicalToVirtualScale(ci) ;
return ci.physicalToVirtualScale ;
}
private void getPhysicalToVirtualScale(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updatePhysicalToVirtualScale) {
if (verbose)
System.err.println("updating PhysicalToVirtual scale") ;
getPhysicalToViewPlatformScale(ci) ;
ci.physicalToVirtualScale =
ci.physicalToVpScale / vpi.vworldToViewPlatformScale ;
ci.updatePhysicalToVirtualScale = false ;
if (verbose) System.err.println("PhysicalToVirtual scale " +
ci.physicalToVirtualScale) ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the width of the specified canvas scaled to physical meters. This
* is derived from the physical screen width as reported by the Screen3D
* associated with the canvas. If the screen width is not explicitly set
* using the setPhysicalScreenWidth method of Screen3D, then
* Java 3D will derive the screen width based on a screen resolution of 90
* pixels/inch.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @return the width of the canvas scaled to physical meters
*/
public double getPhysicalWidth(Canvas3D c3d) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getPhysicalWidth", false) ;
return ci.canvasWidth ;
}
/**
* Gets the height of the specified canvas scaled to physical meters. This
* is derived from the physical screen height as reported by the Screen3D
* associated with the canvas. If the screen height is not explicitly set
* using the setPhysicalScreenHeight method of Screen3D, then
* Java 3D will derive the screen height based on a screen resolution of 90
* pixels/inch.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @return the height of the canvas scaled to physical meters
*/
public double getPhysicalHeight(Canvas3D c3d) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getPhysicalHeight", false) ;
return ci.canvasHeight ;
}
/**
* Gets the location of the specified canvas relative to the image plate
* origin. This is derived from the physical screen parameters as
* reported by the Screen3D associated with the canvas. If the screen
* width and height are not explicitly set in Screen3D, then Java 3D will
* derive those screen parameters based on a screen resolution of 90
* pixels/inch.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @param location the output position, in meters, of the lower-left
* corner of the canvas relative to the image plate lower-left corner; Z
* is always 0.0
*/
public void getPhysicalLocation(Canvas3D c3d, Point3d location) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getPhysicalLocation", false) ;
location.set(ci.canvasX, ci.canvasY, 0.0) ;
}
/**
* Gets the location of the AWT pixel value and copies it into the
* specified Point3d.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @param x the X coordinate of the pixel relative to the upper-left
* corner of the canvas
* @param y the Y coordinate of the pixel relative to the upper-left
* corner of the canvas
* @param location the output position, in meters, relative to the
* lower-left corner of the image plate; Z is always 0.0
*/
public void getPixelLocationInImagePlate(Canvas3D c3d, int x, int y,
Point3d location) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache
(c3d, "getPixelLocationInImagePlate", false) ;
location.set(ci.canvasX + ((double)x * ci.si.metersPerPixelX),
ci.canvasY - ((double)y * ci.si.metersPerPixelY) +
ci.canvasHeight, 0.0) ;
}
/**
* Gets a read from the specified sensor and transforms it to virtual
* world coordinates. The View must be attached to a ViewPlatform which
* is part of a live scene graph, and the ViewPlatform node must have its
* ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ capability set.
*
* This method requires a Canvas3D. The returned transform may differ
* across canvases for the same reasons as discussed in the description of
* getViewPlatformToCoexistence.
*
* @param sensor the Sensor instance to read
* @param s2vw the output transform
* @see #getViewPlatformToCoexistence
* getViewPlatformToCoexistence(Canvas3D, Transform3D)
*/
public void getSensorToVworld(Canvas3D c3d,
Sensor sensor, Transform3D s2vw) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getSensorToVworld", true) ;
getTrackerBaseToVworld(ci) ;
sensor.getRead(s2vw) ;
s2vw.mul(ci.trackerBaseToVworld, s2vw) ;
}
/**
* Gets the transform from tracker base coordinates to view platform
* coordinates and copies it into the specified Transform3D.
*
* This method requires a Canvas3D. The returned transform may differ
* across canvases for the same reasons as discussed in the description of
* getViewPlatformToCoexistence.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @param tb2vp the output transform
* @see #getViewPlatformToCoexistence
* getViewPlatformToCoexistence(Canvas3D, Transform3D)
*/
public void getTrackerBaseToViewPlatform(Canvas3D c3d, Transform3D tb2vp) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache
(c3d, "getTrackerBaseToViewPlatform", false) ;
getTrackerBaseToViewPlatform(ci) ;
tb2vp.set(ci.trackerBaseToViewPlatform) ;
}
private void getTrackerBaseToViewPlatform(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updateTrackerBaseToViewPlatform) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating TrackerBaseToVp") ;
if (ci.trackerBaseToViewPlatform == null)
ci.trackerBaseToViewPlatform = new Transform3D() ;
getViewPlatformToCoexistence(ci) ;
ci.trackerBaseToViewPlatform.mul(coeToTrackerBase,
ci.viewPlatformToCoe) ;
ci.trackerBaseToViewPlatform.invert() ;
ci.updateTrackerBaseToViewPlatform = false ;
if (verbose) t3dPrint(ci.trackerBaseToViewPlatform,
"TrackerBaseToViewPlatform") ;
}
}
/**
* Gets the transform from tracker base coordinates to virtual world
* coordinates and copies it into the specified Transform3D. The View
* must be attached to a ViewPlatform which is part of a live scene graph,
* and the ViewPlatform node must have its
* ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ capability set.
*
* This method requires a Canvas3D. The returned transform may differ
* across canvases for the same reasons as discussed in the description of
* getViewPlatformToCoexistence.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to use
* @param tb2vw the output transform
* @see #getViewPlatformToCoexistence
* getViewPlatformToCoexistence(Canvas3D, Transform3D)
*/
public void getTrackerBaseToVworld(Canvas3D c3d, Transform3D tb2vw) {
CanvasInfo ci = updateCache(c3d, "getTrackerBaseToVworld", true) ;
getTrackerBaseToVworld(ci) ;
tb2vw.set(ci.trackerBaseToVworld) ;
}
private void getTrackerBaseToVworld(CanvasInfo ci) {
if (ci.updateTrackerBaseToVworld) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updating TrackerBaseToVworld") ;
if (ci.trackerBaseToVworld == null)
ci.trackerBaseToVworld = new Transform3D() ;
//
// We compute trackerBaseToViewPlatform and compose with
// viewPlatformToVworld instead of computing imagePlateToVworld
// and composing with trackerBaseToImagePlate. That way it works
// with HMD and avoids the issue of choosing the left image plate
// or right image plate transform.
//
getTrackerBaseToViewPlatform(ci) ;
ci.trackerBaseToVworld.mul(vpi.viewPlatformToVworld,
ci.trackerBaseToViewPlatform) ;
ci.updateTrackerBaseToVworld = false ;
}
}
/**
* Release all static memory references held by ViewInfo, if any. These
* are the Screen3D and ViewPlatform maps shared by all existing ViewInfo
* instances if they're not provided by a constructor. Releasing the
* screen references effectively releases all canvas references in all
* ViewInfo instances as well.
*
* It is safe to continue using existing ViewInfo instances after calling
* this method; the data in the released maps will be re-derived as
* needed.
*/
public static synchronized void clear() {
Iterator i = staticVpMap.values().iterator() ;
while (i.hasNext()) ((ViewPlatformInfo)i.next()).clear() ;
staticVpMap.clear() ;
i = staticSiMap.values().iterator() ;
while (i.hasNext()) ((ScreenInfo)i.next()).clear() ;
staticSiMap.clear() ;
}
/**
* Arrange for an update of cached screen parameters. If automatic update
* has not been enabled, then this method should be called if any of the
* attributes of the Screen3D have changed. This method should also be
* called if the screen changes pixel resolution.
*
* @param s3d the Screen3D to update
*/
public void updateScreen(Screen3D s3d) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updateScreen") ;
ScreenInfo si = (ScreenInfo)screenMap.get(s3d) ;
if (si != null) si.updateScreen = true ;
}
/**
* Arrange for an update of cached canvas parameters. If automatic update
* has not been enabled, then this method should be called if any of the
* attributes of the Canvas3D have changed. These attributes include the
* canvas position and size, but do not include the attributes of
* the associated Screen3D, which are cached separately.
*
* @param c3d the Canvas3D to update
*/
public void updateCanvas(Canvas3D c3d) {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updateCanvas") ;
CanvasInfo ci = (CanvasInfo)canvasMap.get(c3d) ;
if (ci != null) ci.updateCanvas = true ;
}
/**
* Arrange for an update of cached view parameters. If automatic update
* has not been enabled for the View, then this method should be called if
* any of the attributes of the View associated with this object have
* changed.
*
* These do not include the attributes of the existing Canvas3D or
* Screen3D components of the View, but do include the attributes of all
* other components such as the PhysicalEnvironment and PhysicalBody, and
* all attributes of the attached ViewPlatform except for its
* localToVworld transform. The screen and canvas components
* as well as the ViewPlatform's localToVworld are cached
* separately.
*
* This method should also be called if the ViewPlatform is replaced with
* another using the View's attachViewPlatform method, or if
* any of the setCanvas3D, addCanvas3D,
* insertCanvas3D, removeCanvas3D, or
* removeAllCanvas3Ds methods of View are called to change
* the View's canvas list.
*
* Calling this method causes most transforms to be re-derived. It should
* be used only when necessary.
*/
public void updateView() {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updateView") ;
this.updateView = true ;
}
/**
* Arrange for an update of the cached head position if head tracking is
* enabled. If automatic update has not enabled for the head position,
* then this method should be called anytime a new head position is to be
* read.
*/
public void updateHead() {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updateHead") ;
this.updateHead = true ;
}
/**
* Arrange for an update of the cached localToVworld
* transform of the view platform. If automatic update has not been
* enabled for this transform, then this method should be called anytime
* the view platform has been repositioned in the virtual world and a
* transform involving virtual world coordinates is desired.
*
* The View must be attached to a ViewPlatform which is part of a live
* scene graph, and the ViewPlatform node must have its
* ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ capability set.
*/
public void updateViewPlatform() {
if (verbose) System.err.println("updateViewPlatform") ;
vpi.updateViewPlatformToVworld = true ;
}
//
// Set cache update bits based on auto update flags.
// VIEW_AUTO_UPDATE is handled in updateCache().
//
private void getAutoUpdate(CanvasInfo ci) {
if ((autoUpdateFlags & SCREEN_AUTO_UPDATE) != 0)
ci.si.updateScreen = true ;
if ((autoUpdateFlags & CANVAS_AUTO_UPDATE) != 0)
ci.updateCanvas = true ;
if ((autoUpdateFlags & PLATFORM_AUTO_UPDATE) != 0)
vpi.updateViewPlatformToVworld = true ;
if ((autoUpdateFlags & HEAD_AUTO_UPDATE) != 0)
this.updateHead = true ;
}
//
// Update any changed cached data. This takes a Canvas3D instance. The
// cache mechanism could have used a Canvas3D index into the View instead,
// but the direct reference is probably more convenient for applications.
//
private CanvasInfo updateCache(Canvas3D c3d, String name, boolean vworld) {
if (verbose) {
System.err.println("updateCache: " + name + " in " + hashCode()) ;
System.err.println(" canvas " + c3d.hashCode()) ;
}
// The View may have had Canvas3D instances added or removed, or may
// have been attached to a different ViewPlatform, so update the view
// before anything else.
if (updateView || (autoUpdateFlags & VIEW_AUTO_UPDATE) != 0)
getViewInfo() ;
// Now get the CanvasInfo to update.
CanvasInfo ci = (CanvasInfo)canvasMap.get(c3d) ;
if (ci == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"Specified Canvas3D is not a component of the View") ;
// Check rest of autoUpdateFlags.
if (autoUpdate) getAutoUpdate(ci) ;
// Update the screen, canvas, view platform, and head caches.
if (ci.si.updateScreen)
ci.si.getScreenInfo() ;
if (ci.updateCanvas)
ci.getCanvasInfo() ;
if (vworld && vpi.updateViewPlatformToVworld)
vpi.getViewPlatformToVworld() ;
if (useTracking && updateHead)
getHeadInfo() ;
// Return the CanvasInfo instance.
return ci ;
}
//
// Get physical view parameters and derived data. This is a fairly
// heavyweight method -- everything gets marked for update since we don't
// currently track changes in individual view attributes. Fortunately
// there shouldn't be a need to call it very often.
//
private void getViewInfo() {
if (verbose) System.err.println(" getViewInfo") ;
// Check if an update of the Canvas3D collection is needed.
if (this.canvasCount != view.numCanvas3Ds()) {
this.canvasCount = view.numCanvas3Ds() ;
getCanvases() ;
}
else {
for (int i = 0 ; i < canvasCount ; i++) {
if (canvasMap.get(view.getCanvas3D(i)) != canvasInfo[i]) {
getCanvases() ;
break ;
}
}
}
// Update the ViewPlatform.
getViewPlatform() ;
// Update the PhysicalBody and PhysicalEnvironment.
this.body = view.getPhysicalBody() ;
this.env = view.getPhysicalEnvironment() ;
// Use the result of the possibly overridden method useHeadTracking()
// to determine if head tracking is to be used within ViewInfo.
this.useTracking = useHeadTracking() ;
// Get the head tracker only if really available.
if (view.getTrackingEnable() && env.getTrackingAvailable()) {
int headIndex = env.getHeadIndex() ;
this.headTracker = env.getSensor(headIndex) ;
}
// Get the new policies and update data derived from them.
this.viewPolicy = view.getViewPolicy() ;
this.projectionPolicy = view.getProjectionPolicy() ;
this.resizePolicy = view.getWindowResizePolicy() ;
this.movementPolicy = view.getWindowMovementPolicy() ;
this.eyePolicy = view.getWindowEyepointPolicy() ;
this.scalePolicy = view.getScreenScalePolicy() ;
this.backClipPolicy = view.getBackClipPolicy() ;
this.frontClipPolicy = view.getFrontClipPolicy() ;
if (useTracking || viewPolicy == View.HMD_VIEW) {
if (this.headToHeadTracker == null)
this.headToHeadTracker = new Transform3D() ;
if (this.headTrackerToTrackerBase == null)
this.headTrackerToTrackerBase = new Transform3D() ;
if (viewPolicy == View.HMD_VIEW) {
if (this.trackerBaseToHeadTracker == null)
this.trackerBaseToHeadTracker = new Transform3D() ;
if (this.coeToHeadTracker == null)
this.coeToHeadTracker = new Transform3D() ;
}
else {
if (this.headToTrackerBase == null)
this.headToTrackerBase = new Transform3D() ;
}
body.getLeftEyePosition(this.leftEyeInHead) ;
body.getRightEyePosition(this.rightEyeInHead) ;
body.getHeadToHeadTracker(this.headToHeadTracker) ;
if (verbose) {
System.err.println(" leftEyeInHead " + leftEyeInHead) ;
System.err.println(" rightEyeInHead " + rightEyeInHead) ;
t3dPrint(headToHeadTracker, " headToHeadTracker") ;
}
}
if (eyePolicy == View.RELATIVE_TO_WINDOW ||
eyePolicy == View.RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW) {
body.getLeftEyePosition(this.leftEyeInHead) ;
body.getRightEyePosition(this.rightEyeInHead) ;
if (verbose) {
System.err.println(" leftEyeInHead " + leftEyeInHead) ;
System.err.println(" rightEyeInHead " + rightEyeInHead) ;
}
}
if ((env.getCoexistenceCenterInPworldPolicy() !=
View.NOMINAL_SCREEN) || (viewPolicy == View.HMD_VIEW))
this.coeCentering = false ;
else
this.coeCentering = view.getCoexistenceCenteringEnable() ;
if (!coeCentering || useTracking) {
if (this.coeToTrackerBase == null)
this.coeToTrackerBase = new Transform3D() ;
env.getCoexistenceToTrackerBase(this.coeToTrackerBase) ;
if (verbose) t3dPrint(coeToTrackerBase, " coeToTrackerBase") ;
}
if (backClipPolicy == View.VIRTUAL_EYE ||
backClipPolicy == View.VIRTUAL_SCREEN ||
frontClipPolicy == View.VIRTUAL_EYE ||
frontClipPolicy == View.VIRTUAL_SCREEN) {
this.clipVirtual = true ;
}
else {
this.clipVirtual = false ;
}
// Propagate view updates to each canvas.
for (int i = 0 ; i < canvasCount ; i++)
this.canvasInfo[i].updateViewDependencies() ;
this.updateView = false ;
if (verbose) {
System.err.println(" tracking " + useTracking) ;
System.err.println(" coeCentering " + coeCentering) ;
System.err.println(" clipVirtual " + clipVirtual) ;
}
}
//
// Each view can have multiple canvases, each with an associated screen.
// Each canvas is associated with only one view. Each screen can have
// multiple canvases that are used across multiple views. We rebuild the
// canvas info instead of trying to figure out what canvases have been
// added or removed from the view.
//
private void getCanvases() {
if (this.canvasInfo.length < canvasCount) {
this.canvasInfo = new CanvasInfo[canvasCount] ;
}
for (int i = 0 ; i < canvasCount ; i++) {
Canvas3D c3d = view.getCanvas3D(i) ;
Screen3D s3d = c3d.getScreen3D() ;
// Check if we have a new screen.
ScreenInfo si = (ScreenInfo)screenMap.get(s3d) ;
if (si == null) {
si = new ScreenInfo(s3d, c3d.getGraphicsConfiguration()) ;
screenMap.put(s3d, si) ;
}
// Check to see if we've encountered the screen so far in this
// loop over the view's canvases. If not, clear the screen's list
// of canvases for this ViewInfo.
if (newSet.add(si)) si.clear(this) ;
// Check if this is a new canvas.
CanvasInfo ci = (CanvasInfo)canvasMap.get(c3d) ;
if (ci == null) ci = new CanvasInfo(c3d, si) ;
// Add this canvas to the screen's list for this ViewInfo.
si.addCanvasInfo(this, ci) ;
// Add this canvas to the new canvas map and canvas array.
this.newMap.put(c3d, ci) ;
this.canvasInfo[i] = ci ;
}
// Null out old references if canvas count shrinks.
for (int i = canvasCount ; i < canvasInfo.length ; i++)
this.canvasInfo[i] = null ;
// Update the CanvasInfo map.
Map tmp = canvasMap ;
this.canvasMap = newMap ;
this.newMap = tmp ;
// Clear the temporary collections.
this.newMap.clear() ;
this.newSet.clear() ;
}
//
// Force the creation of new CanvasInfo instances. This is called when a
// screen is removed from the screen map.
//
private void clearCanvases() {
this.canvasCount = 0 ;
this.canvasMap.clear() ;
this.updateView = true ;
}
//
// Update the view platform. Each view can be attached to only one, but
// each view platform can have many views attached.
//
private void getViewPlatform() {
ViewPlatform vp = view.getViewPlatform() ;
if (vp == null)
throw new IllegalStateException
("The View must be attached to a ViewPlatform") ;
ViewPlatformInfo tmpVpi =
(ViewPlatformInfo)viewPlatformMap.get(vp) ;
if (tmpVpi == null) {
// We haven't encountered this ViewPlatform before.
tmpVpi = new ViewPlatformInfo(vp) ;
viewPlatformMap.put(vp, tmpVpi) ;
}
if (this.vpi != tmpVpi) {
// ViewPlatform has changed. Could set an update flag here if it
// would be used, but updating the view updates everything anyway.
if (this.vpi != null) {
// Remove this ViewInfo from the list of Views attached to the
// old ViewPlatform.
this.vpi.removeViewInfo(this) ;
}
this.vpi = tmpVpi ;
this.vpi.addViewInfo(this) ;
// updateViewPlatformToVworld is initially set false since the
// capability to read the vworld transform may not be
// available. If it is, set it here.
if (vp.getCapability(Node.ALLOW_LOCAL_TO_VWORLD_READ)) {
this.vpi.updateViewPlatformToVworld = true ;
if (verbose) System.err.println(" vworld read allowed") ;
} else
if (verbose) System.err.println(" vworld read disallowed") ;
}
}
//
// Force the creation of a new ViewPlatformInfo when a view platform is
// removed from the view platform map.
//
private void clearViewPlatform() {
this.updateView = true ;
}
//
// Update vworld dependencies for this ViewInfo -- called by
// ViewPlatformInfo.getViewPlatformToVworld().
//
private void updateVworldDependencies() {
for (int i = 0 ; i < canvasCount ; i++)
this.canvasInfo[i].updateVworldDependencies() ;
}
/**
* Returns a reference to a Transform3D containing the current transform
* from head tracker coordinates to tracker base coordinates. It is only
* called if useHeadTracking returns true and a head position
* update is specified with updateHead or the
* HEAD_AUTO_UPDATE constructor flag.
*
* The default implementation uses the head tracking sensor specified by
* the View's PhysicalEnvironment, and reads it by calling the sensor's
* getRead method directly. The result is a sensor reading
* that may have been taken at a slightly different time from the one used
* by the renderer. This method can be overridden to synchronize the two
* readings through an external mechanism.
*
* @return current head tracker to tracker base transform
* @see #useHeadTracking
* @see #updateHead
* @see #HEAD_AUTO_UPDATE
*/
protected Transform3D getHeadTrackerToTrackerBase() {
headTracker.getRead(this.headTrackerToTrackerBase) ;
return this.headTrackerToTrackerBase ;
}
/**
* Returns true if head tracking should be used.
*
* The default implementation returns true if the View's
* getTrackingEnable method and the PhysicalEnvironment's
* getTrackingAvailable method both return true.
* These are the same conditions under which the Java 3D renderer uses
* head tracking. This method can be overridden if there is any need to
* decouple the head tracking status of ViewInfo from the renderer.
*
* @return true if ViewInfo should use head tracking
*/
protected boolean useHeadTracking() {
return view.getTrackingEnable() && env.getTrackingAvailable() ;
}
//
// Cache the current tracked head position and derived data.
//
private void getHeadInfo() {
if (verbose) System.err.println(" getHeadInfo") ;
this.headTrackerToTrackerBase = getHeadTrackerToTrackerBase() ;
if (viewPolicy == View.HMD_VIEW) {
this.trackerBaseToHeadTracker.invert(headTrackerToTrackerBase) ;
this.coeToHeadTracker.mul(trackerBaseToHeadTracker,
coeToTrackerBase) ;
}
else {
this.headToTrackerBase.mul(headTrackerToTrackerBase,
headToHeadTracker) ;
}
for (int i = 0 ; i < canvasCount ; i++)
this.canvasInfo[i].updateHeadDependencies() ;
this.updateHead = false ;
//
// The head position used by the Java 3D renderer isn't accessible
// in the public API. A head tracker generates continuous data, so
// getting the same sensor read as the renderer is unlikely.
//
// Possible workaround: for fixed screens, get the Java 3D
// renderer's version of plateToVworld and headToVworld by calling
// Canvas3D.getImagePlateToVworld() and View.getUserHeadToVworld().
// Although the vworld components will have frame latency, they can
// be cancelled out by inverting the former transform and
// multiplying by the latter, resulting in userHeadToImagePlate,
// which can then be transformed to tracker base coordinates.
//
// For head mounted displays, the head to image plate transforms are
// just calibration constants, so they're of no use. There are more
// involved workarounds possible, but one that may work for both fixed
// screens and HMD is to define a SensorInterposer class that extends
// Sensor. Take the View's head tracking sensor, use it to construct
// a SensorInterposer, and then replace the head tracking sensor with
// the SensorInterposer. SensorInterposer can then override the
// getRead() methods and thus control what the Java 3D renderer gets.
// getHeadTrackerToTrackerBase() is a protected method in ViewInfo
// which can be overridden to call a variant of getRead() so that
// calls from ViewInfo and from the renderer can be distinguished.
//
// Even if getting the same head position as used by the renderer is
// achieved, tracked eye space interactions with objects in the
// virtual world still can't be synchronized with rendering. This
// means that objects in the virtual world cannot be made to appear in
// a fixed position relative to the tracked head position without a
// frame lag between them.
//
// The reason for this is that the tracked head position used by the
// Java 3D renderer is updated asynchronously from scene graph
// updates. This is done to reduce latency between the user's
// position and the rendered image, which is directly related to the
// quality of the immersive virtual reality experience. So while an
// update to the scene graph may have a frame latency before it gets
// rendered, a change to the user's tracked position is always
// reflected in the current frame.
//
// This problem can't be fixed without eliminating the frame latency
// in the Java 3D internal state, although there are possible
// workarounds at the expense of increased user position latency.
// These involve disabling tracking, reading the head sensor directly,
// performing whatever eye space interactions are necessary with the
// virtual world (using the view platform's current localToVworld),
// and then propagating the head position change to the renderer
// manually through a behavior post mechanism that delays it by a
// frame.
//
// For example, with head tracking in a fixed screen environment (such
// as a CAVE), disable Java 3D head tracking and set the View's window
// eyepoint policy to RELATIVE_TO_COEXISTENCE. Read the sensor to get
// the head position relative to the tracker base, transform it to
// coexistence coordinates using the inverse of the value of the
// coexistenceToTrackerBase transform, and then set the eye positions
// manually with the View's set{Left,Right}ManualEyeInCoexistence
// methods. If these method calls are delayed through a behavior post
// mechanism, then they will be synchronized with the rendering of the
// scene graph updates.
//
// With a head mounted display the sensor can be read directly to get
// the head position relative to the tracker base. If Java 3D's head
// tracking is disabled, it uses identity for the current
// headTrackerToTrackerBase transform. It concatenates its inverse,
// trackerBaseToHeadTracker, with coexistenceToTrackerBase to get the
// image plate positions in coexistence; the former transform is
// inaccessible, but the latter can be set through the
// PhysicalEnvironment. So the workaround is to maintain a local copy
// with the real value of coexistenceToTrackerBase, but set the
// PhysicalEnvironment copy to the product of the real value and the
// trackerBaseToHeadTracker inverted from the sensor read. Like the
// CAVE example, this update to the View would have to be delayed in
// order to synchronize with scene graph updates.
//
// Another possibility is to put the Java 3D view model in
// compatibility mode, where it accepts vpcToEye and eyeToCc
// (projection) directly. The various view attributes can still be
// set and accessed, but will be ignored by the Java 3D view model.
// The ViewInfo methods can be used to compute the view and projection
// matrices, which can then be delayed to synchronize with the scene
// graph.
//
// Note that these workarounds could be used to make view-dependent
// scene graph updates consistent, but they still can't do anything
// about synchronizing the actual physical position of the user with
// the rendered images. That requires zero latency between position
// update and scene graph state.
//
// Still another possibility: extrapolate the position of the user
// into the next few frames from a sample of recently recorded
// positions. Unfortunately, that is also a very hard problem. The
// Java 3D Sensor API is designed to support prediction but it was
// never realized successfully in the sample implementation.
}
//
// A per-screen cache, shared between ViewInfo instances. In the Java 3D
// view model a single screen can be associated with multiple canvas
// and view instances.
//
private static class ScreenInfo {
private Screen3D s3d = null ;
private GraphicsConfiguration graphicsConfiguration = null ;
private boolean updateScreen = true ;
private Map viewInfoMap = new HashMap() ;
private List viewInfoList = new LinkedList() ;
private Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D() ;
private double screenWidth = 0.0 ;
private double screenHeight = 0.0 ;
private boolean updateScreenSize = true ;
private Rectangle screenBounds = null ;
private double metersPerPixelX = 0.0 ;
private double metersPerPixelY = 0.0 ;
private boolean updatePixelSize = true ;
// These transforms are pre-allocated here since they are required by
// some view policies and we don't know what views this screen will be
// attached to. Their default identity values are used if not
// explicitly set. TODO: allocate if needed in getCanvasInfo(), where
// view information will be available.
private Transform3D trackerBaseToPlate = new Transform3D() ;
private Transform3D headTrackerToLeftPlate = new Transform3D() ;
private Transform3D headTrackerToRightPlate = new Transform3D() ;
private boolean updateTrackerBaseToPlate = false ;
private boolean updateHeadTrackerToPlate = false ;
private ScreenInfo(Screen3D s3d, GraphicsConfiguration gc) {
this.s3d = s3d ;
this.graphicsConfiguration = gc ;
if (verbose)
System.err.println(" ScreenInfo: init " + s3d.hashCode()) ;
}
private List getCanvasList(ViewInfo vi) {
List canvasList = (List)viewInfoMap.get(vi) ;
if (canvasList == null) {
canvasList = new LinkedList() ;
viewInfoMap.put(vi, canvasList) ;
viewInfoList.add(canvasList) ;
}
return canvasList ;
}
private synchronized void clear(ViewInfo vi) {
getCanvasList(vi).clear() ;
}
private synchronized void clear() {
Iterator i = viewInfoMap.keySet().iterator() ;
while (i.hasNext()) ((ViewInfo)i.next()).clearCanvases() ;
viewInfoMap.clear() ;
i = viewInfoList.iterator() ;
while (i.hasNext()) ((List)i.next()).clear() ;
viewInfoList.clear() ;
}
private synchronized void addCanvasInfo(ViewInfo vi, CanvasInfo ci) {
getCanvasList(vi).add(ci) ;
}
//
// Get all relevant screen information, find out what changed, and
// flag derived data. With normal use it's unlikely that any of the
// Screen3D attributes will change after the first time this method is
// called. It's possible that the screen resolution changed or some
// sort of interactive screen calibration is in process.
//
private synchronized void getScreenInfo() {
if (verbose)
System.err.println(" getScreenInfo " + s3d.hashCode());
// This is used for positioning screens in relation to each other
// and must be accurate for good results with multi-screen
// displays. By default the coexistence to tracker base transform
// is identity so in that case this transform will also set the
// image plate in coexistence coordinates.
s3d.getTrackerBaseToImagePlate(t3d) ;
if (! t3d.equals(trackerBaseToPlate)) {
this.trackerBaseToPlate.set(t3d) ;
this.updateTrackerBaseToPlate = true ;
if (verbose) t3dPrint(trackerBaseToPlate,
" trackerBaseToPlate") ;
}
// This transform and the following are used for head mounted
// displays. They should be based on the *apparent* position of
// the screens as viewed through the HMD optics.
s3d.getHeadTrackerToLeftImagePlate(t3d) ;
if (! t3d.equals(headTrackerToLeftPlate)) {
this.headTrackerToLeftPlate.set(t3d) ;
this.updateHeadTrackerToPlate = true ;
if (verbose) t3dPrint(headTrackerToLeftPlate,
" headTrackerToLeftPlate") ;
}
s3d.getHeadTrackerToRightImagePlate(t3d) ;
if (! t3d.equals(headTrackerToRightPlate)) {
this.headTrackerToRightPlate.set(t3d) ;
this.updateHeadTrackerToPlate = true ;
if (verbose) t3dPrint(headTrackerToRightPlate,
" headTrackerToRightPlate") ;
}
// If the screen width and height in meters are not explicitly set
// through the Screen3D, then the Screen3D will assume a pixel
// resolution of 90 pixels/inch and compute the dimensions from
// the screen resolution. These dimensions should be measured
// accurately for multi-screen displays. For HMD, these
// dimensions should be the *apparent* width and height as viewed
// through the HMD optics.
double w = s3d.getPhysicalScreenWidth() ;
double h = s3d.getPhysicalScreenHeight();
if (w != screenWidth || h != screenHeight) {
this.screenWidth = w ;
this.screenHeight = h ;
this.updateScreenSize = true ;
if (verbose) {
System.err.println(" screen width " + screenWidth) ;
System.err.println(" screen height " + screenHeight) ;
}
}
GraphicsConfiguration gc1 = graphicsConfiguration;
// Workaround for Issue 316 - use the default config for screen 0
// if the graphics config is null
if (gc1 == null) {
gc1 = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment().
getDefaultScreenDevice().getDefaultConfiguration();
}
this.screenBounds = gc1.getBounds() ;
double mpx = screenWidth / (double)screenBounds.width ;
double mpy = screenHeight / (double)screenBounds.height ;
if ((mpx != metersPerPixelX) || (mpy != metersPerPixelY)) {
this.metersPerPixelX = mpx ;
this.metersPerPixelY = mpy ;
this.updatePixelSize = true ;
if (verbose) {
System.err.println(" screen bounds " + screenBounds) ;
System.err.println(" pixel size X " + metersPerPixelX) ;
System.err.println(" pixel size Y " + metersPerPixelY) ;
}
}
// Propagate screen updates to each canvas in each ViewInfo.
Iterator vi = viewInfoList.iterator() ;
while (vi.hasNext()) {
Iterator ci = ((List)vi.next()).iterator() ;
while (ci.hasNext())
((CanvasInfo)ci.next()).updateScreenDependencies() ;
}
this.updateTrackerBaseToPlate = false ;
this.updateHeadTrackerToPlate = false ;
this.updateScreenSize = false ;
this.updatePixelSize = false ;
this.updateScreen = false ;
}
}
//
// A per-ViewPlatform cache, shared between ViewInfo instances. In the
// Java 3D view model, a view platform may have several views attached to
// it. The only view platform data cached here is its localToVworld, the
// inverse of its localToVworld, and the scale from vworld to view
// platform coordinates. The view platform to coexistence transform is
// cached by the CanvasInfo instances associated with the ViewInfo.
//
private static class ViewPlatformInfo {
private ViewPlatform vp = null ;
private List viewInfo = new LinkedList() ;
private double[] m = new double[16] ;
// These transforms are pre-allocated since we don't know what views
// will be attached. Their default identity values are used if a
// vworld dependent computation is requested and no initial update of
// the view platform was performed; this occurs if the local to vworld
// read capability isn't set. TODO: rationalize this and allocate
// only if necessary.
private Transform3D viewPlatformToVworld = new Transform3D() ;
private Transform3D vworldToViewPlatform = new Transform3D() ;
private double vworldToViewPlatformScale = 1.0 ;
// Set these update flags initially false since we might not have the
// capability to read the vworld transform.
private boolean updateViewPlatformToVworld = false ;
private boolean updateVworldScale = false ;
private ViewPlatformInfo(ViewPlatform vp) {
this.vp = vp ;
if (verbose) System.err.println
(" ViewPlatformInfo: init " + vp.hashCode()) ;
}
private synchronized void addViewInfo(ViewInfo vi) {
this.viewInfo.add(vi) ;
}
private synchronized void removeViewInfo(ViewInfo vi) {
this.viewInfo.remove(vi) ;
}
private synchronized void clear() {
Iterator i = viewInfo.iterator() ;
while (i.hasNext()) ((ViewInfo)i.next()).clearViewPlatform() ;
viewInfo.clear() ;
}
//
// Get the view platform's current localToVworld and
// force the update of derived data.
//
private synchronized void getViewPlatformToVworld() {
if (verbose) System.err.println
(" getViewPlatformToVworld " + vp.hashCode()) ;
vp.getLocalToVworld(this.viewPlatformToVworld) ;
this.vworldToViewPlatform.invert(viewPlatformToVworld) ;
// Get the scale factor from the virtual world to view platform
// transform. Note that this is always a congruent transform.
vworldToViewPlatform.get(m) ;
double newScale = Math.sqrt(m[0]*m[0] + m[1]*m[1] + m[2]*m[2]) ;
// May need to update clip plane distances if scale changed. We'll
// check with an epsilon commensurate with single precision float.
// It would be more efficient to check the square of the distance
// and then compute the square root only if different, but that
// makes choosing an epsilon difficult.
if ((newScale > vworldToViewPlatformScale + 0.0000001) ||
(newScale < vworldToViewPlatformScale - 0.0000001)) {
this.vworldToViewPlatformScale = newScale ;
this.updateVworldScale = true ;
if (verbose) System.err.println(" vworld scale " +
vworldToViewPlatformScale) ;
}
// All virtual world transforms must be updated.
Iterator i = viewInfo.iterator() ;
while (i.hasNext())
((ViewInfo)i.next()).updateVworldDependencies() ;
this.updateVworldScale = false ;
this.updateViewPlatformToVworld = false ;
}
}
//
// A per-canvas cache.
//
private class CanvasInfo {
private Canvas3D c3d = null ;
private ScreenInfo si = null ;
private boolean updateCanvas = true ;
private double canvasX = 0.0 ;
private double canvasY = 0.0 ;
private boolean updatePosition = true ;
private double canvasWidth = 0.0 ;
private double canvasHeight = 0.0 ;
private double windowScale = 0.0 ;
private boolean updateWindowScale = true ;
private double screenScale = 0.0 ;
private boolean updateScreenScale = true ;
private boolean useStereo = false ;
private boolean updateStereo = true ;
//
// coeToPlate is the same for each Canvas3D in a Screen3D unless
// coexistence centering is enabled and the window movement policy is
// PHYSICAL_WORLD.
//
private Transform3D coeToPlate = null ;
private Transform3D coeToRightPlate = null ;
private boolean updateCoeToPlate = true ;
//
// viewPlatformToCoe is the same for each Canvas3D in a View unless
// the window resize policy is PHYSICAL_WORLD, in which case the scale
// factor includes the window scale; or if the screen scale policy is
// SCALE_SCREEN_SIZE, in which case the scale factor depends upon the
// width of the screen associated with the canvas; or if the window
// eyepoint policy is RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW and the view attach
// policy is not NOMINAL_SCREEN, which will set the view platform
// origin in coexistence based on the width of the canvas.
//
private Transform3D viewPlatformToCoe = null ;
private Transform3D coeToViewPlatform = null ;
private boolean updateViewPlatformToCoe = true ;
private boolean updateCoeToViewPlatform = true ;
//
// plateToViewPlatform is composed from viewPlatformToCoe and
// coeToPlate.
//
private Transform3D plateToViewPlatform = null ;
private Transform3D rightPlateToViewPlatform = null ;
private boolean updatePlateToViewPlatform = true ;
//
// trackerBaseToViewPlatform is computed from viewPlatformToCoe and
// coeToTrackerBase.
//
private Transform3D trackerBaseToViewPlatform = null ;
private boolean updateTrackerBaseToViewPlatform = true ;
//
// Eye position in image plate is always different for each Canvas3D
// in a View, unless two or more Canvas3D instances are the same
// position and size, or two or more Canvas3D instances are using a
// window eyepoint policy of RELATIVE_TO_SCREEN and have the same
// settings for the manual eye positions.
//
private Point3d eyeInPlate = new Point3d() ;
private Point3d rightEyeInPlate = new Point3d() ;
private Transform3D eyeToPlate = null ;
private Transform3D rightEyeToPlate = null ;
private boolean updateEyeInPlate = true ;
private Point3d leftManualEyeInPlate = new Point3d() ;
private Point3d rightManualEyeInPlate = new Point3d() ;
private boolean updateManualEye = true ;
private int monoscopicPolicy = -1 ;
private boolean updateMonoPolicy = true ;
//
// eyeToViewPlatform is computed from eyeToPlate and
// plateToViewPlatform.
//
private Transform3D eyeToViewPlatform = null ;
private Transform3D rightEyeToViewPlatform = null ;
private boolean updateEyeToViewPlatform = true ;
private Transform3D viewPlatformToEye = null ;
private Transform3D viewPlatformToRightEye = null ;
private boolean updateViewPlatformToEye = true ;
//
// The projection transform depends upon eye position in image plate.
//
private Transform3D projection = null ;
private Transform3D rightProjection = null ;
private boolean updateProjection = true ;
private Transform3D inverseProjection = null ;
private Transform3D inverseRightProjection = null ;
private boolean updateInverseProjection = true ;
private Transform3D inverseViewPlatformProjection = null ;
private Transform3D inverseViewPlatformRightProjection = null ;
private boolean updateInverseViewPlatformProjection = true ;
//
// The physical clip distances can be affected by the canvas width
// with the PHYSICAL_WORLD resize policy.
//
private double frontClipDistance = 0.0 ;
private double backClipDistance = 0.0 ;
private boolean updateClipDistances = true ;
//
// The physical to view platform scale can be affected by the canvas
// width with the PHYSICAL_WORLD resize policy.
//
private double physicalToVpScale = 0.0 ;
private double physicalToVirtualScale = 0.0 ;
private boolean updatePhysicalToVpScale = true ;
private boolean updatePhysicalToVirtualScale = true ;
//
// The vworld transforms require reading the ViewPlaform's
// localToVworld tranform.
//
private Transform3D plateToVworld = null ;
private Transform3D rightPlateToVworld = null ;
private boolean updatePlateToVworld = true ;
private Transform3D coeToVworld = null ;
private boolean updateCoeToVworld = true ;
private Transform3D eyeToVworld = null ;
private Transform3D rightEyeToVworld = null ;
private boolean updateEyeToVworld = true ;
private Transform3D trackerBaseToVworld = null ;
private boolean updateTrackerBaseToVworld = true ;
private Transform3D inverseVworldProjection = null ;
private Transform3D inverseVworldRightProjection = null ;
private boolean updateInverseVworldProjection = true ;
private CanvasInfo(Canvas3D c3d, ScreenInfo si) {
this.si = si ;
this.c3d = c3d ;
if (verbose) System.err.println(" CanvasInfo: init " +
c3d.hashCode()) ;
}
private void getCanvasInfo() {
if (verbose) System.err.println(" getCanvasInfo " +
c3d.hashCode()) ;
boolean newStereo =
c3d.getStereoEnable() && c3d.getStereoAvailable() ;
if (useStereo != newStereo) {
this.useStereo = newStereo ;
this.updateStereo = true ;
if (verbose) System.err.println(" stereo " + useStereo) ;
}
this.canvasWidth = c3d.getWidth() * si.metersPerPixelX ;
this.canvasHeight = c3d.getHeight() * si.metersPerPixelY ;
double newScale = canvasWidth / si.screenWidth ;
if (windowScale != newScale) {
this.windowScale = newScale ;
this.updateWindowScale = true ;
if (verbose) {
System.err.println(" width " + canvasWidth) ;
System.err.println(" height " + canvasHeight) ;
System.err.println(" scale " + windowScale) ;
}
}
// For multiple physical screens, AWT returns the canvas location
// relative to the origin of the aggregated virtual screen. We
// need the location relative to the physical screen origin.
Point awtLocation = c3d.getLocationOnScreen() ;
int x = awtLocation.x - si.screenBounds.x ;
int y = awtLocation.y - si.screenBounds.y ;
double newCanvasX = si.metersPerPixelX * x ;
double newCanvasY = si.metersPerPixelY *
(si.screenBounds.height - (y + c3d.getHeight())) ;
if (canvasX != newCanvasX || canvasY != newCanvasY) {
this.canvasX = newCanvasX ;
this.canvasY = newCanvasY ;
this.updatePosition = true ;
if (verbose) {
System.err.println(" lower left X " + canvasX) ;
System.err.println(" lower left Y " + canvasY) ;
}
}
int newMonoPolicy = c3d.getMonoscopicViewPolicy() ;
if (monoscopicPolicy != newMonoPolicy) {
this.monoscopicPolicy = newMonoPolicy ;
this.updateMonoPolicy = true ;
if (verbose && !useStereo) {
if (monoscopicPolicy == View.LEFT_EYE_VIEW)
System.err.println(" left eye view") ;
else if (monoscopicPolicy == View.RIGHT_EYE_VIEW)
System.err.println(" right eye view") ;
else
System.err.println(" cyclopean view") ;
}
}
c3d.getLeftManualEyeInImagePlate(leftEye) ;
c3d.getRightManualEyeInImagePlate(rightEye) ;
if (!leftEye.equals(leftManualEyeInPlate) ||
!rightEye.equals(rightManualEyeInPlate)) {
this.leftManualEyeInPlate.set(leftEye) ;
this.rightManualEyeInPlate.set(rightEye) ;
this.updateManualEye = true ;
if (verbose && (eyePolicy == View.RELATIVE_TO_WINDOW ||
eyePolicy == View.RELATIVE_TO_SCREEN)) {
System.err.println(" left manual eye in plate " +
leftManualEyeInPlate) ;
System.err.println(" right manual eye in plate " +
rightManualEyeInPlate) ;
}
}
updateCanvasDependencies() ;
this.updateStereo = false ;
this.updateWindowScale = false ;
this.updatePosition = false ;
this.updateMonoPolicy = false ;
this.updateManualEye = false ;
this.updateCanvas = false ;
}
private double getFieldOfViewOffset() {
return 0.5 * canvasWidth / Math.tan(0.5 * view.getFieldOfView()) ;
}
private void updateScreenDependencies() {
if (si.updatePixelSize || si.updateScreenSize) {
if (eyePolicy == View.RELATIVE_TO_WINDOW ||
eyePolicy == View.RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW) {
// Physical location of the canvas might change without
// changing the pixel location.
updateEyeInPlate = true ;
}
if (resizePolicy == View.PHYSICAL_WORLD ||
eyePolicy == View.RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW) {
// Could change the window scale or view platform Z offset.
updateViewPlatformToCoe = true ;
}
if (resizePolicy == View.PHYSICAL_WORLD) {
// Window scale affects the clip distance and the physical
// to viewplatform scale.
updateClipDistances = true ;
updatePhysicalToVpScale = true ;
updatePhysicalToVirtualScale = true ;
}
// Upper right corner of canvas may have moved from eye.
updateProjection = true ;
}
if (si.updateScreenSize && scalePolicy == View.SCALE_SCREEN_SIZE) {
// Screen scale affects the clip distances and physical to
// view platform scale. The screen scale is also a component
// of viewPlatformToCoe.
updateScreenScale = true ;
updateClipDistances = true ;
updatePhysicalToVpScale = true ;
updatePhysicalToVirtualScale = true ;
updateViewPlatformToCoe = true ;
}
if (viewPolicy == View.HMD_VIEW) {
if (si.updateHeadTrackerToPlate) {
// Plate moves with respect to the eye and coexistence.
updateEyeInPlate = true ;
updateCoeToPlate = true ;
}
}
else if (coeCentering) {
if (movementPolicy == View.PHYSICAL_WORLD) {
// Coexistence is centered on the canvas.
if (si.updatePixelSize || si.updateScreenSize)
// Physical location of the canvas might change
// without changing the pixel location.
updateCoeToPlate = true ;
}
else if (si.updateScreenSize)
// Coexistence is centered on the screen.
updateCoeToPlate = true ;
}
else if (si.updateTrackerBaseToPlate) {
// Image plate has possibly changed location. Could be
// offset by an update to coeToTrackerBase in the
// PhysicalEnvironment though.
updateCoeToPlate = true ;
}
if (updateCoeToPlate &&
eyePolicy == View.RELATIVE_TO_COEXISTENCE) {
// Coexistence has moved with respect to plate.
updateEyeInPlate = true ;
}
if (updateViewPlatformToCoe) {
// Derived transforms. trackerBaseToViewPlatform is composed
// from viewPlatformToCoe and coexistenceToTrackerBase.
updateCoeToViewPlatform = true ;
updateCoeToVworld = true ;
updateTrackerBaseToViewPlatform = true ;
updateTrackerBaseToVworld = true ;
}
if (updateCoeToPlate || updateViewPlatformToCoe) {
// The image plate to view platform transform is composed from
// the coexistence to image plate and view platform to
// coexistence transforms, so these need updates as well.
updatePlateToViewPlatform = true ;
updatePlateToVworld = true ;
}
updateEyeDependencies() ;
}
private void updateEyeDependencies() {
if (updateEyeInPlate) {
updateEyeToVworld = true ;
updateProjection = true ;
}
if (updateProjection) {
updateInverseProjection = true ;
updateInverseViewPlatformProjection = true ;
updateInverseVworldProjection = true ;
}
if (updateEyeInPlate || updatePlateToViewPlatform) {
updateViewPlatformToEye = true ;
updateEyeToViewPlatform = true ;
}
}
private void updateCanvasDependencies() {
if (updateStereo || updateMonoPolicy ||
(updateManualEye && (eyePolicy == View.RELATIVE_TO_WINDOW ||
eyePolicy == View.RELATIVE_TO_SCREEN))) {
updateEyeInPlate = true ;
}
if (updateWindowScale || updatePosition) {
if (coeCentering && movementPolicy == View.PHYSICAL_WORLD) {
// Coexistence is centered on the canvas.
updateCoeToPlate = true ;
if (eyePolicy == View.RELATIVE_TO_COEXISTENCE)
updateEyeInPlate = true ;
}
if (eyePolicy == View.RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW ||
eyePolicy == View.RELATIVE_TO_WINDOW)
// Eye depends on canvas position and size.
updateEyeInPlate = true ;
}
if (updateWindowScale) {
if (resizePolicy == View.PHYSICAL_WORLD ||
eyePolicy == View.RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW) {
// View platform scale and its origin Z offset changed.
// trackerBaseToViewPlatform needs viewPlatformToCoe.
updateViewPlatformToCoe = true ;
updateCoeToViewPlatform = true ;
updateCoeToVworld = true ;
updateTrackerBaseToViewPlatform = true ;
updateTrackerBaseToVworld = true ;
}
if (resizePolicy == View.PHYSICAL_WORLD) {
// Clip distance and physical to view platform scale are
// affected by the window size.
updateClipDistances = true ;
updateProjection = true ;
updatePhysicalToVpScale = true ;
updatePhysicalToVirtualScale = true ;
}
}
if (updateViewPlatformToCoe || updateCoeToPlate) {
// The image plate to view platform transform is composed from
// the coexistence to image plate and the view platform to
// coexistence transforms, so these need updates.
updatePlateToViewPlatform = true ;
updatePlateToVworld = true ;
}
if (coeCentering && !updateManualEye && !updateWindowScale &&
(movementPolicy == View.PHYSICAL_WORLD) &&
(eyePolicy != View.RELATIVE_TO_SCREEN)) {
// The canvas may have moved, but the eye, coexistence, and
// view platform moved with it. updateEyeDependencies()
// isn't called since it would unnecessarily update the
// projection and eyeToViewPlatform transforms. The tested
// policies are all true by default.
return ;
}
updateEyeDependencies() ;
}
//
// TODO: A brave soul could refine cache updates here. There are a
// lot of attributes to monitor, so we just update everything for now.
//
private void updateViewDependencies() {
// View policy, physical body eye positions, head to head
// tracker, window eyepoint policy, field of view, coexistence
// centering, or coexistence to image plate may have changed.
updateEyeInPlate = true ;
// If the eye position in image plate has changed, then the
// projection transform may need to be updated. The projection
// policy and clip plane distances and policies may have changed.
// The window resize policy and screen scale may have changed,
// which affects clip plane distance scaling.
updateProjection = true ;
updateClipDistances = true ;
updatePhysicalToVpScale = true ;
updatePhysicalToVirtualScale = true ;
// View policy, coexistence to tracker base, coexistence centering
// enable, or window movement policy may have changed.
updateCoeToPlate = true ;
// Screen scale, resize policy, view policy, view platform,
// physical body, physical environment, eyepoint policy, or field
// of view may have changed.
updateViewPlatformToCoe = true ;
updateCoeToViewPlatform = true ;
updateCoeToVworld = true ;
// The image plate to view platform transform is composed from the
// coexistence to image plate and view platform to coexistence
// transforms, so these need updates.
updatePlateToViewPlatform = true ;
updatePlateToVworld = true ;
// View platform to coexistence or coexistence to tracker base may
// have changed.
updateTrackerBaseToViewPlatform = true ;
updateTrackerBaseToVworld = true ;
// Screen scale policy or explicit screen scale may have changed.
updateScreenScale = true ;
// Update transforms derived from eye info.
updateEyeDependencies() ;
}
private void updateHeadDependencies() {
if (viewPolicy == View.HMD_VIEW) {
// Image plates are fixed relative to the head, so their
// positions have changed with respect to coexistence, the
// view platform, and the virtual world. The eyes are fixed
// with respect to the image plates, so the projection doesn't
// change with respect to them.
updateCoeToPlate = true ;
updatePlateToViewPlatform = true ;
updatePlateToVworld = true ;
updateViewPlatformToEye = true ;
updateEyeToViewPlatform = true ;
updateEyeToVworld = true ;
updateInverseViewPlatformProjection = true ;
updateInverseVworldProjection = true ;
}
else {
// Eye positions have changed with respect to the fixed
// screens, so the projections must be updated as well as the
// positions.
updateEyeInPlate = true ;
updateEyeDependencies() ;
}
}
private void updateVworldDependencies() {
updatePlateToVworld = true ;
updateCoeToVworld = true ;
updateEyeToVworld = true ;
updateTrackerBaseToVworld = true ;
updateInverseVworldProjection = true ;
if (vpi.updateVworldScale)
updatePhysicalToVirtualScale = true ;
if (vpi.updateVworldScale && clipVirtual) {
// vworldToViewPlatformScale changed and clip plane distances
// are in virtual units.
updateProjection = true ;
updateClipDistances = true ;
updateInverseProjection = true ;
updateInverseViewPlatformProjection = true ;
}
}
}
/**
* Prints out the specified transform in a readable format.
*
* @param t3d transform to be printed
* @param name the name of the transform
*/
private static void t3dPrint(Transform3D t3d, String name) {
double[] m = new double[16] ;
t3d.get(m) ;
String[] sa = formatMatrixRows(4, 4, m) ;
System.err.println(name) ;
for (int i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++) System.err.println(sa[i]) ;
}
/**
* Formats a matrix with fixed fractional digits and integer padding to
* align the decimal points in columns. Non-negative numbers print up to
* 7 integer digits, while negative numbers print up to 6 integer digits
* to account for the negative sign. 6 fractional digits are printed.
*
* @param rowCount number of rows in the matrix
* @param colCount number of columns in the matrix
* @param m matrix to be formatted
* @return matrix rows formatted into strings
*/
private static String[] formatMatrixRows
(int rowCount, int colCount, double[] m) {
DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0.000000") ;
FieldPosition fp = new FieldPosition(DecimalFormat.INTEGER_FIELD) ;
StringBuffer sb0 = new StringBuffer() ;
StringBuffer sb1 = new StringBuffer() ;
String[] rows = new String[rowCount] ;
for (int i = 0 ; i < rowCount ; i++) {
sb0.setLength(0) ;
for (int j = 0 ; j < colCount ; j++) {
sb1.setLength(0) ;
df.format(m[i*colCount+j], sb1, fp) ;
int pad = 8 - fp.getEndIndex() ;
for (int k = 0 ; k < pad ; k++) {
sb1.insert(0, " ") ;
}
sb0.append(sb1) ;
}
rows[i] = sb0.toString() ;
}
return rows ;
}
}