edu.princeton.cs.algs4.InsertionX Maven / Gradle / Ivy
Show all versions of algorithm Show documentation
/******************************************************************************
* Compilation: javac InsertionX.java
* Execution: java InsertionX < input.txt
* Dependencies: StdOut.java StdIn.java
* Data files: https://algs4.cs.princeton.edu/21elementary/tiny.txt
* https://algs4.cs.princeton.edu/21elementary/words3.txt
*
* Sorts a sequence of strings from standard input using an optimized
* version of insertion sort that uses half exchanges instead of
* full exchanges to reduce data movement..
*
* % more tiny.txt
* S O R T E X A M P L E
*
* % java InsertionX < tiny.txt
* A E E L M O P R S T X [ one string per line ]
*
* % more words3.txt
* bed bug dad yes zoo ... all bad yet
*
* % java InsertionX < words3.txt
* all bad bed bug dad ... yes yet zoo [ one string per line ]
*
******************************************************************************/
package edu.princeton.cs.algs4;
/**
* The {@code InsertionX} class provides static methods for sorting
* an array using an optimized version of insertion sort (with half exchanges
* and a sentinel).
*
* For additional documentation, see Section 2.1 of
* Algorithms, 4th Edition by Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne.
*
* @author Robert Sedgewick
* @author Kevin Wayne
*/
public class InsertionX {
// This class should not be instantiated.
private InsertionX() { }
/**
* Rearranges the array in ascending order, using the natural order.
* @param a the array to be sorted
*/
public static void sort(Comparable[] a) {
int n = a.length;
// put smallest element in position to serve as sentinel
int exchanges = 0;
for (int i = n-1; i > 0; i--) {
if (less(a[i], a[i-1])) {
exch(a, i, i-1);
exchanges++;
}
}
if (exchanges == 0) return;
// insertion sort with half-exchanges
for (int i = 2; i < n; i++) {
Comparable v = a[i];
int j = i;
while (less(v, a[j-1])) {
a[j] = a[j-1];
j--;
}
a[j] = v;
}
assert isSorted(a);
}
/***************************************************************************
* Helper sorting functions.
***************************************************************************/
// is v < w ?
private static boolean less(Comparable v, Comparable w) {
return v.compareTo(w) < 0;
}
// exchange a[i] and a[j]
private static void exch(Object[] a, int i, int j) {
Object swap = a[i];
a[i] = a[j];
a[j] = swap;
}
/***************************************************************************
* Check if array is sorted - useful for debugging.
***************************************************************************/
private static boolean isSorted(Comparable[] a) {
for (int i = 1; i < a.length; i++)
if (less(a[i], a[i-1])) return false;
return true;
}
// print array to standard output
private static void show(Comparable[] a) {
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
StdOut.println(a[i]);
}
}
/**
* Reads in a sequence of strings from standard input; insertion sorts them;
* and prints them to standard output in ascending order.
*
* @param args the command-line arguments
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] a = StdIn.readAllStrings();
InsertionX.sort(a);
show(a);
}
}
/******************************************************************************
* Copyright 2002-2018, Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne.
*
* This file is part of algs4.jar, which accompanies the textbook
*
* Algorithms, 4th edition by Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne,
* Addison-Wesley Professional, 2011, ISBN 0-321-57351-X.
* http://algs4.cs.princeton.edu
*
*
* algs4.jar is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* algs4.jar is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with algs4.jar. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses.
******************************************************************************/