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/*
* nimbus-jose-jwt
*
* Copyright 2012-2022, Connect2id Ltd.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use
* this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the
* License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed
* under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR
* CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
* specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
*/
package com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.source;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
import net.jcip.annotations.ThreadSafe;
import com.nimbusds.jose.KeySourceException;
import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.JWKSet;
import com.nimbusds.jose.proc.SecurityContext;
import com.nimbusds.jose.util.cache.CachedObject;
import com.nimbusds.jose.util.events.EventListener;
/**
* Caching {@linkplain JWKSetSource} that refreshes the JWK set prior to its
* expiration. The updates run on a separate, dedicated thread. Updates can be
* repeatedly scheduled, or (lazily) triggered by incoming requests for the JWK
* set.
*
* This class is intended for uninterrupted operation under high-load, to
* avoid a potentially large number of threads blocking when the cache expires
* (and must be refreshed).
*
* @author Thomas Rørvik Skjølberg
* @author Vladimir Dzhuvinov
* @version 2022-11-22
*/
@ThreadSafe
public class RefreshAheadCachingJWKSetSource extends CachingJWKSetSource {
/**
* New JWK set refresh scheduled event.
*/
public static class RefreshScheduledEvent extends AbstractJWKSetSourceEvent, C> {
public RefreshScheduledEvent(final RefreshAheadCachingJWKSetSource source, final C context) {
super(source, context);
}
}
/**
* JWK set refresh not scheduled event.
*/
public static class RefreshNotScheduledEvent extends AbstractJWKSetSourceEvent, C> {
public RefreshNotScheduledEvent(final RefreshAheadCachingJWKSetSource source, final C context) {
super(source, context);
}
}
/**
* Scheduled JWK refresh failed event.
*/
public static class ScheduledRefreshFailed extends AbstractJWKSetSourceEvent, C> {
private final Exception exception;
public ScheduledRefreshFailed(final CachingJWKSetSource source,
final Exception exception,
final C context) {
super(source, context);
Objects.requireNonNull(exception);
this.exception = exception;
}
public Exception getException() {
return exception;
}
}
/**
* Scheduled JWK set cache refresh initiated event.
*/
public static class ScheduledRefreshInitiatedEvent extends AbstractJWKSetSourceEvent, C> {
private ScheduledRefreshInitiatedEvent(final CachingJWKSetSource source, final C context) {
super(source, context);
}
}
/**
* Scheduled JWK set cache refresh completed event.
*/
public static class ScheduledRefreshCompletedEvent extends AbstractJWKSetSourceEvent, C> {
private final JWKSet jwkSet;
private ScheduledRefreshCompletedEvent(final CachingJWKSetSource source,
final JWKSet jwkSet,
final C context) {
super(source, context);
Objects.requireNonNull(jwkSet);
this.jwkSet = jwkSet;
}
/**
* Returns the refreshed JWK set.
*
* @return The refreshed JWK set.
*/
public JWKSet getJWKSet() {
return jwkSet;
}
}
/**
* Unable to refresh the JWK set cache ahead of expiration event.
*/
public static class UnableToRefreshAheadOfExpirationEvent extends AbstractJWKSetSourceEvent, C> {
public UnableToRefreshAheadOfExpirationEvent(final CachingJWKSetSource source, final C context) {
super(source, context);
}
}
// refresh ahead of expiration should execute when
// expirationTime - refreshAheadTime < currentTime < expirationTime
private final long refreshAheadTime; // milliseconds
private final ReentrantLock lazyLock = new ReentrantLock();
private final ExecutorService executorService;
private final boolean shutdownExecutorOnClose;
private final ScheduledExecutorService scheduledExecutorService;
// cache expiration time (in milliseconds) used as fingerprint
private volatile long cacheExpiration;
private ScheduledFuture scheduledRefreshFuture;
private final EventListener, C> eventListener;
/**
* Creates a new refresh-ahead caching JWK set source.
*
* @param source The JWK set source to decorate. Must not
* be {@code null}.
* @param timeToLive The time to live of the cached JWK set,
* in milliseconds.
* @param cacheRefreshTimeout The cache refresh timeout, in
* milliseconds.
* @param refreshAheadTime The refresh ahead time, in milliseconds.
* @param scheduled {@code true} to refresh in a scheduled
* manner, regardless of requests.
* @param eventListener The event listener, {@code null} if not
* specified.
*/
public RefreshAheadCachingJWKSetSource(final JWKSetSource source,
final long timeToLive,
final long cacheRefreshTimeout,
final long refreshAheadTime,
final boolean scheduled,
final EventListener, C> eventListener) {
this(source, timeToLive, cacheRefreshTimeout, refreshAheadTime,
scheduled, Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(), true,
eventListener);
}
/**
* Creates a new refresh-ahead caching JWK set source with the
* specified executor service to run the updates in the background.
*
* @param source The JWK set source to decorate. Must
* not be {@code null}.
* @param timeToLive The time to live of the cached JWK
* set, in milliseconds.
* @param cacheRefreshTimeout The cache refresh timeout, in
* milliseconds.
* @param refreshAheadTime The refresh ahead time, in
* milliseconds.
* @param scheduled {@code true} to refresh in a
* scheduled manner, regardless of
* requests.
* @param executorService The executor service to run the
* updates in the background.
* @param shutdownExecutorOnClose If {@code true} the executor service
* will be shut down upon closing the
* source.
* @param eventListener The event listener, {@code null} if
* not specified.
*/
public RefreshAheadCachingJWKSetSource(final JWKSetSource source,
final long timeToLive,
final long cacheRefreshTimeout,
final long refreshAheadTime,
final boolean scheduled,
final ExecutorService executorService,
final boolean shutdownExecutorOnClose,
final EventListener, C> eventListener) {
super(source, timeToLive, cacheRefreshTimeout, eventListener);
if (refreshAheadTime + cacheRefreshTimeout > timeToLive) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("The sum of the refresh-ahead time (" + refreshAheadTime +"ms) " +
"and the cache refresh timeout (" + cacheRefreshTimeout +"ms) " +
"must not exceed the time-to-lived time (" + timeToLive + "ms)");
}
this.refreshAheadTime = refreshAheadTime;
Objects.requireNonNull(executorService, "The executor service must not be null");
this.executorService = executorService;
this.shutdownExecutorOnClose = shutdownExecutorOnClose;
if (scheduled) {
scheduledExecutorService = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
} else {
scheduledExecutorService = null;
}
this.eventListener = eventListener;
}
@Override
public JWKSet getJWKSet(final JWKSetCacheRefreshEvaluator refreshEvaluator, final long currentTime, final C context) throws KeySourceException {
CachedObject cache = getCachedJWKSet();
if (cache == null) {
return loadJWKSetBlocking(JWKSetCacheRefreshEvaluator.noRefresh(), currentTime, context);
}
JWKSet jwkSet = cache.get();
if (refreshEvaluator.requiresRefresh(jwkSet)) {
return loadJWKSetBlocking(refreshEvaluator, currentTime, context);
}
if (cache.isExpired(currentTime)) {
return loadJWKSetBlocking(JWKSetCacheRefreshEvaluator.referenceComparison(jwkSet), currentTime, context);
}
refreshAheadOfExpiration(cache, false, currentTime, context);
return cache.get();
}
@Override
CachedObject loadJWKSetNotThreadSafe(final JWKSetCacheRefreshEvaluator refreshEvaluator, final long currentTime, final C context) throws KeySourceException {
// Never run by two threads at the same time!
CachedObject cache = super.loadJWKSetNotThreadSafe(refreshEvaluator, currentTime, context);
if (scheduledExecutorService != null) {
scheduleRefreshAheadOfExpiration(cache, currentTime, context);
}
return cache;
}
/**
* Schedules repeated refresh ahead of cached JWK set expiration.
*/
void scheduleRefreshAheadOfExpiration(final CachedObject cache, final long currentTime, final C context) {
if (scheduledRefreshFuture != null) {
scheduledRefreshFuture.cancel(false);
}
// so we want to keep other threads from triggering preemptive refresh
// subtracting the refresh timeout should be enough
long delay = cache.getExpirationTime() - currentTime - refreshAheadTime - getCacheRefreshTimeout();
if (delay > 0) {
final RefreshAheadCachingJWKSetSource that = this;
Runnable command = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
// so will only refresh if this specific cache entry still is the current one
refreshAheadOfExpiration(cache, true, System.currentTimeMillis(), context);
} catch (Exception e) {
if (eventListener != null) {
eventListener.notify(new ScheduledRefreshFailed(that, e, context));
}
// ignore
}
}
};
this.scheduledRefreshFuture = scheduledExecutorService.schedule(command, delay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
if (eventListener != null) {
eventListener.notify(new RefreshScheduledEvent(this, context));
}
} else {
// cache refresh not scheduled
if (eventListener != null) {
eventListener.notify(new RefreshNotScheduledEvent(this, context));
}
}
}
/**
* Refreshes the cached JWK set if past the time threshold or refresh
* is forced.
*
* @param cache The current cache. Must not be {@code null}.
* @param forceRefresh {@code true} to force refresh.
* @param currentTime The current time.
*/
void refreshAheadOfExpiration(final CachedObject cache, final boolean forceRefresh, final long currentTime, final C context) {
if (cache.isExpired(currentTime + refreshAheadTime) || forceRefresh) {
// cache will expire soon, preemptively update it
// check if an update is already in progress
if (cacheExpiration < cache.getExpirationTime()) {
// seems no update is in progress, see if we can get the lock
if (lazyLock.tryLock()) {
try {
lockedRefresh(cache, currentTime, context);
} finally {
lazyLock.unlock();
}
}
}
}
}
/**
* Checks if a refresh is in progress and if not triggers one. To be
* called by a single thread at a time.
*
* @param cache The current cache. Must not be {@code null}.
* @param currentTime The current time.
*/
void lockedRefresh(final CachedObject cache, final long currentTime, final C context) {
// check if an update is already in progress (again now that this thread holds the lock)
if (cacheExpiration < cache.getExpirationTime()) {
// still no update is in progress
cacheExpiration = cache.getExpirationTime();
final RefreshAheadCachingJWKSetSource that = this;
Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
if (eventListener != null) {
eventListener.notify(new ScheduledRefreshInitiatedEvent<>(that, context));
}
JWKSet jwkSet = RefreshAheadCachingJWKSetSource.this.loadJWKSetBlocking(JWKSetCacheRefreshEvaluator.forceRefresh(), currentTime, context);
if (eventListener != null) {
eventListener.notify(new ScheduledRefreshCompletedEvent<>(that, jwkSet, context));
}
// so next time this method is invoked, it'll be with the updated cache item expiry time
} catch (Throwable e) {
// update failed, but another thread can retry
cacheExpiration = -1L;
// ignore, unable to update
// another thread will attempt the same
if (eventListener != null) {
eventListener.notify(new UnableToRefreshAheadOfExpirationEvent(that, context));
}
}
}
};
// run update in the background
executorService.execute(runnable);
}
}
/**
* Returns the executor service running the updates in the background.
*
* @return The executor service.
*/
public ExecutorService getExecutorService() {
return executorService;
}
ReentrantLock getLazyLock() {
return lazyLock;
}
/**
* Returns the current scheduled refresh future.
*
* @return The current future, {@code null} if none.
*/
ScheduledFuture getScheduledRefreshFuture() {
return scheduledRefreshFuture;
}
@Override
public void close() throws IOException {
ScheduledFuture currentScheduledRefreshFuture = this.scheduledRefreshFuture; // defensive copy
if (currentScheduledRefreshFuture != null) {
currentScheduledRefreshFuture.cancel(true);
}
super.close();
if (shutdownExecutorOnClose) {
executorService.shutdownNow();
try {
executorService.awaitTermination(getCacheRefreshTimeout(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// ignore
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
if (scheduledExecutorService != null) {
scheduledExecutorService.shutdownNow();
try {
scheduledExecutorService.awaitTermination(getCacheRefreshTimeout(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// ignore
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
}
}