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Truffle is a multi-language framework for executing dynamic languages that achieves high performance when combined with Graal.

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package com.oracle.truffle.api.impl;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.ServiceConfigurationError;
import java.util.ServiceLoader;

import com.oracle.truffle.api.Assumption;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.CallTarget;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.CompilerOptions;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.RootCallTarget;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.Truffle;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.TruffleRuntime;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.Frame;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.FrameDescriptor;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.FrameInstance;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.FrameInstanceVisitor;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.MaterializedFrame;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.frame.VirtualFrame;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.nodes.DirectCallNode;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.nodes.IndirectCallNode;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.nodes.LoopNode;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.nodes.Node;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.nodes.RepeatingNode;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.nodes.RootNode;

/**
 * Default implementation of the Truffle runtime if the virtual machine does not provide a better
 * performing alternative.
 * 

* This is an implementation-specific class. Do not use or instantiate it. Instead, use * {@link Truffle#getRuntime()} to retrieve the current {@link TruffleRuntime}. */ public final class DefaultTruffleRuntime implements TruffleRuntime { private final ThreadLocal stackTraces = new ThreadLocal<>(); private final DefaultTVMCI tvmci = new DefaultTVMCI(); private final TVMCI.Test testTvmci = new TVMCI.Test() { @Override public CallTarget createTestCallTarget(RootNode testNode) { return createCallTarget(testNode); } @Override public void finishWarmup(CallTarget callTarget, String testName) { // do nothing if we have no compiler } }; public DefaultTruffleRuntime() { } public DefaultTVMCI getTvmci() { return tvmci; } @Override public String getName() { return "Interpreted"; } @SuppressWarnings("deprecation") @Override public RootCallTarget createCallTarget(RootNode rootNode) { DefaultCallTarget target = new DefaultCallTarget(rootNode); rootNode.setCallTarget(target); getTvmci().onLoad(target); return target; } @Override public DirectCallNode createDirectCallNode(CallTarget target) { Objects.requireNonNull(target); return new DefaultDirectCallNode(target); } @Override public IndirectCallNode createIndirectCallNode() { return new DefaultIndirectCallNode(); } @Override public VirtualFrame createVirtualFrame(Object[] arguments, FrameDescriptor frameDescriptor) { return new DefaultVirtualFrame(frameDescriptor, arguments); } @Override public MaterializedFrame createMaterializedFrame(Object[] arguments) { return createMaterializedFrame(arguments, new FrameDescriptor()); } @Override public MaterializedFrame createMaterializedFrame(Object[] arguments, FrameDescriptor frameDescriptor) { return new DefaultMaterializedFrame(new DefaultVirtualFrame(frameDescriptor, arguments)); } @Override public CompilerOptions createCompilerOptions() { return new DefaultCompilerOptions(); } @Override public Assumption createAssumption() { return createAssumption(null); } @Override public Assumption createAssumption(String name) { return new DefaultAssumption(name); } @Override public T iterateFrames(FrameInstanceVisitor visitor) { T result = null; DefaultFrameInstance frameInstance = getThreadLocalStackTrace(); while (frameInstance != null) { result = visitor.visitFrame(frameInstance); if (result != null) { return result; } frameInstance = frameInstance.callerFrame; } return result; } @Override public FrameInstance getCallerFrame() { DefaultFrameInstance currentFrame = getThreadLocalStackTrace(); if (currentFrame != null) { return currentFrame.callerFrame; } else { return null; } } @Override public FrameInstance getCurrentFrame() { return getThreadLocalStackTrace(); } private DefaultFrameInstance getThreadLocalStackTrace() { return stackTraces.get(); } private void setThreadLocalStackTrace(DefaultFrameInstance topFrame) { stackTraces.set(topFrame); } void pushFrame(VirtualFrame frame, CallTarget target) { setThreadLocalStackTrace(new DefaultFrameInstance(frame, target, null, getThreadLocalStackTrace())); } void pushFrame(VirtualFrame frame, CallTarget target, Node parentCallNode) { DefaultFrameInstance currentFrame = getThreadLocalStackTrace(); // we need to ensure that frame instances are immutable so we need to recreate the parent // frame if (currentFrame != null) { currentFrame = new DefaultFrameInstance(currentFrame.frame, currentFrame.target, parentCallNode, currentFrame.callerFrame); } setThreadLocalStackTrace(new DefaultFrameInstance(frame, target, null, currentFrame)); } void popFrame() { DefaultFrameInstance callerFrame = getThreadLocalStackTrace().callerFrame; if (callerFrame != null) { setThreadLocalStackTrace(new DefaultFrameInstance(callerFrame.frame, callerFrame.target, null, callerFrame.callerFrame)); } else { setThreadLocalStackTrace(null); } } @Override public T getCapability(Class capability) { if (capability == TVMCI.Test.class) { return capability.cast(testTvmci); } else if (capability == TVMCI.class) { return capability.cast(tvmci); } final Iterator it = Loader.load(capability).iterator(); try { return it.hasNext() ? it.next() : null; } catch (ServiceConfigurationError e) { return null; } } private static final class Loader { private static final Method LOAD_METHOD; static { Method loadMethod = null; try { Class servicesClass = Class.forName("jdk.vm.ci.services.Services"); loadMethod = servicesClass.getMethod("load", Class.class); } catch (ClassNotFoundException | NoSuchMethodException e) { // Services.load is not available } LOAD_METHOD = loadMethod; } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") static Iterable load(Class service) { if (LOAD_METHOD != null) { try { return (Iterable) LOAD_METHOD.invoke(null, service); } catch (Exception e) { throw new InternalError(e); } } else { return ServiceLoader.load(service); } } } public void notifyTransferToInterpreter() { } public LoopNode createLoopNode(RepeatingNode repeating) { if (!(repeating instanceof Node)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Repeating node must be of type Node."); } return new DefaultLoopNode(repeating); } public boolean isProfilingEnabled() { return false; } private static class DefaultFrameInstance implements FrameInstance { private final CallTarget target; private final VirtualFrame frame; private final Node callNode; private final DefaultFrameInstance callerFrame; DefaultFrameInstance(VirtualFrame frame, CallTarget target, Node callNode, DefaultFrameInstance callerFrame) { this.target = target; this.frame = frame; this.callNode = callNode; this.callerFrame = callerFrame; } @SuppressWarnings("deprecation") public final Frame getFrame(FrameAccess access) { if (access == FrameAccess.NONE) { return null; } Frame localFrame = this.frame; switch (access) { case READ_ONLY: /* Verify that it is really used read only. */ return new ReadOnlyFrame(localFrame); case READ_WRITE: return localFrame; case MATERIALIZE: return localFrame.materialize(); } throw new AssertionError(); } public final boolean isVirtualFrame() { return false; } public final CallTarget getCallTarget() { return target; } public Node getCallNode() { return callNode; } } }