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The instance documents may indicate the published version of
the schema using the xsi:schemaLocation attribute for J2EE
namespace with the following location:
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd
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The following conventions apply to all J2EE
deployment descriptor elements unless indicated otherwise.
- In elements that specify a pathname to a file within the
same JAR file, relative filenames (i.e., those not
starting with "/") are considered relative to the root of
the JAR file's namespace. Absolute filenames (i.e., those
starting with "/") also specify names in the root of the
JAR file's namespace. In general, relative names are
preferred. The exception is .war files where absolute
names are preferred for consistency with the Servlet API.
The web-app element is the root of the deployment
descriptor for a web application. Note that the sub-elements
of this element can be in the arbitrary order. Because of
that, the multiplicity of the elements of distributable,
session-config, welcome-file-list, jsp-config, login-config,
and locale-encoding-mapping-list was changed from "?" to "*"
in this schema. However, the deployment descriptor instance
file must not contain multiple elements of session-config,
jsp-config, and login-config. When there are multiple elements of
welcome-file-list or locale-encoding-mapping-list, the container
must concatenate the element contents. The multiple occurrence
of the element distributable is redundant and the container
treats that case exactly in the same way when there is only
one distributable.
The servlet element contains the name of a servlet.
The name must be unique within the web application.
The filter element contains the name of a filter.
The name must be unique within the web application.
The ejb-local-ref-name element contains the name of an EJB
reference. The EJB reference is an entry in the web
application's environment and is relative to the
java:comp/env context. The name must be unique within
the web application.
It is recommended that name is prefixed with "ejb/".
The ejb-ref-name element contains the name of an EJB
reference. The EJB reference is an entry in the web
application's environment and is relative to the
java:comp/env context. The name must be unique within
the web application.
It is recommended that name is prefixed with "ejb/".
The resource-env-ref-name element specifies the name of
a resource environment reference; its value is the
environment entry name used in the web application code.
The name is a JNDI name relative to the java:comp/env
context and must be unique within a web application.
The message-destination-ref-name element specifies the name of
a message destination reference; its value is the
environment entry name used in the web application code.
The name is a JNDI name relative to the java:comp/env
context and must be unique within a web application.
The res-ref-name element specifies the name of a
resource manager connection factory reference. The name
is a JNDI name relative to the java:comp/env context.
The name must be unique within a web application.
The env-entry-name element contains the name of a web
application's environment entry. The name is a JNDI
name relative to the java:comp/env context. The name
must be unique within a web application.
A role-name-key is specified to allow the references
from the security-role-refs.
The keyref indicates the references from
security-role-ref to a specified role-name.
The auth-constraintType indicates the user roles that
should be permitted access to this resource
collection. The role-name used here must either correspond
to the role-name of one of the security-role elements
defined for this web application, or be the specially
reserved role-name "*" that is a compact syntax for
indicating all roles in the web application. If both "*"
and rolenames appear, the container interprets this as all
roles. If no roles are defined, no user is allowed access
to the portion of the web application described by the
containing security-constraint. The container matches
role names case sensitively when determining access.
The auth-methodType is used to configure the authentication
mechanism for the web application. As a prerequisite to
gaining access to any web resources which are protected by
an authorization constraint, a user must have authenticated
using the configured mechanism. Legal values are "BASIC",
"DIGEST", "FORM", "CLIENT-CERT", or a vendor-specific
authentication scheme.
Used in: login-config
The dispatcher has four legal values: FORWARD, REQUEST, INCLUDE,
and ERROR. A value of FORWARD means the Filter will be applied
under RequestDispatcher.forward() calls. A value of REQUEST
means the Filter will be applied under ordinary client calls to
the path or servlet. A value of INCLUDE means the Filter will be
applied under RequestDispatcher.include() calls. A value of
ERROR means the Filter will be applied under the error page
mechanism. The absence of any dispatcher elements in a
filter-mapping indicates a default of applying filters only under
ordinary client calls to the path or servlet.
The encodingType defines IANA character sets.
The error-code contains an HTTP error code, ex: 404
Used in: error-page
The error-pageType contains a mapping between an error code
or exception type to the path of a resource in the web
application.
Used in: web-app
The exception-type contains a fully qualified class
name of a Java exception type.
The location element contains the location of the
resource in the web application relative to the root of
the web application. The value of the location must have
a leading `/'.
Declaration of the filter mappings in this web
application is done by using filter-mappingType.
The container uses the filter-mapping
declarations to decide which filters to apply to a request,
and in what order. The container matches the request URI to
a Servlet in the normal way. To determine which filters to
apply it matches filter-mapping declarations either on
servlet-name, or on url-pattern for each filter-mapping
element, depending on which style is used. The order in
which filters are invoked is the order in which
filter-mapping declarations that match a request URI for a
servlet appear in the list of filter-mapping elements. The
filter-name value must be the value of the filter-name
sub-elements of one of the filter declarations in the
deployment descriptor.
The logical name of the filter is declare
by using filter-nameType. This name is used to map the
filter. Each filter name is unique within the web
application.
Used in: filter, filter-mapping
The filterType is used to declare a filter in the web
application. The filter is mapped to either a servlet or a
URL pattern in the filter-mapping element, using the
filter-name value to reference. Filters can access the
initialization parameters declared in the deployment
descriptor at runtime via the FilterConfig interface.
Used in: web-app
The fully qualified classname of the filter.
The init-param element contains a name/value pair as
an initialization param of a servlet filter
The form-login-configType specifies the login and error
pages that should be used in form based login. If form based
authentication is not used, these elements are ignored.
Used in: login-config
The form-login-page element defines the location in the web
app where the page that can be used for login can be
found. The path begins with a leading / and is interpreted
relative to the root of the WAR.
The form-error-page element defines the location in
the web app where the error page that is displayed
when login is not successful can be found.
The path begins with a leading / and is interpreted
relative to the root of the WAR.
The http-method contains an HTTP method recognized by the
web-app, for example GET, POST, ...
The locale-encoding-mapping-list contains one or more
locale-encoding-mapping(s).
The locale-encoding-mapping contains locale name and
encoding name. The locale name must be either "Language-code",
such as "ja", defined by ISO-639 or "Language-code_Country-code",
such as "ja_JP". "Country code" is defined by ISO-3166.
The localeType defines valid locale defined by ISO-639-1
and ISO-3166.
The login-configType is used to configure the authentication
method that should be used, the realm name that should be
used for this application, and the attributes that are
needed by the form login mechanism.
Used in: web-app
The realm name element specifies the realm name to
use in HTTP Basic authorization.
The mime-mappingType defines a mapping between an extension
and a mime type.
Used in: web-app
The extension element contains a string describing an
extension. example: "txt"
The mime-typeType is used to indicate a defined mime type.
Example:
"text/plain"
Used in: mime-mapping
This type defines a string which contains at least one
character.
The security-constraintType is used to associate
security constraints with one or more web resource
collections
Used in: web-app
The servlet-mappingType defines a mapping between a
servlet and a url pattern.
Used in: web-app
The servlet-name element contains the canonical name of the
servlet. Each servlet name is unique within the web
application.
The servletType is used to declare a servlet.
It contains the declarative data of a
servlet. If a jsp-file is specified and the load-on-startup
element is present, then the JSP should be pre-compiled and
loaded.
Used in: web-app
The servlet-class element contains the fully
qualified class name of the servlet.
The load-on-startup element indicates that this
servlet should be loaded (instantiated and have
its init() called) on the start-up of the web
application. The optional contents of these
element must be an integer indicating the order in
which the servlet should be loaded. If the value
is a negative integer, or the element is not
present, the container is free to load the servlet
whenever it chooses. If the value is a positive
integer or 0, the container must load and
initialize the servlet as the application is
deployed. The container must guarantee that
servlets marked with lower integers are loaded
before servlets marked with higher integers. The
container may choose the order of loading of
servlets with the same load-on-start-up value.
The session-configType defines the session parameters
for this web application.
Used in: web-app
The session-timeout element defines the default
session timeout interval for all sessions created
in this web application. The specified timeout
must be expressed in a whole number of minutes.
If the timeout is 0 or less, the container ensures
the default behaviour of sessions is never to time
out. If this element is not specified, the container
must set its default timeout period.
The transport-guaranteeType specifies that the communication
between client and server should be NONE, INTEGRAL, or
CONFIDENTIAL. NONE means that the application does not
require any transport guarantees. A value of INTEGRAL means
that the application requires that the data sent between the
client and server be sent in such a way that it can't be
changed in transit. CONFIDENTIAL means that the application
requires that the data be transmitted in a fashion that
prevents other entities from observing the contents of the
transmission. In most cases, the presence of the INTEGRAL or
CONFIDENTIAL flag will indicate that the use of SSL is
required.
Used in: user-data-constraint
The user-data-constraintType is used to indicate how
data communicated between the client and container should be
protected.
Used in: security-constraint
The elements that use this type designate a path starting
with a "/" and interpreted relative to the root of a WAR
file.
This type contains the recognized versions of
web-application supported. It is used to designate the
version of the web application.
The context-param element contains the declaration
of a web application's servlet context
initialization parameters.
The web-resource-collectionType is used to identify a subset
of the resources and HTTP methods on those resources within
a web application to which a security constraint applies. If
no HTTP methods are specified, then the security constraint
applies to all HTTP methods.
Used in: security-constraint
The web-resource-name contains the name of this web
resource collection.
The welcome-file-list contains an ordered list of welcome
files elements.
Used in: web-app
The welcome-file element contains file name to use
as a default welcome file, such as index.html
