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/*
 * Copyright (C) 2013 The Guava Authors
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.common.util.concurrent;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;

import com.google.common.collect.Queues;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import javax.annotation.concurrent.GuardedBy;
import javax.annotation.concurrent.ThreadSafe;

/**
 * 

A thread-safe queue of listeners, each with an associated {@code Executor}, that guarantees * that every {@code Runnable} that is {@linkplain #add added} will be * {@link Executor#execute(Runnable) executed} in the same order that it was added and also that * execution is delayed until the next call to {@link #execute}. This is particularly useful if * you need to ensure that listeners are not executed with a lock held. * *

While similar, this is different than {@link ExecutionList} which makes much looser guarantees * around ordering and has a notion of state (the executed bit) that this class does not have. * *

Listeners are queued by calling {@link #add} and flushed on calls to {@link #execute()}. * Because calls to {@link #add} may be concurrent with calls to {@link #execute} there is no * guarantee that the queue will be empty after calling {@link #execute}. * *

Exceptions thrown by a listener will be propagated up to the executor. Any exception thrown * during {@code Executor.execute} (e.g., a {@code RejectedExecutionException} or an exception * thrown by {@linkplain MoreExecutors#sameThreadExecutor inline execution}) will be caught and * logged. * * @author Luke Sandberg */ @ThreadSafe final class ExecutionQueue { private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(ExecutionQueue.class.getName()); /** The listeners to execute in order. */ private final ConcurrentLinkedQueue queuedListeners = Queues.newConcurrentLinkedQueue(); /** * This lock is used with {@link RunnableExecutorPair#submit} to ensure that each listener is * executed at most once. */ private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(); /** * Adds the {@code Runnable} and accompanying {@code Executor} to the queue of listeners to * execute. */ void add(Runnable runnable, Executor executor) { queuedListeners.add(new RunnableExecutorPair(runnable, executor)); } /** * Executes all listeners in the queue. However, note that listeners added concurrently with this * method may be executed as part of this call or not, so there is no guarantee that the queue is * empty after calling this method. */ void execute() { // We need to make sure that listeners are submitted to their executors in the correct order. So // we cannot remove a listener from the queue until we know that it has been submited to its // executor. So we use an iterator and only call remove after submit. This iterator is 'weakly // consistent' which means it observes the list in the correct order but not neccesarily all of // it (i.e. concurrently added or removed items may or may not be observed correctly by this // iterator). This is fine because 1. our contract says we may not execute all concurrently // added items and 2. calling listener.submit is idempotent, so it is safe (and generally cheap) // to call it multiple times. Iterator iterator = queuedListeners.iterator(); while (iterator.hasNext()) { iterator.next().submit(); iterator.remove(); } } /** * The listener object for the queue. * *

This ensures that: *

    *
  1. {@link #executor executor}.{@link Executor#execute execute} is called at most once *
  2. {@link #runnable runnable}.{@link Runnable#run run} is called at most once by the * executor *
  3. {@link #lock lock} is not held when {@link #runnable runnable}.{@link Runnable#run run} * is called *
  4. no thread calling {@link #submit} can return until the task has been accepted by the * executor *
*/ private final class RunnableExecutorPair implements Runnable { private final Executor executor; private final Runnable runnable; /** * Should be set to {@code true} after {@link #executor}.{@link Executor#execute execute} has * been called. */ @GuardedBy("lock") private boolean hasBeenExecuted = false; RunnableExecutorPair(Runnable runnable, Executor executor) { this.runnable = checkNotNull(runnable); this.executor = checkNotNull(executor); } /** Submit this listener to its executor */ private void submit() { lock.lock(); try { if (!hasBeenExecuted) { try { executor.execute(this); } catch (Exception e) { logger.log(Level.SEVERE, "Exception while executing listener " + runnable + " with executor " + executor, e); } } } finally { // If the executor was the sameThreadExecutor we may have already released the lock, so // check for that here. if (lock.isHeldByCurrentThread()) { hasBeenExecuted = true; lock.unlock(); } } } @Override public final void run() { // If the executor was the sameThreadExecutor then we might still be holding the lock and // hasBeenExecuted may not have been assigned yet so we unlock now to ensure that we are not // still holding the lock while execute is called. if (lock.isHeldByCurrentThread()) { hasBeenExecuted = true; lock.unlock(); } runnable.run(); } } }




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