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 * Copyright (c) 2009 Luaj.org. All rights reserved.
 *
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 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
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 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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package org.luaj.vm2

import org.luaj.vm2.internal.*

/**
 * Extension of [LuaFunction] which executes lua bytecode.
 *
 *
 * A [LuaClosure] is a combination of a [Prototype]
 * and a [LuaValue] to use as an environment for execution.
 * Normally the [LuaValue] is a [Globals] in which case the environment
 * will contain standard lua libraries.
 *
 *
 *
 * There are three main ways [LuaClosure] instances are created:
 *
 *  * Construct an instance using [.LuaClosure]
 *  * Construct it indirectly by loading a chunk via [Globals.load]
 *  * Execute the lua bytecode [Lua.OP_CLOSURE] as part of bytecode processing
 *
 *
 *
 * To construct it directly, the [Prototype] is typically created via a compiler such as
 * [org.luaj.vm2.compiler.LuaC]:
 * 
 `String script = "print( 'hello, world' )";
 * InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(script.getBytes());
 * Prototype p = LuaC.instance.compile(is, "script");
 * LuaValue globals = JsePlatform.standardGlobals();
 * LuaClosure f = new LuaClosure(p, globals);
 * f.call();
`
* * * * To construct it indirectly, the [Globals.load] method may be used: *
 `Globals globals = JsePlatform.standardGlobals();
 * LuaFunction f = globals.load(new StringReader(script), "script");
 * LuaClosure c = f.checkclosure();  // This may fail if LuaJC is installed.
 * c.call();
`
* * * * In this example, the "checkclosure()" may fail if direct lua-to-java-bytecode * compiling using LuaJC is installed, because no LuaClosure is created in that case * and the value returned is a [LuaFunction] but not a [LuaClosure]. * * * Since a [LuaClosure] is a [LuaFunction] which is a [LuaValue], * all the value operations can be used directly such as: * * * [LuaValue.call] * * [LuaValue.call] * * [LuaValue.invoke] * * [LuaValue.invoke] * * [LuaValue.method] * * [LuaValue.method] * * [LuaValue.invokemethod] * * [LuaValue.invokemethod] * * ... * * @see LuaValue * * @see LuaFunction * * @see LuaValue.isclosure * @see LuaValue.checkclosure * @see LuaValue.optclosure * @see LoadState * * @see Globals.compiler */ class LuaClosure /** Create a closure around a Prototype with a specific environment. * If the prototype has upvalues, the environment will be written into the first upvalue. * @param p the Prototype to construct this Closure for. * @param env the environment to associate with the closure. */ (val p: Prototype, env: LuaValue?) : LuaFunction() { var upValues: Array = when { p.upvalues == null || p.upvalues.isEmpty() -> NOUPVALUES else -> arrayOfNulls(p.upvalues.size).also { it[0] = UpValue(arrayOf(env), 0) } } internal val globals: Globals? = if (env is Globals) env else null override fun isclosure(): Boolean = true override fun optclosure(defval: LuaClosure?): LuaClosure? = this override fun checkclosure(): LuaClosure? = this override fun getmetatable(): LuaValue? = LuaFunction.s_metatable override fun tojstring(): String = "function: $p" override fun call(): LuaValue { val stack = arrayOfNulls(p.maxstacksize) as Array for (i in 0 until p.numparams) stack[i] = LuaValue.NIL return execute(stack, LuaValue.NONE).arg1() } override fun call(arg: LuaValue): LuaValue { val stack = arrayOfNulls(p.maxstacksize) as Array arraycopy(LuaValue.NILS, 0, stack, 0, p.maxstacksize) for (i in 1 until p.numparams) stack[i] = LuaValue.NIL when (p.numparams) { 0 -> return execute(stack, arg).arg1() else -> { stack[0] = arg return execute(stack, LuaValue.NONE).arg1() } } } override fun call(arg1: LuaValue, arg2: LuaValue): LuaValue { val stack = arrayOfNulls(p.maxstacksize) as Array for (i in 2 until p.numparams) stack[i] = LuaValue.NIL when (p.numparams) { 1 -> { stack[0] = arg1 return execute(stack, arg2).arg1() } 0 -> return execute(stack, if (p.is_vararg != 0) LuaValue.varargsOf(arg1, arg2) else LuaValue.NONE).arg1() else -> { stack[0] = arg1 stack[1] = arg2 return execute(stack, LuaValue.NONE).arg1() } } } override fun call(arg1: LuaValue, arg2: LuaValue, arg3: LuaValue): LuaValue { val stack = arrayOfNulls(p.maxstacksize) as Array for (i in 3 until p.numparams) stack[i] = LuaValue.NIL return when (p.numparams) { 0 -> execute(stack, if (p.is_vararg != 0) LuaValue.varargsOf(arg1, arg2, arg3) else LuaValue.NONE).arg1() 1 -> { stack[0] = arg1 execute(stack, if (p.is_vararg != 0) LuaValue.varargsOf(arg2, arg3) else LuaValue.NONE).arg1() } 2 -> { stack[0] = arg1 stack[1] = arg2 execute(stack, arg3).arg1() } else -> { stack[0] = arg1 stack[1] = arg2 stack[2] = arg3 execute(stack, LuaValue.NONE).arg1() } } } override fun invoke(varargs: Varargs): Varargs = onInvoke(varargs).eval() override fun onInvoke(varargs: Varargs): Varargs { val stack = arrayOfNulls(p.maxstacksize) as Array for (i in 0 until p.numparams) stack[i] = varargs.arg(i + 1) return execute(stack, if (p.is_vararg != 0) varargs.subargs(p.numparams + 1) else LuaValue.NONE) } protected fun execute(stack: Array, varargs: Varargs): Varargs { // loop through instructions var i: Int var a: Int var b: Int var c: Int var pc = 0 var top = 0 var o: LuaValue var v: Varargs = LuaValue.NONE val code = p.code val k = p.k // upvalues are only possible when closures create closures // TODO: use linked list. val openups = if (p.p.size > 0) arrayOfNulls(stack.size) else null // allow for debug hooks if (globals != null && globals.debuglib != null) globals.debuglib!!.onCall(this, varargs, stack) // process instructions try { loop@while (true) { if (globals != null && globals.debuglib != null) globals.debuglib!!.onInstruction(pc, v, top) // pull out instruction i = code[pc] a = i shr 6 and 0xff // process the op code when (i and 0x3f) { Lua.OP_MOVE/* A B R(A):= R(B) */ -> { stack[a] = stack[i.ushr(23)] ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_LOADK/* A Bx R(A):= Kst(Bx) */ -> { stack[a] = k[i.ushr(14)] ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_LOADBOOL/* A B C R(A):= (Bool)B: if (C) pc++ */ -> { stack[a] = if (i.ushr(23) != 0) LuaValue.TRUE else LuaValue.FALSE if (i and (0x1ff shl 14) != 0) ++pc /* skip next instruction (if C) */ ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_LOADNIL /* A B R(A):= ...:= R(A+B):= nil */ -> { b = i.ushr(23) while (b-- >= 0) stack[a++] = LuaValue.NIL ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_GETUPVAL /* A B R(A):= UpValue[B] */ -> { stack[a] = upValues[i.ushr(23)]!!.value!! ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_GETTABUP /* A B C R(A) := UpValue[B][RK(C)] */ -> { stack[a] = upValues[i.ushr(23)]!!.value!![if ((run { c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff; c }) > 0xff ) k[c and 0x0ff] else stack[c]] ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_GETTABLE /* A B C R(A):= R(B)[RK(C)] */ -> { stack[a] = stack[i.ushr(23)][if ((run { c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff; c }) > 0xff) k[c and 0x0ff] else stack[c]] ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_SETTABUP /* A B C UpValue[A][RK(B)] := RK(C) */ -> { upValues[a]!!.value!![if ((run { b = i.ushr(23); b }) > 0xff) k[b and 0x0ff] else stack[b]] = if ((run { c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff; c }) > 0xff) k[c and 0x0ff] else stack[c] ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_SETUPVAL /* A B UpValue[B]:= R(A) */ -> { upValues[i.ushr(23)]?.value = stack[a] ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_SETTABLE /* A B C R(A)[RK(B)]:= RK(C) */ -> { stack[a][if ((run { b = i.ushr(23); b }) > 0xff) k[b and 0x0ff] else stack[b]] = if ((run { c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff; c }) > 0xff) k[c and 0x0ff] else stack[c] ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_NEWTABLE /* A B C R(A):= {} (size = B,C) */ -> { stack[a] = LuaTable(i.ushr(23), i shr 14 and 0x1ff) ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_SELF /* A B C R(A+1):= R(B): R(A):= R(B)[RK(C)] */ -> { stack[a + 1] = (run { o = stack[i.ushr(23)]; o }) stack[a] = o[if ((run { c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff; c }) > 0xff) k[c and 0x0ff] else stack[c]] ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_ADD /* A B C R(A):= RK(B) + RK(C) */ -> { stack[a] = (if ((run { b = i.ushr(23); b }) > 0xff) k[b and 0x0ff] else stack[b]).add( if ((run { c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff; c }) > 0xff) k[c and 0x0ff] else stack[c] ) ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_SUB /* A B C R(A):= RK(B) - RK(C) */ -> { stack[a] = (if ((run { b = i.ushr(23); b }) > 0xff) k[b and 0x0ff] else stack[b]).sub( if ((run { c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff; c }) > 0xff) k[c and 0x0ff] else stack[c] ) ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_MUL /* A B C R(A):= RK(B) * RK(C) */ -> { stack[a] = (if ((run { b = i.ushr(23); b }) > 0xff) k[b and 0x0ff] else stack[b]).mul( if ((run { c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff; c }) > 0xff) k[c and 0x0ff] else stack[c] ) ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_DIV /* A B C R(A):= RK(B) / RK(C) */ -> { stack[a] = (if ((run { b = i.ushr(23); b }) > 0xff) k[b and 0x0ff] else stack[b]).div( if ((run { c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff; c }) > 0xff) k[c and 0x0ff] else stack[c] ) ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_MOD /* A B C R(A):= RK(B) % RK(C) */ -> { stack[a] = (if ((run { b = i.ushr(23); b }) > 0xff) k[b and 0x0ff] else stack[b]).mod( if ((run { c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff; c }) > 0xff) k[c and 0x0ff] else stack[c] ) ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_POW /* A B C R(A):= RK(B) ^ RK(C) */ -> { stack[a] = (if ((run { b = i.ushr(23); b }) > 0xff) k[b and 0x0ff] else stack[b]).pow( if ((run { c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff; c }) > 0xff) k[c and 0x0ff] else stack[c] ) ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_UNM /* A B R(A):= -R(B) */ -> { stack[a] = stack[i.ushr(23)].neg() ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_NOT /* A B R(A):= not R(B) */ -> { stack[a] = stack[i.ushr(23)].not() ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_LEN /* A B R(A):= length of R(B) */ -> { stack[a] = stack[i.ushr(23)].len() ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_CONCAT /* A B C R(A):= R(B).. ... ..R(C) */ -> { b = i.ushr(23) c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff run { if (c > b + 1) { var sb = stack[c].buffer() while (--c >= b) sb = stack[c].concat(sb) stack[a] = sb.value() } else { stack[a] = stack[c - 1].concat(stack[c]) } } ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_JMP /* sBx pc+=sBx */ -> { pc += i.ushr(14) - 0x1ffff if (a > 0) { --a b = openups!!.size while (--b >= 0) if (openups[b] != null && openups[b]!!.index >= a) { openups[b]!!.close() openups[b] = null } } ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_EQ /* A B C if ((RK(B) == RK(C)) ~= A) then pc++ */ -> { if ((if ((run { b = i.ushr(23); b }) > 0xff) k[b and 0x0ff] else stack[b]).eq_b( if ((run { c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff; c }) > 0xff) k[c and 0x0ff] else stack[c] ) != (a != 0) ) ++pc ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_LT /* A B C if ((RK(B) < RK(C)) ~= A) then pc++ */ -> { if ((if ((run { b = i.ushr(23); b }) > 0xff) k[b and 0x0ff] else stack[b]).lt_b( if ((run { c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff; c }) > 0xff) k[c and 0x0ff] else stack[c] ) != (a != 0) ) ++pc ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_LE /* A B C if ((RK(B) <= RK(C)) ~= A) then pc++ */ -> { if ((if ((run { b = i.ushr(23); b }) > 0xff) k[b and 0x0ff] else stack[b]).lteq_b( if ((run { c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff; c }) > 0xff) k[c and 0x0ff] else stack[c] ) != (a != 0) ) ++pc ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_TEST /* A C if not (R(A) <=> C) then pc++ */ -> { if (stack[a].toboolean() != (i and (0x1ff shl 14) != 0)) ++pc ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_TESTSET /* A B C if (R(B) <=> C) then R(A):= R(B) else pc++ */ -> { /* note: doc appears to be reversed */ if ((run { o = stack[i.ushr(23)]; o }).toboolean() != (i and (0x1ff shl 14) != 0)) ++pc else stack[a] = o // TODO: should be sBx? ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_CALL /* A B C R(A), ... ,R(A+C-2):= R(A)(R(A+1), ... ,R(A+B-1)) */ -> when (i and (Lua.MASK_B or Lua.MASK_C)) { 1 shl Lua.POS_B or (0 shl Lua.POS_C) -> { v = stack[a].invoke(LuaValue.NONE) top = a + v.narg() ++pc continue@loop } 2 shl Lua.POS_B or (0 shl Lua.POS_C) -> { v = stack[a].invoke(stack[a + 1]) top = a + v.narg() ++pc continue@loop } 1 shl Lua.POS_B or (1 shl Lua.POS_C) -> { stack[a].call() ++pc continue@loop } 2 shl Lua.POS_B or (1 shl Lua.POS_C) -> { stack[a].call(stack[a + 1]) ++pc continue@loop } 3 shl Lua.POS_B or (1 shl Lua.POS_C) -> { stack[a].call(stack[a + 1], stack[a + 2]) ++pc continue@loop } 4 shl Lua.POS_B or (1 shl Lua.POS_C) -> { stack[a].call(stack[a + 1], stack[a + 2], stack[a + 3]) ++pc continue@loop } 1 shl Lua.POS_B or (2 shl Lua.POS_C) -> { stack[a] = stack[a].call() ++pc continue@loop } 2 shl Lua.POS_B or (2 shl Lua.POS_C) -> { stack[a] = stack[a].call(stack[a + 1]) ++pc continue@loop } 3 shl Lua.POS_B or (2 shl Lua.POS_C) -> { stack[a] = stack[a].call(stack[a + 1], stack[a + 2]) ++pc continue@loop } 4 shl Lua.POS_B or (2 shl Lua.POS_C) -> { stack[a] = stack[a].call(stack[a + 1], stack[a + 2], stack[a + 3]) ++pc continue@loop } else -> { b = i.ushr(23) c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff v = stack[a].invoke( if (b > 0) LuaValue.varargsOf(stack, a + 1, b - 1) else // exact arg count LuaValue.varargsOf(stack, a + 1, top - v.narg() - (a + 1), v) ) // from prev top if (c > 0) { v.copyto(stack, a, c - 1) v = LuaValue.NONE } else { top = a + v.narg() v = v.dealias() } ++pc continue@loop } } Lua.OP_TAILCALL /* A B C return R(A)(R(A+1), ... ,R(A+B-1)) */ -> when (i and Lua.MASK_B) { 1 shl Lua.POS_B -> return TailcallVarargs(stack[a], LuaValue.NONE) 2 shl Lua.POS_B -> return TailcallVarargs(stack[a], stack[a + 1]) 3 shl Lua.POS_B -> return TailcallVarargs( stack[a], LuaValue.varargsOf(stack[a + 1], stack[a + 2]) ) 4 shl Lua.POS_B -> return TailcallVarargs( stack[a], LuaValue.varargsOf(stack[a + 1], stack[a + 2], stack[a + 3]) ) else -> { b = i.ushr(23) v = if (b > 0) LuaValue.varargsOf(stack, a + 1, b - 1) else // exact arg count LuaValue.varargsOf(stack, a + 1, top - v.narg() - (a + 1), v) // from prev top return TailcallVarargs(stack[a], v) } } Lua.OP_RETURN /* A B return R(A), ... ,R(A+B-2) (see note) */ -> { b = i.ushr(23) when (b) { 0 -> return LuaValue.varargsOf(stack, a, top - v.narg() - a, v) 1 -> return LuaValue.NONE 2 -> return stack[a] else -> return LuaValue.varargsOf(stack, a, b - 1) } } Lua.OP_FORLOOP /* A sBx R(A)+=R(A+2): if R(A) { run { val limit = stack[a + 1] val step = stack[a + 2] val idx = step.add(stack[a]) if (if (step.gt_b(0)) idx.lteq_b(limit) else idx.gteq_b(limit)) { stack[a] = idx stack[a + 3] = idx pc += i.ushr(14) - 0x1ffff } } ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_FORPREP /* A sBx R(A)-=R(A+2): pc+=sBx */ -> { run { val init = stack[a].checknumber("'for' initial value must be a number") val limit = stack[a + 1].checknumber("'for' limit must be a number") val step = stack[a + 2].checknumber("'for' step must be a number") stack[a] = init.sub(step) stack[a + 1] = limit stack[a + 2] = step pc += i.ushr(14) - 0x1ffff } ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_TFORCALL /* A C R(A+3), ... ,R(A+2+C) := R(A)(R(A+1), R(A+2)); */ -> { v = stack[a].invoke(LuaValue.varargsOf(stack[a + 1], stack[a + 2])) c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff while (--c >= 0) stack[a + 3 + c] = v.arg(c + 1) v = LuaValue.NONE ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_TFORLOOP /* A sBx if R(A+1) ~= nil then { R(A)=R(A+1); pc += sBx */ -> { if (!stack[a + 1].isnil()) { /* continue loop? */ stack[a] = stack[a + 1] /* save control varible. */ pc += i.ushr(14) - 0x1ffff } ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_SETLIST /* A B C R(A)[(C-1)*FPF+i]:= R(A+i), 1 <= i <= B */ -> { run { if ((run { c = i shr 14 and 0x1ff; c }) == 0) c = code[++pc] val offset = (c - 1) * Lua.LFIELDS_PER_FLUSH o = stack[a] if ((run { b = i.ushr(23); b }) == 0) { b = top - a - 1 val m = b - v.narg() var j = 1 while (j <= m) { o[offset + j] = stack[a + j] j++ } while (j <= b) { o[offset + j] = v.arg(j - m) j++ } } else { o.presize(offset + b) for (j in 1..b) o[offset + j] = stack[a + j] } } ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_CLOSURE /* A Bx R(A):= closure(KPROTO[Bx]) */ -> { run { val newp = p.p[i.ushr(14)] val ncl = LuaClosure(newp, globals) val uv = newp.upvalues var j = 0 val nup = uv.size while (j < nup) { if (uv[j].instack) /* upvalue refes to local variable? */ ncl.upValues[j] = findupval(stack as Array, uv[j].idx, openups!!) else /* get upvalue from enclosing function */ ncl.upValues[j] = upValues[uv[j].idx.toInt()] ++j } stack[a] = ncl } ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_VARARG /* A B R(A), R(A+1), ..., R(A+B-1) = vararg */ -> { b = i.ushr(23) if (b == 0) { top = a + (run { b = varargs.narg(); b }) v = varargs } else { for (j in 1 until b) stack[a + j - 1] = varargs.arg(j) } ++pc continue@loop } Lua.OP_EXTRAARG -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Uexecutable opcode: OP_EXTRAARG") else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Illegal opcode: " + (i and 0x3f)) } ++pc } } catch (le: LuaError) { if (le.traceback == null) processErrorHooks(le, p, pc) throw le } catch (e: Exception) { val le = LuaError(e) processErrorHooks(le, p, pc) throw le } finally { if (openups != null) { var u = openups.size while (--u >= 0) if (openups[u] != null) openups[u]!!.close() } if (globals != null && globals.debuglib != null) globals.debuglib!!.onReturn() } } /** * Run the error hook if there is one * @param msg the message to use in error hook processing. */ internal fun errorHook(msg: String, level: Int): String { if (globals == null) return msg val r = globals.running if (r.errorfunc == null) return if (globals.debuglib != null) msg + "\n" + globals.debuglib!!.traceback(level) else msg val e = r.errorfunc r.errorfunc = null return try { e!!.call(LuaValue.valueOf(msg)).tojstring() } catch (t: Throwable) { "error in error handling" } finally { r.errorfunc = e } } private fun processErrorHooks(le: LuaError, p: Prototype, pc: Int) { le.fileline = ((if (p.source != null) p.source.tojstring() else "?") + ":" + if (p.lineinfo != null && pc >= 0 && pc < p.lineinfo.size) p.lineinfo[pc].toString() else "?") le.traceback = errorHook(le.message!!, le.level) } private fun findupval(stack: Array, idx: Short, openups: Array): UpValue? { val n = openups.size for (i in 0 until n) if (openups[i] != null && openups[i]!!.index == idx.toInt()) return openups[i] for (i in 0 until n) if (openups[i] == null) return UpValue(stack, idx.toInt()).also { openups[i] = it } LuaValue.error("No space for upvalue") return null } protected fun getUpvalue(i: Int): LuaValue? = upValues[i]?.value protected fun setUpvalue(i: Int, v: LuaValue) { upValues[i]?.value = v } override fun name(): String = "<" + p.shortsource() + ":" + p.linedefined + ">" companion object { private val NOUPVALUES = arrayOfNulls(0) } }




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