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/*
* Copyright (C) 2013 Square, Inc.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package okhttp3.internal.http2;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import okhttp3.internal.Util;
import okio.Buffer;
import okio.BufferedSource;
import okio.ByteString;
import okio.Okio;
import okio.Source;
/**
* Read and write HPACK v10.
*
* http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-header-compression-12
*
* This implementation uses an array for the dynamic table and a list for indexed entries. Dynamic
* entries are added to the array, starting in the last position moving forward. When the array
* fills, it is doubled.
*/
final class Hpack {
private static final int PREFIX_4_BITS = 0x0f;
private static final int PREFIX_5_BITS = 0x1f;
private static final int PREFIX_6_BITS = 0x3f;
private static final int PREFIX_7_BITS = 0x7f;
static final Header[] STATIC_HEADER_TABLE = new Header[] {
new Header(Header.TARGET_AUTHORITY, ""),
new Header(Header.TARGET_METHOD, "GET"),
new Header(Header.TARGET_METHOD, "POST"),
new Header(Header.TARGET_PATH, "/"),
new Header(Header.TARGET_PATH, "/index.html"),
new Header(Header.TARGET_SCHEME, "http"),
new Header(Header.TARGET_SCHEME, "https"),
new Header(Header.RESPONSE_STATUS, "200"),
new Header(Header.RESPONSE_STATUS, "204"),
new Header(Header.RESPONSE_STATUS, "206"),
new Header(Header.RESPONSE_STATUS, "304"),
new Header(Header.RESPONSE_STATUS, "400"),
new Header(Header.RESPONSE_STATUS, "404"),
new Header(Header.RESPONSE_STATUS, "500"),
new Header("accept-charset", ""),
new Header("accept-encoding", "gzip, deflate"),
new Header("accept-language", ""),
new Header("accept-ranges", ""),
new Header("accept", ""),
new Header("access-control-allow-origin", ""),
new Header("age", ""),
new Header("allow", ""),
new Header("authorization", ""),
new Header("cache-control", ""),
new Header("content-disposition", ""),
new Header("content-encoding", ""),
new Header("content-language", ""),
new Header("content-length", ""),
new Header("content-location", ""),
new Header("content-range", ""),
new Header("content-type", ""),
new Header("cookie", ""),
new Header("date", ""),
new Header("etag", ""),
new Header("expect", ""),
new Header("expires", ""),
new Header("from", ""),
new Header("host", ""),
new Header("if-match", ""),
new Header("if-modified-since", ""),
new Header("if-none-match", ""),
new Header("if-range", ""),
new Header("if-unmodified-since", ""),
new Header("last-modified", ""),
new Header("link", ""),
new Header("location", ""),
new Header("max-forwards", ""),
new Header("proxy-authenticate", ""),
new Header("proxy-authorization", ""),
new Header("range", ""),
new Header("referer", ""),
new Header("refresh", ""),
new Header("retry-after", ""),
new Header("server", ""),
new Header("set-cookie", ""),
new Header("strict-transport-security", ""),
new Header("transfer-encoding", ""),
new Header("user-agent", ""),
new Header("vary", ""),
new Header("via", ""),
new Header("www-authenticate", "")
};
private Hpack() {
}
// http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-header-compression-12#section-3.1
static final class Reader {
private final List headerList = new ArrayList<>();
private final BufferedSource source;
private final int headerTableSizeSetting;
private int maxDynamicTableByteCount;
// Visible for testing.
Header[] dynamicTable = new Header[8];
// Array is populated back to front, so new entries always have lowest index.
int nextHeaderIndex = dynamicTable.length - 1;
int headerCount = 0;
int dynamicTableByteCount = 0;
Reader(int headerTableSizeSetting, Source source) {
this(headerTableSizeSetting, headerTableSizeSetting, source);
}
Reader(int headerTableSizeSetting, int maxDynamicTableByteCount, Source source) {
this.headerTableSizeSetting = headerTableSizeSetting;
this.maxDynamicTableByteCount = maxDynamicTableByteCount;
this.source = Okio.buffer(source);
}
int maxDynamicTableByteCount() {
return maxDynamicTableByteCount;
}
private void adjustDynamicTableByteCount() {
if (maxDynamicTableByteCount < dynamicTableByteCount) {
if (maxDynamicTableByteCount == 0) {
clearDynamicTable();
} else {
evictToRecoverBytes(dynamicTableByteCount - maxDynamicTableByteCount);
}
}
}
private void clearDynamicTable() {
Arrays.fill(dynamicTable, null);
nextHeaderIndex = dynamicTable.length - 1;
headerCount = 0;
dynamicTableByteCount = 0;
}
/** Returns the count of entries evicted. */
private int evictToRecoverBytes(int bytesToRecover) {
int entriesToEvict = 0;
if (bytesToRecover > 0) {
// determine how many headers need to be evicted.
for (int j = dynamicTable.length - 1; j >= nextHeaderIndex && bytesToRecover > 0; j--) {
bytesToRecover -= dynamicTable[j].hpackSize;
dynamicTableByteCount -= dynamicTable[j].hpackSize;
headerCount--;
entriesToEvict++;
}
System.arraycopy(dynamicTable, nextHeaderIndex + 1, dynamicTable,
nextHeaderIndex + 1 + entriesToEvict, headerCount);
nextHeaderIndex += entriesToEvict;
}
return entriesToEvict;
}
/**
* Read {@code byteCount} bytes of headers from the source stream. This implementation does not
* propagate the never indexed flag of a header.
*/
void readHeaders() throws IOException {
while (!source.exhausted()) {
int b = source.readByte() & 0xff;
if (b == 0x80) { // 10000000
throw new IOException("index == 0");
} else if ((b & 0x80) == 0x80) { // 1NNNNNNN
int index = readInt(b, PREFIX_7_BITS);
readIndexedHeader(index - 1);
} else if (b == 0x40) { // 01000000
readLiteralHeaderWithIncrementalIndexingNewName();
} else if ((b & 0x40) == 0x40) { // 01NNNNNN
int index = readInt(b, PREFIX_6_BITS);
readLiteralHeaderWithIncrementalIndexingIndexedName(index - 1);
} else if ((b & 0x20) == 0x20) { // 001NNNNN
maxDynamicTableByteCount = readInt(b, PREFIX_5_BITS);
if (maxDynamicTableByteCount < 0
|| maxDynamicTableByteCount > headerTableSizeSetting) {
throw new IOException("Invalid dynamic table size update " + maxDynamicTableByteCount);
}
adjustDynamicTableByteCount();
} else if (b == 0x10 || b == 0) { // 000?0000 - Ignore never indexed bit.
readLiteralHeaderWithoutIndexingNewName();
} else { // 000?NNNN - Ignore never indexed bit.
int index = readInt(b, PREFIX_4_BITS);
readLiteralHeaderWithoutIndexingIndexedName(index - 1);
}
}
}
public List getAndResetHeaderList() {
List result = new ArrayList<>(headerList);
headerList.clear();
return result;
}
private void readIndexedHeader(int index) throws IOException {
if (isStaticHeader(index)) {
Header staticEntry = STATIC_HEADER_TABLE[index];
headerList.add(staticEntry);
} else {
int dynamicTableIndex = dynamicTableIndex(index - STATIC_HEADER_TABLE.length);
if (dynamicTableIndex < 0 || dynamicTableIndex >= dynamicTable.length) {
throw new IOException("Header index too large " + (index + 1));
}
headerList.add(dynamicTable[dynamicTableIndex]);
}
}
// referencedHeaders is relative to nextHeaderIndex + 1.
private int dynamicTableIndex(int index) {
return nextHeaderIndex + 1 + index;
}
private void readLiteralHeaderWithoutIndexingIndexedName(int index) throws IOException {
ByteString name = getName(index);
ByteString value = readByteString();
headerList.add(new Header(name, value));
}
private void readLiteralHeaderWithoutIndexingNewName() throws IOException {
ByteString name = checkLowercase(readByteString());
ByteString value = readByteString();
headerList.add(new Header(name, value));
}
private void readLiteralHeaderWithIncrementalIndexingIndexedName(int nameIndex)
throws IOException {
ByteString name = getName(nameIndex);
ByteString value = readByteString();
insertIntoDynamicTable(-1, new Header(name, value));
}
private void readLiteralHeaderWithIncrementalIndexingNewName() throws IOException {
ByteString name = checkLowercase(readByteString());
ByteString value = readByteString();
insertIntoDynamicTable(-1, new Header(name, value));
}
private ByteString getName(int index) throws IOException {
if (isStaticHeader(index)) {
return STATIC_HEADER_TABLE[index].name;
} else {
int dynamicTableIndex = dynamicTableIndex(index - STATIC_HEADER_TABLE.length);
if (dynamicTableIndex < 0 || dynamicTableIndex >= dynamicTable.length) {
throw new IOException("Header index too large " + (index + 1));
}
return dynamicTable[dynamicTableIndex].name;
}
}
private boolean isStaticHeader(int index) {
return index >= 0 && index <= STATIC_HEADER_TABLE.length - 1;
}
/** index == -1 when new. */
private void insertIntoDynamicTable(int index, Header entry) {
headerList.add(entry);
int delta = entry.hpackSize;
if (index != -1) { // Index -1 == new header.
delta -= dynamicTable[dynamicTableIndex(index)].hpackSize;
}
// if the new or replacement header is too big, drop all entries.
if (delta > maxDynamicTableByteCount) {
clearDynamicTable();
return;
}
// Evict headers to the required length.
int bytesToRecover = (dynamicTableByteCount + delta) - maxDynamicTableByteCount;
int entriesEvicted = evictToRecoverBytes(bytesToRecover);
if (index == -1) { // Adding a value to the dynamic table.
if (headerCount + 1 > dynamicTable.length) { // Need to grow the dynamic table.
Header[] doubled = new Header[dynamicTable.length * 2];
System.arraycopy(dynamicTable, 0, doubled, dynamicTable.length, dynamicTable.length);
nextHeaderIndex = dynamicTable.length - 1;
dynamicTable = doubled;
}
index = nextHeaderIndex--;
dynamicTable[index] = entry;
headerCount++;
} else { // Replace value at same position.
index += dynamicTableIndex(index) + entriesEvicted;
dynamicTable[index] = entry;
}
dynamicTableByteCount += delta;
}
private int readByte() throws IOException {
return source.readByte() & 0xff;
}
int readInt(int firstByte, int prefixMask) throws IOException {
int prefix = firstByte & prefixMask;
if (prefix < prefixMask) {
return prefix; // This was a single byte value.
}
// This is a multibyte value. Read 7 bits at a time.
int result = prefixMask;
int shift = 0;
while (true) {
int b = readByte();
if ((b & 0x80) != 0) { // Equivalent to (b >= 128) since b is in [0..255].
result += (b & 0x7f) << shift;
shift += 7;
} else {
result += b << shift; // Last byte.
break;
}
}
return result;
}
/** Reads a potentially Huffman encoded byte string. */
ByteString readByteString() throws IOException {
int firstByte = readByte();
boolean huffmanDecode = (firstByte & 0x80) == 0x80; // 1NNNNNNN
int length = readInt(firstByte, PREFIX_7_BITS);
if (huffmanDecode) {
return ByteString.of(Huffman.get().decode(source.readByteArray(length)));
} else {
return source.readByteString(length);
}
}
}
static final Map NAME_TO_FIRST_INDEX = nameToFirstIndex();
private static Map nameToFirstIndex() {
Map result = new LinkedHashMap<>(STATIC_HEADER_TABLE.length);
for (int i = 0; i < STATIC_HEADER_TABLE.length; i++) {
if (!result.containsKey(STATIC_HEADER_TABLE[i].name)) {
result.put(STATIC_HEADER_TABLE[i].name, i);
}
}
return Collections.unmodifiableMap(result);
}
static final class Writer {
private static final int SETTINGS_HEADER_TABLE_SIZE = 4096;
/**
* The decoder has ultimate control of the maximum size of the dynamic table but we can choose
* to use less. We'll put a cap at 16K. This is arbitrary but should be enough for most
* purposes.
*/
private static final int SETTINGS_HEADER_TABLE_SIZE_LIMIT = 16384;
private final Buffer out;
private final boolean useCompression;
/**
* In the scenario where the dynamic table size changes multiple times between transmission of
* header blocks, we need to keep track of the smallest value in that interval.
*/
private int smallestHeaderTableSizeSetting = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
private boolean emitDynamicTableSizeUpdate;
int headerTableSizeSetting;
int maxDynamicTableByteCount;
// Visible for testing.
Header[] dynamicTable = new Header[8];
// Array is populated back to front, so new entries always have lowest index.
int nextHeaderIndex = dynamicTable.length - 1;
int headerCount = 0;
int dynamicTableByteCount = 0;
Writer(Buffer out) {
this(SETTINGS_HEADER_TABLE_SIZE, true, out);
}
Writer(int headerTableSizeSetting, boolean useCompression, Buffer out) {
this.headerTableSizeSetting = headerTableSizeSetting;
this.maxDynamicTableByteCount = headerTableSizeSetting;
this.useCompression = useCompression;
this.out = out;
}
private void clearDynamicTable() {
Arrays.fill(dynamicTable, null);
nextHeaderIndex = dynamicTable.length - 1;
headerCount = 0;
dynamicTableByteCount = 0;
}
/** Returns the count of entries evicted. */
private int evictToRecoverBytes(int bytesToRecover) {
int entriesToEvict = 0;
if (bytesToRecover > 0) {
// determine how many headers need to be evicted.
for (int j = dynamicTable.length - 1; j >= nextHeaderIndex && bytesToRecover > 0; j--) {
bytesToRecover -= dynamicTable[j].hpackSize;
dynamicTableByteCount -= dynamicTable[j].hpackSize;
headerCount--;
entriesToEvict++;
}
System.arraycopy(dynamicTable, nextHeaderIndex + 1, dynamicTable,
nextHeaderIndex + 1 + entriesToEvict, headerCount);
Arrays.fill(dynamicTable, nextHeaderIndex + 1, nextHeaderIndex + 1 + entriesToEvict, null);
nextHeaderIndex += entriesToEvict;
}
return entriesToEvict;
}
private void insertIntoDynamicTable(Header entry) {
int delta = entry.hpackSize;
// if the new or replacement header is too big, drop all entries.
if (delta > maxDynamicTableByteCount) {
clearDynamicTable();
return;
}
// Evict headers to the required length.
int bytesToRecover = (dynamicTableByteCount + delta) - maxDynamicTableByteCount;
evictToRecoverBytes(bytesToRecover);
if (headerCount + 1 > dynamicTable.length) { // Need to grow the dynamic table.
Header[] doubled = new Header[dynamicTable.length * 2];
System.arraycopy(dynamicTable, 0, doubled, dynamicTable.length, dynamicTable.length);
nextHeaderIndex = dynamicTable.length - 1;
dynamicTable = doubled;
}
int index = nextHeaderIndex--;
dynamicTable[index] = entry;
headerCount++;
dynamicTableByteCount += delta;
}
/** This does not use "never indexed" semantics for sensitive headers. */
// http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-header-compression-12#section-6.2.3
void writeHeaders(List headerBlock) throws IOException {
if (emitDynamicTableSizeUpdate) {
if (smallestHeaderTableSizeSetting < maxDynamicTableByteCount) {
// Multiple dynamic table size updates!
writeInt(smallestHeaderTableSizeSetting, PREFIX_5_BITS, 0x20);
}
emitDynamicTableSizeUpdate = false;
smallestHeaderTableSizeSetting = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
writeInt(maxDynamicTableByteCount, PREFIX_5_BITS, 0x20);
}
for (int i = 0, size = headerBlock.size(); i < size; i++) {
Header header = headerBlock.get(i);
ByteString name = header.name.toAsciiLowercase();
ByteString value = header.value;
int headerIndex = -1;
int headerNameIndex = -1;
Integer staticIndex = NAME_TO_FIRST_INDEX.get(name);
if (staticIndex != null) {
headerNameIndex = staticIndex + 1;
if (headerNameIndex > 1 && headerNameIndex < 8) {
// Only search a subset of the static header table. Most entries have an empty value, so
// it's unnecessary to waste cycles looking at them. This check is built on the
// observation that the header entries we care about are in adjacent pairs, and we
// always know the first index of the pair.
if (Util.equal(STATIC_HEADER_TABLE[headerNameIndex - 1].value, value)) {
headerIndex = headerNameIndex;
} else if (Util.equal(STATIC_HEADER_TABLE[headerNameIndex].value, value)) {
headerIndex = headerNameIndex + 1;
}
}
}
if (headerIndex == -1) {
for (int j = nextHeaderIndex + 1, length = dynamicTable.length; j < length; j++) {
if (Util.equal(dynamicTable[j].name, name)) {
if (Util.equal(dynamicTable[j].value, value)) {
headerIndex = j - nextHeaderIndex + STATIC_HEADER_TABLE.length;
break;
} else if (headerNameIndex == -1) {
headerNameIndex = j - nextHeaderIndex + STATIC_HEADER_TABLE.length;
}
}
}
}
if (headerIndex != -1) {
// Indexed Header Field.
writeInt(headerIndex, PREFIX_7_BITS, 0x80);
} else if (headerNameIndex == -1) {
// Literal Header Field with Incremental Indexing - New Name.
out.writeByte(0x40);
writeByteString(name);
writeByteString(value);
insertIntoDynamicTable(header);
} else if (name.startsWith(Header.PSEUDO_PREFIX) && !Header.TARGET_AUTHORITY.equals(name)) {
// Follow Chromes lead - only include the :authority pseudo header, but exclude all other
// pseudo headers. Literal Header Field without Indexing - Indexed Name.
writeInt(headerNameIndex, PREFIX_4_BITS, 0);
writeByteString(value);
} else {
// Literal Header Field with Incremental Indexing - Indexed Name.
writeInt(headerNameIndex, PREFIX_6_BITS, 0x40);
writeByteString(value);
insertIntoDynamicTable(header);
}
}
}
// http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-header-compression-12#section-4.1.1
void writeInt(int value, int prefixMask, int bits) {
// Write the raw value for a single byte value.
if (value < prefixMask) {
out.writeByte(bits | value);
return;
}
// Write the mask to start a multibyte value.
out.writeByte(bits | prefixMask);
value -= prefixMask;
// Write 7 bits at a time 'til we're done.
while (value >= 0x80) {
int b = value & 0x7f;
out.writeByte(b | 0x80);
value >>>= 7;
}
out.writeByte(value);
}
void writeByteString(ByteString data) throws IOException {
if (useCompression && Huffman.get().encodedLength(data) < data.size()) {
Buffer huffmanBuffer = new Buffer();
Huffman.get().encode(data, huffmanBuffer);
ByteString huffmanBytes = huffmanBuffer.readByteString();
writeInt(huffmanBytes.size(), PREFIX_7_BITS, 0x80);
out.write(huffmanBytes);
} else {
writeInt(data.size(), PREFIX_7_BITS, 0);
out.write(data);
}
}
void setHeaderTableSizeSetting(int headerTableSizeSetting) {
this.headerTableSizeSetting = headerTableSizeSetting;
int effectiveHeaderTableSize = Math.min(headerTableSizeSetting,
SETTINGS_HEADER_TABLE_SIZE_LIMIT);
if (maxDynamicTableByteCount == effectiveHeaderTableSize) return; // No change.
if (effectiveHeaderTableSize < maxDynamicTableByteCount) {
smallestHeaderTableSizeSetting = Math.min(smallestHeaderTableSizeSetting,
effectiveHeaderTableSize);
}
emitDynamicTableSizeUpdate = true;
maxDynamicTableByteCount = effectiveHeaderTableSize;
adjustDynamicTableByteCount();
}
private void adjustDynamicTableByteCount() {
if (maxDynamicTableByteCount < dynamicTableByteCount) {
if (maxDynamicTableByteCount == 0) {
clearDynamicTable();
} else {
evictToRecoverBytes(dynamicTableByteCount - maxDynamicTableByteCount);
}
}
}
}
/**
* An HTTP/2 response cannot contain uppercase header characters and must be treated as
* malformed.
*/
static ByteString checkLowercase(ByteString name) throws IOException {
for (int i = 0, length = name.size(); i < length; i++) {
byte c = name.getByte(i);
if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') {
throw new IOException("PROTOCOL_ERROR response malformed: mixed case name: " + name.utf8());
}
}
return name;
}
}
