org.apache.cassandra.db.Directories Maven / Gradle / Ivy
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* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.cassandra.db;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileFilter;
import java.io.IOError;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
import com.google.common.primitives.Longs;
import com.google.common.util.concurrent.Uninterruptibles;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.apache.cassandra.config.*;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.LeveledManifest;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.FSError;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.FSWriteError;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.util.FileUtils;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.*;
import org.apache.cassandra.service.StorageService;
import org.apache.cassandra.utils.Pair;
/**
* Encapsulate handling of paths to the data files.
*
* The directory layout is the following:
* //ks/cf1/ks-cf1-hb-1-Data.db
* /cf2/ks-cf2-hb-1-Data.db
* ...
*
* In addition, more that one 'root' data directory can be specified so that
* potentially represents multiple locations.
* Note that in the case of multiple locations, the manifest for the leveled
* compaction is only in one of the location.
*
* Snapshots (resp. backups) are always created along the sstables thare are
* snapshoted (resp. backuped) but inside a subdirectory named 'snapshots'
* (resp. backups) (and snapshots are furter inside a subdirectory of the name
* of the snapshot).
*
* This class abstracts all those details from the rest of the code.
*/
public class Directories
{
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Directories.class);
public static final String BACKUPS_SUBDIR = "backups";
public static final String SNAPSHOT_SUBDIR = "snapshots";
public static final String SECONDARY_INDEX_NAME_SEPARATOR = ".";
public static final DataDirectory[] dataFileLocations;
static
{
String[] locations = DatabaseDescriptor.getAllDataFileLocations();
dataFileLocations = new DataDirectory[locations.length];
for (int i = 0; i < locations.length; ++i)
dataFileLocations[i] = new DataDirectory(new File(locations[i]));
}
/**
* Checks whether Cassandra has RWX permissions to the specified directory.
*
* @param dir File object of the directory.
* @param dataDir String representation of the directory's location
* @return status representing Cassandra's RWX permissions to the supplied folder location.
*/
public static boolean hasFullPermissions(File dir, String dataDir)
{
if (!dir.isDirectory())
{
logger.error("Not a directory {}", dataDir);
return false;
}
else if (!FileAction.hasPrivilege(dir, FileAction.X))
{
logger.error("Doesn't have execute permissions for {} directory", dataDir);
return false;
}
else if (!FileAction.hasPrivilege(dir, FileAction.R))
{
logger.error("Doesn't have read permissions for {} directory", dataDir);
return false;
}
else if (dir.exists() && !FileAction.hasPrivilege(dir, FileAction.W))
{
logger.error("Doesn't have write permissions for {} directory", dataDir);
return false;
}
return true;
}
public enum FileAction
{
X, W, XW, R, XR, RW, XRW;
private FileAction()
{
}
public static boolean hasPrivilege(File file, FileAction action)
{
boolean privilege = false;
switch (action) {
case X:
privilege = file.canExecute();
break;
case W:
privilege = file.canWrite();
break;
case XW:
privilege = file.canExecute() && file.canWrite();
break;
case R:
privilege = file.canRead();
break;
case XR:
privilege = file.canExecute() && file.canRead();
break;
case RW:
privilege = file.canRead() && file.canWrite();
break;
case XRW:
privilege = file.canExecute() && file.canRead() && file.canWrite();
break;
}
return privilege;
}
}
private final String keyspacename;
private final String cfname;
private final File[] sstableDirectories;
public static Directories create(String keyspacename, String cfname)
{
int idx = cfname.indexOf(SECONDARY_INDEX_NAME_SEPARATOR);
if (idx > 0)
// secondary index, goes in the same directory than the base cf
return new Directories(keyspacename, cfname, cfname.substring(0, idx));
else
return new Directories(keyspacename, cfname, cfname);
}
private Directories(String keyspacename, String cfname, String directoryName)
{
this.keyspacename = keyspacename;
this.cfname = cfname;
this.sstableDirectories = new File[dataFileLocations.length];
for (int i = 0; i < dataFileLocations.length; ++i)
sstableDirectories[i] = new File(dataFileLocations[i].location, join(keyspacename, directoryName));
if (!StorageService.instance.isClientMode())
{
for (File dir : sstableDirectories)
{
try
{
FileUtils.createDirectory(dir);
}
catch (FSError e)
{
// don't just let the default exception handler do this, we need the create loop to continue
logger.error("Failed to create {} directory", dir);
FileUtils.handleFSError(e);
}
}
}
}
/**
* Returns SSTable location which is inside given data directory.
*
* @param dataDirectory
* @return SSTable location
*/
public File getLocationForDisk(DataDirectory dataDirectory)
{
for (File dir : sstableDirectories)
{
if (dir.getAbsolutePath().startsWith(dataDirectory.location.getAbsolutePath()))
return dir;
}
return null;
}
public File getDirectoryForNewSSTables()
{
File path = getWriteableLocationAsFile();
// Requesting GC has a chance to free space only if we're using mmap and a non SUN jvm
if (path == null
&& (DatabaseDescriptor.getDiskAccessMode() == Config.DiskAccessMode.mmap || DatabaseDescriptor.getIndexAccessMode() == Config.DiskAccessMode.mmap)
&& !FileUtils.isCleanerAvailable())
{
logger.info("Forcing GC to free up disk space. Upgrade to the Oracle JVM to avoid this");
StorageService.instance.requestGC();
// retry after GCing has forced unmap of compacted SSTables so they can be deleted
// Note: GCInspector will do this already, but only sun JVM supports GCInspector so far
SSTableDeletingTask.rescheduleFailedTasks();
Uninterruptibles.sleepUninterruptibly(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
path = getWriteableLocationAsFile();
}
return path;
}
public File getWriteableLocationAsFile()
{
return getLocationForDisk(getWriteableLocation());
}
/**
* @return a non-blacklisted directory with the most free space and least current tasks.
*
* @throws IOError if all directories are blacklisted.
*/
public DataDirectory getWriteableLocation()
{
List candidates = new ArrayList();
// pick directories with enough space and so that resulting sstable dirs aren't blacklisted for writes.
for (DataDirectory dataDir : dataFileLocations)
{
if (BlacklistedDirectories.isUnwritable(getLocationForDisk(dataDir)))
continue;
candidates.add(dataDir);
}
if (candidates.isEmpty())
throw new IOError(new IOException("All configured data directories have been blacklisted as unwritable for erroring out"));
// sort directories by free space, in _descending_ order.
Collections.sort(candidates);
// sort directories by load, in _ascending_ order.
Collections.sort(candidates, new Comparator()
{
public int compare(DataDirectory a, DataDirectory b)
{
return a.currentTasks.get() - b.currentTasks.get();
}
});
return candidates.get(0);
}
public static File getSnapshotDirectory(Descriptor desc, String snapshotName)
{
return getOrCreate(desc.directory, SNAPSHOT_SUBDIR, snapshotName);
}
public static File getBackupsDirectory(Descriptor desc)
{
return getOrCreate(desc.directory, BACKUPS_SUBDIR);
}
public SSTableLister sstableLister()
{
return new SSTableLister();
}
public static class DataDirectory implements Comparable
{
public final File location;
public final AtomicInteger currentTasks = new AtomicInteger();
public final AtomicLong estimatedWorkingSize = new AtomicLong();
public DataDirectory(File location)
{
this.location = location;
}
/**
* @return estimated available disk space for bounded directory,
* excluding the expected size written by tasks in the queue.
*/
public long getEstimatedAvailableSpace()
{
// Load factor of 0.9 we do not want to use the entire disk that is too risky.
return location.getUsableSpace() - estimatedWorkingSize.get();
}
public int compareTo(DataDirectory o)
{
// we want to sort by free space in descending order
return -1 * Longs.compare(getEstimatedAvailableSpace(), o.getEstimatedAvailableSpace());
}
}
public class SSTableLister
{
private boolean skipTemporary;
private boolean includeBackups;
private boolean onlyBackups;
private int nbFiles;
private final Map> components = new HashMap>();
private boolean filtered;
private String snapshotName;
public SSTableLister skipTemporary(boolean b)
{
if (filtered)
throw new IllegalStateException("list() has already been called");
skipTemporary = b;
return this;
}
public SSTableLister includeBackups(boolean b)
{
if (filtered)
throw new IllegalStateException("list() has already been called");
includeBackups = b;
return this;
}
public SSTableLister onlyBackups(boolean b)
{
if (filtered)
throw new IllegalStateException("list() has already been called");
onlyBackups = b;
includeBackups = b;
return this;
}
public SSTableLister snapshots(String sn)
{
if (filtered)
throw new IllegalStateException("list() has already been called");
snapshotName = sn;
return this;
}
public Map> list()
{
filter();
return ImmutableMap.copyOf(components);
}
public List listFiles()
{
filter();
List l = new ArrayList(nbFiles);
for (Map.Entry> entry : components.entrySet())
{
for (Component c : entry.getValue())
{
l.add(new File(entry.getKey().filenameFor(c)));
}
}
return l;
}
private void filter()
{
if (filtered)
return;
for (File location : sstableDirectories)
{
if (BlacklistedDirectories.isUnreadable(location))
continue;
if (snapshotName != null)
{
new File(location, join(SNAPSHOT_SUBDIR, snapshotName)).listFiles(getFilter());
continue;
}
if (!onlyBackups)
location.listFiles(getFilter());
if (includeBackups)
new File(location, BACKUPS_SUBDIR).listFiles(getFilter());
}
filtered = true;
}
private FileFilter getFilter()
{
// Note: the prefix needs to include cfname + separator to distinguish between a cfs and it's secondary indexes
final String sstablePrefix = keyspacename + Component.separator + cfname + Component.separator;
return new FileFilter()
{
// This function always return false since accepts adds to the components map
public boolean accept(File file)
{
// we are only interested in the SSTable files that belong to the specific ColumnFamily
if (file.isDirectory() || !file.getName().startsWith(sstablePrefix))
return false;
Pair pair = SSTable.tryComponentFromFilename(file.getParentFile(), file.getName());
if (pair == null)
return false;
if (skipTemporary && pair.left.temporary)
return false;
Set previous = components.get(pair.left);
if (previous == null)
{
previous = new HashSet();
components.put(pair.left, previous);
}
previous.add(pair.right);
nbFiles++;
return false;
}
};
}
}
@Deprecated
public File tryGetLeveledManifest()
{
for (File dir : sstableDirectories)
{
File manifestFile = new File(dir, cfname + LeveledManifest.EXTENSION);
if (manifestFile.exists())
{
logger.debug("Found manifest at {}", manifestFile);
return manifestFile;
}
}
logger.debug("No level manifest found");
return null;
}
@Deprecated
public void snapshotLeveledManifest(String snapshotName)
{
File manifest = tryGetLeveledManifest();
if (manifest != null)
{
File snapshotDirectory = getOrCreate(manifest.getParentFile(), SNAPSHOT_SUBDIR, snapshotName);
File target = new File(snapshotDirectory, manifest.getName());
FileUtils.createHardLink(manifest, target);
}
}
public boolean snapshotExists(String snapshotName)
{
for (File dir : sstableDirectories)
{
File snapshotDir = new File(dir, join(SNAPSHOT_SUBDIR, snapshotName));
if (snapshotDir.exists())
return true;
}
return false;
}
public static void clearSnapshot(String snapshotName, List snapshotDirectories)
{
// If snapshotName is empty or null, we will delete the entire snapshot directory
String tag = snapshotName == null ? "" : snapshotName;
for (File dir : snapshotDirectories)
{
File snapshotDir = new File(dir, join(SNAPSHOT_SUBDIR, tag));
if (snapshotDir.exists())
{
if (logger.isDebugEnabled())
logger.debug("Removing snapshot directory " + snapshotDir);
FileUtils.deleteRecursive(snapshotDir);
}
}
}
// The snapshot must exist
public long snapshotCreationTime(String snapshotName)
{
for (File dir : sstableDirectories)
{
File snapshotDir = new File(dir, join(SNAPSHOT_SUBDIR, snapshotName));
if (snapshotDir.exists())
return snapshotDir.lastModified();
}
throw new RuntimeException("Snapshot " + snapshotName + " doesn't exist");
}
// Recursively finds all the sub directories in the KS directory.
public static List getKSChildDirectories(String ksName)
{
List result = new ArrayList();
for (DataDirectory dataDirectory : dataFileLocations)
{
File ksDir = new File(dataDirectory.location, ksName);
File[] cfDirs = ksDir.listFiles();
if (cfDirs == null)
continue;
for (File cfDir : cfDirs)
{
if (cfDir.isDirectory())
result.add(cfDir);
}
}
return result;
}
public List getCFDirectories()
{
List result = new ArrayList();
for (File dataDirectory : sstableDirectories)
{
if (dataDirectory.isDirectory())
result.add(dataDirectory);
}
return result;
}
private static File getOrCreate(File base, String... subdirs)
{
File dir = subdirs == null || subdirs.length == 0 ? base : new File(base, join(subdirs));
if (dir.exists())
{
if (!dir.isDirectory())
throw new AssertionError(String.format("Invalid directory path %s: path exists but is not a directory", dir));
}
else if (!dir.mkdirs() && !(dir.exists() && dir.isDirectory()))
{
throw new FSWriteError(new IOException("Unable to create directory " + dir), dir);
}
return dir;
}
private static String join(String... s)
{
return StringUtils.join(s, File.separator);
}
// Hack for tests, don't use otherwise
static void overrideDataDirectoriesForTest(String loc)
{
for (int i = 0; i < dataFileLocations.length; ++i)
dataFileLocations[i] = new DataDirectory(new File(loc));
}
// Hack for tests, don't use otherwise
static void resetDataDirectoriesAfterTest()
{
String[] locations = DatabaseDescriptor.getAllDataFileLocations();
for (int i = 0; i < locations.length; ++i)
dataFileLocations[i] = new DataDirectory(new File(locations[i]));
}
}
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