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package com.stripe.net;
import com.stripe.Stripe;
import com.stripe.exception.ApiConnectionException;
import com.stripe.exception.StripeException;
import java.net.ConnectException;
import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
/** Base abstract class for HTTP clients used to send requests to Stripe's API. */
public abstract class HttpClient {
/** Maximum sleep time between tries to send HTTP requests after network failure. */
public static final Duration maxNetworkRetriesDelay = Duration.ofSeconds(5);
/** Minimum sleep time between tries to send HTTP requests after network failure. */
public static final Duration minNetworkRetriesDelay = Duration.ofMillis(500);
/** A value indicating whether the client should sleep between automatic request retries. */
boolean networkRetriesSleep = true;
/** Initializes a new instance of the {@link HttpClient} class. */
protected HttpClient() {}
/**
* Sends the given request to Stripe's API, buffering the response body into memory.
*
* @param request the request
* @return the response
* @throws StripeException If the request fails for any reason
*/
public abstract StripeResponse request(StripeRequest request) throws StripeException;
/**
* Sends the given request to Stripe's API, streaming the response body.
*
* @param request the request
* @return the response
* @throws StripeException If the request fails for any reason
*/
public StripeResponseStream requestStream(StripeRequest request) throws StripeException {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("requestStream is unimplemented for this HttpClient");
}
@FunctionalInterface
private interface RequestSendFunction {
R apply(StripeRequest request) throws StripeException;
}
/**
* @param request the request
* @return the response
* @throws StripeException If the request fails for any reason
* @deprecated Use {@link #request(StripeRequest)} instead.
*/
@Deprecated
public StripeResponse requestWithTelemetry(StripeRequest request) throws StripeException {
return this.request(request);
}
/**
* @param request the request
* @return the response
* @throws StripeException If the request fails for any reason
* @deprecated Use {@link #requestStream(StripeRequest)} instead.
*/
@Deprecated
public StripeResponseStream requestStreamWithTelemetry(StripeRequest request)
throws StripeException {
return this.requestStream(request);
}
public > T sendWithRetries(
StripeRequest request, RequestSendFunction send) throws StripeException {
ApiConnectionException requestException = null;
T response = null;
int retry = 0;
while (true) {
requestException = null;
try {
response = send.apply(request);
} catch (ApiConnectionException e) {
requestException = e;
}
if (!this.shouldRetry(retry, requestException, request, response)) {
break;
}
retry += 1;
try {
Thread.sleep(this.sleepTime(retry).toMillis());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
if (requestException != null) {
throw requestException;
}
response.numRetries(retry);
return response;
}
/**
* Sends the given request to Stripe's API, retrying the request in cases of intermittent
* problems.
*
* @param request the request
* @return the response
* @throws StripeException If the request fails for any reason
*/
public StripeResponse requestWithRetries(StripeRequest request) throws StripeException {
return sendWithRetries(request, (r) -> this.request(r));
}
/**
* Sends the given request to Stripe's API, streaming the response, retrying the request in cases
* of intermittent problems.
*
* @param request the request
* @return the response
* @throws StripeException If the request fails for any reason
*/
public StripeResponseStream requestStreamWithRetries(StripeRequest request)
throws StripeException {
return sendWithRetries(request, (r) -> this.requestStream(r));
}
/**
* Builds the value of the {@code User-Agent} header.
*
* @return a string containing the value of the {@code User-Agent} header
*/
protected static String buildUserAgentString() {
String userAgent = String.format("Stripe/v1 JavaBindings/%s", Stripe.VERSION);
if (Stripe.getAppInfo() != null) {
userAgent += " " + formatAppInfo(Stripe.getAppInfo());
}
return userAgent;
}
/**
* Builds the value of the {@code X-Stripe-Client-User-Agent} header.
*
* @return a string containing the value of the {@code X-Stripe-Client-User-Agent} header
*/
protected static String buildXStripeClientUserAgentString() {
String[] propertyNames = {
"os.name",
"os.version",
"os.arch",
"java.version",
"java.vendor",
"java.vm.version",
"java.vm.vendor"
};
Map propertyMap = new HashMap<>();
for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
propertyMap.put(propertyName, System.getProperty(propertyName));
}
propertyMap.put("bindings.version", Stripe.VERSION);
propertyMap.put("lang", "Java");
propertyMap.put("publisher", "Stripe");
if (Stripe.getAppInfo() != null) {
propertyMap.put("application", ApiResource.INTERNAL_GSON.toJson(Stripe.getAppInfo()));
}
return ApiResource.INTERNAL_GSON.toJson(propertyMap);
}
private static String formatAppInfo(Map info) {
String str = info.get("name");
if (info.get("version") != null) {
str += String.format("/%s", info.get("version"));
}
if (info.get("url") != null) {
str += String.format(" (%s)", info.get("url"));
}
return str;
}
private > boolean shouldRetry(
int numRetries, StripeException exception, StripeRequest request, T response) {
// Do not retry if we are out of retries.
if (numRetries >= request.options().getMaxNetworkRetries()) {
return false;
}
// Retry on connection error.
if ((exception != null)
&& (exception.getCause() != null)
&& (exception.getCause() instanceof ConnectException
|| exception.getCause() instanceof SocketTimeoutException)) {
return true;
}
// The API may ask us not to retry (eg; if doing so would be a no-op)
// or advise us to retry (eg; in cases of lock timeouts); we defer to that.
if ((response != null) && (response.headers() != null)) {
String value = response.headers().firstValue("Stripe-Should-Retry").orElse(null);
if ("true".equals(value)) {
return true;
}
if ("false".equals(value)) {
return false;
}
}
// Retry on conflict errors.
if ((response != null) && (response.code() == 409)) {
return true;
}
// Retry on 500, 503, and other internal errors.
//
// Note that we expect the Stripe-Should-Retry header to be false
// in most cases when a 500 is returned, since our idempotency framework
// would typically replay it anyway.
if ((response != null) && (response.code() >= 500)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
private Duration sleepTime(int numRetries) {
// We disable sleeping in some cases for tests.
if (!this.networkRetriesSleep) {
return Duration.ZERO;
}
// Apply exponential backoff with MinNetworkRetriesDelay on the number of numRetries
// so far as inputs.
Duration delay =
Duration.ofNanos((long) (minNetworkRetriesDelay.toNanos() * Math.pow(2, numRetries - 1)));
// Do not allow the number to exceed MaxNetworkRetriesDelay
if (delay.compareTo(maxNetworkRetriesDelay) > 0) {
delay = maxNetworkRetriesDelay;
}
// Apply some jitter by randomizing the value in the range of 75%-100%.
double jitter = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble(0.75, 1.0);
delay = Duration.ofNanos((long) (delay.toNanos() * jitter));
// But never sleep less than the base sleep seconds.
if (delay.compareTo(minNetworkRetriesDelay) < 0) {
delay = minNetworkRetriesDelay;
}
return delay;
}
}
