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package com.sun.grizzly.util;

import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;

/**
 * Charset utility class.
 *
 * @author Alexey Stashok
 */
public final class Charsets {
    static {
        if (Boolean.getBoolean(Charsets.class.getName() + ".preloadAllCharsets")) {
            preloadAllCharsets();
        }
    }
    
    public static final String DEFAULT_CHARACTER_ENCODING = "ISO-8859-1";

    private static final ConcurrentHashMap charsetAliasMap =
            new ConcurrentHashMap();

    public static final Charset ASCII_CHARSET = lookupCharset("ASCII");
    public static final Charset UTF8_CHARSET = lookupCharset("UTF-8");
    public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = lookupCharset(DEFAULT_CHARACTER_ENCODING);

    private static volatile boolean areCharsetsPreloaded;
    
    /**
     * Lookup a {@link Charset} by name.
     * Fixes Charset concurrency issue (http://paul.vox.com/library/post/the-mysteries-of-java-character-set-performance.html)
     *
     * @param charsetName
     * @return {@link Charset}
     */
    public static Charset lookupCharset(final String charsetName) {
        final String charsetLowerCase = charsetName.toLowerCase(Locale.US);
        
        Charset charset = charsetAliasMap.get(charsetLowerCase);
        if (charset == null) {
            if (areCharsetsPreloaded) {
                // if all charsets are preloaded - throw Exception right away
                throw new UnsupportedCharsetException(charsetName);
            }
            
            final Charset newCharset = Charset.forName(charsetLowerCase);
            final Charset prevCharset =
                    charsetAliasMap.putIfAbsent(charsetLowerCase, newCharset);
            
            charset = prevCharset == null ? newCharset : prevCharset;
        }

        return charset;
    }
    
    /**
     * Preloads all JVM available {@link Charset}s, which makes charset search
     * faster (for memory cost), especially non-existed charsets, because it
     * lets us avoid pretty expensive {@link Charset#forName(java.lang.String)}
     * call.
     */
    public static void preloadAllCharsets() {
        synchronized (charsetAliasMap) {
            final Map charsetsMap = Charset.availableCharsets();
            for (Charset charset : charsetsMap.values()) {
                charsetAliasMap.put(
                        charset.name().toLowerCase(Locale.US), charset);
                for (String alias : charset.aliases()) {
                    charsetAliasMap.put(alias.toLowerCase(Locale.US), charset);
                }
            }
            
            areCharsetsPreloaded = true;
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Removes all the charsets preloaded before.
     */
    public static void drainAllCharsets() {
        synchronized (charsetAliasMap) {
            areCharsetsPreloaded = false;
            charsetAliasMap.clear();
        }
    }        
}




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