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/*
 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2020 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 *
 * This program and the accompanying materials are made available under the
 * terms of the Eclipse Public License v. 2.0, which is available at
 * http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-2.0.
 *
 * This Source Code may also be made available under the following Secondary
 * Licenses when the conditions for such availability set forth in the
 * Eclipse Public License v. 2.0 are satisfied: GNU General Public License,
 * version 2 with the GNU Classpath Exception, which is available at
 * https://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/license.html.
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: EPL-2.0 OR GPL-2.0 WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
 */

package jakarta.mail;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import jakarta.mail.event.*;

/**
 * An abstract class that contains the functionality
 * common to messaging services, such as stores and transports. 

* A messaging service is created from a Session and is * named using a URLName. A service must be connected * before it can be used. Connection events are sent to reflect * its connection status. * * @author Christopher Cotton * @author Bill Shannon * @author Kanwar Oberoi */ public abstract class Service implements AutoCloseable { /** * The session from which this service was created. */ protected Session session; /** * The URLName of this service. */ protected volatile URLName url = null; /** * Debug flag for this service. Set from the session's debug * flag when this service is created. */ protected boolean debug = false; private boolean connected = false; /* * connectionListeners is a Vector, initialized here, * because we depend on it always existing and depend * on the synchronization that Vector provides. * (Sychronizing on the Service object itself can cause * deadlocks when notifying listeners.) */ private final Vector connectionListeners = new Vector<>(); /** * The queue of events to be delivered. */ private final EventQueue q; /** * Constructor. * * @param session Session object for this service * @param urlname URLName object to be used for this service */ protected Service(Session session, URLName urlname) { this.session = session; debug = session.getDebug(); url = urlname; /* * Initialize the URLName with default values. * The URLName will be updated when connect is called. */ String protocol = null; String host = null; int port = -1; String user = null; String password = null; String file = null; // get whatever information we can from the URL // XXX - url should always be non-null here, Session // passes it into the constructor if (url != null) { protocol = url.getProtocol(); host = url.getHost(); port = url.getPort(); user = url.getUsername(); password = url.getPassword(); file = url.getFile(); } // try to get protocol-specific default properties if (protocol != null) { if (host == null) host = session.getProperty("mail." + protocol + ".host"); if (user == null) user = session.getProperty("mail." + protocol + ".user"); } // try to get mail-wide default properties if (host == null) host = session.getProperty("mail.host"); if (user == null) user = session.getProperty("mail.user"); // try using the system username if (user == null) { try { user = System.getProperty("user.name"); } catch (SecurityException sex) { // XXX - it's not worth creating a MailLogger just for this //logger.log(Level.CONFIG, "Can't get user.name property", sex); } } url = new URLName(protocol, host, port, file, user, password); // create or choose the appropriate event queue String scope = session.getProperties().getProperty("mail.event.scope", "folder"); Executor executor = (Executor)session.getProperties().get("mail.event.executor"); if (scope.equalsIgnoreCase("application")) q = EventQueue.getApplicationEventQueue(executor); else if (scope.equalsIgnoreCase("session")) q = session.getEventQueue(); else // if (scope.equalsIgnoreCase("store") || // scope.equalsIgnoreCase("folder")) q = new EventQueue(executor); } /** * A generic connect method that takes no parameters. Subclasses * can implement the appropriate authentication schemes. Subclasses * that need additional information might want to use some properties * or might get it interactively using a popup window.

* * If the connection is successful, an "open" ConnectionEvent * is delivered to any ConnectionListeners on this service.

* * Most clients should just call this method to connect to the service.

* * It is an error to connect to an already connected service.

* * The implementation provided here simply calls the following * connect(String, String, String) method with nulls. * * @exception AuthenticationFailedException for authentication failures * @exception MessagingException for other failures * @exception IllegalStateException if the service is already connected * * @see jakarta.mail.event.ConnectionEvent */ public void connect() throws MessagingException { connect(null, null, null); } /** * Connect to the specified address. This method provides a simple * authentication scheme that requires a username and password.

* * If the connection is successful, an "open" ConnectionEvent * is delivered to any ConnectionListeners on this service.

* * It is an error to connect to an already connected service.

* * The implementation in the Service class will collect defaults * for the host, user, and password from the session, from the * URLName for this service, and from the supplied * parameters and then call the protocolConnect method. * If the protocolConnect method returns false, * the user will be prompted for any missing information and the * protocolConnect method will be called again. The * subclass should override the protocolConnect method. * The subclass should also implement the getURLName * method, or use the implementation in this class.

* * On a successful connection, the setURLName method is * called with a URLName that includes the information used to make * the connection, including the password.

* * If the username passed in is null, a default value will be chosen * as described above. * * If the password passed in is null and this is the first successful * connection to this service, the user name and the password * collected from the user will be saved as defaults for subsequent * connection attempts to this same service when using other Service object * instances (the connection information is typically always saved within * a particular Service object instance). The password is saved using the * Session method setPasswordAuthentication. If the * password passed in is not null, it is not saved, on the assumption * that the application is managing passwords explicitly. * * @param host the host to connect to * @param user the user name * @param password this user's password * @exception AuthenticationFailedException for authentication failures * @exception MessagingException for other failures * @exception IllegalStateException if the service is already connected * @see jakarta.mail.event.ConnectionEvent * @see jakarta.mail.Session#setPasswordAuthentication */ public void connect(String host, String user, String password) throws MessagingException { connect(host, -1, user, password); } /** * Connect to the current host using the specified username * and password. This method is equivalent to calling the * connect(host, user, password) method with null * for the host name. * * @param user the user name * @param password this user's password * @exception AuthenticationFailedException for authentication failures * @exception MessagingException for other failures * @exception IllegalStateException if the service is already connected * @see jakarta.mail.event.ConnectionEvent * @see jakarta.mail.Session#setPasswordAuthentication * @see #connect(java.lang.String, java.lang.String, java.lang.String) * @since JavaMail 1.4 */ public void connect(String user, String password) throws MessagingException { connect(null, user, password); } /** * Similar to connect(host, user, password) except a specific port * can be specified. * * @param host the host to connect to * @param port the port to connect to (-1 means the default port) * @param user the user name * @param password this user's password * @exception AuthenticationFailedException for authentication failures * @exception MessagingException for other failures * @exception IllegalStateException if the service is already connected * @see #connect(java.lang.String, java.lang.String, java.lang.String) * @see jakarta.mail.event.ConnectionEvent */ public synchronized void connect(String host, int port, String user, String password) throws MessagingException { // see if the service is already connected if (isConnected()) throw new IllegalStateException("already connected"); PasswordAuthentication pw; boolean connected = false; boolean save = false; String protocol = null; String file = null; // get whatever information we can from the URL // XXX - url should always be non-null here, Session // passes it into the constructor if (url != null) { protocol = url.getProtocol(); if (host == null) host = url.getHost(); if (port == -1) port = url.getPort(); if (user == null) { user = url.getUsername(); if (password == null) // get password too if we need it password = url.getPassword(); } else { if (password == null && user.equals(url.getUsername())) // only get the password if it matches the username password = url.getPassword(); } file = url.getFile(); } // try to get protocol-specific default properties if (protocol != null) { if (host == null) host = session.getProperty("mail." + protocol + ".host"); if (user == null) user = session.getProperty("mail." + protocol + ".user"); } // try to get mail-wide default properties if (host == null) host = session.getProperty("mail.host"); if (user == null) user = session.getProperty("mail.user"); // try using the system username if (user == null) { try { user = System.getProperty("user.name"); } catch (SecurityException sex) { // XXX - it's not worth creating a MailLogger just for this //logger.log(Level.CONFIG, "Can't get user.name property", sex); } } // if we don't have a password, look for saved authentication info if (password == null && url != null) { // canonicalize the URLName setURLName(new URLName(protocol, host, port, file, user, null)); pw = session.getPasswordAuthentication(getURLName()); if (pw != null) { if (user == null) { user = pw.getUserName(); password = pw.getPassword(); } else if (user.equals(pw.getUserName())) { password = pw.getPassword(); } } else save = true; } // try connecting, if the protocol needs some missing // information (user, password) it will not connect. // if it tries to connect and fails, remember why for later. AuthenticationFailedException authEx = null; try { connected = protocolConnect(host, port, user, password); } catch (AuthenticationFailedException ex) { authEx = ex; } // if not connected, ask the user and try again if (!connected) { InetAddress addr; try { addr = InetAddress.getByName(host); } catch (UnknownHostException e) { addr = null; } pw = session.requestPasswordAuthentication( addr, port, protocol, null, user); if (pw != null) { user = pw.getUserName(); password = pw.getPassword(); // have the service connect again connected = protocolConnect(host, port, user, password); } } // if we're not connected by now, we give up if (!connected) { if (authEx != null) throw authEx; else if (user == null) throw new AuthenticationFailedException( "failed to connect, no user name specified?"); else if (password == null) throw new AuthenticationFailedException( "failed to connect, no password specified?"); else throw new AuthenticationFailedException("failed to connect"); } setURLName(new URLName(protocol, host, port, file, user, password)); if (save) session.setPasswordAuthentication(getURLName(), new PasswordAuthentication(user, password)); // set our connected state setConnected(true); // finally, deliver the connection event notifyConnectionListeners(ConnectionEvent.OPENED); } /** * The service implementation should override this method to * perform the actual protocol-specific connection attempt. * The default implementation of the connect method * calls this method as needed.

* * The protocolConnect method should return * false if a user name or password is required * for authentication but the corresponding parameter is null; * the connect method will prompt the user when * needed to supply missing information. This method may * also return false if authentication fails for * the supplied user name or password. Alternatively, this method * may throw an AuthenticationFailedException when authentication * fails. This exception may include a String message with more * detail about the failure.

* * The protocolConnect method should throw an * exception to report failures not related to authentication, * such as an invalid host name or port number, loss of a * connection during the authentication process, unavailability * of the server, etc. * * @param host the name of the host to connect to * @param port the port to use (-1 means use default port) * @param user the name of the user to login as * @param password the user's password * @return true if connection successful, false if authentication failed * @exception AuthenticationFailedException for authentication failures * @exception MessagingException for non-authentication failures */ protected boolean protocolConnect(String host, int port, String user, String password) throws MessagingException { return false; } /** * Is this service currently connected?

* * This implementation uses a private boolean field to * store the connection state. This method returns the value * of that field.

* * Subclasses may want to override this method to verify that any * connection to the message store is still alive. * * @return true if the service is connected, false if it is not connected */ public synchronized boolean isConnected() { return connected; } /** * Set the connection state of this service. The connection state * will automatically be set by the service implementation during the * connect and close methods. * Subclasses will need to call this method to set the state * if the service was automatically disconnected.

* * The implementation in this class merely sets the private field * returned by the isConnected method. * * @param connected true if the service is connected, * false if it is not connected */ protected synchronized void setConnected(boolean connected) { this.connected = connected; } /** * Close this service and terminate its connection. A close * ConnectionEvent is delivered to any ConnectionListeners. Any * Messaging components (Folders, Messages, etc.) belonging to this * service are invalid after this service is closed. Note that the service * is closed even if this method terminates abnormally by throwing * a MessagingException.

* * This implementation uses setConnected(false) to set * this service's connected state to false. It will then * send a close ConnectionEvent to any registered ConnectionListeners. * Subclasses overriding this method to do implementation specific * cleanup should call this method as a last step to insure event * notification, probably by including a call to super.close() * in a finally clause. * * @see jakarta.mail.event.ConnectionEvent * @throws MessagingException for errors while closing */ public synchronized void close() throws MessagingException { setConnected(false); notifyConnectionListeners(ConnectionEvent.CLOSED); } /** * Return a URLName representing this service. The returned URLName * does not include the password field.

* * Subclasses should only override this method if their * URLName does not follow the standard format.

* * The implementation in the Service class returns (usually a copy of) * the url field with the password and file information * stripped out. * * @return the URLName representing this service * @see URLName */ public URLName getURLName() { URLName url = this.url; // snapshot if (url != null && (url.getPassword() != null || url.getFile() != null)) return new URLName(url.getProtocol(), url.getHost(), url.getPort(), null /* no file */, url.getUsername(), null /* no password */); else return url; } /** * Set the URLName representing this service. * Normally used to update the url field * after a service has successfully connected.

* * Subclasses should only override this method if their * URL does not follow the standard format. In particular, * subclasses should override this method if their URL * does not require all the possible fields supported by * URLName; a new URLName should * be constructed with any unneeded fields removed.

* * The implementation in the Service class simply sets the * url field. * * @param url the URLName * @see URLName */ protected void setURLName(URLName url) { this.url = url; } /** * Add a listener for Connection events on this service.

* * The default implementation provided here adds this listener * to an internal list of ConnectionListeners. * * @param l the Listener for Connection events * @see jakarta.mail.event.ConnectionEvent */ public void addConnectionListener(ConnectionListener l) { connectionListeners.addElement(l); } /** * Remove a Connection event listener.

* * The default implementation provided here removes this listener * from the internal list of ConnectionListeners. * * @param l the listener * @see #addConnectionListener */ public void removeConnectionListener(ConnectionListener l) { connectionListeners.removeElement(l); } /** * Notify all ConnectionListeners. Service implementations are * expected to use this method to broadcast connection events.

* * The provided default implementation queues the event into * an internal event queue. An event dispatcher thread dequeues * events from the queue and dispatches them to the registered * ConnectionListeners. Note that the event dispatching occurs * in a separate thread, thus avoiding potential deadlock problems. * * @param type the ConnectionEvent type */ protected void notifyConnectionListeners(int type) { /* * Don't bother queuing an event if there's no listeners. * Yes, listeners could be removed after checking, which * just makes this an expensive no-op. */ if (connectionListeners.size() > 0) { ConnectionEvent e = new ConnectionEvent(this, type); queueEvent(e, connectionListeners); } /* Fix for broken JDK1.1.x Garbage collector : * The 'conservative' GC in JDK1.1.x occasionally fails to * garbage-collect Threads which are in the wait state. * This would result in thread (and consequently memory) leaks. * * We attempt to fix this by sending a 'terminator' event * to the queue, after we've sent the CLOSED event. The * terminator event causes the event-dispatching thread to * self destruct. */ if (type == ConnectionEvent.CLOSED) q.terminateQueue(); } /** * Return getURLName.toString() if this service has a URLName, * otherwise it will return the default toString. */ @Override public String toString() { URLName url = getURLName(); if (url != null) return url.toString(); else return super.toString(); } /** * Add the event and vector of listeners to the queue to be delivered. * * @param event the event * @param vector the vector of listeners */ protected void queueEvent(MailEvent event, Vector vector) { /* * Copy the vector in order to freeze the state of the set * of EventListeners the event should be delivered to prior * to delivery. This ensures that any changes made to the * Vector from a target listener's method during the delivery * of this event will not take effect until after the event is * delivered. */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") Vector v = (Vector)vector.clone(); q.enqueue(event, v); } /** * Stop the event dispatcher thread so the queue can be garbage collected. */ @Override protected void finalize() throws Throwable { try { q.terminateQueue(); } finally { super.finalize(); } } /** * Package private method to allow Folder to get the Session for a Store. */ Session getSession() { return session; } /** * Package private method to allow Folder to get the EventQueue for a Store. */ EventQueue getEventQueue() { return q; } }





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