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/*
* Copyright 2015 The gRPC Authors
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package io.grpc.netty;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState;
import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
import com.google.errorprone.annotations.ForOverride;
import io.grpc.Attributes;
import io.grpc.CallCredentials;
import io.grpc.ChannelCredentials;
import io.grpc.ChannelLogger;
import io.grpc.ChannelLogger.ChannelLogLevel;
import io.grpc.ChoiceChannelCredentials;
import io.grpc.ChoiceServerCredentials;
import io.grpc.CompositeCallCredentials;
import io.grpc.CompositeChannelCredentials;
import io.grpc.Grpc;
import io.grpc.InsecureChannelCredentials;
import io.grpc.InsecureServerCredentials;
import io.grpc.InternalChannelz.Security;
import io.grpc.InternalChannelz.Tls;
import io.grpc.SecurityLevel;
import io.grpc.ServerCredentials;
import io.grpc.Status;
import io.grpc.TlsChannelCredentials;
import io.grpc.TlsServerCredentials;
import io.grpc.internal.GrpcAttributes;
import io.grpc.internal.GrpcUtil;
import io.grpc.internal.ObjectPool;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelDuplexHandler;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultHttpRequest;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpClientCodec;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpClientUpgradeHandler;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaderNames;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpMethod;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2ClientUpgradeCodec;
import io.netty.handler.proxy.HttpProxyHandler;
import io.netty.handler.proxy.ProxyConnectionEvent;
import io.netty.handler.ssl.OpenSsl;
import io.netty.handler.ssl.OpenSslEngine;
import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContextBuilder;
import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslHandler;
import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslHandshakeCompletionEvent;
import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslProvider;
import io.netty.util.AsciiString;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.net.SocketAddress;
import java.net.URI;
import java.nio.channels.ClosedChannelException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.EnumSet;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngine;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLParameters;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;
/**
* Common {@link ProtocolNegotiator}s used by gRPC.
*/
final class ProtocolNegotiators {
private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(ProtocolNegotiators.class.getName());
private static final EnumSet understoodTlsFeatures =
EnumSet.of(
TlsChannelCredentials.Feature.MTLS, TlsChannelCredentials.Feature.CUSTOM_MANAGERS);
private static final EnumSet understoodServerTlsFeatures =
EnumSet.of(
TlsServerCredentials.Feature.MTLS, TlsServerCredentials.Feature.CUSTOM_MANAGERS);
private ProtocolNegotiators() {
}
public static FromChannelCredentialsResult from(ChannelCredentials creds) {
if (creds instanceof TlsChannelCredentials) {
TlsChannelCredentials tlsCreds = (TlsChannelCredentials) creds;
Set incomprehensible =
tlsCreds.incomprehensible(understoodTlsFeatures);
if (!incomprehensible.isEmpty()) {
return FromChannelCredentialsResult.error(
"TLS features not understood: " + incomprehensible);
}
SslContextBuilder builder = GrpcSslContexts.forClient();
if (tlsCreds.getKeyManagers() != null) {
builder.keyManager(new FixedKeyManagerFactory(tlsCreds.getKeyManagers()));
} else if (tlsCreds.getPrivateKey() != null) {
builder.keyManager(
new ByteArrayInputStream(tlsCreds.getCertificateChain()),
new ByteArrayInputStream(tlsCreds.getPrivateKey()),
tlsCreds.getPrivateKeyPassword());
}
if (tlsCreds.getTrustManagers() != null) {
builder.trustManager(new FixedTrustManagerFactory(tlsCreds.getTrustManagers()));
} else if (tlsCreds.getRootCertificates() != null) {
builder.trustManager(new ByteArrayInputStream(tlsCreds.getRootCertificates()));
} // else use system default
try {
return FromChannelCredentialsResult.negotiator(tlsClientFactory(builder.build()));
} catch (SSLException ex) {
log.log(Level.FINE, "Exception building SslContext", ex);
return FromChannelCredentialsResult.error(
"Unable to create SslContext: " + ex.getMessage());
}
} else if (creds instanceof InsecureChannelCredentials) {
return FromChannelCredentialsResult.negotiator(plaintextClientFactory());
} else if (creds instanceof CompositeChannelCredentials) {
CompositeChannelCredentials compCreds = (CompositeChannelCredentials) creds;
return from(compCreds.getChannelCredentials())
.withCallCredentials(compCreds.getCallCredentials());
} else if (creds instanceof NettyChannelCredentials) {
NettyChannelCredentials nettyCreds = (NettyChannelCredentials) creds;
return FromChannelCredentialsResult.negotiator(nettyCreds.getNegotiator());
} else if (creds instanceof ChoiceChannelCredentials) {
ChoiceChannelCredentials choiceCreds = (ChoiceChannelCredentials) creds;
StringBuilder error = new StringBuilder();
for (ChannelCredentials innerCreds : choiceCreds.getCredentialsList()) {
FromChannelCredentialsResult result = from(innerCreds);
if (result.error == null) {
return result;
}
error.append(", ");
error.append(result.error);
}
return FromChannelCredentialsResult.error(error.substring(2));
} else {
return FromChannelCredentialsResult.error(
"Unsupported credential type: " + creds.getClass().getName());
}
}
public static final class FromChannelCredentialsResult {
public final ProtocolNegotiator.ClientFactory negotiator;
public final CallCredentials callCredentials;
public final String error;
private FromChannelCredentialsResult(ProtocolNegotiator.ClientFactory negotiator,
CallCredentials creds, String error) {
this.negotiator = negotiator;
this.callCredentials = creds;
this.error = error;
}
public static FromChannelCredentialsResult error(String error) {
return new FromChannelCredentialsResult(
null, null, Preconditions.checkNotNull(error, "error"));
}
public static FromChannelCredentialsResult negotiator(
ProtocolNegotiator.ClientFactory factory) {
return new FromChannelCredentialsResult(
Preconditions.checkNotNull(factory, "factory"), null, null);
}
public FromChannelCredentialsResult withCallCredentials(CallCredentials callCreds) {
Preconditions.checkNotNull(callCreds, "callCreds");
if (error != null) {
return this;
}
if (this.callCredentials != null) {
callCreds = new CompositeCallCredentials(this.callCredentials, callCreds);
}
return new FromChannelCredentialsResult(negotiator, callCreds, null);
}
}
public static FromServerCredentialsResult from(ServerCredentials creds) {
if (creds instanceof TlsServerCredentials) {
TlsServerCredentials tlsCreds = (TlsServerCredentials) creds;
Set incomprehensible =
tlsCreds.incomprehensible(understoodServerTlsFeatures);
if (!incomprehensible.isEmpty()) {
return FromServerCredentialsResult.error(
"TLS features not understood: " + incomprehensible);
}
SslContextBuilder builder;
if (tlsCreds.getKeyManagers() != null) {
builder = GrpcSslContexts.configure(SslContextBuilder.forServer(
new FixedKeyManagerFactory(tlsCreds.getKeyManagers())));
} else if (tlsCreds.getPrivateKey() != null) {
builder = GrpcSslContexts.forServer(
new ByteArrayInputStream(tlsCreds.getCertificateChain()),
new ByteArrayInputStream(tlsCreds.getPrivateKey()),
tlsCreds.getPrivateKeyPassword());
} else {
throw new AssertionError("BUG! No key");
}
if (tlsCreds.getTrustManagers() != null) {
builder.trustManager(new FixedTrustManagerFactory(tlsCreds.getTrustManagers()));
} else if (tlsCreds.getRootCertificates() != null) {
builder.trustManager(new ByteArrayInputStream(tlsCreds.getRootCertificates()));
} // else use system default
switch (tlsCreds.getClientAuth()) {
case OPTIONAL:
builder.clientAuth(io.netty.handler.ssl.ClientAuth.OPTIONAL);
break;
case REQUIRE:
builder.clientAuth(io.netty.handler.ssl.ClientAuth.REQUIRE);
break;
case NONE:
builder.clientAuth(io.netty.handler.ssl.ClientAuth.NONE);
break;
default:
return FromServerCredentialsResult.error(
"Unknown TlsServerCredentials.ClientAuth value: " + tlsCreds.getClientAuth());
}
SslContext sslContext;
try {
sslContext = builder.build();
} catch (SSLException ex) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"Unexpected error converting ServerCredentials to Netty SslContext", ex);
}
return FromServerCredentialsResult.negotiator(serverTlsFactory(sslContext));
} else if (creds instanceof InsecureServerCredentials) {
return FromServerCredentialsResult.negotiator(serverPlaintextFactory());
} else if (creds instanceof NettyServerCredentials) {
NettyServerCredentials nettyCreds = (NettyServerCredentials) creds;
return FromServerCredentialsResult.negotiator(nettyCreds.getNegotiator());
} else if (creds instanceof ChoiceServerCredentials) {
ChoiceServerCredentials choiceCreds = (ChoiceServerCredentials) creds;
StringBuilder error = new StringBuilder();
for (ServerCredentials innerCreds : choiceCreds.getCredentialsList()) {
FromServerCredentialsResult result = from(innerCreds);
if (result.error == null) {
return result;
}
error.append(", ");
error.append(result.error);
}
return FromServerCredentialsResult.error(error.substring(2));
} else {
return FromServerCredentialsResult.error(
"Unsupported credential type: " + creds.getClass().getName());
}
}
public static final class FromServerCredentialsResult {
public final ProtocolNegotiator.ServerFactory negotiator;
public final String error;
private FromServerCredentialsResult(ProtocolNegotiator.ServerFactory negotiator, String error) {
this.negotiator = negotiator;
this.error = error;
}
public static FromServerCredentialsResult error(String error) {
return new FromServerCredentialsResult(null, Preconditions.checkNotNull(error, "error"));
}
public static FromServerCredentialsResult negotiator(ProtocolNegotiator.ServerFactory factory) {
return new FromServerCredentialsResult(Preconditions.checkNotNull(factory, "factory"), null);
}
}
public static ProtocolNegotiator.ServerFactory fixedServerFactory(
ProtocolNegotiator negotiator) {
return new FixedProtocolNegotiatorServerFactory(negotiator);
}
private static final class FixedProtocolNegotiatorServerFactory
implements ProtocolNegotiator.ServerFactory {
private final ProtocolNegotiator protocolNegotiator;
public FixedProtocolNegotiatorServerFactory(ProtocolNegotiator protocolNegotiator) {
this.protocolNegotiator =
Preconditions.checkNotNull(protocolNegotiator, "protocolNegotiator");
}
@Override
public ProtocolNegotiator newNegotiator(ObjectPool offloadExecutorPool) {
return protocolNegotiator;
}
}
/**
* Create a server plaintext handler for gRPC.
*/
public static ProtocolNegotiator serverPlaintext() {
return new PlaintextProtocolNegotiator();
}
/**
* Create a server plaintext handler factory for gRPC.
*/
public static ProtocolNegotiator.ServerFactory serverPlaintextFactory() {
return new PlaintextProtocolNegotiatorServerFactory();
}
@VisibleForTesting
static final class PlaintextProtocolNegotiatorServerFactory
implements ProtocolNegotiator.ServerFactory {
@Override
public ProtocolNegotiator newNegotiator(ObjectPool offloadExecutorPool) {
return serverPlaintext();
}
}
public static ProtocolNegotiator.ServerFactory serverTlsFactory(SslContext sslContext) {
return new TlsProtocolNegotiatorServerFactory(sslContext);
}
@VisibleForTesting
static final class TlsProtocolNegotiatorServerFactory
implements ProtocolNegotiator.ServerFactory {
private final SslContext sslContext;
public TlsProtocolNegotiatorServerFactory(SslContext sslContext) {
this.sslContext = Preconditions.checkNotNull(sslContext, "sslContext");
}
@Override
public ProtocolNegotiator newNegotiator(ObjectPool offloadExecutorPool) {
return serverTls(sslContext, offloadExecutorPool);
}
}
/**
* Create a server TLS handler for HTTP/2 capable of using ALPN/NPN.
* @param executorPool a dedicated {@link Executor} pool for time-consuming TLS tasks
*/
public static ProtocolNegotiator serverTls(final SslContext sslContext,
final ObjectPool executorPool) {
Preconditions.checkNotNull(sslContext, "sslContext");
final Executor executor;
if (executorPool != null) {
// The handlers here can out-live the {@link ProtocolNegotiator}.
// To keep their own reference to executor from executorPool, we use an extra (unused)
// reference here forces the executor to stay alive, which prevents it from being re-created
// for every connection.
executor = executorPool.getObject();
} else {
executor = null;
}
return new ProtocolNegotiator() {
@Override
public ChannelHandler newHandler(GrpcHttp2ConnectionHandler handler) {
ChannelHandler gnh = new GrpcNegotiationHandler(handler);
ChannelHandler sth = new ServerTlsHandler(gnh, sslContext, executorPool);
return new WaitUntilActiveHandler(sth, handler.getNegotiationLogger());
}
@Override
public void close() {
if (executorPool != null && executor != null) {
executorPool.returnObject(executor);
}
}
@Override
public AsciiString scheme() {
return Utils.HTTPS;
}
};
}
/**
* Create a server TLS handler for HTTP/2 capable of using ALPN/NPN.
*/
public static ProtocolNegotiator serverTls(final SslContext sslContext) {
return serverTls(sslContext, null);
}
static final class ServerTlsHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
private Executor executor;
private final ChannelHandler next;
private final SslContext sslContext;
private ProtocolNegotiationEvent pne = ProtocolNegotiationEvent.DEFAULT;
ServerTlsHandler(ChannelHandler next,
SslContext sslContext,
final ObjectPool executorPool) {
this.sslContext = checkNotNull(sslContext, "sslContext");
this.next = checkNotNull(next, "next");
if (executorPool != null) {
this.executor = executorPool.getObject();
}
}
@Override
public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
super.handlerAdded(ctx);
SSLEngine sslEngine = sslContext.newEngine(ctx.alloc());
ctx.pipeline().addBefore(ctx.name(), /* name= */ null, this.executor != null
? new SslHandler(sslEngine, false, this.executor)
: new SslHandler(sslEngine, false));
}
@Override
public void userEventTriggered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object evt) throws Exception {
if (evt instanceof ProtocolNegotiationEvent) {
pne = (ProtocolNegotiationEvent) evt;
} else if (evt instanceof SslHandshakeCompletionEvent) {
SslHandshakeCompletionEvent handshakeEvent = (SslHandshakeCompletionEvent) evt;
if (!handshakeEvent.isSuccess()) {
logSslEngineDetails(Level.FINE, ctx, "TLS negotiation failed for new client.", null);
ctx.fireExceptionCaught(handshakeEvent.cause());
return;
}
SslHandler sslHandler = ctx.pipeline().get(SslHandler.class);
if (!sslContext.applicationProtocolNegotiator().protocols().contains(
sslHandler.applicationProtocol())) {
logSslEngineDetails(Level.FINE, ctx, "TLS negotiation failed for new client.", null);
ctx.fireExceptionCaught(unavailableException(
"Failed protocol negotiation: Unable to find compatible protocol"));
return;
}
ctx.pipeline().replace(ctx.name(), null, next);
fireProtocolNegotiationEvent(ctx, sslHandler.engine().getSession());
} else {
super.userEventTriggered(ctx, evt);
}
}
private void fireProtocolNegotiationEvent(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, SSLSession session) {
Security security = new Security(new Tls(session));
Attributes attrs = pne.getAttributes().toBuilder()
.set(GrpcAttributes.ATTR_SECURITY_LEVEL, SecurityLevel.PRIVACY_AND_INTEGRITY)
.set(Grpc.TRANSPORT_ATTR_SSL_SESSION, session)
.build();
ctx.fireUserEventTriggered(pne.withAttributes(attrs).withSecurity(security));
}
}
/**
* Returns a {@link ProtocolNegotiator} that does HTTP CONNECT proxy negotiation.
*/
public static ProtocolNegotiator httpProxy(final SocketAddress proxyAddress,
final @Nullable String proxyUsername, final @Nullable String proxyPassword,
final ProtocolNegotiator negotiator) {
checkNotNull(negotiator, "negotiator");
checkNotNull(proxyAddress, "proxyAddress");
final AsciiString scheme = negotiator.scheme();
class ProxyNegotiator implements ProtocolNegotiator {
@Override
public ChannelHandler newHandler(GrpcHttp2ConnectionHandler http2Handler) {
ChannelHandler protocolNegotiationHandler = negotiator.newHandler(http2Handler);
ChannelLogger negotiationLogger = http2Handler.getNegotiationLogger();
return new ProxyProtocolNegotiationHandler(
proxyAddress, proxyUsername, proxyPassword, protocolNegotiationHandler,
negotiationLogger);
}
@Override
public AsciiString scheme() {
return scheme;
}
// This method is not normally called, because we use httpProxy on a per-connection basis in
// NettyChannelBuilder. Instead, we expect `negotiator' to be closed by NettyTransportFactory.
@Override
public void close() {
negotiator.close();
}
}
return new ProxyNegotiator();
}
/**
* A Proxy handler follows {@link ProtocolNegotiationHandler} pattern. Upon successful proxy
* connection, this handler will install {@code next} handler which should be a handler from
* other type of {@link ProtocolNegotiator} to continue negotiating protocol using proxy.
*/
static final class ProxyProtocolNegotiationHandler extends ProtocolNegotiationHandler {
private final SocketAddress address;
@Nullable private final String userName;
@Nullable private final String password;
public ProxyProtocolNegotiationHandler(
SocketAddress address,
@Nullable String userName,
@Nullable String password,
ChannelHandler next,
ChannelLogger negotiationLogger) {
super(next, negotiationLogger);
this.address = checkNotNull(address, "address");
this.userName = userName;
this.password = password;
}
@Override
protected void protocolNegotiationEventTriggered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
HttpProxyHandler nettyProxyHandler;
if (userName == null || password == null) {
nettyProxyHandler = new HttpProxyHandler(address);
} else {
nettyProxyHandler = new HttpProxyHandler(address, userName, password);
}
ctx.pipeline().addBefore(ctx.name(), /* name= */ null, nettyProxyHandler);
}
@Override
protected void userEventTriggered0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object evt) throws Exception {
if (evt instanceof ProxyConnectionEvent) {
fireProtocolNegotiationEvent(ctx);
} else {
super.userEventTriggered(ctx, evt);
}
}
}
static final class ClientTlsProtocolNegotiator implements ProtocolNegotiator {
public ClientTlsProtocolNegotiator(SslContext sslContext,
ObjectPool executorPool) {
this.sslContext = checkNotNull(sslContext, "sslContext");
this.executorPool = executorPool;
if (this.executorPool != null) {
this.executor = this.executorPool.getObject();
}
}
private final SslContext sslContext;
private final ObjectPool executorPool;
private Executor executor;
@Override
public AsciiString scheme() {
return Utils.HTTPS;
}
@Override
public ChannelHandler newHandler(GrpcHttp2ConnectionHandler grpcHandler) {
ChannelHandler gnh = new GrpcNegotiationHandler(grpcHandler);
ChannelLogger negotiationLogger = grpcHandler.getNegotiationLogger();
ChannelHandler cth = new ClientTlsHandler(gnh, sslContext, grpcHandler.getAuthority(),
this.executor, negotiationLogger);
return new WaitUntilActiveHandler(cth, negotiationLogger);
}
@Override
public void close() {
if (this.executorPool != null && this.executor != null) {
this.executorPool.returnObject(this.executor);
}
}
}
static final class ClientTlsHandler extends ProtocolNegotiationHandler {
private final SslContext sslContext;
private final String host;
private final int port;
private Executor executor;
ClientTlsHandler(ChannelHandler next, SslContext sslContext, String authority,
Executor executor, ChannelLogger negotiationLogger) {
super(next, negotiationLogger);
this.sslContext = checkNotNull(sslContext, "sslContext");
HostPort hostPort = parseAuthority(authority);
this.host = hostPort.host;
this.port = hostPort.port;
this.executor = executor;
}
@Override
protected void handlerAdded0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
SSLEngine sslEngine = sslContext.newEngine(ctx.alloc(), host, port);
SSLParameters sslParams = sslEngine.getSSLParameters();
sslParams.setEndpointIdentificationAlgorithm("HTTPS");
sslEngine.setSSLParameters(sslParams);
ctx.pipeline().addBefore(ctx.name(), /* name= */ null, this.executor != null
? new SslHandler(sslEngine, false, this.executor)
: new SslHandler(sslEngine, false));
}
@Override
protected void userEventTriggered0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object evt) throws Exception {
if (evt instanceof SslHandshakeCompletionEvent) {
SslHandshakeCompletionEvent handshakeEvent = (SslHandshakeCompletionEvent) evt;
if (handshakeEvent.isSuccess()) {
SslHandler handler = ctx.pipeline().get(SslHandler.class);
if (sslContext.applicationProtocolNegotiator().protocols()
.contains(handler.applicationProtocol())) {
// Successfully negotiated the protocol.
logSslEngineDetails(Level.FINER, ctx, "TLS negotiation succeeded.", null);
propagateTlsComplete(ctx, handler.engine().getSession());
} else {
Exception ex =
unavailableException("Failed ALPN negotiation: Unable to find compatible protocol");
logSslEngineDetails(Level.FINE, ctx, "TLS negotiation failed.", ex);
ctx.fireExceptionCaught(ex);
}
} else {
Throwable t = handshakeEvent.cause();
if (t instanceof ClosedChannelException) {
// On channelInactive(), SslHandler creates its own ClosedChannelException and
// propagates it before the actual channelInactive(). So we assume here that any
// such exception is from channelInactive() and emulate the normal behavior of
// WriteBufferingAndExceptionHandler
t = Status.UNAVAILABLE
.withDescription("Connection closed while performing TLS negotiation")
.withCause(t)
.asRuntimeException();
}
ctx.fireExceptionCaught(t);
}
} else {
super.userEventTriggered0(ctx, evt);
}
}
private void propagateTlsComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, SSLSession session) {
Security security = new Security(new Tls(session));
ProtocolNegotiationEvent existingPne = getProtocolNegotiationEvent();
Attributes attrs = existingPne.getAttributes().toBuilder()
.set(GrpcAttributes.ATTR_SECURITY_LEVEL, SecurityLevel.PRIVACY_AND_INTEGRITY)
.set(Grpc.TRANSPORT_ATTR_SSL_SESSION, session)
.build();
replaceProtocolNegotiationEvent(existingPne.withAttributes(attrs).withSecurity(security));
fireProtocolNegotiationEvent(ctx);
}
}
@VisibleForTesting
static HostPort parseAuthority(String authority) {
URI uri = GrpcUtil.authorityToUri(Preconditions.checkNotNull(authority, "authority"));
String host;
int port;
if (uri.getHost() != null) {
host = uri.getHost();
port = uri.getPort();
} else {
/*
* Implementation note: We pick -1 as the port here rather than deriving it from the
* original socket address. The SSL engine doesn't use this port number when contacting the
* remote server, but rather it is used for other things like SSL Session caching. When an
* invalid authority is provided (like "bad_cert"), picking the original port and passing it
* in would mean that the port might used under the assumption that it was correct. By
* using -1 here, it forces the SSL implementation to treat it as invalid.
*/
host = authority;
port = -1;
}
return new HostPort(host, port);
}
/**
* Returns a {@link ProtocolNegotiator} that ensures the pipeline is set up so that TLS will
* be negotiated, the {@code handler} is added and writes to the {@link io.netty.channel.Channel}
* may happen immediately, even before the TLS Handshake is complete.
* @param executorPool a dedicated {@link Executor} pool for time-consuming TLS tasks
*/
public static ProtocolNegotiator tls(SslContext sslContext,
ObjectPool executorPool) {
return new ClientTlsProtocolNegotiator(sslContext, executorPool);
}
/**
* Returns a {@link ProtocolNegotiator} that ensures the pipeline is set up so that TLS will
* be negotiated, the {@code handler} is added and writes to the {@link io.netty.channel.Channel}
* may happen immediately, even before the TLS Handshake is complete.
*/
public static ProtocolNegotiator tls(SslContext sslContext) {
return tls(sslContext, null);
}
public static ProtocolNegotiator.ClientFactory tlsClientFactory(SslContext sslContext) {
return new TlsProtocolNegotiatorClientFactory(sslContext);
}
@VisibleForTesting
static final class TlsProtocolNegotiatorClientFactory
implements ProtocolNegotiator.ClientFactory {
private final SslContext sslContext;
public TlsProtocolNegotiatorClientFactory(SslContext sslContext) {
this.sslContext = Preconditions.checkNotNull(sslContext, "sslContext");
}
@Override public ProtocolNegotiator newNegotiator() {
return tls(sslContext);
}
@Override public int getDefaultPort() {
return GrpcUtil.DEFAULT_PORT_SSL;
}
}
/** A tuple of (host, port). */
@VisibleForTesting
static final class HostPort {
final String host;
final int port;
public HostPort(String host, int port) {
this.host = host;
this.port = port;
}
}
/**
* Returns a {@link ProtocolNegotiator} used for upgrading to HTTP/2 from HTTP/1.x.
*/
public static ProtocolNegotiator plaintextUpgrade() {
return new PlaintextUpgradeProtocolNegotiator();
}
public static ProtocolNegotiator.ClientFactory plaintextUpgradeClientFactory() {
return new PlaintextUpgradeProtocolNegotiatorClientFactory();
}
private static final class PlaintextUpgradeProtocolNegotiatorClientFactory
implements ProtocolNegotiator.ClientFactory {
@Override public ProtocolNegotiator newNegotiator() {
return plaintextUpgrade();
}
@Override public int getDefaultPort() {
return GrpcUtil.DEFAULT_PORT_PLAINTEXT;
}
}
static final class PlaintextUpgradeProtocolNegotiator implements ProtocolNegotiator {
@Override
public AsciiString scheme() {
return Utils.HTTP;
}
@Override
public ChannelHandler newHandler(GrpcHttp2ConnectionHandler grpcHandler) {
ChannelHandler upgradeHandler =
new Http2UpgradeAndGrpcHandler(grpcHandler.getAuthority(), grpcHandler);
return new WaitUntilActiveHandler(upgradeHandler, grpcHandler.getNegotiationLogger());
}
@Override
public void close() {}
}
/**
* Acts as a combination of Http2Upgrade and {@link GrpcNegotiationHandler}. Unfortunately,
* this negotiator doesn't follow the pattern of "just one handler doing negotiation at a time."
* This is due to the tight coupling between the upgrade handler and the HTTP/2 handler.
*/
static final class Http2UpgradeAndGrpcHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
private final String authority;
private final GrpcHttp2ConnectionHandler next;
private final ChannelLogger negotiationLogger;
private ProtocolNegotiationEvent pne;
Http2UpgradeAndGrpcHandler(String authority, GrpcHttp2ConnectionHandler next) {
this.authority = checkNotNull(authority, "authority");
this.next = checkNotNull(next, "next");
this.negotiationLogger = next.getNegotiationLogger();
}
@Override
public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
negotiationLogger.log(ChannelLogLevel.INFO, "Http2Upgrade started");
HttpClientCodec httpClientCodec = new HttpClientCodec();
ctx.pipeline().addBefore(ctx.name(), null, httpClientCodec);
Http2ClientUpgradeCodec upgradeCodec = new Http2ClientUpgradeCodec(next);
HttpClientUpgradeHandler upgrader =
new HttpClientUpgradeHandler(httpClientCodec, upgradeCodec, /*maxContentLength=*/ 1000);
ctx.pipeline().addBefore(ctx.name(), null, upgrader);
// Trigger the HTTP/1.1 plaintext upgrade protocol by issuing an HTTP request
// which causes the upgrade headers to be added
DefaultHttpRequest upgradeTrigger =
new DefaultHttpRequest(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpMethod.GET, "/");
upgradeTrigger.headers().add(HttpHeaderNames.HOST, authority);
ctx.writeAndFlush(upgradeTrigger).addListener(
ChannelFutureListener.FIRE_EXCEPTION_ON_FAILURE);
super.handlerAdded(ctx);
}
@Override
public void userEventTriggered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object evt) throws Exception {
if (evt instanceof ProtocolNegotiationEvent) {
checkState(pne == null, "negotiation already started");
pne = (ProtocolNegotiationEvent) evt;
} else if (evt == HttpClientUpgradeHandler.UpgradeEvent.UPGRADE_SUCCESSFUL) {
checkState(pne != null, "negotiation not yet complete");
negotiationLogger.log(ChannelLogLevel.INFO, "Http2Upgrade finished");
ctx.pipeline().remove(ctx.name());
next.handleProtocolNegotiationCompleted(pne.getAttributes(), pne.getSecurity());
} else if (evt == HttpClientUpgradeHandler.UpgradeEvent.UPGRADE_REJECTED) {
ctx.fireExceptionCaught(unavailableException("HTTP/2 upgrade rejected"));
} else {
super.userEventTriggered(ctx, evt);
}
}
}
/**
* Returns a {@link ChannelHandler} that ensures that the {@code handler} is added to the
* pipeline writes to the {@link io.netty.channel.Channel} may happen immediately, even before it
* is active.
*/
public static ProtocolNegotiator plaintext() {
return new PlaintextProtocolNegotiator();
}
public static ProtocolNegotiator.ClientFactory plaintextClientFactory() {
return new PlaintextProtocolNegotiatorClientFactory();
}
@VisibleForTesting
static final class PlaintextProtocolNegotiatorClientFactory
implements ProtocolNegotiator.ClientFactory {
@Override public ProtocolNegotiator newNegotiator() {
return plaintext();
}
@Override public int getDefaultPort() {
return GrpcUtil.DEFAULT_PORT_PLAINTEXT;
}
}
private static RuntimeException unavailableException(String msg) {
return Status.UNAVAILABLE.withDescription(msg).asRuntimeException();
}
@VisibleForTesting
static void logSslEngineDetails(Level level, ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg,
@Nullable Throwable t) {
if (!log.isLoggable(level)) {
return;
}
SslHandler sslHandler = ctx.pipeline().get(SslHandler.class);
SSLEngine engine = sslHandler.engine();
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(msg);
builder.append("\nSSLEngine Details: [\n");
if (engine instanceof OpenSslEngine) {
builder.append(" OpenSSL, ");
builder.append("Version: 0x").append(Integer.toHexString(OpenSsl.version()));
builder.append(" (").append(OpenSsl.versionString()).append("), ");
builder.append("ALPN supported: ").append(SslProvider.isAlpnSupported(SslProvider.OPENSSL));
} else if (JettyTlsUtil.isJettyAlpnConfigured()) {
builder.append(" Jetty ALPN");
} else if (JettyTlsUtil.isJettyNpnConfigured()) {
builder.append(" Jetty NPN");
} else if (JettyTlsUtil.isJava9AlpnAvailable()) {
builder.append(" JDK9 ALPN");
}
builder.append("\n TLS Protocol: ");
builder.append(engine.getSession().getProtocol());
builder.append("\n Application Protocol: ");
builder.append(sslHandler.applicationProtocol());
builder.append("\n Need Client Auth: " );
builder.append(engine.getNeedClientAuth());
builder.append("\n Want Client Auth: ");
builder.append(engine.getWantClientAuth());
builder.append("\n Supported protocols=");
builder.append(Arrays.toString(engine.getSupportedProtocols()));
builder.append("\n Enabled protocols=");
builder.append(Arrays.toString(engine.getEnabledProtocols()));
builder.append("\n Supported ciphers=");
builder.append(Arrays.toString(engine.getSupportedCipherSuites()));
builder.append("\n Enabled ciphers=");
builder.append(Arrays.toString(engine.getEnabledCipherSuites()));
builder.append("\n]");
log.log(level, builder.toString(), t);
}
/**
* Adapts a {@link ProtocolNegotiationEvent} to the {@link GrpcHttp2ConnectionHandler}.
*/
static final class GrpcNegotiationHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
private final GrpcHttp2ConnectionHandler next;
public GrpcNegotiationHandler(GrpcHttp2ConnectionHandler next) {
this.next = checkNotNull(next, "next");
}
@Override
public void userEventTriggered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object evt) throws Exception {
if (evt instanceof ProtocolNegotiationEvent) {
ProtocolNegotiationEvent protocolNegotiationEvent = (ProtocolNegotiationEvent) evt;
ctx.pipeline().replace(ctx.name(), null, next);
next.handleProtocolNegotiationCompleted(
protocolNegotiationEvent.getAttributes(), protocolNegotiationEvent.getSecurity());
} else {
super.userEventTriggered(ctx, evt);
}
}
}
/*
* Common {@link ProtocolNegotiator}s used by gRPC. Protocol negotiation follows a pattern to
* simplify the pipeline. The pipeline should look like:
*
* 1. {@link ProtocolNegotiator#newHandler() PN.H}, created.
* 2. [Tail], {@link WriteBufferingAndExceptionHandler WBAEH}, [Head]
* 3. [Tail], WBAEH, PN.H, [Head]
*
* Typically, PN.H with be an instance of {@link InitHandler IH}, which is a trivial handler
* that can return the {@code scheme()} of the negotiation. IH, and each handler after,
* replaces itself with a "next" handler once its part of negotiation is complete. This keeps
* the pipeline small, and limits the interaction between handlers.
*
*
Additionally, each handler may fire a {@link ProtocolNegotiationEvent PNE} just after
* replacing itself. Handlers should capture user events of type PNE, and re-trigger the events
* once that handler's part of negotiation is complete. This can be seen in the
* {@link WaitUntilActiveHandler WUAH}, which waits until the channel is active. Once active, it
* replaces itself with the next handler, and fires a PNE containing the addresses. Continuing
* with IH and WUAH:
*
* 3. [Tail], WBAEH, IH, [Head]
* 4. [Tail], WBAEH, WUAH, [Head]
* 5. [Tail], WBAEH, {@link GrpcNegotiationHandler}, [Head]
* 6a. [Tail], WBAEH, {@link GrpcHttp2ConnectionHandler GHCH}, [Head]
* 6b. [Tail], GHCH, [Head]
*/
/**
* A negotiator that only does plain text.
*/
static final class PlaintextProtocolNegotiator implements ProtocolNegotiator {
@Override
public ChannelHandler newHandler(GrpcHttp2ConnectionHandler grpcHandler) {
ChannelHandler grpcNegotiationHandler = new GrpcNegotiationHandler(grpcHandler);
ChannelHandler activeHandler = new WaitUntilActiveHandler(grpcNegotiationHandler,
grpcHandler.getNegotiationLogger());
return activeHandler;
}
@Override
public void close() {}
@Override
public AsciiString scheme() {
return Utils.HTTP;
}
}
/**
* Waits for the channel to be active, and then installs the next Handler. Using this allows
* subsequent handlers to assume the channel is active and ready to send. Additionally, this a
* {@link ProtocolNegotiationEvent}, with the connection addresses.
*/
static final class WaitUntilActiveHandler extends ProtocolNegotiationHandler {
boolean protocolNegotiationEventReceived;
WaitUntilActiveHandler(ChannelHandler next, ChannelLogger negotiationLogger) {
super(next, negotiationLogger);
}
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
if (protocolNegotiationEventReceived) {
replaceOnActive(ctx);
fireProtocolNegotiationEvent(ctx);
}
// Still propagate channelActive to the new handler.
super.channelActive(ctx);
}
@Override
protected void protocolNegotiationEventTriggered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
protocolNegotiationEventReceived = true;
if (ctx.channel().isActive()) {
replaceOnActive(ctx);
fireProtocolNegotiationEvent(ctx);
}
}
private void replaceOnActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
ProtocolNegotiationEvent existingPne = getProtocolNegotiationEvent();
Attributes attrs = existingPne.getAttributes().toBuilder()
.set(Grpc.TRANSPORT_ATTR_LOCAL_ADDR, ctx.channel().localAddress())
.set(Grpc.TRANSPORT_ATTR_REMOTE_ADDR, ctx.channel().remoteAddress())
// Later handlers are expected to overwrite this.
.set(GrpcAttributes.ATTR_SECURITY_LEVEL, SecurityLevel.NONE)
.build();
replaceProtocolNegotiationEvent(existingPne.withAttributes(attrs));
}
}
/**
* ProtocolNegotiationHandler is a convenience handler that makes it easy to follow the rules for
* protocol negotiation. Handlers should strongly consider extending this handler.
*/
static class ProtocolNegotiationHandler extends ChannelDuplexHandler {
private final ChannelHandler next;
private final String negotiatorName;
private ProtocolNegotiationEvent pne;
private final ChannelLogger negotiationLogger;
protected ProtocolNegotiationHandler(ChannelHandler next, String negotiatorName,
ChannelLogger negotiationLogger) {
this.next = checkNotNull(next, "next");
this.negotiatorName = negotiatorName;
this.negotiationLogger = checkNotNull(negotiationLogger, "negotiationLogger");
}
protected ProtocolNegotiationHandler(ChannelHandler next, ChannelLogger negotiationLogger) {
this.next = checkNotNull(next, "next");
this.negotiatorName = getClass().getSimpleName().replace("Handler", "");
this.negotiationLogger = checkNotNull(negotiationLogger, "negotiationLogger");
}
@Override
public final void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
negotiationLogger.log(ChannelLogLevel.DEBUG, "{0} started", negotiatorName);
handlerAdded0(ctx);
}
@ForOverride
protected void handlerAdded0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
super.handlerAdded(ctx);
}
@Override
public final void userEventTriggered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object evt) throws Exception {
if (evt instanceof ProtocolNegotiationEvent) {
checkState(pne == null, "pre-existing negotiation: %s < %s", pne, evt);
pne = (ProtocolNegotiationEvent) evt;
protocolNegotiationEventTriggered(ctx);
} else {
userEventTriggered0(ctx, evt);
}
}
protected void userEventTriggered0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object evt) throws Exception {
super.userEventTriggered(ctx, evt);
}
@ForOverride
protected void protocolNegotiationEventTriggered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
// no-op
}
protected final ProtocolNegotiationEvent getProtocolNegotiationEvent() {
checkState(pne != null, "previous protocol negotiation event hasn't triggered");
return pne;
}
protected final void replaceProtocolNegotiationEvent(ProtocolNegotiationEvent pne) {
checkState(this.pne != null, "previous protocol negotiation event hasn't triggered");
this.pne = checkNotNull(pne);
}
protected final void fireProtocolNegotiationEvent(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
checkState(pne != null, "previous protocol negotiation event hasn't triggered");
negotiationLogger.log(ChannelLogLevel.INFO, "{0} completed", negotiatorName);
ctx.pipeline().replace(ctx.name(), /* newName= */ null, next);
ctx.fireUserEventTriggered(pne);
}
}
}
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