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The UnboundID LDAP SDK for Java is a fast, comprehensive, and easy-to-use Java API for communicating with LDAP directory servers and performing related tasks like reading and writing LDIF, encoding and decoding data using base64 and ASN.1 BER, and performing secure communication. This package contains the Standard Edition of the LDAP SDK, which is a complete, general-purpose library for communicating with LDAPv3 directory servers.

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/*
 * Copyright 2009-2022 Ping Identity Corporation
 * All Rights Reserved.
 */
/*
 * Copyright 2009-2022 Ping Identity Corporation
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2009-2022 Ping Identity Corporation
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPLv2 only)
 * or the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPLv2.1 only)
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, see .
 */
package com.unboundid.ldap.protocol;



import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import com.unboundid.asn1.ASN1Buffer;
import com.unboundid.asn1.ASN1BufferSequence;
import com.unboundid.asn1.ASN1Element;
import com.unboundid.asn1.ASN1Integer;
import com.unboundid.asn1.ASN1Sequence;
import com.unboundid.asn1.ASN1StreamReader;
import com.unboundid.asn1.ASN1StreamReaderSequence;
import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.Control;
import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.InternalSDKHelper;
import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.LDAPException;
import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.ResultCode;
import com.unboundid.ldap.sdk.schema.Schema;
import com.unboundid.util.Debug;
import com.unboundid.util.InternalUseOnly;
import com.unboundid.util.NotMutable;
import com.unboundid.util.NotNull;
import com.unboundid.util.Nullable;
import com.unboundid.util.StaticUtils;
import com.unboundid.util.ThreadSafety;
import com.unboundid.util.ThreadSafetyLevel;

import static com.unboundid.ldap.protocol.ProtocolMessages.*;



/**
 * This class provides a data structure that may be used to represent LDAP
 * protocol messages.  Each LDAP message contains a message ID, a protocol op,
 * and an optional set of controls.
 */
@InternalUseOnly()
@NotMutable()
@ThreadSafety(level=ThreadSafetyLevel.COMPLETELY_THREADSAFE)
public final class LDAPMessage
       implements Serializable
{
  /**
   * The BER type to use for the bind request protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_BIND_REQUEST = 0x60;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the bind response protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_BIND_RESPONSE = 0x61;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the unbind request protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_UNBIND_REQUEST = 0x42;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the search request protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_REQUEST = 0x63;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the search result entry protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_RESULT_ENTRY = 0x64;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the search result reference protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_RESULT_REFERENCE = 0x73;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the search result done protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_RESULT_DONE = 0x65;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the modify request protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_REQUEST = 0x66;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the modify response protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_RESPONSE = 0x67;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the add request protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_ADD_REQUEST = 0x68;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the add response protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_ADD_RESPONSE = 0x69;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the delete request protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_DELETE_REQUEST = 0x4A;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the delete response protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_DELETE_RESPONSE = 0x6B;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the modify DN request protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_DN_REQUEST = 0x6C;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the modify DN response protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_DN_RESPONSE = 0x6D;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the compare request protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_COMPARE_REQUEST = 0x6E;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the compare response protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_COMPARE_RESPONSE = 0x6F;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the abandon request protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_ABANDON_REQUEST = 0x50;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the extended request protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_EXTENDED_REQUEST = 0x77;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the extended response protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_EXTENDED_RESPONSE = 0x78;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the intermediate response protocol op.
   */
  public static final byte PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE_RESPONSE = 0x79;



  /**
   * The BER type to use for the set of controls.
   */
  public static final byte MESSAGE_TYPE_CONTROLS = (byte) 0xA0;



  /**
   * The serial version UID for this serializable class.
   */
  private static final long serialVersionUID = 909272448857832592L;



  // The message ID for this LDAP message.
  private final int messageID;

  // The protocol op for this LDAP message.
  @NotNull private final ProtocolOp protocolOp;

  // The set of controls for this LDAP message.
  @NotNull private final List controls;



  /**
   * Creates a new LDAP message with the provided information.
   *
   * @param  messageID   The message ID for this LDAP message.
   * @param  protocolOp  The protocol op for this LDAP message.  It must not be
   *                     {@code null}.
   * @param  controls    The set of controls for this LDAP message.  It may be
   *                     {@code null} or empty if no controls are required.
   */
  public LDAPMessage(final int messageID, @NotNull final ProtocolOp protocolOp,
                     @Nullable final Control... controls)
  {
    this.messageID  = messageID;
    this.protocolOp = protocolOp;

    if (controls == null)
    {
      this.controls = Collections.emptyList();
    }
    else
    {
      this.controls = Collections.unmodifiableList(Arrays.asList(controls));
    }
  }



  /**
   * Creates a new LDAP message with the provided information.
   *
   * @param  messageID   The message ID for this LDAP message.
   * @param  protocolOp  The protocol op for this LDAP message.  It must not be
   *                     {@code null}.
   * @param  controls    The set of controls for this LDAP message.  It may be
   *                     {@code null} or empty if no controls are required.
   */
  public LDAPMessage(final int messageID, @NotNull final ProtocolOp protocolOp,
                     @Nullable final List controls)
  {
    this.messageID  = messageID;
    this.protocolOp = protocolOp;

    if (controls == null)
    {
      this.controls = Collections.emptyList();
    }
    else
    {
      this.controls = Collections.unmodifiableList(controls);
    }
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the message ID for this LDAP message.
   *
   * @return  The message ID for this LDAP message.
   */
  public int getMessageID()
  {
    return messageID;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the protocol op for this LDAP message.
   *
   * @return  The protocol op for this LDAP message.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public ProtocolOp getProtocolOp()
  {
    return protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the BER type for the protocol op contained in this LDAP message.
   *
   * @return  The BER type for the protocol op contained in this LDAP message.
   */
  public byte getProtocolOpType()
  {
    return protocolOp.getProtocolOpType();
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the abandon request protocol op from this LDAP message.  This may
   * only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the {@link #readFrom}
   * method.
   *
   * @return  The abandon request protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not an abandon request protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public AbandonRequestProtocolOp getAbandonRequestProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (AbandonRequestProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the add request protocol op from this LDAP message.  This may
   * only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the {@link #readFrom}
   * method.
   *
   * @return  The add request protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not an add request protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public AddRequestProtocolOp getAddRequestProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (AddRequestProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the add response protocol op from this LDAP message.  This may
   * only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the {@link #readFrom}
   * method.
   *
   * @return  The add response protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not an add response protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public AddResponseProtocolOp getAddResponseProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (AddResponseProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the bind request protocol op from this LDAP message.  This may
   * only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the {@link #readFrom}
   * method.
   *
   * @return  The bind request protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not a bind request protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public BindRequestProtocolOp getBindRequestProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (BindRequestProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the bind response protocol op from this LDAP message.  This may
   * only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the {@link #readFrom}
   * method.
   *
   * @return  The bind response protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not a bind response protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public BindResponseProtocolOp getBindResponseProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (BindResponseProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the compare request protocol op from this LDAP message.  This may
   * only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the {@link #readFrom}
   * method.
   *
   * @return  The compare request protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not a compare request protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public CompareRequestProtocolOp getCompareRequestProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (CompareRequestProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the compare response protocol op from this LDAP message.  This
   * may only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the
   * {@link #readFrom} method.
   *
   * @return  The compare response protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not a compare response protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public CompareResponseProtocolOp getCompareResponseProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (CompareResponseProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the delete request protocol op from this LDAP message.  This may
   * only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the {@link #readFrom}
   * method.
   *
   * @return  The delete request protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not a delete request protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public DeleteRequestProtocolOp getDeleteRequestProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (DeleteRequestProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the delete response protocol op from this LDAP message.  This may
   * only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the {@link #readFrom}
   * method.
   *
   * @return  The delete response protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not a delete response protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public DeleteResponseProtocolOp getDeleteResponseProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (DeleteResponseProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the extended request protocol op from this LDAP message.  This
   * may only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the
   * {@link #readFrom} method.
   *
   * @return  The extended request protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not an extended request protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public ExtendedRequestProtocolOp getExtendedRequestProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (ExtendedRequestProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the extended response protocol op from this LDAP message.  This
   * may only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the
   * {@link #readFrom} method.
   *
   * @return  The extended response protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not an extended response protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public ExtendedResponseProtocolOp getExtendedResponseProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (ExtendedResponseProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the modify request protocol op from this LDAP message.  This may
   * only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the {@link #readFrom}
   * method.
   *
   * @return  The modify request protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not a modify request protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public ModifyRequestProtocolOp getModifyRequestProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (ModifyRequestProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the modify response protocol op from this LDAP message.  This may
   * only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the {@link #readFrom}
   * method.
   *
   * @return  The modify response protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not a modify response protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public ModifyResponseProtocolOp getModifyResponseProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (ModifyResponseProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the modify DN request protocol op from this LDAP message.  This
   * may only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the
   * {@link #readFrom} method.
   *
   * @return  The modify DN request protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not a modify DN request protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public ModifyDNRequestProtocolOp getModifyDNRequestProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (ModifyDNRequestProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the modify DN response protocol op from this LDAP message.  This
   * may only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the
   * {@link #readFrom} method.
   *
   * @return  The modify DN response protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not a modify DN response protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public ModifyDNResponseProtocolOp getModifyDNResponseProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (ModifyDNResponseProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the search request protocol op from this LDAP message.  This
   * may only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the
   * {@link #readFrom} method.
   *
   * @return  The search request protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not a search request protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public SearchRequestProtocolOp getSearchRequestProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (SearchRequestProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the search result entry protocol op from this LDAP message.  This
   * may only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the
   * {@link #readFrom} method.
   *
   * @return  The search result entry protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not a search result entry protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public SearchResultEntryProtocolOp getSearchResultEntryProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (SearchResultEntryProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the search result reference protocol op from this LDAP message.
   * This may only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the
   * {@link #readFrom} method.
   *
   * @return  The search result reference protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not a search result reference protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public SearchResultReferenceProtocolOp getSearchResultReferenceProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (SearchResultReferenceProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the search result done protocol op from this LDAP message.  This
   * may only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the
   * {@link #readFrom} method.
   *
   * @return  The search result done protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not a search result done protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public SearchResultDoneProtocolOp getSearchResultDoneProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (SearchResultDoneProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the unbind request protocol op from this LDAP message.  This may
   * only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the {@link #readFrom}
   * method.
   *
   * @return  The unbind request protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not an unbind request protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public UnbindRequestProtocolOp getUnbindRequestProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (UnbindRequestProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the intermediate response protocol op from this LDAP message.
   * This may only be used if this LDAP message was obtained using the
   * {@link #readFrom} method.
   *
   * @return  The intermediate response protocol op from this LDAP message.
   *
   * @throws  ClassCastException  If the protocol op for this LDAP message is
   *                              not an intermediate response protocol op.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public IntermediateResponseProtocolOp getIntermediateResponseProtocolOp()
         throws ClassCastException
  {
    return (IntermediateResponseProtocolOp) protocolOp;
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves the set of controls for this LDAP message.
   *
   * @return  The set of controls for this LDAP message.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public List getControls()
  {
    return controls;
  }



  /**
   * Encodes this LDAP message to an ASN.1 element.
   *
   * @return  The ASN.1 element containing the encoded representation of this
   *          LDAP message.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public ASN1Element encode()
  {
    if (controls.isEmpty())
    {
      return new ASN1Sequence(
           new ASN1Integer(messageID),
           protocolOp.encodeProtocolOp());
    }
    else
    {
      final Control[] controlArray = new Control[controls.size()];
      controls.toArray(controlArray);

      return new ASN1Sequence(
           new ASN1Integer(messageID),
           protocolOp.encodeProtocolOp(),
           Control.encodeControls(controlArray));
    }
  }



  /**
   * Decodes the provided ASN.1 element as an LDAP message.
   *
   * @param  element  The ASN.1 element to be decoded.
   *
   * @return  The LDAP message decoded from the provided ASN.1 element.
   *
   * @throws  LDAPException  If the provided ASN.1 element cannot be decoded as
   *                         a valid LDAP message.
   */
  @NotNull()
  public static LDAPMessage decode(@NotNull final ASN1Element element)
         throws LDAPException
  {
    try
    {
      final ASN1Element[] elements =
           ASN1Sequence.decodeAsSequence(element).elements();
      if ((elements.length < 2) || (elements.length > 3))
      {
        throw new LDAPException(ResultCode.DECODING_ERROR,
             ERR_MESSAGE_DECODE_VALUE_SEQUENCE_INVALID_ELEMENT_COUNT.get(
                  elements.length));
      }

      final int messageID = ASN1Integer.decodeAsInteger(elements[0]).intValue();

      final ProtocolOp protocolOp;
      switch (elements[1].getType())
      {
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_ABANDON_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = AbandonRequestProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_ADD_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = AddRequestProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_ADD_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp = AddResponseProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_BIND_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = BindRequestProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_BIND_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp = BindResponseProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_COMPARE_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = CompareRequestProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_COMPARE_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp = CompareResponseProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_DELETE_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = DeleteRequestProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_DELETE_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp = DeleteResponseProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_EXTENDED_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = ExtendedRequestProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_EXTENDED_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp = ExtendedResponseProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp =
               IntermediateResponseProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = ModifyRequestProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp = ModifyResponseProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_DN_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = ModifyDNRequestProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_DN_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp = ModifyDNResponseProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = SearchRequestProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_RESULT_DONE:
          protocolOp = SearchResultDoneProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_RESULT_ENTRY:
          protocolOp =
               SearchResultEntryProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_RESULT_REFERENCE:
          protocolOp =
               SearchResultReferenceProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_UNBIND_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = UnbindRequestProtocolOp.decodeProtocolOp(elements[1]);
          break;
        default:
          throw new LDAPException(ResultCode.DECODING_ERROR,
               ERR_MESSAGE_DECODE_INVALID_PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE.get(
                    StaticUtils.toHex(elements[1].getType())));
      }

      final Control[] controls;
      if (elements.length == 3)
      {
        controls =
             Control.decodeControls(ASN1Sequence.decodeAsSequence(elements[2]));
      }
      else
      {
        controls = null;
      }

      return new LDAPMessage(messageID, protocolOp, controls);
    }
    catch (final LDAPException le)
    {
      Debug.debugException(le);
      throw le;
    }
    catch (final Exception e)
    {
      Debug.debugException(e);
      throw new LDAPException(ResultCode.DECODING_ERROR,
           ERR_MESSAGE_DECODE_ERROR.get(StaticUtils.getExceptionMessage(e)),
           e);
    }
  }



  /**
   * Writes an encoded representation of this LDAP message to the provided ASN.1
   * buffer.
   *
   * @param  buffer  The ASN.1 buffer to which the encoded representation should
   *                 be written.
   */
  public void writeTo(@NotNull final ASN1Buffer buffer)
  {
    final ASN1BufferSequence messageSequence = buffer.beginSequence();
    buffer.addInteger(messageID);
    protocolOp.writeTo(buffer);

    if (! controls.isEmpty())
    {
      final ASN1BufferSequence controlsSequence =
           buffer.beginSequence(MESSAGE_TYPE_CONTROLS);
      for (final Control c : controls)
      {
        c.writeTo(buffer);
      }
      controlsSequence.end();
    }
    messageSequence.end();
  }



  /**
   * Reads an LDAP message from the provided ASN.1 stream reader.
   *
   * @param  reader               The ASN.1 stream reader from which the LDAP
   *                              message should be read.
   * @param  ignoreSocketTimeout  Indicates whether to ignore socket timeout
   *                              exceptions caught during processing.  This
   *                              should be {@code true} when the associated
   *                              connection is operating in asynchronous mode,
   *                              and {@code false} when operating in
   *                              synchronous mode.  In either case, exceptions
   *                              will not be ignored for the first read, since
   *                              that will be handled by the connection reader.
   *
   * @return  The decoded LDAP message, or {@code null} if the end of the input
   *          stream has been reached.
   *
   * @throws  LDAPException  If an error occurs while attempting to read or
   *                         decode the LDAP message.
   */
  @Nullable()
  public static LDAPMessage readFrom(@NotNull final ASN1StreamReader reader,
                                     final boolean ignoreSocketTimeout)
         throws LDAPException
  {
    final ASN1StreamReaderSequence messageSequence;
    try
    {
      reader.setIgnoreSocketTimeout(false, ignoreSocketTimeout);
      messageSequence = reader.beginSequence();
      if (messageSequence == null)
      {
        return null;
      }
    }
    catch (final IOException ioe)
    {
      if (! ((ioe instanceof SocketTimeoutException) ||
             (ioe instanceof InterruptedIOException)))
      {
        Debug.debugException(ioe);
      }

      throw new LDAPException(ResultCode.SERVER_DOWN,
           ERR_MESSAGE_IO_ERROR.get(StaticUtils.getExceptionMessage(ioe)), ioe);
    }
    catch (final Exception e)
    {
      Debug.debugException(e);

      throw new LDAPException(ResultCode.DECODING_ERROR,
           ERR_MESSAGE_CANNOT_DECODE.get(StaticUtils.getExceptionMessage(e)),
           e);
    }

    try
    {

      reader.setIgnoreSocketTimeout(ignoreSocketTimeout, ignoreSocketTimeout);
      final int messageID = reader.readInteger();

      final ProtocolOp protocolOp;
      final byte protocolOpType = (byte) reader.peek();
      switch (protocolOpType)
      {
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_BIND_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = new BindRequestProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_BIND_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp = new BindResponseProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_UNBIND_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = new UnbindRequestProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = new SearchRequestProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_RESULT_ENTRY:
          protocolOp = new SearchResultEntryProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_RESULT_REFERENCE:
          protocolOp = new SearchResultReferenceProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_RESULT_DONE:
          protocolOp = new SearchResultDoneProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = new ModifyRequestProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp = new ModifyResponseProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_ADD_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = new AddRequestProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_ADD_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp = new AddResponseProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_DELETE_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = new DeleteRequestProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_DELETE_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp = new DeleteResponseProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_DN_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = new ModifyDNRequestProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_DN_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp = new ModifyDNResponseProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_COMPARE_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = new CompareRequestProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_COMPARE_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp = new CompareResponseProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_ABANDON_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = new AbandonRequestProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_EXTENDED_REQUEST:
          protocolOp = new ExtendedRequestProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_EXTENDED_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp = new ExtendedResponseProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE_RESPONSE:
          protocolOp = new IntermediateResponseProtocolOp(reader);
          break;
        default:
          throw new LDAPException(ResultCode.DECODING_ERROR,
               ERR_MESSAGE_INVALID_PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE.get(
                    StaticUtils.toHex(protocolOpType)));
      }

      final ArrayList controls = new ArrayList<>(5);
      if (messageSequence.hasMoreElements())
      {
        final ASN1StreamReaderSequence controlSequence = reader.beginSequence();
        while (controlSequence.hasMoreElements())
        {
          controls.add(Control.readFrom(reader));
        }
      }

      return new LDAPMessage(messageID, protocolOp, controls);
    }
    catch (final LDAPException le)
    {
      Debug.debugException(le);
      throw le;
    }
    catch (final IOException ioe)
    {
      Debug.debugException(ioe);

      if ((ioe instanceof SocketTimeoutException) ||
          (ioe instanceof InterruptedIOException))
      {
        // We don't want to provide this exception as the cause because we want
        // to ensure that a failure in the middle of the response causes the
        // connection to be terminated.
        throw new LDAPException(ResultCode.DECODING_ERROR,
             ERR_MESSAGE_CANNOT_DECODE.get(StaticUtils.
                  getExceptionMessage(ioe)));
      }
      else
      {
        throw new LDAPException(ResultCode.SERVER_DOWN,
             ERR_MESSAGE_IO_ERROR.get(StaticUtils.getExceptionMessage(ioe)),
             ioe);
      }
    }
    catch (final Exception e)
    {
      Debug.debugException(e);

      throw new LDAPException(ResultCode.DECODING_ERROR,
           ERR_MESSAGE_CANNOT_DECODE.get(StaticUtils.getExceptionMessage(e)),
           e);
    }
  }



  /**
   * Reads {@link LDAPResponse} object from the provided ASN.1 stream reader.
   *
   * @param  reader               The ASN.1 stream reader from which the LDAP
   *                              message should be read.
   * @param  ignoreSocketTimeout  Indicates whether to ignore socket timeout
   *                              exceptions caught during processing.  This
   *                              should be {@code true} when the associated
   *                              connection is operating in asynchronous mode,
   *                              and {@code false} when operating in
   *                              synchronous mode.  In either case, exceptions
   *                              will not be ignored for the first read, since
   *                              that will be handled by the connection reader.
   *
   * @return  The decoded LDAP message, or {@code null} if the end of the input
   *          stream has been reached.
   *
   * @throws  LDAPException  If an error occurs while attempting to read or
   *                         decode the LDAP message.
   */
  @Nullable()
  public static LDAPResponse readLDAPResponseFrom(
                                  @NotNull final ASN1StreamReader reader,
                                  final boolean ignoreSocketTimeout)
         throws LDAPException
  {
    return readLDAPResponseFrom(reader, ignoreSocketTimeout, null);
  }



  /**
   * Reads {@link LDAPResponse} object from the provided ASN.1 stream reader.
   *
   * @param  reader               The ASN.1 stream reader from which the LDAP
   *                              message should be read.
   * @param  ignoreSocketTimeout  Indicates whether to ignore socket timeout
   *                              exceptions caught during processing.  This
   *                              should be {@code true} when the associated
   *                              connection is operating in asynchronous mode,
   *                              and {@code false} when operating in
   *                              synchronous mode.  In either case, exceptions
   *                              will not be ignored for the first read, since
   *                              that will be handled by the connection reader.
   * @param  schema               The schema to use to select the appropriate
   *                              matching rule for attributes included in the
   *                              response.
   *
   * @return  The decoded LDAP message, or {@code null} if the end of the input
   *          stream has been reached.
   *
   * @throws  LDAPException  If an error occurs while attempting to read or
   *                         decode the LDAP message.
   */
  @Nullable()
  public static LDAPResponse readLDAPResponseFrom(
                                  @NotNull final ASN1StreamReader reader,
                                  final boolean ignoreSocketTimeout,
                                  @Nullable final Schema schema)
         throws LDAPException
  {
    final ASN1StreamReaderSequence messageSequence;
    try
    {
      reader.setIgnoreSocketTimeout(false, ignoreSocketTimeout);
      messageSequence = reader.beginSequence();
      if (messageSequence == null)
      {
        return null;
      }
    }
    catch (final IOException ioe)
    {
      final ResultCode resultCode;
      if (ioe instanceof SocketTimeoutException)
      {
        resultCode = ResultCode.TIMEOUT;
      }
      else
      {
        Debug.debugException(ioe);
        resultCode = ResultCode.SERVER_DOWN;
      }

      throw new LDAPException(resultCode,
           ERR_MESSAGE_IO_ERROR.get(StaticUtils.getExceptionMessage(ioe)), ioe);
    }
    catch (final Exception e)
    {
      Debug.debugException(e);

      throw new LDAPException(ResultCode.DECODING_ERROR,
           ERR_MESSAGE_CANNOT_DECODE.get(StaticUtils.getExceptionMessage(e)),
           e);
    }

    try
    {
      reader.setIgnoreSocketTimeout(ignoreSocketTimeout, ignoreSocketTimeout);
      final int messageID = reader.readInteger();

      final byte protocolOpType = (byte) reader.peek();
      switch (protocolOpType)
      {
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_ADD_RESPONSE:
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_DELETE_RESPONSE:
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_RESPONSE:
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_DN_RESPONSE:
          return InternalSDKHelper.readLDAPResultFrom(messageID,
                      messageSequence, reader);

        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_BIND_RESPONSE:
          return InternalSDKHelper.readBindResultFrom(messageID,
                      messageSequence, reader);

        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_COMPARE_RESPONSE:
          return InternalSDKHelper.readCompareResultFrom(messageID,
                      messageSequence, reader);

        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_EXTENDED_RESPONSE:
          return InternalSDKHelper.readExtendedResultFrom(messageID,
                      messageSequence, reader);

        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_RESULT_ENTRY:
          return InternalSDKHelper.readSearchResultEntryFrom(messageID,
                      messageSequence, reader, schema);

        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_RESULT_REFERENCE:
          return InternalSDKHelper.readSearchResultReferenceFrom(messageID,
                      messageSequence, reader);

        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_RESULT_DONE:
          return InternalSDKHelper.readSearchResultFrom(messageID,
                      messageSequence, reader);

        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_INTERMEDIATE_RESPONSE:
          return InternalSDKHelper.readIntermediateResponseFrom(messageID,
                      messageSequence, reader);

        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_ABANDON_REQUEST:
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_ADD_REQUEST:
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_BIND_REQUEST:
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_COMPARE_REQUEST:
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_DELETE_REQUEST:
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_EXTENDED_REQUEST:
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_REQUEST:
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_MODIFY_DN_REQUEST:
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_SEARCH_REQUEST:
        case PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_UNBIND_REQUEST:
          throw new LDAPException(ResultCode.DECODING_ERROR,
               ERR_MESSAGE_PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE_NOT_RESPONSE.get(
                    StaticUtils.toHex(protocolOpType)));

        default:
          throw new LDAPException(ResultCode.DECODING_ERROR,
               ERR_MESSAGE_INVALID_PROTOCOL_OP_TYPE.get(
                    StaticUtils.toHex(protocolOpType)));
      }
    }
    catch (final LDAPException le)
    {
      Debug.debugException(le);
      throw le;
    }
    catch (final IOException ioe)
    {
      Debug.debugException(ioe);

      if ((ioe instanceof SocketTimeoutException) ||
          (ioe instanceof InterruptedIOException))
      {
        // We don't want to provide this exception as the cause because we want
        // to ensure that a failure in the middle of the response causes the
        // connection to be terminated.
        throw new LDAPException(ResultCode.DECODING_ERROR,
             ERR_MESSAGE_CANNOT_DECODE.get(
                  StaticUtils.getExceptionMessage(ioe)));
      }
      else
      {
        throw new LDAPException(ResultCode.SERVER_DOWN,
             ERR_MESSAGE_IO_ERROR.get(StaticUtils.getExceptionMessage(ioe)),
             ioe);
      }
    }
    catch (final Exception e)
    {
      Debug.debugException(e);

      throw new LDAPException(ResultCode.DECODING_ERROR,
           ERR_MESSAGE_CANNOT_DECODE.get(StaticUtils.getExceptionMessage(e)),
           e);
    }
  }



  /**
   * Retrieves a string representation of this LDAP message.
   *
   * @return  A string representation of this LDAP message.
   */
  @Override()
  @NotNull()
  public String toString()
  {
    final StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
    toString(buffer);
    return buffer.toString();
  }



  /**
   * Appends a string representation of this LDAP message to the provided
   * buffer.
   *
   * @param  buffer  The buffer to which the string representation should be
   *                 appended.
   */
  public void toString(@NotNull final StringBuilder buffer)
  {
    buffer.append("LDAPMessage(msgID=");
    buffer.append(messageID);
    buffer.append(", protocolOp=");
    protocolOp.toString(buffer);

    if (! controls.isEmpty())
    {
      buffer.append(", controls={");
      final Iterator iterator = controls.iterator();
      while (iterator.hasNext())
      {
        iterator.next().toString(buffer);
        if (iterator.hasNext())
        {
          buffer.append(',');
        }
      }
      buffer.append('}');
    }

    buffer.append(')');
  }
}




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