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/*
 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Guava Authors
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.google.common.collect;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static com.google.common.collect.CollectPreconditions.checkNonnegative;
import static com.google.common.collect.ObjectArrays.checkElementNotNull;

import com.google.common.annotations.Beta;
import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import com.google.common.primitives.Ints;
import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
import com.google.errorprone.annotations.concurrent.LazyInit;
import com.google.j2objc.annotations.RetainedWith;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.EnumSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.SortedSet;
import java.util.Spliterator;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.stream.Collector;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;

/**
 * A {@link Set} whose contents will never change, with many other important properties detailed at
 * {@link ImmutableCollection}.
 *
 * @since 2.0
 */
@GwtCompatible(serializable = true, emulated = true)
@SuppressWarnings("serial") // we're overriding default serialization
public abstract class ImmutableSet extends ImmutableCollection implements Set {
  static final int SPLITERATOR_CHARACTERISTICS =
      ImmutableCollection.SPLITERATOR_CHARACTERISTICS | Spliterator.DISTINCT;

  /**
   * Returns a {@code Collector} that accumulates the input elements into a new {@code
   * ImmutableSet}. Elements appear in the resulting set in the encounter order of the stream; if
   * the stream contains duplicates (according to {@link Object#equals(Object)}), only the first
   * duplicate in encounter order will appear in the result.
   *
   * @since 21.0
   */
  @Beta
  public static  Collector> toImmutableSet() {
    return CollectCollectors.toImmutableSet();
  }

  /**
   * Returns the empty immutable set. Preferred over {@link Collections#emptySet} for code
   * consistency, and because the return type conveys the immutability guarantee.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked"}) // fully variant implementation (never actually produces any Es)
  public static  ImmutableSet of() {
    return (ImmutableSet) RegularImmutableSet.EMPTY;
  }

  /**
   * Returns an immutable set containing {@code element}. Preferred over {@link
   * Collections#singleton} for code consistency, {@code null} rejection, and because the return
   * type conveys the immutability guarantee.
   */
  public static  ImmutableSet of(E element) {
    return new SingletonImmutableSet(element);
  }

  /**
   * Returns an immutable set containing the given elements, minus duplicates, in the order each was
   * first specified. That is, if multiple elements are {@linkplain Object#equals equal}, all except
   * the first are ignored.
   */
  public static  ImmutableSet of(E e1, E e2) {
    return construct(2, e1, e2);
  }

  /**
   * Returns an immutable set containing the given elements, minus duplicates, in the order each was
   * first specified. That is, if multiple elements are {@linkplain Object#equals equal}, all except
   * the first are ignored.
   */
  public static  ImmutableSet of(E e1, E e2, E e3) {
    return construct(3, e1, e2, e3);
  }

  /**
   * Returns an immutable set containing the given elements, minus duplicates, in the order each was
   * first specified. That is, if multiple elements are {@linkplain Object#equals equal}, all except
   * the first are ignored.
   */
  public static  ImmutableSet of(E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4) {
    return construct(4, e1, e2, e3, e4);
  }

  /**
   * Returns an immutable set containing the given elements, minus duplicates, in the order each was
   * first specified. That is, if multiple elements are {@linkplain Object#equals equal}, all except
   * the first are ignored.
   */
  public static  ImmutableSet of(E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4, E e5) {
    return construct(5, e1, e2, e3, e4, e5);
  }

  /**
   * Returns an immutable set containing the given elements, minus duplicates, in the order each was
   * first specified. That is, if multiple elements are {@linkplain Object#equals equal}, all except
   * the first are ignored.
   *
   * @since 3.0 (source-compatible since 2.0)
   */
  @SafeVarargs // For Eclipse. For internal javac we have disabled this pointless type of warning.
  public static  ImmutableSet of(E e1, E e2, E e3, E e4, E e5, E e6, E... others) {
    final int paramCount = 6;
    Object[] elements = new Object[paramCount + others.length];
    elements[0] = e1;
    elements[1] = e2;
    elements[2] = e3;
    elements[3] = e4;
    elements[4] = e5;
    elements[5] = e6;
    System.arraycopy(others, 0, elements, paramCount, others.length);
    return construct(elements.length, elements);
  }

  /**
   * Constructs an {@code ImmutableSet} from the first {@code n} elements of the specified array.
   * If {@code k} is the size of the returned {@code ImmutableSet}, then the unique elements of
   * {@code elements} will be in the first {@code k} positions, and {@code elements[i] == null} for
   * {@code k <= i < n}.
   *
   * 

This may modify {@code elements}. Additionally, if {@code n == elements.length} and * {@code elements} contains no duplicates, {@code elements} may be used without copying in the * returned {@code ImmutableSet}, in which case it may no longer be modified. * *

{@code elements} may contain only values of type {@code E}. * * @throws NullPointerException if any of the first {@code n} elements of {@code elements} is * null */ private static ImmutableSet construct(int n, Object... elements) { switch (n) { case 0: return of(); case 1: @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // safe; elements contains only E's E elem = (E) elements[0]; return of(elem); default: // continue below to handle the general case } int tableSize = chooseTableSize(n); Object[] table = new Object[tableSize]; int mask = tableSize - 1; int hashCode = 0; int uniques = 0; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { Object element = checkElementNotNull(elements[i], i); int hash = element.hashCode(); for (int j = Hashing.smear(hash); ; j++) { int index = j & mask; Object value = table[index]; if (value == null) { // Came to an empty slot. Put the element here. elements[uniques++] = element; table[index] = element; hashCode += hash; break; } else if (value.equals(element)) { break; } } } Arrays.fill(elements, uniques, n, null); if (uniques == 1) { // There is only one element or elements are all duplicates @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // we are careful to only pass in E E element = (E) elements[0]; return new SingletonImmutableSet(element, hashCode); } else if (tableSize != chooseTableSize(uniques)) { // Resize the table when the array includes too many duplicates. // when this happens, we have already made a copy return construct(uniques, elements); } else { Object[] uniqueElements = (uniques < elements.length) ? Arrays.copyOf(elements, uniques) : elements; return new RegularImmutableSet(uniqueElements, hashCode, table, mask); } } // We use power-of-2 tables, and this is the highest int that's a power of 2 static final int MAX_TABLE_SIZE = Ints.MAX_POWER_OF_TWO; // Represents how tightly we can pack things, as a maximum. private static final double DESIRED_LOAD_FACTOR = 0.7; // If the set has this many elements, it will "max out" the table size private static final int CUTOFF = (int) (MAX_TABLE_SIZE * DESIRED_LOAD_FACTOR); /** * Returns an array size suitable for the backing array of a hash table that uses open addressing * with linear probing in its implementation. The returned size is the smallest power of two that * can hold setSize elements with the desired load factor. Always returns at least setSize + 2. */ @VisibleForTesting static int chooseTableSize(int setSize) { setSize = Math.max(setSize, 2); // Correct the size for open addressing to match desired load factor. if (setSize < CUTOFF) { // Round up to the next highest power of 2. int tableSize = Integer.highestOneBit(setSize - 1) << 1; while (tableSize * DESIRED_LOAD_FACTOR < setSize) { tableSize <<= 1; } return tableSize; } // The table can't be completely full or we'll get infinite reprobes checkArgument(setSize < MAX_TABLE_SIZE, "collection too large"); return MAX_TABLE_SIZE; } /** * Returns an immutable set containing each of {@code elements}, minus duplicates, in the order * each appears first in the source collection. * *

Performance note: This method will sometimes recognize that the actual copy operation * is unnecessary; for example, {@code copyOf(copyOf(anArrayList))} will copy the data only once. * This reduces the expense of habitually making defensive copies at API boundaries. However, the * precise conditions for skipping the copy operation are undefined. * * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null * @since 7.0 (source-compatible since 2.0) */ public static ImmutableSet copyOf(Collection elements) { /* * TODO(lowasser): consider checking for ImmutableAsList here * TODO(lowasser): consider checking for Multiset here */ // Don't refer to ImmutableSortedSet by name so it won't pull in all that code if (elements instanceof ImmutableSet && !(elements instanceof SortedSet)) { @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // all supported methods are covariant ImmutableSet set = (ImmutableSet) elements; if (!set.isPartialView()) { return set; } } else if (elements instanceof EnumSet) { return copyOfEnumSet((EnumSet) elements); } Object[] array = elements.toArray(); return construct(array.length, array); } /** * Returns an immutable set containing each of {@code elements}, minus duplicates, in the order * each appears first in the source iterable. This method iterates over {@code elements} only * once. * *

Performance note: This method will sometimes recognize that the actual copy operation * is unnecessary; for example, {@code copyOf(copyOf(anArrayList))} should copy the data only * once. This reduces the expense of habitually making defensive copies at API boundaries. * However, the precise conditions for skipping the copy operation are undefined. * * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null */ public static ImmutableSet copyOf(Iterable elements) { return (elements instanceof Collection) ? copyOf((Collection) elements) : copyOf(elements.iterator()); } /** * Returns an immutable set containing each of {@code elements}, minus duplicates, in the order * each appears first in the source iterator. * * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null */ public static ImmutableSet copyOf(Iterator elements) { // We special-case for 0 or 1 elements, but anything further is madness. if (!elements.hasNext()) { return of(); } E first = elements.next(); if (!elements.hasNext()) { return of(first); } else { return new ImmutableSet.Builder().add(first).addAll(elements).build(); } } /** * Returns an immutable set containing each of {@code elements}, minus duplicates, in the order * each appears first in the source array. * * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null * @since 3.0 */ public static ImmutableSet copyOf(E[] elements) { switch (elements.length) { case 0: return of(); case 1: return of(elements[0]); default: return construct(elements.length, elements.clone()); } } @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") // necessary to compile against Java 8 private static ImmutableSet copyOfEnumSet(EnumSet enumSet) { return ImmutableEnumSet.asImmutable(EnumSet.copyOf(enumSet)); } ImmutableSet() {} /** Returns {@code true} if the {@code hashCode()} method runs quickly. */ boolean isHashCodeFast() { return false; } @Override public boolean equals(@Nullable Object object) { if (object == this) { return true; } else if (object instanceof ImmutableSet && isHashCodeFast() && ((ImmutableSet) object).isHashCodeFast() && hashCode() != object.hashCode()) { return false; } return Sets.equalsImpl(this, object); } @Override public int hashCode() { return Sets.hashCodeImpl(this); } // This declaration is needed to make Set.iterator() and // ImmutableCollection.iterator() consistent. @Override public abstract UnmodifiableIterator iterator(); @LazyInit @RetainedWith private transient ImmutableList asList; @Override public ImmutableList asList() { ImmutableList result = asList; return (result == null) ? asList = createAsList() : result; } ImmutableList createAsList() { return new RegularImmutableAsList(this, toArray()); } abstract static class Indexed extends ImmutableSet { abstract E get(int index); @Override public UnmodifiableIterator iterator() { return asList().iterator(); } @Override public Spliterator spliterator() { return CollectSpliterators.indexed(size(), SPLITERATOR_CHARACTERISTICS, this::get); } @Override public void forEach(Consumer consumer) { checkNotNull(consumer); int n = size(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { consumer.accept(get(i)); } } @Override ImmutableList createAsList() { return new ImmutableAsList() { @Override public E get(int index) { return Indexed.this.get(index); } @Override Indexed delegateCollection() { return Indexed.this; } }; } } /* * This class is used to serialize all ImmutableSet instances, except for * ImmutableEnumSet/ImmutableSortedSet, regardless of implementation type. It * captures their "logical contents" and they are reconstructed using public * static factories. This is necessary to ensure that the existence of a * particular implementation type is an implementation detail. */ private static class SerializedForm implements Serializable { final Object[] elements; SerializedForm(Object[] elements) { this.elements = elements; } Object readResolve() { return copyOf(elements); } private static final long serialVersionUID = 0; } @Override Object writeReplace() { return new SerializedForm(toArray()); } /** * Returns a new builder. The generated builder is equivalent to the builder * created by the {@link Builder} constructor. */ public static Builder builder() { return new Builder(); } /** * Returns a new builder, expecting the specified number of distinct elements to be added. * *

If {@code expectedSize} is exactly the number of distinct elements added to the builder * before {@link Builder#build} is called, the builder is likely to perform better than an unsized * {@link #builder()} would have. * *

It is not specified if any performance benefits apply if {@code expectedSize} is close to, * but not exactly, the number of distinct elements added to the builder. * * @since 23.1 */ @Beta public static Builder builderWithExpectedSize(int expectedSize) { checkNonnegative(expectedSize, "expectedSize"); return new Builder(expectedSize); } /** * A builder for creating {@code ImmutableSet} instances. Example:

   {@code
   *
   *   static final ImmutableSet GOOGLE_COLORS =
   *       ImmutableSet.builder()
   *           .addAll(WEBSAFE_COLORS)
   *           .add(new Color(0, 191, 255))
   *           .build();}
* *

Elements appear in the resulting set in the same order they were first added to the builder. * *

Building does not change the state of the builder, so it is still possible to add more * elements and to build again. * * @since 2.0 */ public static class Builder extends ImmutableCollection.ArrayBasedBuilder { @VisibleForTesting Object[] hashTable; private int hashCode; /** * Creates a new builder. The returned builder is equivalent to the builder * generated by {@link ImmutableSet#builder}. */ public Builder() { super(DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY); } Builder(int capacity) { super(capacity); this.hashTable = new Object[chooseTableSize(capacity)]; } /** * Adds {@code element} to the {@code ImmutableSet}. If the {@code * ImmutableSet} already contains {@code element}, then {@code add} has no * effect (only the previously added element is retained). * * @param element the element to add * @return this {@code Builder} object * @throws NullPointerException if {@code element} is null */ @CanIgnoreReturnValue @Override public Builder add(E element) { checkNotNull(element); if (hashTable != null && chooseTableSize(size) <= hashTable.length) { addDeduping(element); return this; } else { hashTable = null; super.add(element); return this; } } private void addDeduping(E element) { int mask = hashTable.length - 1; int hash = element.hashCode(); for (int i = Hashing.smear(hash); ; i++) { i &= mask; Object previous = hashTable[i]; if (previous == null) { hashTable[i] = element; hashCode += hash; super.add(element); return; } else if (previous.equals(element)) { return; } } } /** * Adds each element of {@code elements} to the {@code ImmutableSet}, * ignoring duplicate elements (only the first duplicate element is added). * * @param elements the elements to add * @return this {@code Builder} object * @throws NullPointerException if {@code elements} is null or contains a * null element */ @CanIgnoreReturnValue @Override public Builder add(E... elements) { if (hashTable != null) { for (E e : elements) { add(e); } } else { super.add(elements); } return this; } /** * Adds each element of {@code elements} to the {@code ImmutableSet}, * ignoring duplicate elements (only the first duplicate element is added). * * @param elements the {@code Iterable} to add to the {@code ImmutableSet} * @return this {@code Builder} object * @throws NullPointerException if {@code elements} is null or contains a * null element */ @CanIgnoreReturnValue @Override public Builder addAll(Iterable elements) { checkNotNull(elements); if (hashTable != null) { for (E e : elements) { add(e); } } else { super.addAll(elements); } return this; } /** * Adds each element of {@code elements} to the {@code ImmutableSet}, * ignoring duplicate elements (only the first duplicate element is added). * * @param elements the elements to add to the {@code ImmutableSet} * @return this {@code Builder} object * @throws NullPointerException if {@code elements} is null or contains a * null element */ @CanIgnoreReturnValue @Override public Builder addAll(Iterator elements) { checkNotNull(elements); while (elements.hasNext()) { add(elements.next()); } return this; } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @CanIgnoreReturnValue @Override Builder combine(ArrayBasedBuilder builder) { if (hashTable != null && builder instanceof Builder) { for (int i = 0; i < builder.size; i++) { addDeduping((E) builder.contents[i]); } } else { super.combine(builder); } return this; } /** * Returns a newly-created {@code ImmutableSet} based on the contents of * the {@code Builder}. */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public ImmutableSet build() { switch (size) { case 0: return of(); case 1: return (ImmutableSet) of(contents[0]); default: ImmutableSet result; if (hashTable != null && size == contents.length) { result = new RegularImmutableSet(contents, hashCode, hashTable, hashTable.length - 1); } else { result = construct(size, contents); // construct has the side effect of deduping contents, so we update size // accordingly. size = result.size(); } forceCopy = true; hashTable = null; return result; } } } }





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