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/**
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package org.jooby;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState;
import static com.typesafe.config.ConfigValueFactory.fromAnyRef;
import static java.util.Objects.requireNonNull;
import static org.jooby.Route.CONNECT;
import static org.jooby.Route.DELETE;
import static org.jooby.Route.GET;
import static org.jooby.Route.HEAD;
import static org.jooby.Route.OPTIONS;
import static org.jooby.Route.PATCH;
import static org.jooby.Route.POST;
import static org.jooby.Route.PUT;
import static org.jooby.Route.TRACE;

import java.io.File;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
import java.time.ZoneId;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TimeZone;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
import java.util.function.BiFunction;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.function.Predicate;
import java.util.function.Supplier;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

import javax.inject.Singleton;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;

import org.jooby.Route.Definition;
import org.jooby.Route.Mapper;
import org.jooby.Session.Store;
import org.jooby.handlers.AssetHandler;
import org.jooby.internal.AppPrinter;
import org.jooby.internal.BuiltinParser;
import org.jooby.internal.BuiltinRenderer;
import org.jooby.internal.CookieSessionManager;
import org.jooby.internal.DefaulErrRenderer;
import org.jooby.internal.HttpHandlerImpl;
import org.jooby.internal.JvmInfo;
import org.jooby.internal.LocaleUtils;
import org.jooby.internal.ParameterNameProvider;
import org.jooby.internal.RequestScope;
import org.jooby.internal.RouteMetadata;
import org.jooby.internal.ServerExecutorProvider;
import org.jooby.internal.ServerLookup;
import org.jooby.internal.ServerSessionManager;
import org.jooby.internal.SessionManager;
import org.jooby.internal.TypeConverters;
import org.jooby.internal.handlers.HeadHandler;
import org.jooby.internal.handlers.OptionsHandler;
import org.jooby.internal.handlers.TraceHandler;
import org.jooby.internal.mvc.MvcRoutes;
import org.jooby.internal.mvc.MvcWebSocket;
import org.jooby.internal.parser.BeanParser;
import org.jooby.internal.parser.DateParser;
import org.jooby.internal.parser.LocalDateParser;
import org.jooby.internal.parser.LocaleParser;
import org.jooby.internal.parser.ParserExecutor;
import org.jooby.internal.parser.StaticMethodParser;
import org.jooby.internal.parser.StringConstructorParser;
import org.jooby.internal.ssl.SslContextProvider;
import org.jooby.mvc.Consumes;
import org.jooby.mvc.Produces;
import org.jooby.scope.Providers;
import org.jooby.scope.RequestScoped;
import org.jooby.spi.HttpHandler;
import org.jooby.spi.Server;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
import com.google.common.base.Throwables;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
import com.google.common.escape.Escaper;
import com.google.common.html.HtmlEscapers;
import com.google.common.net.UrlEscapers;
import com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors;
import com.google.inject.Binder;
import com.google.inject.Guice;
import com.google.inject.Injector;
import com.google.inject.Key;
import com.google.inject.Provider;
import com.google.inject.Stage;
import com.google.inject.TypeLiteral;
import com.google.inject.multibindings.Multibinder;
import com.google.inject.name.Named;
import com.google.inject.name.Names;
import com.google.inject.util.Types;
import com.typesafe.config.Config;
import com.typesafe.config.ConfigFactory;
import com.typesafe.config.ConfigObject;
import com.typesafe.config.ConfigValue;
import com.typesafe.config.ConfigValueFactory;

import javaslang.Predicates;
import javaslang.control.Try;
import javaslang.control.Try.CheckedConsumer;
import javaslang.control.Try.CheckedRunnable;

/**
 * 
jooby
 * 
getting started
 *
 * 
 * public class MyApp extends Jooby {
 *
 *   {
 *      use(new Jackson()); // 1. JSON serializer.
 *
 *      // 2. Define a route
 *      get("/", req {@literal ->} {
 *        Map{@literal <}String, Object{@literal >} model = ...;
 *        return model;
 *      }
 *   }
 *
 *  public static void main(String[] args) {
 *    run(MyApp::new, args); // 3. Done!
 *  }
 * }
 * 
 *
 * 
application.conf
 * 

 * Jooby delegate configuration management to TypeSafe Config.
 * 
 *
 * 

 * By default Jooby looks for an application.conf. If
 * you want to specify a different file or location, you can do it with {@link #conf(String)}.
 * 
 *
 * 

 * TypeSafe Config uses a hierarchical model to
 * define and override properties.
 * 
 * 

 * A {@link Jooby.Module} might provides his own set of properties through the
 * {@link Jooby.Module#config()} method. By default, this method returns an empty config object.
 * 
 * For example:
 *
 * 
 *   use(new M1());
 *   use(new M2());
 *   use(new M3());
 * 
 *
 * Previous example had the following order (first-listed are higher priority):
 * 

 * 
arguments properties
 * 
System properties
 * 
application.conf
 * 
M3 properties
 * 
M2 properties
 * 
M1 properties
 * 
 * 

 * Command line argmuents or system properties takes precedence over any application specific
 * property.
 * 
 *
 * 
env
 * 

 * Jooby defines one mode or environment: dev. In Jooby, dev
 * is special and some modules could apply special settings while running in dev.
 * Any other env is usually considered a prod like env. But that depends on module
 * implementor.
 * 
 * 

 * An environment can be defined in your .conf file using the
 * application.env property. If missing, Jooby set the env for you to
 * dev.
 * 
 * 

 * There is more at {@link Env} please read the {@link Env} javadoc.
 * 
 *
 * 
modules: the jump to full-stack framework
 * 

 * {@link Jooby.Module Modules} are quite similar to a Guice modules except that the configure
 * callback has been complementing with {@link Env} and {@link Config}.
 * 
 *
 * 
 *   public class MyModule implements Jooby.Module {
 *     public void configure(Env env, Config config, Binder binder) {
 *     }
 *   }
 * 
 *
 * From the configure callback you can bind your services as you usually do in a Guice app.
 * 

 * There is more at {@link Jooby.Module} so please read the {@link Jooby.Module} javadoc.
 * 
 *
 * 
path patterns
 * 

 * Jooby supports Ant-style path patterns:
 * 
 * 

 * Some examples:
 * 
 * 

 * 
{@code com/t?st.html} - matches {@code com/test.html} but also {@code com/tast.html} or
 * {@code com/txst.html}
 * 
{@code com/*.html} - matches all {@code .html} files in the {@code com} directory
 * 
com/{@literal **}/test.html - matches all {@code test.html} files underneath the
 * {@code com} path
 * 
{@code **}/{@code *} - matches any path at any level.
 * 
{@code *} - matches any path at any level, shorthand for {@code **}/{@code *}.
 * 
 *
 * 
variables
 * 

 * Jooby supports path parameters too:
 * 
 * 

 * Some examples:
 * 
 * 

 * 
 /user/{id} - /user/* and give you access to the id var.
 * 
 /user/:id - /user/* and give you access to the id var.
 * 
 /user/{id:\\d+} - /user/[digits] and give you access to the numeric
 * id var.
 * 
 *
 * 
routes
 * 

 * Routes perform actions in response to a server HTTP request.
 * 
 * 

 * Routes are executed in the order they are defined, for example:
 * 
 *
 * 
 *   get("/", (req, rsp) {@literal ->} {
 *     log.info("first"); // start here and go to second
 *   });
 *
 *   get("/", (req, rsp) {@literal ->} {
 *     log.info("second"); // execute after first and go to final
 *   });
 *
 *   get("/", (req, rsp) {@literal ->} {
 *     rsp.send("final"); // done!
 *   });
 * 
 *
 * Previous example can be rewritten using {@link Route.Filter}:
 *
 * 
 *   get("/", (req, rsp, chain) {@literal ->} {
 *     log.info("first"); // start here and go to second
 *     chain.next(req, rsp);
 *   });
 *
 *   get("/", (req, rsp, chain) {@literal ->} {
 *     log.info("second"); // execute after first and go to final
 *     chain.next(req, rsp);
 *   });
 *
 *   get("/", (req, rsp) {@literal ->} {
 *     rsp.send("final"); // done!
 *   });
 * 
 *
 * Due to the use of lambdas a route is a singleton and you should NOT use global variables. For
 * example this is a bad practice:
 *
 * 
 *  List{@literal <}String{@literal >} names = new ArrayList{@literal <}{@literal >}(); // names produces side effects
 *  get("/", (req, rsp) {@literal ->} {
 *     names.add(req.param("name").value();
 *     // response will be different between calls.
 *     rsp.send(names);
 *   });
 * 
 *
 * 
mvc routes
 * 

 * A Mvc route use annotations to define routes:
 * 
 *
 * 
 *   use(MyRoute.class);
 *   ...
 *
 *   // MyRoute.java
 *   {@literal @}Path("/")
 *   public class MyRoute {
 *
 *    {@literal @}GET
 *    public String hello() {
 *      return "Hello Jooby";
 *    }
 *   }
 * 
 * 

 * Programming model is quite similar to JAX-RS/Jersey with some minor differences and/or
 * simplifications.
 * 
 *
 * 

 * To learn more about Mvc Routes, please check {@link org.jooby.mvc.Path},
 * {@link org.jooby.mvc.Produces} {@link org.jooby.mvc.Consumes} javadoc.
 * 
 *
 * 
static files
 * 

 * Static files, like: *.js, *.css, ..., etc... can be served with:
 * 
 *
 * 
 *   assets("assets/**");
 * 
 * 

 * Classpath resources under the /assets folder will be accessible from client/browser.
 * 
 *
 * 
lifecyle
 * 

 * We do provide {@link #onStart(CheckedConsumer)} and {@link #onStop(CheckedConsumer)} callbacks.
 * These callbacks are executed are application startup or shutdown time:
 * 
 *
 * 
{@code
 * {
 *   onStart(() -> {
 *     log.info("Welcome!");
 *   });
 *
 *   onStop(() -> {
 *     log.info("Bye!");
 *   });
 * }
 * }
 *
 * 

 * From life cycle callbacks you can access to application services:
 * 
 *
 * 
{@code
 * {
 *   onStart(registry -> {
 *     MyDatabase db = registry.require(MyDatabase.class);
 *     // do something with databse:
 *   });
 * }
 * }
 *
 * @author edgar
 * @see Jooby.Module
 * @since 0.1.0
 */
public class Jooby implements Router, LifeCycle, Registry {

  /**
   * 
{@code
   * {
   *   on("dev", () -> {
   *     // run something on dev
   *   }).orElse(() -> {
   *     // run something on prod
   *   });
   * }
   * }
   */
  public interface EnvPredicate {

    /**
     * 
{@code
     * {
     *   on("dev", () -> {
     *     // run something on dev
     *   }).orElse(() -> {
     *     // run something on prod
     *   });
     * }
     * }
     *
     * @param callback Env callback.
     */
    default void orElse(final Runnable callback) {
      orElse(conf -> callback.run());
    }

    /**
     * 
{@code
     * {
     *   on("dev", () -> {
     *     // run something on dev
     *   }).orElse(conf -> {
     *     // run something on prod
     *   });
     * }
     * }
     *
     * @param callback Env callback.
     */
    void orElse(Consumer callback);

  }

  /**
   * A module can publish or produces: {@link Route.Definition routes}, {@link Parser},
   * {@link Renderer}, and any other application specific service or contract of your choice.
   * 

   * It is similar to {@link com.google.inject.Module} except for the callback method receives a
   * {@link Env}, {@link Config} and {@link Binder}.
   * 
   *
   * 

   * A module can provide his own set of properties through the {@link #config()} method. By
   * default, this method returns an empty config object.
   * 
   * For example:
   *
   * 
   *   use(new M1());
   *   use(new M2());
   *   use(new M3());
   * 
   *
   * Previous example had the following order (first-listed are higher priority):
   * 

   * 
System properties
   * 
application.conf
   * 
M3 properties
   * 
M2 properties
   * 
M1 properties
   * 
   *
   * 

   * A module can provide start/stop methods in order to start or close resources.
   * 
   *
   * @author edgar
   * @see Jooby#use(Jooby.Module)
   * @since 0.1.0
   */
  public interface Module {

    /**
     * @return Produces a module config object (when need it). By default a module doesn't produce
     *         any configuration object.
     */
    default Config config() {
      return ConfigFactory.empty();
    }

    /**
     * Configure and produces bindings for the underlying application. A module can optimize or
     * customize a service by checking current the {@link Env application env} and/or the current
     * application properties available from {@link Config}.
     *
     * @param env The current application's env. Not null.
     * @param conf The current config object. Not null.
     * @param binder A guice binder. Not null.
     */
    void configure(Env env, Config conf, Binder binder) throws Throwable;

  }

  static class MvcClass implements Route.Props {
    Class routeClass;

    String path;

    ImmutableMap.Builder attrs = ImmutableMap.builder();

    private List consumes;

    private String name;

    private List produces;

    private List excludes;

    private Mapper mapper;

    private String prefix;

    private String renderer;

    public MvcClass(final Class routeClass, final String path, final String prefix) {
      this.routeClass = routeClass;
      this.path = path;
      this.prefix = prefix;
    }

    @Override
    public MvcClass attr(final String name, final Object value) {
      attrs.put(name, value);
      return this;
    }

    @Override
    public MvcClass name(final String name) {
      this.name = name;
      return this;
    }

    @Override
    public MvcClass consumes(final List consumes) {
      this.consumes = consumes;
      return this;
    }

    @Override
    public MvcClass produces(final List produces) {
      this.produces = produces;
      return this;
    }

    @Override
    public MvcClass excludes(final List excludes) {
      this.excludes = excludes;
      return this;
    }

    @Override
    public MvcClass map(final Mapper mapper) {
      this.mapper = mapper;
      return this;
    }

    @Override
    public String renderer() {
      return renderer;
    }

    @Override
    public MvcClass renderer(final String name) {
      this.renderer = name;
      return this;
    }

    public Route.Definition apply(final Route.Definition route) {
      attrs.build().forEach(route::attr);
      if (name != null) {
        route.name(name);
      }
      if (prefix != null) {
        route.name(prefix + "/" + route.name());
      }
      if (consumes != null) {
        route.consumes(consumes);
      }
      if (produces != null) {
        route.produces(produces);
      }
      if (excludes != null) {
        route.excludes(excludes);
      }
      if (mapper != null) {
        route.map(mapper);
      }
      if (renderer != null) {
        route.renderer(renderer);
      }
      return route;
    }
  }

  private static class EnvDep {
    Predicate predicate;

    Consumer callback;

    public EnvDep(final Predicate predicate, final Consumer callback) {
      this.predicate = predicate;
      this.callback = callback;
    }
  }

  static {
    // set pid as system property
    String pid = System.getProperty("pid", JvmInfo.pid() + "");
    System.setProperty("pid", pid);
  }

  /**
   * Keep track of routes.
   */
  private transient Set