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Building applications with LLMs through composability in Kotlin
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package com.xebia.functional.xef
import com.xebia.functional.openai.generated.model.FunctionObject
import com.xebia.functional.xef.conversation.Description
import com.xebia.functional.xef.llm.FunctionCall
import com.xebia.functional.xef.llm.StreamedFunction
import com.xebia.functional.xef.llm.chatFunction
import kotlin.jvm.JvmName
import kotlin.reflect.KClass
import kotlin.reflect.KFunction1
import kotlin.reflect.KSuspendFunction1
import kotlin.reflect.KType
import kotlin.reflect.typeOf
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.Flow
import kotlinx.serialization.*
import kotlinx.serialization.builtins.ListSerializer
import kotlinx.serialization.builtins.SetSerializer
import kotlinx.serialization.descriptors.*
import kotlinx.serialization.json.*
sealed class Tool(
open val function: FunctionObject,
open val invoke: suspend (FunctionCall) -> A
) {
data class Enumeration(
override val function: FunctionObject,
override val invoke: suspend (FunctionCall) -> E,
val cases: List>,
val enumSerializer: (String) -> E
) : Tool(function = function, invoke = invoke)
class FlowOfStrings :
Tool(function = FunctionObject("", ""), invoke = { error("Not invoked") })
class FlowOfStreamedFunctions(
override val function: FunctionObject,
override val invoke: suspend (FunctionCall) -> A
) : Tool(function = function, invoke = invoke)
class FlowOfAIEvents(
val serializer: Tool,
override val function: FunctionObject = serializer.function,
override val invoke: suspend (FunctionCall) -> A = { serializer.invoke(it) }
) : Tool(function = function, invoke = invoke)
class FlowOfAIEventsSealed(
val sealedSerializer: Sealed,
override val function: FunctionObject = sealedSerializer.function,
override val invoke: suspend (FunctionCall) -> A = { sealedSerializer.invoke(it) }
) : Tool(function = function, invoke = invoke)
data class Sealed(
override val function: FunctionObject,
override val invoke: suspend (FunctionCall) -> A,
val cases: List,
) : Tool(function = function, invoke = invoke) {
data class Case(val className: String, val tool: Tool<*>)
}
data class Contextual(
override val function: FunctionObject,
override val invoke: suspend (FunctionCall) -> A,
) : Tool(function = function, invoke = invoke)
data class Callable(
override val function: FunctionObject,
override val invoke: suspend (FunctionCall) -> A,
) : Tool(function = function, invoke = invoke)
data class Primitive(
override val function: FunctionObject,
override val invoke: suspend (FunctionCall) -> A
) : Tool(function = function, invoke = invoke)
companion object {
inline fun fromKotlin(): Tool = fromKotlin(typeOf())
@OptIn(InternalSerializationApi::class, ExperimentalSerializationApi::class)
fun fromKotlin(type: KType): Tool {
val targetClass = type.getTargetClass()
val descriptor = targetClass.serializer().descriptor
val kind = descriptor.kind
return when {
kind == PolymorphicKind.SEALED -> sealedTool(targetClass, descriptor)
kind == SerialKind.ENUM -> enumerationTool(targetClass, descriptor)
type == typeOf>() -> flowOfStringsTool()
isFlowOfStreamedFunctions(targetClass, type) -> flowOfStreamedFunctionsTool(type)
isFlowOfAiEventsSealed(targetClass, type) -> flowOfAIEventsSealedTool(type)
isFlowOfAIEvents(targetClass, type) -> flowOfAIEventsTool(type)
requiresWrapping(type) -> wrappedValueTool(type, targetClass)
else -> defaultClassTool(targetClass)
}
}
@OptIn(ExperimentalSerializationApi::class, InternalSerializationApi::class)
private fun isFlowOfAiEventsSealed(
targetClass: KClass,
type: KType,
): Boolean {
val innerTargetClass =
type.arguments.firstOrNull()?.type?.arguments?.firstOrNull()?.type?.classifier as? KClass<*>
val kind = innerTargetClass?.serializer()?.descriptor?.kind
return isFlowOfAIEvents(targetClass, type) && kind == PolymorphicKind.SEALED
}
private fun isFlowOfAIEvents(targetClass: KClass<*>, type: KType): Boolean =
targetClass == Flow::class && type.arguments[0].type?.classifier == AIEvent::class
private fun isFlowOfStreamedFunctions(targetClass: KClass<*>, type: KType): Boolean =
targetClass == Flow::class && type.arguments[0].type?.classifier == StreamedFunction::class
private fun wrappedValueTool(type: KType, targetClass: KClass): Tool {
val collectionTypeArg = type.arguments.firstOrNull()?.type?.classifier as? KClass<*>
return if (collectionTypeArg != null) {
collectionTool(collectionTypeArg, targetClass)
} else {
primitiveTool(targetClass)
}
}
private fun KType.getTargetClass(): KClass =
(classifier as? KClass<*> ?: error("Expected KClass got $classifier")) as KClass
@OptIn(InternalSerializationApi::class)
private fun defaultClassTool(targetClass: KClass): Tool {
val typeSerializer = targetClass.serializer()
val functionObject = chatFunction(typeSerializer.descriptor)
return Callable(functionObject) {
Config.DEFAULT.json.decodeFromString(typeSerializer, it.arguments)
}
}
@OptIn(InternalSerializationApi::class)
private fun primitiveTool(targetClass: KClass): Tool {
val functionSerializer = Value.serializer(targetClass.serializer())
val functionObject = chatFunction(functionSerializer.descriptor)
return Primitive(functionObject) {
Config.DEFAULT.json.decodeFromString(functionSerializer, it.arguments).value
}
}
@OptIn(InternalSerializationApi::class)
private fun collectionTool(
collectionTypeArg: KClass<*>,
targetClass: KClass<*>
): Callable {
val innerSerializer = collectionTypeArg.serializer()
val functionSerializer =
when (targetClass) {
List::class -> {
Value.serializer(ListSerializer(innerSerializer))
}
Set::class -> {
Value.serializer(SetSerializer(innerSerializer))
}
else -> {
error("Unsupported collection type: $targetClass, expected List or Set")
}
}
val functionObject = chatFunction(functionSerializer.descriptor)
return Callable(functionObject) {
Config.DEFAULT.json.decodeFromString(functionSerializer, it.arguments).value as A
}
}
@OptIn(InternalSerializationApi::class)
private fun flowOfAIEventsSealedTool(type: KType): FlowOfAIEventsSealed {
val targetType = flowInnerContainerTypeArg(type)
val targetClass = (targetType?.classifier as? KClass<*>)
val typeSerializer = targetClass?.serializer() ?: error("No serializer found for $targetType")
val tool = sealedTool(targetClass, typeSerializer.descriptor)
return FlowOfAIEventsSealed(tool)
}
private fun flowOfAIEventsTool(type: KType): FlowOfAIEvents {
val targetType = flowInnerContainerTypeArg(type)
val functionSerializer =
targetType?.let { fromKotlin(it) } ?: error("No serializer found for $type")
return FlowOfAIEvents(functionSerializer)
}
@OptIn(InternalSerializationApi::class)
private fun flowOfStreamedFunctionsTool(
type: KType,
): FlowOfStreamedFunctions {
val targetType = flowInnerContainerTypeArg(type)
val typeSerializer =
(targetType?.classifier as? KClass<*>)?.serializer()
?: error("No serializer found for $targetType")
val functionSerializer = fromKotlin(targetType)
val functionObject = chatFunction(typeSerializer.descriptor)
return FlowOfStreamedFunctions(functionObject) { functionSerializer.invoke(it) }
}
private fun flowInnerContainerTypeArg(type: KType): KType? =
type.arguments[0].type?.arguments?.get(0)?.type
private fun flowOfStringsTool(): FlowOfStrings = FlowOfStrings()
@OptIn(InternalSerializationApi::class, ExperimentalSerializationApi::class)
private fun enumerationTool(
targetClass: KClass<*>,
descriptor: SerialDescriptor
): Enumeration {
val enumSerializer = { value: String ->
Config.DEFAULT.json.decodeFromString(targetClass.serializer(), value) as A
}
val functionObject = chatFunction(descriptor)
val cases =
descriptor.elementDescriptors.map {
val enumValue = it.serialName
val enumFunction = chatFunction(it)
Primitive(enumFunction) { enumSerializer(enumValue) }
}
return Enumeration(functionObject, { error("should not get called") }, cases, enumSerializer)
}
@OptIn(InternalSerializationApi::class, ExperimentalSerializationApi::class)
private fun sealedTool(targetClass: KClass<*>, descriptor: SerialDescriptor): Sealed {
val sealedClassSerializer =
targetClass.serializer() as? SealedClassSerializer
?: error("expected SealedClassSerializer got ${targetClass.serializer()}")
val casesDescriptors =
sealedClassSerializer.descriptor.elementDescriptors.toList()[1].elementDescriptors.toList()
val functionObjectMap = casesDescriptors.associateWith { chatFunction(it) }
val cases =
casesDescriptors.map {
val caseFunction =
functionObjectMap[it] ?: error("No function found for ${it.serialName}")
Sealed.Case(
tool =
Callable(caseFunction) {
callSealedCase(it, functionObjectMap, sealedClassSerializer)
},
className = it.serialName
)
}
return Sealed(
chatFunction(descriptor),
{ callSealedCase(it, functionObjectMap, sealedClassSerializer) },
cases
)
}
@OptIn(InternalSerializationApi::class)
private fun callSealedCase(
it: FunctionCall,
functionObjectMap: Map,
sealedClassSerializer: SealedClassSerializer
): A {
val newJson = descriptorChoice(it, functionObjectMap)
return Config.DEFAULT.json.decodeFromString(
sealedClassSerializer,
Json.encodeToString(newJson)
) as A
}
private fun descriptorChoice(
call: FunctionCall,
descriptors: Map
): JsonObject {
// adds a `type` field with the call.functionName serial name equivalent to the call arguments
val jsonWithDiscriminator =
Config.DEFAULT.json.decodeFromString(JsonElement.serializer(), call.arguments)
val descriptor =
descriptors.values.firstOrNull { it.name.endsWith(call.functionName) }
?: error("No descriptor found for ${call.functionName}")
val targetDescriptor =
descriptors.keys.firstOrNull { it.serialName.endsWith(call.functionName) }
?: error("No descriptor found for ${call.functionName}")
val newJson =
JsonObject(
jsonWithDiscriminator.jsonObject +
(Config.TYPE_DISCRIMINATOR to JsonPrimitive(targetDescriptor.serialName))
)
return newJson
}
private fun requiresWrapping(type: KType): Boolean {
val targetClass =
type.classifier as? KClass<*> ?: error("expected KClass got ${type.classifier}")
return when (targetClass) {
List::class,
Int::class,
String::class,
Boolean::class,
Double::class,
Float::class,
Char::class,
Byte::class -> true
else -> false
}
}
@JvmName("fromKotlinFunction1")
inline operator fun B> invoke(
name: String,
description: Description,
fn: F,
): Tool {
val tool = fromKotlin()
return Callable(
function = tool.function.copy(name = name, description = description.value),
invoke = {
val input = tool.invoke(it)
fn(input)
}
)
}
@JvmName("fromKotlinSuspendFunction1")
inline fun suspend(
name: String,
description: Description,
noinline fn: suspend (A) -> B,
): Tool {
val tool = fromKotlin()
return Callable(
function = tool.function.copy(name = name, description = description.value),
invoke = {
val input = tool.invoke(it)
fn(input)
}
)
}
@JvmName("fromKotlinKFunction1")
inline operator fun > invoke(
fn: F,
description: Description = Description(fn.name)
): Tool {
val tool = fromKotlin()
return Callable(
function = tool.function.copy(name = fn.name, description = description.value),
invoke = {
val input = tool.invoke(it)
fn(input)
}
)
}
@JvmName("fromKotlinKSuspendFunction1")
inline operator fun invoke(
fn: KSuspendFunction1,
description: Description = Description(fn.name)
): Tool {
val tool = fromKotlin()
return Callable(
function = tool.function.copy(name = fn.name, description = description.value),
invoke = {
val input = tool.invoke(it)
fn(input)
}
)
}
}
}