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/*
 * Copyright 2016 The gRPC Authors
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package io.grpc.internal;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;

import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import io.grpc.CallOptions;
import io.grpc.Channel;
import io.grpc.ClientCall;
import io.grpc.ClientInterceptor;
import io.grpc.ClientStreamTracer;
import io.grpc.Context;
import io.grpc.ForwardingClientCall.SimpleForwardingClientCall;
import io.grpc.ForwardingClientCallListener.SimpleForwardingClientCallListener;
import io.grpc.Metadata;
import io.grpc.MethodDescriptor;
import io.grpc.ServerStreamTracer;
import io.grpc.StreamTracer;
import io.opencensus.trace.BlankSpan;
import io.opencensus.trace.EndSpanOptions;
import io.opencensus.trace.MessageEvent;
import io.opencensus.trace.MessageEvent.Type;
import io.opencensus.trace.Span;
import io.opencensus.trace.SpanContext;
import io.opencensus.trace.Status;
import io.opencensus.trace.Tracer;
import io.opencensus.trace.propagation.BinaryFormat;
import io.opencensus.trace.unsafe.ContextUtils;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;

/**
 * Provides factories for {@link StreamTracer} that records traces to Census.
 *
 * 

On the client-side, a factory is created for each call, because ClientCall starts earlier than * the ClientStream, and in some cases may even not create a ClientStream at all. Therefore, it's * the factory that reports the summary to Census. * *

On the server-side, there is only one ServerStream per each ServerCall, and ServerStream * starts earlier than the ServerCall. Therefore, only one tracer is created per stream/call and * it's the tracer that reports the summary to Census. */ final class CensusTracingModule { private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(CensusTracingModule.class.getName()); @Nullable private static final AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater callEndedUpdater; @Nullable private static final AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater streamClosedUpdater; /** * When using Atomic*FieldUpdater, some Samsung Android 5.0.x devices encounter a bug in their JDK * reflection API that triggers a NoSuchFieldException. When this occurs, we fallback to * (potentially racy) direct updates of the volatile variables. */ static { AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater tmpCallEndedUpdater; AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater tmpStreamClosedUpdater; try { tmpCallEndedUpdater = AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater.newUpdater(ClientCallTracer.class, "callEnded"); tmpStreamClosedUpdater = AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater.newUpdater(ServerTracer.class, "streamClosed"); } catch (Throwable t) { logger.log(Level.SEVERE, "Creating atomic field updaters failed", t); tmpCallEndedUpdater = null; tmpStreamClosedUpdater = null; } callEndedUpdater = tmpCallEndedUpdater; streamClosedUpdater = tmpStreamClosedUpdater; } private final Tracer censusTracer; @VisibleForTesting final Metadata.Key tracingHeader; private final TracingClientInterceptor clientInterceptor = new TracingClientInterceptor(); private final ServerTracerFactory serverTracerFactory = new ServerTracerFactory(); CensusTracingModule( Tracer censusTracer, final BinaryFormat censusPropagationBinaryFormat) { this.censusTracer = checkNotNull(censusTracer, "censusTracer"); checkNotNull(censusPropagationBinaryFormat, "censusPropagationBinaryFormat"); this.tracingHeader = Metadata.Key.of("grpc-trace-bin", new Metadata.BinaryMarshaller() { @Override public byte[] toBytes(SpanContext context) { return censusPropagationBinaryFormat.toByteArray(context); } @Override public SpanContext parseBytes(byte[] serialized) { try { return censusPropagationBinaryFormat.fromByteArray(serialized); } catch (Exception e) { logger.log(Level.FINE, "Failed to parse tracing header", e); return SpanContext.INVALID; } } }); } /** * Creates a {@link ClientCallTracer} for a new call. */ @VisibleForTesting ClientCallTracer newClientCallTracer(@Nullable Span parentSpan, MethodDescriptor method) { return new ClientCallTracer(parentSpan, method); } /** * Returns the server tracer factory. */ ServerStreamTracer.Factory getServerTracerFactory() { return serverTracerFactory; } /** * Returns the client interceptor that facilitates Census-based stats reporting. */ ClientInterceptor getClientInterceptor() { return clientInterceptor; } @VisibleForTesting static Status convertStatus(io.grpc.Status grpcStatus) { Status status; switch (grpcStatus.getCode()) { case OK: status = Status.OK; break; case CANCELLED: status = Status.CANCELLED; break; case UNKNOWN: status = Status.UNKNOWN; break; case INVALID_ARGUMENT: status = Status.INVALID_ARGUMENT; break; case DEADLINE_EXCEEDED: status = Status.DEADLINE_EXCEEDED; break; case NOT_FOUND: status = Status.NOT_FOUND; break; case ALREADY_EXISTS: status = Status.ALREADY_EXISTS; break; case PERMISSION_DENIED: status = Status.PERMISSION_DENIED; break; case RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED: status = Status.RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED; break; case FAILED_PRECONDITION: status = Status.FAILED_PRECONDITION; break; case ABORTED: status = Status.ABORTED; break; case OUT_OF_RANGE: status = Status.OUT_OF_RANGE; break; case UNIMPLEMENTED: status = Status.UNIMPLEMENTED; break; case INTERNAL: status = Status.INTERNAL; break; case UNAVAILABLE: status = Status.UNAVAILABLE; break; case DATA_LOSS: status = Status.DATA_LOSS; break; case UNAUTHENTICATED: status = Status.UNAUTHENTICATED; break; default: throw new AssertionError("Unhandled status code " + grpcStatus.getCode()); } if (grpcStatus.getDescription() != null) { status = status.withDescription(grpcStatus.getDescription()); } return status; } private static EndSpanOptions createEndSpanOptions( io.grpc.Status status, boolean sampledToLocalTracing) { return EndSpanOptions.builder() .setStatus(convertStatus(status)) .setSampleToLocalSpanStore(sampledToLocalTracing) .build(); } private static void recordMessageEvent( Span span, MessageEvent.Type type, int seqNo, long optionalWireSize, long optionalUncompressedSize) { MessageEvent.Builder eventBuilder = MessageEvent.builder(type, seqNo); if (optionalUncompressedSize != -1) { eventBuilder.setUncompressedMessageSize(optionalUncompressedSize); } if (optionalWireSize != -1) { eventBuilder.setCompressedMessageSize(optionalWireSize); } span.addMessageEvent(eventBuilder.build()); } @VisibleForTesting final class ClientCallTracer extends ClientStreamTracer.Factory { volatile int callEnded; private final boolean isSampledToLocalTracing; private final Span span; ClientCallTracer(@Nullable Span parentSpan, MethodDescriptor method) { checkNotNull(method, "method"); this.isSampledToLocalTracing = method.isSampledToLocalTracing(); this.span = censusTracer .spanBuilderWithExplicitParent( generateTraceSpanName(false, method.getFullMethodName()), parentSpan) .setRecordEvents(true) .startSpan(); } @Override public ClientStreamTracer newClientStreamTracer( ClientStreamTracer.StreamInfo info, Metadata headers) { if (span != BlankSpan.INSTANCE) { headers.discardAll(tracingHeader); headers.put(tracingHeader, span.getContext()); } return new ClientTracer(span); } /** * Record a finished call and mark the current time as the end time. * *

Can be called from any thread without synchronization. Calling it the second time or more * is a no-op. */ void callEnded(io.grpc.Status status) { if (callEndedUpdater != null) { if (callEndedUpdater.getAndSet(this, 1) != 0) { return; } } else { if (callEnded != 0) { return; } callEnded = 1; } span.end(createEndSpanOptions(status, isSampledToLocalTracing)); } } private static final class ClientTracer extends ClientStreamTracer { private final Span span; ClientTracer(Span span) { this.span = checkNotNull(span, "span"); } @Override public void outboundMessageSent( int seqNo, long optionalWireSize, long optionalUncompressedSize) { recordMessageEvent( span, Type.SENT, seqNo, optionalWireSize, optionalUncompressedSize); } @Override public void inboundMessageRead( int seqNo, long optionalWireSize, long optionalUncompressedSize) { recordMessageEvent( span, Type.RECEIVED, seqNo, optionalWireSize, optionalUncompressedSize); } } private final class ServerTracer extends ServerStreamTracer { private final Span span; volatile boolean isSampledToLocalTracing; volatile int streamClosed; ServerTracer(String fullMethodName, @Nullable SpanContext remoteSpan) { checkNotNull(fullMethodName, "fullMethodName"); this.span = censusTracer .spanBuilderWithRemoteParent( generateTraceSpanName(true, fullMethodName), remoteSpan) .setRecordEvents(true) .startSpan(); } @Override public void serverCallStarted(ServerCallInfo callInfo) { isSampledToLocalTracing = callInfo.getMethodDescriptor().isSampledToLocalTracing(); } /** * Record a finished stream and mark the current time as the end time. * *

Can be called from any thread without synchronization. Calling it the second time or more * is a no-op. */ @Override public void streamClosed(io.grpc.Status status) { if (streamClosedUpdater != null) { if (streamClosedUpdater.getAndSet(this, 1) != 0) { return; } } else { if (streamClosed != 0) { return; } streamClosed = 1; } span.end(createEndSpanOptions(status, isSampledToLocalTracing)); } @Override public Context filterContext(Context context) { // Access directly the unsafe trace API to create the new Context. This is a safe usage // because gRPC always creates a new Context for each of the server calls and does not // inherit from the parent Context. return ContextUtils.withValue(context, span); } @Override public void outboundMessageSent( int seqNo, long optionalWireSize, long optionalUncompressedSize) { recordMessageEvent( span, Type.SENT, seqNo, optionalWireSize, optionalUncompressedSize); } @Override public void inboundMessageRead( int seqNo, long optionalWireSize, long optionalUncompressedSize) { recordMessageEvent( span, Type.RECEIVED, seqNo, optionalWireSize, optionalUncompressedSize); } } @VisibleForTesting final class ServerTracerFactory extends ServerStreamTracer.Factory { @SuppressWarnings("ReferenceEquality") @Override public ServerStreamTracer newServerStreamTracer(String fullMethodName, Metadata headers) { SpanContext remoteSpan = headers.get(tracingHeader); if (remoteSpan == SpanContext.INVALID) { remoteSpan = null; } return new ServerTracer(fullMethodName, remoteSpan); } } @VisibleForTesting final class TracingClientInterceptor implements ClientInterceptor { @Override public ClientCall interceptCall( MethodDescriptor method, CallOptions callOptions, Channel next) { // New RPCs on client-side inherit the tracing context from the current Context. // Safe usage of the unsafe trace API because CONTEXT_SPAN_KEY.get() returns the same value // as Tracer.getCurrentSpan() except when no value available when the return value is null // for the direct access and BlankSpan when Tracer API is used. final ClientCallTracer tracerFactory = newClientCallTracer(ContextUtils.getValue(Context.current()), method); ClientCall call = next.newCall( method, callOptions.withStreamTracerFactory(tracerFactory)); return new SimpleForwardingClientCall(call) { @Override public void start(Listener responseListener, Metadata headers) { delegate().start( new SimpleForwardingClientCallListener(responseListener) { @Override public void onClose(io.grpc.Status status, Metadata trailers) { tracerFactory.callEnded(status); super.onClose(status, trailers); } }, headers); } }; } } /** * Convert a full method name to a tracing span name. * * @param isServer {@code false} if the span is on the client-side, {@code true} if on the * server-side * @param fullMethodName the method name as returned by * {@link MethodDescriptor#getFullMethodName}. */ @VisibleForTesting static String generateTraceSpanName(boolean isServer, String fullMethodName) { String prefix = isServer ? "Recv" : "Sent"; return prefix + "." + fullMethodName.replace('/', '.'); } }





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