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Subject: HICN611 Medical News Part 3/4
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ONCE A YEAR...FOR A LIFETIME VIDEO KIT. This kit
includes a 25-minute VHS videotape that presents common
misconceptions about mammography. It tells of the
benefits gains by the early detection of breast cancer.
Jane Pauley and Phylicia Rashad are the narrators. Kit
includes a guide, poster, flyer, and pamphlets on
mammography. This kit is available directly by writing
to: Modern, 5000 Park Street North, St. Petersburg, FL
33709-9989.
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
COMBINED HEALTH INFORMATION DATABASE (CHID). A computerized
bibliographic database developed and managed by agencies of
the U.S. Public Health Service. It contains references to
health information and health education resources. The
database provides bibliographic citations and abstracts for
journal articles, books, reports, pamphlets, audiovisuals,
product descriptions, hard-to-find information sources, and
health promotion and education programs under way in state
and local health departments and other locations. In
addition, CHID provides source and availability information
for these materials, so that users may obtain them directly.
At present, there are twenty-one subfiles on CHID. The
National Cancer Institute created the Cancer Patient
Education subfile in 1990. It serves as a resource for the
CHID user who is interested in identifying patient education
programs for specific cancer patient populations, as well as
for the user who is trying to locate educational resources
available for patient or family cancer education. Citations
include the contact person at cancer centers, so the user
can follow up directly with the appropriate person.
To access CHID, check with your local library. Most medical
school, university, hospital, and public libraries subscribe
to commercial database vendors.
HICNet Medical Newsletter Page 28
Volume 6, Number 11 April 25, 1993
FINAL REPORT: AN INTEGRATED ONCOLOGY WORKSTATION (revised
5/92). This book provides a conceptual overview of what a
clinical information system for practicing oncologists might
include: a database of electronic patient chart records
combined with access to a knowledge base of information
resources such as PDQ, CANCERLIT, and MEDLINE--an
integration of data and knowledge combined to create a
clinical "oncology workstation." The concept was developed
as a means to assist the oncologist and his or her office
staff in the daily management of patient care and clinical
trials. This book can be obtained by contacting: Dr.
Robert Esterhay, Project Officer, Computer Communications
Branch, Building 82, Room 201, Bethesda, MD 20892.
SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION SERVICES OF THE NATIONAL CANCER
INSTITUTE. (91-2683). This booklet from the International
Cancer Information Center (ICIC) describes each ICIC product
or service, including scientific journals (Journal of the
National Cancer Institute and NCI Monographs), specialized
current awareness publications (CANCERGRAMS, and ONCOLOGY
OVERVIEWS), and online databases (PDQ and CANCERLIT). To
obtain copies of the booklet, write to: International Cancer
Information Center, Dept. JJJ, National Cancer Institute,
Bldg. 82, Rm. 123, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 or fax your
request to 301-480-8105.
HICNet Medical Newsletter Page 29
Volume 6, Number 11 April 25, 1993
Publications for Patients Available from the NCI (1/93)
Free copies of the following patient education materials are available (in
single copy or bulk) by calling the NCI's Publication Ordering Service, 1-800-
4-CANCER.
CANCER PREVENTION
CHEW OR SNUFF IS REAL BAD STUFF. This brochure, designed
for seventh and eighth graders, describes the health and social
effects of using smokeless tobacco products. When fully opened,
the brochure can be used as a poster.
CLEARING THE AIR: A GUIDE TO QUITTING SMOKING. This
pamphlet, designed to help the smoker who wants to quit, offers a
variety of approaches to cessation. [24 pages]
DIET, NUTRITION & CANCER PREVENTION: THE GOOD NEWS. This
booklet provides an overview of dietary guidelines that may
assist individuals in reducing their risks for some cancers. It
identifies certain foods to choose more often and others to
choose less often in the context of a total health-promoting
diet. [16 pages]
WHY DO YOU SMOKE? This pamphlet contains a self-test to
determine why people smoke and suggests alternatives and
substitutes that can help them stop.
EARLY DETECTION
BREAST EXAMS: WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW. This pamphlet provides
answers to questions about breast cancer screening methods,
including mammography, the medical checkup, breast self-
examination, and future technologies. Includes instructions for
breast self-examination. [10 pages]
CANCER TESTS YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT: A GUIDE FOR PEOPLE 65
AND OVER. This pamphlet describes the cancer tests important for
people age 65 and older. It informs men and women of the exams
they should be requesting when they schedule checkups with their
doctors. It provides a checklist for men and women to record
when the cancer tests occur, and it describes the steps to follow
HICNet Medical Newsletter Page 30
Volume 6, Number 11 April 25, 1993
should cancer be found. [14 pages]
DO THE RIGHT THING: GET A MAMMOGRAM. This brochure targets
black women age 40 or older. It describes the importance of
regular mammograms in the early detection of breast cancer. It
states the NCI guidelines for mammography.
ONCE A YEAR FOR A LIFETIME. This brochure targets all women
age 40 or older. It describes the importance of regular
mammograms in the early detection of breast cancer. It states
the NCI guidelines for mammography.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT BREAST LUMPS. This pamphlet
describes some of the most common noncancerous breast lumps and
what can be done about them. Includes instructions for breast
self-examination. [22 pages]
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT CHOOSING A MAMMOGRAPHY FACILITY.
This brochure lists questions to ask in selecting a quality
mammography facility. Also discusses typical costs and coverage.
TESTICULAR SELF-EXAMINATION. This pamphlet contains
information about risks and symptoms of testicular cancer and
provides instructions on how to perform testicular self-
examination.
THE PAP TEST: IT CAN SAVE YOUR LIFE! This easy-to-read
pamphlet tells women the importance of getting a Pap test. It
explains who should request one, how often it should be done, and
where to go to get a Pap test.
GENERAL
RESEARCH REPORTS. In-depth reports covering current
knowledge of the causes and prevention, symptoms, detection and
diagnosis, and treatment of various types of cancer. Individual
reports are available on the following topics:
Bone Marrow Transplantation
Cancer of the Colon and Rectum
Cancer of the Lung
Cancer of the Pancreas
Melanoma
HICNet Medical Newsletter Page 31
Volume 6, Number 11 April 25, 1993
Oral Cancers
THE IMMUNE SYSTEM - HOW IT WORKS. This booklet, written at
a high school level, explains the human immune system for the
general public. It describes the sophistication of the body's
immune responses, the impact of immune disorders, and the
relation of the immune system to cancer therapies present and
future. [28 pages]
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT CANCER. This series of
pamphlets discusses symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, emotional
issues, and questions to ask the doctor. Includes glossary of
terms and other resources. Individual pamphlets are available on
the following topics:
Bladder
Bone
Brain
Breast
Cervix
Colon and Rectum
Dysplastic Nevi
Esophagus
Hodgkin's Disease
Kidney
Larynx
Lung
Melanoma
Multiple Myeloma
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Oral Cancers
Ovary
Pancreas
Prostate
Skin
Testis
Uterus
PATIENT EDUCATION
ANTICANCER DRUG INFORMATION SHEETS IN SPANISH/ENGLISH. Two-
sided fact sheets (in English and Spanish) provide information
about side effects of common drugs used to treat cancer, their
HICNet Medical Newsletter Page 32
Volume 6, Number 11 April 25, 1993
proper usage, and precautions for patients. The fact sheets were
prepared by the United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., for
distribution by the National Cancer Institute. Single sets only
may be ordered.
ADVANCED CANCER: LIVING EACH DAY. This booklet addresses
coping with a terminal illness by discussing practical
considerations for the patient, the family, and friends. [30
pages]
CHEMOTHERAPY AND YOU: A GUIDE TO SELF-HELP DURING
TREATMENT. This booklet, in question-and-answer format, addresses
problems and concerns of patients receiving chemotherapy.
Emphasis is on explanation and self-help. [64 pages]
EATING HINTS: RECIPES AND TIPS FOR BETTER NUTRITION DURING
CANCER TREATMENT. This cookbook-style booklet includes recipes
and suggestions for maintaining optimum nutrition during
treatment. All recipes have been tested. [92 pages]
FACING FORWARD: A GUIDE FOR CANCER SURVIVORS. This booklet
presents a concise overview of important survivor issues,
including ongoing health needs, psychosocial concerns, insurance,
and employment. Easy-to-use format includes cancer survivors'
experiences, practical tips, recordkeeping forms, and resources.
It is recommended for cancer survivors, their family, and
friends. [43 pages]
PATIENT TO PATIENT: CANCER CLINICAL TRIALS AND YOU. This
15-minute videocassette provides simple information for patients
and families about the clinical trials process (produced in
collaboration with the American College of Surgeons Commission on
Cancer).
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT PAIN CONTROL: A GUIDE FOR
PEOPLE WITH CANCER AND THEIR FAMILIES. This booklet discusses
pain control using both medical and nonmedical methods. The
emphasis is on explanation, self-help, and patient participation.
This booklet is also available from the American Cancer Society.
[44 pages]
RADIATION THERAPY AND YOU: A GUIDE TO SELF-HELP DURING
TREATMENT. This booklet addresses concerns of patients receiving
forms of radiation therapy. Emphasis is on explanation and
self-help. [52 pages]
HICNet Medical Newsletter Page 33
Volume 6, Number 11 April 25, 1993
TAKING TIME: SUPPORT FOR PEOPLE WITH CANCER AND THE PEOPLE
WHO CARE ABOUT THEM. This sensitively written booklet for
persons with cancer and their families addresses the feelings and
concerns of others in similar situations and how they have coped.
[68 pages]
WHAT ARE CLINICAL TRIALS ALL ABOUT? This booklet is
designed for patients who are considering taking part in research
for new cancer treatments. It explains clinical trials to
patients in easy-to-understand terms and gives them information
that will help them decide about participating. [24 pages]
WHEN CANCER RECURS: MEETING THE CHALLENGE AGAIN. This
booklet details the different types of recurrence, types of
treatment, and coping with cancer's return. [28 pages]
BREAST CANCER EDUCATION SERIES
BREAST BIOPSY: WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW. This booklet
discusses biopsy procedures. It describes what to expect in
the hospital and while awaiting a diagnosis. [16 pages]
BREAST CANCER: UNDERSTANDING TREATMENT OPTIONS. This
booklet summarizes the biopsy procedure and examines the
pros and cons of various types of breast surgery. It
discusses lumpectomy and radiation therapy as primary
treatment, adjuvant therapy, and the process of making
treatment decisions. [19 pages]
MASTECTOMY: A TREATMENT FOR BREAST CANCER. This booklet
presents information about the different types of breast
surgery. It explains what to expect in the hospital and
during the recovery period following breast cancer surgery.
Breast self-examination for mastectomy patients is also
described. [25 pages]
AFTER BREAST CANCER: A GUIDE TO FOLLOWUP CARE. This
booklet is for the woman who has completed treatment. It
explains the importance of checking for possible signs of
recurring cancer by receiving regular mammograms, getting
breast exams from a doctor, and continuing monthly breast
self-exams. It offers advice for managing the physical and
emotional side effects that may accompany surviving breast
HICNet Medical Newsletter Page 34
Volume 6, Number 11 April 25, 1993
cancer. [15 pages]
PEDIATRIC CANCER EDUCATION SERIES
HELP YOURSELF: TIPS FOR TEENAGERS WITH CANCER. This
magazine-style booklet is designed to provide information
and support to adolescents with cancer. Issues addressed
include reactions to diagnosis, relationships with family
and friends, school attendance, and body image. [37 pages]
HOSPITAL DAYS, TREATMENT WAYS. This hematology-oncology
coloring book helps orient the child with cancer to hospital
and treatment procedures. [26 pages]
MANAGING YOUR CHILD'S EATING PROBLEMS DURING CANCER
TREATMENT. This booklet contains information about the
importance of nutrition, the side effects of cancer and its
treatment, ways to encourage a child to eat, and special
diets. [32 pages]
TALKING WITH YOUR CHILD ABOUT CANCER. This booklet is
designed for the parent whose child has been diagnosed with
cancer. It addresses the health-related concerns of young
people of different ages; it suggests ways to discuss
disease-related issues with the child. [16 pages]
WHEN SOMEONE IN YOUR FAMILY HAS CANCER. This booklet is
written for young people whose parent or sibling has cancer.
It includes sections on the disease, its treatment, and
emotional concerns. [28 pages]
YOUNG PEOPLE WITH CANCER: A HANDBOOK FOR PARENTS.
This booklet discusses the most common types of childhood
cancer, treatments and side effects, and issues that may
arise when a child is diagnosed with cancer. Offers medical
information and practical tips gathered from the experience
of others. [86 pages]
SPANISH LANGUAGE PUBLICATIONS
Si desea hablar con un especialista en informacion sobre el
cancer, por favor llame al 1-800-422-6237 (1-800-4-CANCER).
CANCER PREVENTION
HICNet Medical Newsletter Page 35
Volume 6, Number 11 April 25, 1993
A TIME OF CHANGE/DE NINA A MUJER. This bilingual fotonovela
was developed specifically for young women. It discusses
various health promotion issues such as nutrition, no
smoking, exercise, and pelvic, Pap, and breast examinations.
[34 pages]
DATOS SOBRE EL HABITO DE FUMAR Y RECOMENDACIONES PARA DEJAR
DE FUMAR. This bilingual pamphlet describes the health
risks of smoking and tips on how to quit and how to stay
quit. [8 pages]
GUIA PARA DEJAR DE FUMAR. This booklet is a full-color,
self-help smoking cessation booklet prepared specifically
for Spanish-speaking Americans. It was developed by the
University of California, San Francisco, under an NCI
research grant. [36 pages]
EARLY DETECTION
HAGASE LA PRUEBA PAP: HAGALO HOY...POR SU SALUD Y SU
FAMILIA. This bilingual brochure tells women why it is
important to get a Pap test. It gives brief, clear
information about who needs a Pap test, where to go to get
one, and how often the Pap test should be done.
HAGASE UN MAMOGRAMA: UNA VEZ AL ANO...PARA TODA UNA VIDA.
This bilingual brochure describes the importance of
mammograms in the early detection of breast cancer. It
gives brief information about who is at risk for breast
cancer, how a mammogram is done, and how to get one.
LA PRUEBA PAP: UN METODO PARA DIAGNOSTICAR CANCER DEL CUELLO
DEL UTERO. This booklet in Spanish answers questions about
the Pap test, including how often it should be done,
significance of results, and other diagnostic tests and
treatments. [16 pages]
LO QUE USTED DEBE SABER SOBRE LOS EXAMENES DE LOS SENOS.
This booklet in Spanish explains the importance of the three
actions recommended by the NCI to detect breast cancer as
early as possible: requesting regular mammography, getting
an annual breast exam from the doctor, and performing a
monthly breast self-exam. [6 pages]
HICNet Medical Newsletter Page 36
Volume 6, Number 11 April 25, 1993
PREGUNTAS Y RESPUESTAS SOBRE LA SELECCION DE UN CENTRO DE
MAMOGRAFIA. This brochure lists questions and answers to
ask in selecting a quality mammography facility.
PATIENT EDUCATION
ANTICANCER DRUG INFORMATION SHEETS IN SPANISH/ENGLISH. Two-
sided fact sheets (in English and Spanish) provide
information about side effects of common drugs used to treat
cancer, their proper usage, and precautions for patients.
The fact sheets were prepared by the United States
Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., for distribution by the
National Cancer Institute. Single sets only may be ordered.
DATOS SOBRE EL TRATAMIENTO DE QUIMIOTERAPIA CONTRA EL
CANCER. This flyer in Spanish provides a brief introduction
to cancer chemotherapy. [12 pages]
EL TRATAMIENTO DE RADIOTERAPIA: GUIA PARA EL PACIENTE
DURANTE EL TRATAMIENTO. This booklet in Spanish addresses
the concerns of patients receiving radiation therapy for
cancer. Emphasis is on explanation and self-help. [48
pages]
HICNet Medical Newsletter Page 37
Volume 6, Number 11 April 25, 1993
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
AIDS News Summaries
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
AIDS Daily Summary for April 19 to April 23, 1993
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National AIDS
Clearinghouse makes available the following information as a public service
only. Providing this information does not constitute endorsement by the CDC,
the CDC Clearinghouse, or any other organization. Reproduction of this text
is encouraged; however, copies may not be sold. Copyright 1993, Information,
Inc., Bethesda, MD
=================================================================
April 19, 1993
=================================================================
"Absence of HIV Transmission From an Infected Orthopedic Surgeon" Journal of
the American Medical Association (04/14/93) Vol. 269, No. 14, P. 1807 (von
Reyn, C. Fordham)
The risk of HIV transmission from an HIV-positive surgeon to patient is
extremely low, provided that the surgeon strictly adheres to universal
infection control procedures, write C. Fordham von Reyn et al. of the
Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center in Lebanon, N.H. The researchers contacted
2,317 former patients on whom an HIV-positive orthopedic surgeon performed
invasive procedures between January 1, 1978 and June 30, 1992. The
orthopedic surgeon voluntarily withdrew from practice after testing positive
for HIV. A total of 1,174 former patients underwent HIV testing,
representing 50.7 percent of patients on whom the orthopedic surgeon
performed invasive procedures during the 13.5-year period. Patients were
tested from each year and from each category of invasive procedure. All
patients were found to be negative for HIV by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent
assay. Two former patients reported known HIV infection prior to surgery.
The examination of AIDS case registries and vital records neglected to detect
cases of HIV infection among former surgical patients. The estimated cost of
the initial patient notification and testing was $158,000, with the single
most expensive activity being counseling and testing. This accounted for 37
percent of the total expense. The patient notification and testing were
conducted while maintaining the confidentiality of the orthopedic surgeon who
was an active participant in the planning and execution of the study.
Notifying patients of the infected surgeon's HIV-status is both disruptive
and expensive and is not routinely recommended, the researchers conclude. \
=================================================================
"Investigation of Potential HIV Transmission to the Patients of an HIV-
Infected Surgeon" Journal of the American Medical Association (04/14/93) Vol.
HICNet Medical Newsletter Page 38
Volume 6, Number 11 April 25, 1993
269, No. 14, P. 1795 (Smith Rogers, Audrey et al.)
The risk of HIV transmission during surgery is so remote that it will be
quantified only by gathering data from multiple, methodologically similar
investigations, writes Audrey Smith Rogers et al. of the Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine in Baltimore, Md. The researchers identified a
total of 1,131 persons in hospital databases who underwent invasive surgical
procedures between 1984 and 1990 and for whom the HIV-positive surgeon was
listed as the operating surgeon. The AIDS case registries were reviewed for
all patients having undergone invasive procedures and death certificates were
obtained. Among the 1,131 patients, 101 were dead, 119 had no address, 413
had test results known, and 498 did not respond to the questionnaire. No
study patient name was found in reported AIDS case registries. One newly
detected, HIV-positive patient was determined to have been most probably
infected in 1985 during a transfusion. There was no HIV transmission in 369
person-hours of surgical exposure, suggesting that HIV transmission to
patients is unlikely to occur more frequently than once per 1000 person-hours
of surgical exposure. The researchers determined there is no evidence to
suggest that the surgeon failed to adhere to standard infection-control
guidelines; over 50 percent of the patients with invasive procedures chose to
be tested, and of those whose results were revealed, only one person was
found to be infected with HIV. The study patient's infection was probably
the result of a tainted blood transfusion received in 1985. As a result,
there is no evidence that the transmission of HIV from the HIV-positive
surgeon to any patient transpired, the researchers conclude.
==================================================================
April 20, 1993
==================================================================
"Drug Concerns to Share AIDS Data" New York Times (04/20/93), P. C10
(Kolata, Gina)
A total of 15 major pharmaceutical companies have decided, in a highly
unusual move, to share AIDS drugs and information while the drugs are
undergoing early clinical testing. Dr. Edward Scolnick, president of the
Merck Research Laboratory in Rahway, N.J., arranged the collaboration. He
said that cooperation between companies seemed increasingly significant as it
had become clear that combinations of drugs were likely to be more effective
in fighting HIV than any drug used alone. The researchers are hopeful that
HIV, when faced with a combination of several drugs requiring mutation at
different sites for resistance to develop, will be unable to evolve all the
mutations at the same time. Therefore, several drugs taken together or one
after the other could halt the spread of HIV. Currently, the drug companies
do not know what other drugs their competitors are developing. The new
agreement allows companies to routinely exchange animal data and safety data
on new AIDS drugs. "An agreement like this will greatly facilitate
HICNet Medical Newsletter Page 39
Volume 6, Number 11 April 25, 1993
companies' ability to choose the best drug combinations much faster and in a
much more efficient way," said Scolnick. He also said that the
collaboration would not violate antitrust laws. In creating the agreement,
Merck spoke frequently to members of AIDS advocacy groups, including ACT-UP.
Dr. Daniel Hoth, director of the division on AIDS at the National Institute
of Allergy and Infectious Disease said, "We're delighted to see the
pharmaceutical industry take this step because we think that increasing the
information flow will likely accelerate the discovery of better compounds for
AIDS." Related Stories: Wall Street Journal (04/20) P. B1; Philadelphia
Inquirer (04/20) P. A3; USA Today (04/20) P. 1B
==================================================================
"The Next Step in AIDS Treatment" Nature (04/08/93) Vol. 362, No. 6420, P. 493
(Maddox, John)
Although AZT was found to be ineffective in prolonging the lives of
people infected with HIV, the findings do not indicate that AZT should not be
administered in people with full-blown AIDS, writes columnist John Maddox.
AZT has been used in the United States in asymptomatic HIV-positive people on
the basis that administration of the drug appeared to abate the decline of
T-cell counts. However, a report in the Lancet demonstrated that AZT should
not be used early in the course of disease. While the CD4 counts of the 877
people given AZT were consistently greater than those of patients receiving
only placebo, the first three years of follow-up have shown that the
proportions of people in the two groups progressing to overt AIDS or even to
death were not significantly different at roughly 18 percent. The
conclusions are that AZT is not an effective AIDS drug in HIV-infected
individuals, and that CD4 cell count may not be a reliable proxy for the
progression to AIDS in infected people. But nothing is implied by the study
of the utility of AZT in the treatment of those in whom symptoms have already
appeared--there is no case for abandoning that treatment, at least on the
evidence now available. It is much more alarming that the CD4 count has
proven to be an unreliable mark of the efficacy of drug treatment in HIV
infection. AIDS researchers should acknowledge HIV is alive from the
beginning of infection and turn it into a workable assay of the progress of
disease. The general application of such an assay will probably in itself
provide a better understanding of the pathogenesis of AIDS, concludes
Maddox.
==================================================================
"Infective and Anti-Infective Properties of Breastmilk From HIV-1-Infected
Women" Lancet (04/10/93) Vol. 341, No. 8850, P. 914 (Van de Perre, Philippe
et al.)
A vaccine preparation inducing a persistent immune response of the IgM
type in the mother's body fluids could be valuable to prevent transmission of
HIV-1 from mother to child, write Philippe Van de Perre et al. of the
HICNet Medical Newsletter Page 40
Volume 6, Number 11 April 25, 1993
National AIDS Control Program in Kigali, Rwanda. The researchers hypothesized
that transmission of HIV-1 through breastmilk could be favored by the
presence of infected cells, by deficiency of anti-infective substances in
breastmilk, or both factors. A total of 215 HIV-1-infected women were
enrolled at delivery in Kigali, Rwanda; milk samples were collected 15 days, 6
months, and 18 months post partum. HIV-1 IgG, secretory IgA, and IgM were
assayed by western blot, for the latter two after removal of IgG with
protein G. In the 15-day and 6-month samples, the researchers sought viral
genome in milk cells by double polymerase chain reaction with three sets of
primers (gag, pol, and env). At 15 days, 6 months, and 18 months post
partum, HIV-1 specific IgG was detected in 95 percent, 98 percent, and 97
percent of breastmilk samples; IgA in 23 percent, 28 percent, and 41 percent;
and IgM in 66 percent, 78 percent, and 41 percent. In children who survived
longer than 18 months the risk of infection was associated with lack of
persistence of IgM and IgA in their mothers' milk. The presence of HIV-1-
infected cells in the milk 15 days post partum was strongly predictive of
HIV-1 infection in the child by both univariate and multivariate analysis.
The combination of HIV-1 infected cells in breastmilk and a defective IgM
response was the strongest predictor of infection. IgM and IgA anti-HIV-1 in
breastmilk may protect against postnatal transmission of HIV, the researchers
conclude.
==================================================================
April 21, 1993
==================================================================
"Firms to Share AIDS Research in Global Venture" Journal of Commerce
(04/21/93), P. 7A
A total of fifteen U.S. and European pharmaceutical companies announced
Tuesday they will swap drug supplies and information on early-stage AIDS
research to hasten the search for combination therapies to fight HIV
infection and AIDS. The companies said the unusual move resulted primarily
from the increasing concentration of AIDS research on combination therapies
since realizing that HIV is likely to develop resistance to every individual
AIDS drug. Edward Scolnick, president of Merck & Co. Research Laboratories,
led the collaborative effort that took a year of negotiations to come
together, said participants. In addition to Merck, the other companies
involved in the Inter-Company Collaboration for AIDS Drug Development are
Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Burroughs Wellcome, Glaxo Inc., Hoffman-La Roche,
Eli Lilly & Co., Pfizer Inc., Smithkline Beecham, AB Astra, Du Pont Merck,
Syntex Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim, Miles Inc., and Sigma-Tau. The
participants said that all companies involved in AIDS drug development they
were aware of had joined the collaboration, and that any company actively
involved in HIV anti-viral development may participate. Scolnick said the
collaborators would most likely meet every couple of months for a daylong
scientific meeting where they will review for one another their preclinical
HICNet Medical Newsletter Page 41
Volume 6, Number 11 April 25, 1993
and early clinical data. The American Foundation for AIDS Research (AmFAR)
was pleased with the news of the collaboration, which it hopes will lead to
the development of drug combinations that will reduce viral resistance.
Related Story: Financial Times (04/21) P. 1
==================================================================
"Guidance Over HIV-Infected Health-Care Workers" Lancet (04/10/93) Vol. 341,
No. 8850, P. 952 (Horton, Richard)
The United Kingdom's Department of Health recently followed the advice
of AIDS experts that there is no scientific reason for routine HIV testing
among health-care workers. Following recent highly publicized reports of
health professionals who contracted HIV, the department issued revised
guidelines on the management of such cases. Dr. Kenneth Calman, Chief
Medical Officer, said doctors, dentists, nurses, and other health-care
workers have an ethical duty to seek advice if they have been exposed to HIV
infection, including, if appropriate, diagnostic HIV testing. He said,
"Infected health care workers should not perform invasive procedures that
carry even a remote risk of exposing patients to the virus." The guidelines
--------- end of part 3 ------------
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