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/*
 * Copyright 2009 Martin Grotzke
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 *
 */
package de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.javolution;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;

import de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedSessionService.SessionManager;
import javolution.xml.XMLObjectReader;
import javolution.xml.XMLObjectWriter;
import javolution.xml.XMLReferenceResolver;
import javolution.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;

import org.apache.catalina.Context;
import org.apache.catalina.Loader;
import org.apache.catalina.Manager;
import org.apache.juli.logging.Log;
import org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory;

import de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSession;
import de.javakaffee.web.msm.SessionAttributesTranscoder;
import de.javakaffee.web.msm.TranscoderDeserializationException;

/**
 * A {@link net.spy.memcached.transcoders.Transcoder} that serializes catalina
 * {@link org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSession}s using Javolutions  xml data binding facilities.
 * 
 * Objects are serialized to/from xml using javolutions built in
 * {@link javolution.xml.XMLFormat}s for standard types, custom/user types are bound using the
 * {@link ReflectionFormat}.
 * 
 * 
 * Additionally it's worth to note that cyclic dependencies are supported.
 * 
 *
 * @author Martin Grotzke
 */
public class JavolutionTranscoder implements SessionAttributesTranscoder {

    static final String REFERENCE_ATTRIBUTE_ID = "__id";
    static final String REFERENCE_ATTRIBUTE_REF_ID = "__ref";

    private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog( JavolutionTranscoder.class );

    private final SessionManager _manager;
    private final ReflectionBinding _xmlBinding;

    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * @param manager
     *            the manager
     */
    public JavolutionTranscoder( final SessionManager manager ) {
        this( manager, false );
    }

    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * @param manager
     *            the manager
     * @param copyCollectionsForSerialization
     *            specifies, if iterating over collection elements shall be done
     *            on a copy of the collection or on the collection itself
     * @param customFormats a list of {@link CustomXMLFormat}s or null.
     */
    public JavolutionTranscoder(final SessionManager manager, final boolean copyCollectionsForSerialization,
                                final CustomXMLFormat ... customFormats ) {
        _manager = manager;
        final Loader loader = _manager.getContext().getLoader();
        _xmlBinding = new ReflectionBinding( loader.getClassLoader(), copyCollectionsForSerialization, customFormats );
    }

    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * @param classLoader
     *            the classLoader
     * @param copyCollectionsForSerialization
     *            specifies, if iterating over collection elements shall be done
     *            on a copy of the collection or on the collection itself
     * @param customFormats a list of {@link CustomXMLFormat}s or null.
     */
    public JavolutionTranscoder( final ClassLoader classLoader, final boolean copyCollectionsForSerialization,
            final CustomXMLFormat ... customFormats ) {
        _manager = null;
        _xmlBinding = new ReflectionBinding( classLoader, copyCollectionsForSerialization, customFormats );
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    @Override
    public byte[] serializeAttributes( final MemcachedBackupSession session, final ConcurrentMap attributes ) {
        return doSerialize( attributes, "attributes" );
    }

    private byte[] doSerialize( final Object object, final String name ) {
        if ( object == null ) {
            throw new NullPointerException( "Can't serialize null" );
        }

        XMLObjectWriter writer = null;
        try {
            final ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            writer = XMLObjectWriter.newInstance( bos );
            final XMLReferenceResolver xmlReferenceResolver = new XMLReferenceResolver();
            xmlReferenceResolver.setIdentifierAttribute( REFERENCE_ATTRIBUTE_ID );
            xmlReferenceResolver.setReferenceAttribute( REFERENCE_ATTRIBUTE_REF_ID );
            writer.setReferenceResolver( xmlReferenceResolver );
            writer.setBinding( _xmlBinding );
            writer.write( object, name );
            writer.flush();

            if ( LOG.isDebugEnabled() ) {
                LOG.debug( "Returning serialized data:\n" + new String( bos.toByteArray() ) );
            }

            return bos.toByteArray();
        } catch ( final Exception e ) {
            LOG.error( "caught exception", e );
            throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Could not serialize object", e );
        } finally {
            closeSilently( writer );
        }
    }

    /**
     * Get the object represented by the given serialized bytes.
     *
     * @param in
     *            the bytes to deserialize
     * @return the resulting object
     */
    @Override
    public ConcurrentMap deserializeAttributes(final byte[] in ) {

        if ( LOG.isDebugEnabled() ) {
            LOG.debug( "Reading serialized data:\n" + new String( in ) );
        }

        return doDeserialize( in, "attributes" );
    }

    private  T doDeserialize( final byte[] in, final String name ) {
        // getLogger().info( "Loading serialized:\n" + new String( in ) );
        XMLObjectReader reader = null;
        try {
            final ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream( in );
            reader = XMLObjectReader.newInstance( bis );
            final XMLReferenceResolver xmlReferenceResolver = new XMLReferenceResolver();
            xmlReferenceResolver.setIdentifierAttribute( REFERENCE_ATTRIBUTE_ID );
            xmlReferenceResolver.setReferenceAttribute( REFERENCE_ATTRIBUTE_REF_ID );
            reader.setReferenceResolver( xmlReferenceResolver );
            reader.setBinding( _xmlBinding );
            if ( !reader.hasNext() ) {
                throw new IllegalStateException( "reader has no input" );
            }
            return reader. read( name );
        } catch ( final RuntimeException e ) {
            LOG.warn( "Caught Exception decoding "+ in.length +" bytes of data", e );
            throw new TranscoderDeserializationException(e);
        } catch ( final XMLStreamException e ) {
            LOG.warn( "Caught Exception decoding "+ in.length +" bytes of data", e );
            throw new TranscoderDeserializationException( e );
        } finally {
            closeSilently( reader );
        }
    }

    private void closeSilently( final XMLObjectWriter stream ) {
        if ( stream != null ) {
            try {
                stream.close();
            } catch ( final XMLStreamException e ) {
                // fail silently
            }
        }
    }

    private void closeSilently( final XMLObjectReader stream ) {
        if ( stream != null ) {
            try {
                stream.close();
            } catch ( final XMLStreamException e ) {
                // fail silently
            }
        }
    }

}