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//
//  ========================================================================
//  Copyright (c) 1995-2018 Mort Bay Consulting Pty. Ltd.
//  ------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials
//  are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v1.0
//  and Apache License v2.0 which accompanies this distribution.
//
//      The Eclipse Public License is available at
//      http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html
//
//      The Apache License v2.0 is available at
//      http://www.opensource.org/licenses/apache2.0.php
//
//  You may elect to redistribute this code under either of these licenses.
//  ========================================================================
//

package org.eclipse.jetty.util;

import java.util.AbstractList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.ListIterator;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * A BlockingQueue backed by a circular array capable or growing.
 * 

* This queue is uses a variant of the two lock queue algorithm to provide an efficient queue or list backed by a growable circular array. *

*

* Unlike {@link java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue}, this class is able to grow and provides a blocking put call. *

*

* The queue has both a capacity (the size of the array currently allocated) and a max capacity (the maximum size that may be allocated), which defaults to * {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}. *

* * @param * The element type */ public class BlockingArrayQueue extends AbstractList implements BlockingQueue { /** * The head offset in the {@link #_indexes} array, displaced by 15 slots to avoid false sharing with the array length (stored before the first element of * the array itself). */ private static final int HEAD_OFFSET = MemoryUtils.getIntegersPerCacheLine() - 1; /** * The tail offset in the {@link #_indexes} array, displaced by 16 slots from the head to avoid false sharing with it. */ private static final int TAIL_OFFSET = HEAD_OFFSET + MemoryUtils.getIntegersPerCacheLine(); /** * Default initial capacity, 128. */ public static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 128; /** * Default growth factor, 64. */ public static final int DEFAULT_GROWTH = 64; private final int _maxCapacity; private final int _growCapacity; /** * Array that holds the head and tail indexes, separated by a cache line to avoid false sharing */ private final int[] _indexes = new int[TAIL_OFFSET + 1]; private final Lock _tailLock = new ReentrantLock(); private final AtomicInteger _size = new AtomicInteger(); private final Lock _headLock = new ReentrantLock(); private final Condition _notEmpty = _headLock.newCondition(); private Object[] _elements; /** * Creates an unbounded {@link BlockingArrayQueue} with default initial capacity and grow factor. * * @see #DEFAULT_CAPACITY * @see #DEFAULT_GROWTH */ public BlockingArrayQueue() { _elements = new Object[DEFAULT_CAPACITY]; _growCapacity = DEFAULT_GROWTH; _maxCapacity = Integer.MAX_VALUE; } /** * Creates a bounded {@link BlockingArrayQueue} that does not grow. The capacity of the queue is fixed and equal to the given parameter. * * @param maxCapacity * the maximum capacity */ public BlockingArrayQueue(int maxCapacity) { _elements = new Object[maxCapacity]; _growCapacity = -1; _maxCapacity = maxCapacity; } /** * Creates an unbounded {@link BlockingArrayQueue} that grows by the given parameter. * * @param capacity * the initial capacity * @param growBy * the growth factor */ public BlockingArrayQueue(int capacity, int growBy) { _elements = new Object[capacity]; _growCapacity = growBy; _maxCapacity = Integer.MAX_VALUE; } /** * Create a bounded {@link BlockingArrayQueue} that grows by the given parameter. * * @param capacity * the initial capacity * @param growBy * the growth factor * @param maxCapacity * the maximum capacity */ public BlockingArrayQueue(int capacity, int growBy, int maxCapacity) { if (capacity > maxCapacity) throw new IllegalArgumentException(); _elements = new Object[capacity]; _growCapacity = growBy; _maxCapacity = maxCapacity; } /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Collection methods */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ @Override public void clear() { _tailLock.lock(); try { _headLock.lock(); try { _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET] = 0; _indexes[TAIL_OFFSET] = 0; _size.set(0); } finally { _headLock.unlock(); } } finally { _tailLock.unlock(); } } @Override public int size() { return _size.get(); } @Override public Iterator iterator() { return listIterator(); } /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Queue methods */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public E poll() { if (_size.get() == 0) return null; E e = null; _headLock.lock(); // Size cannot shrink try { if (_size.get() > 0) { final int head = _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET]; e = (E)_elements[head]; _elements[head] = null; _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET] = (head + 1) % _elements.length; if (_size.decrementAndGet() > 0) _notEmpty.signal(); } } finally { _headLock.unlock(); } return e; } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public E peek() { if (_size.get() == 0) return null; E e = null; _headLock.lock(); // Size cannot shrink try { if (_size.get() > 0) e = (E)_elements[_indexes[HEAD_OFFSET]]; } finally { _headLock.unlock(); } return e; } @Override public E remove() { E e = poll(); if (e == null) throw new NoSuchElementException(); return e; } @Override public E element() { E e = peek(); if (e == null) throw new NoSuchElementException(); return e; } /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* BlockingQueue methods */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ @Override public boolean offer(E e) { Objects.requireNonNull(e); boolean notEmpty = false; _tailLock.lock(); // Size cannot grow... only shrink try { int size = _size.get(); if (size >= _maxCapacity) return false; // Should we expand array? if (size == _elements.length) { _headLock.lock(); try { if (!grow()) return false; } finally { _headLock.unlock(); } } // Re-read head and tail after a possible grow int tail = _indexes[TAIL_OFFSET]; _elements[tail] = e; _indexes[TAIL_OFFSET] = (tail + 1) % _elements.length; notEmpty = _size.getAndIncrement() == 0; } finally { _tailLock.unlock(); } if (notEmpty) { _headLock.lock(); try { _notEmpty.signal(); } finally { _headLock.unlock(); } } return true; } @Override public boolean add(E e) { if (offer(e)) return true; else throw new IllegalStateException(); } @Override public void put(E o) throws InterruptedException { // The mechanism to await and signal when the queue is full is not implemented throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } @Override public boolean offer(E o, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { // The mechanism to await and signal when the queue is full is not implemented throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public E take() throws InterruptedException { E e = null; _headLock.lockInterruptibly(); // Size cannot shrink try { try { while (_size.get() == 0) { _notEmpty.await(); } } catch (InterruptedException ie) { _notEmpty.signal(); throw ie; } final int head = _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET]; e = (E)_elements[head]; _elements[head] = null; _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET] = (head + 1) % _elements.length; if (_size.decrementAndGet() > 0) _notEmpty.signal(); } finally { _headLock.unlock(); } return e; } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public E poll(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { long nanos = unit.toNanos(time); E e = null; _headLock.lockInterruptibly(); // Size cannot shrink try { try { while (_size.get() == 0) { if (nanos <= 0) return null; nanos = _notEmpty.awaitNanos(nanos); } } catch (InterruptedException x) { _notEmpty.signal(); throw x; } int head = _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET]; e = (E)_elements[head]; _elements[head] = null; _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET] = (head + 1) % _elements.length; if (_size.decrementAndGet() > 0) _notEmpty.signal(); } finally { _headLock.unlock(); } return e; } @Override public boolean remove(Object o) { _tailLock.lock(); try { _headLock.lock(); try { if (isEmpty()) return false; final int head = _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET]; final int tail = _indexes[TAIL_OFFSET]; final int capacity = _elements.length; int i = head; while (true) { if (Objects.equals(_elements[i],o)) { remove(i >= head?i - head:capacity - head + i); return true; } ++i; if (i == capacity) i = 0; if (i == tail) return false; } } finally { _headLock.unlock(); } } finally { _tailLock.unlock(); } } @Override public int remainingCapacity() { _tailLock.lock(); try { _headLock.lock(); try { return getCapacity() - size(); } finally { _headLock.unlock(); } } finally { _tailLock.unlock(); } } @Override public int drainTo(Collection c) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } @Override public int drainTo(Collection c, int maxElements) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* List methods */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public E get(int index) { _tailLock.lock(); try { _headLock.lock(); try { if (index < 0 || index >= _size.get()) throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("!(" + 0 + "<" + index + "<=" + _size + ")"); int i = _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET] + index; int capacity = _elements.length; if (i >= capacity) i -= capacity; return (E)_elements[i]; } finally { _headLock.unlock(); } } finally { _tailLock.unlock(); } } @Override public void add(int index, E e) { if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException(); _tailLock.lock(); try { _headLock.lock(); try { final int size = _size.get(); if (index < 0 || index > size) throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("!(" + 0 + "<" + index + "<=" + _size + ")"); if (index == size) { add(e); } else { if (_indexes[TAIL_OFFSET] == _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET]) if (!grow()) throw new IllegalStateException("full"); // Re-read head and tail after a possible grow int i = _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET] + index; int capacity = _elements.length; if (i >= capacity) i -= capacity; _size.incrementAndGet(); int tail = _indexes[TAIL_OFFSET]; _indexes[TAIL_OFFSET] = tail = (tail + 1) % capacity; if (i < tail) { System.arraycopy(_elements,i,_elements,i + 1,tail - i); _elements[i] = e; } else { if (tail > 0) { System.arraycopy(_elements,0,_elements,1,tail); _elements[0] = _elements[capacity - 1]; } System.arraycopy(_elements,i,_elements,i + 1,capacity - i - 1); _elements[i] = e; } } } finally { _headLock.unlock(); } } finally { _tailLock.unlock(); } } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public E set(int index, E e) { Objects.requireNonNull(e); _tailLock.lock(); try { _headLock.lock(); try { if (index < 0 || index >= _size.get()) throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("!(" + 0 + "<" + index + "<=" + _size + ")"); int i = _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET] + index; int capacity = _elements.length; if (i >= capacity) i -= capacity; E old = (E)_elements[i]; _elements[i] = e; return old; } finally { _headLock.unlock(); } } finally { _tailLock.unlock(); } } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public E remove(int index) { _tailLock.lock(); try { _headLock.lock(); try { if (index < 0 || index >= _size.get()) throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("!(" + 0 + "<" + index + "<=" + _size + ")"); int i = _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET] + index; int capacity = _elements.length; if (i >= capacity) i -= capacity; E old = (E)_elements[i]; int tail = _indexes[TAIL_OFFSET]; if (i < tail) { System.arraycopy(_elements,i + 1,_elements,i,tail - i); --_indexes[TAIL_OFFSET]; } else { System.arraycopy(_elements,i + 1,_elements,i,capacity - i - 1); _elements[capacity - 1] = _elements[0]; if (tail > 0) { System.arraycopy(_elements,1,_elements,0,tail); --_indexes[TAIL_OFFSET]; } else { _indexes[TAIL_OFFSET] = capacity - 1; } _elements[_indexes[TAIL_OFFSET]] = null; } _size.decrementAndGet(); return old; } finally { _headLock.unlock(); } } finally { _tailLock.unlock(); } } @Override public ListIterator listIterator(int index) { _tailLock.lock(); try { _headLock.lock(); try { Object[] elements = new Object[size()]; if (size() > 0) { int head = _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET]; int tail = _indexes[TAIL_OFFSET]; if (head < tail) { System.arraycopy(_elements,head,elements,0,tail - head); } else { int chunk = _elements.length - head; System.arraycopy(_elements,head,elements,0,chunk); System.arraycopy(_elements,0,elements,chunk,tail); } } return new Itr(elements,index); } finally { _headLock.unlock(); } } finally { _tailLock.unlock(); } } /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Additional methods */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /** * @return the current capacity of this queue */ public int getCapacity() { _tailLock.lock(); try { return _elements.length; } finally { _tailLock.unlock(); } } /** * @return the max capacity of this queue, or -1 if this queue is unbounded */ public int getMaxCapacity() { return _maxCapacity; } /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Implementation methods */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ private boolean grow() { if (_growCapacity <= 0) return false; _tailLock.lock(); try { _headLock.lock(); try { final int head = _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET]; final int tail = _indexes[TAIL_OFFSET]; final int newTail; final int capacity = _elements.length; Object[] elements = new Object[capacity + _growCapacity]; if (head < tail) { newTail = tail - head; System.arraycopy(_elements,head,elements,0,newTail); } else if (head > tail || _size.get() > 0) { newTail = capacity + tail - head; int cut = capacity - head; System.arraycopy(_elements,head,elements,0,cut); System.arraycopy(_elements,0,elements,cut,tail); } else { newTail = 0; } _elements = elements; _indexes[HEAD_OFFSET] = 0; _indexes[TAIL_OFFSET] = newTail; return true; } finally { _headLock.unlock(); } } finally { _tailLock.unlock(); } } private class Itr implements ListIterator { private final Object[] _elements; private int _cursor; public Itr(Object[] elements, int offset) { _elements = elements; _cursor = offset; } @Override public boolean hasNext() { return _cursor < _elements.length; } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public E next() { return (E)_elements[_cursor++]; } @Override public boolean hasPrevious() { return _cursor > 0; } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override public E previous() { return (E)_elements[--_cursor]; } @Override public int nextIndex() { return _cursor + 1; } @Override public int previousIndex() { return _cursor - 1; } @Override public void remove() { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } @Override public void set(E e) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } @Override public void add(E e) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); } } }




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