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/*
* Copyright (C) 2006-2010 Schlichtherle IT Services
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package de.schlichtherle.key;
import de.schlichtherle.util.ClassLoaders;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* An abstract class which maintains a static map of {@link KeyProvider}
* instances for any protected resource which clients need to create or open.
* This key manager class is designed to be of general purpose:
* Resources are simply represented by a string as their identifier, called
* the resource identifier or resource ID for short.
* For each resource ID, a key provider may be associated to it which handles
* the actual retrieval of the key.
*
* Clients need to call {@link #getInstance} to get the default instance.
* Because the map of key providers and some associated methods are static
* members of this class, the default instance of this class may be changed
* dynamically (using {@link #setInstance}) without affecting already mapped
* key providers.
* This allows to change other aspects of the implementation dynamically
* (the user interface for example) without affecting the key providers and hence the
* keys.
*
* Implementations need to subclass this class and provide a public
* no-arguments constructor.
* Finally, an instance of the implementation must be installed either by
* calling {@link #setInstance(KeyManager)} or by setting the system property
* {@code de.schlichtherle.key.KeyManager} to the fully qualified class
* name of the implementation before this class is ever used.
* In the latter case, the class will be loaded using the context class loader
* of the current thread.
*
* Note that class loading and instantiation may happen in a JVM shutdown hook,
* so class initializers and constructors must behave accordingly.
* In particular, it's not permitted to construct or use a Swing GUI there.
*
* This class is thread safe.
*
* @author Christian Schlichtherle
* @version $Id$
* @since TrueZIP 6.0
*/
public class KeyManager {
private static volatile KeyManager keyManager;
/**
* Maps resource IDs [String] -> providers [KeyProvider]
*/
private static final Map providers = new HashMap();
private final Map providerTypes = new HashMap();
//
// Static Methods.
//
/**
* Returns the default instance of the key manager.
*
* If the default instance has been explicitly set using
* {@link #setInstance}, then this instance is returned.
*
* Otherwise, the value of the system property
* {@code de.schlichtherle.key.KeyManager} is considered:
*
* If this system property is set, it must denote the fully qualified
* class name of a subclass of this class. The class is loaded by name
* using the current thread's context class loader and instantiated using
* its public, no-arguments constructor.
*
* Otherwise, if the JVM is running in headless mode and the API conforms
* to JSE 6 (where the class {@code java.io.Console} is available),
* then the console I/O based implementation in the class
* {@link de.schlichtherle.key.passwd.console.PromptingKeyManager}
* is loaded by name using the current thread's context class loader and
* instantiated using its public, no-arguments constructor.
*
* Otherwise, the Swing based implementation in the class
* {@link de.schlichtherle.key.passwd.swing.PromptingKeyManager}
* is loaded by name using the current thread's context class loader and
* instantiated using its public, no-arguments constructor.
*
* In order to support this plug-in architecture, you should not
* cache the instance returned by this method!
*
* @throws ClassCastException If the class name in the system property
* does not denote a subclass of this class.
* @throws UndeclaredThrowableException If any other precondition on the
* value of the system property does not hold.
*/
public static synchronized KeyManager getInstance() {
if (keyManager != null)
return keyManager;
final String n = System.getProperty(
"de.schlichtherle.key.KeyManager",
getDefaultKeyManagerClassName());
try {
Class c = ClassLoaders.loadClass(n, KeyManager.class);
keyManager = (KeyManager) c.newInstance();
} catch (RuntimeException ex) {
throw ex;
} catch (Exception ex) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(ex);
}
return keyManager;
}
private static String getDefaultKeyManagerClassName() {
if (GraphicsEnvironment.isHeadless()) {
try {
Class.forName("java.io.Console");
return "de.schlichtherle.key.passwd.console.PromptingKeyManager";
} catch (ClassNotFoundException noJSE6ConsoleAvailable) {
// Ignore and fall through - prompting will be disabled.
}
}
return "de.schlichtherle.key.passwd.swing.PromptingKeyManager";
}
/**
* Sets the default instance of the key manager explicitly.
*
* @param keyManager The key manager to use as the default instance.
* If this is set to {@code null}, on the next call to
* {@link #getInstance} the default instance will be recreated.
*/
public static void setInstance(final KeyManager keyManager) {
KeyManager.keyManager = keyManager;
}
/**
* Maps the given key provider for the given resource identifier.
*
* @return The key provider previously mapped for the given resource
* identifier or {@code null} if no key provider was mapped.
* @throws NullPointerException If {@code resourceID} or
* {@code provider} is {@code null}.
*/
static final synchronized KeyProvider mapKeyProvider(
String resourceID,
KeyProvider provider)
throws NullPointerException {
if (resourceID == null || provider == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
return (KeyProvider) providers.put(resourceID, provider);
}
/**
* Removes the key provider for the given resource identifier from the map.
*
* @return The key provider previously mapped for the given resource
* identifier or {@code null} if no key provider was mapped.
* @throws NullPointerException If {@code resourceID} is
* {@code null}.
*/
static synchronized final KeyProvider unmapKeyProvider(String resourceID)
throws NullPointerException {
if (resourceID == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
return (KeyProvider) providers.remove(resourceID);
}
/**
* Resets the key provider for the given resource identifier, causing it
* to forget its common key.
* This works only if the key provider associated with the given resource
* identifier is an instance of {@link AbstractKeyProvider}.
* Otherwise, nothing happens.
*
* @param resourceID The resource identifier.
* @return Whether or not an instance of {@link AbstractKeyProvider}
* is mapped for the resource identifier and has been reset.
*/
public static synchronized boolean resetKeyProvider(final String resourceID) {
final KeyProvider provider = (KeyProvider) providers.get(resourceID);
if (provider instanceof AbstractKeyProvider) {
final AbstractKeyProvider skp = (AbstractKeyProvider) provider;
skp.reset();
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* Resets the key provider for the given resource identifier, causing it
* to forget its common key, and throws the key provider away.
* If the key provider associated with the given resource identifier is
* not an instance of {@link AbstractKeyProvider}, it is just removed from
* the map.
*
* @param resourceID The resource identifier.
* @return Whether or not a key provider was mapped for the resource
* identifier and has been removed.
*/
public static synchronized boolean resetAndRemoveKeyProvider(final String resourceID) {
final KeyProvider provider = (KeyProvider) providers.get(resourceID);
if (provider instanceof AbstractKeyProvider) {
final AbstractKeyProvider skp = (AbstractKeyProvider) provider;
skp.reset();
final KeyProvider result = skp.removeFromKeyManager(resourceID);
assert provider == result;
return true;
} else if (provider != null) {
final KeyProvider previous = unmapKeyProvider(resourceID);
assert provider == previous;
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* Resets all key providers, causing them to forget their respective
* common key.
* If a mapped key provider is not an instance of {@link AbstractKeyProvider},
* nothing happens.
*/
public static void resetKeyProviders() {
forEachKeyProvider(new KeyProviderCommand() {
public void run(String resourceID, KeyProvider provider) {
if (provider instanceof AbstractKeyProvider) {
((AbstractKeyProvider) provider).reset();
}
}
});
}
/**
* @deprecated Use {@link #resetAndRemoveKeyProviders} instead.
*/
public static final void resetAndClearKeyProviders() {
resetAndRemoveKeyProviders();
}
/**
* Resets all key providers, causing them to forget their key, and removes
* them from the map.
* If the key provider associated with the given resource identifier is
* not an instance of {@link AbstractKeyProvider}, it is just removed from
* the map.
*
* @since TrueZIP 6.1
* @throws IllegalStateException If resetting or unmapping one or more
* key providers is prohibited by a constraint in a subclass of
* {@link AbstractKeyProvider}, in which case the respective key
* provider(s) are reset but remain mapped.
* The operation is continued normally for all other key providers.
* Please refer to the respective subclass documentation for
* more information about its constraint(s).
*/
public static synchronized void resetAndRemoveKeyProviders() {
class ResetAndRemoveKeyProvider implements KeyProviderCommand {
IllegalStateException ise = null;
public void run(String resourceID, KeyProvider provider) {
if (provider instanceof AbstractKeyProvider) {
final AbstractKeyProvider skp = (AbstractKeyProvider) provider;
skp.reset();
try {
skp.removeFromKeyManager(resourceID); // support proper clean up!
} catch (IllegalStateException exc) {
ise = exc; // mark and forget any previous exception
}
} else {
final KeyProvider previous = unmapKeyProvider(resourceID);
assert provider == previous;
}
}
}
final ResetAndRemoveKeyProvider cmd = new ResetAndRemoveKeyProvider();
forEachKeyProvider(cmd);
if (cmd.ise != null)
throw cmd.ise;
}
/**
* Executes a {@link KeyProviderCommand} for each mapped key provider.
* It is safe to call any method of this class within the command,
* even if it modifies the map of key providers.
*/
protected static synchronized void forEachKeyProvider(
final KeyProviderCommand command) {
// We can't use an iterator because the command may modify the map.
// Otherwise, resetAndClearKeyProviders() would fail with a
// ConcurrentModificationException.
final Set entrySet = providers.entrySet();
final int n = entrySet.size();
final Map.Entry[] entries
= (Map.Entry[]) entrySet.toArray(new Map.Entry[n]);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
final Map.Entry entry = entries[i];
final String resourceID = (String) entry.getKey();
final KeyProvider provider = (KeyProvider) entry.getValue();
command.run(resourceID, provider);
}
}
/**
* Implemented by sub classes to define commands which shall be executed
* on key providers with the {@link #forEachKeyProvider} method.
*/
protected interface KeyProviderCommand {
void run(String resourceID, KeyProvider provider);
}
/**
* Moves a key provider from one resource identifier to another.
* This may be useful if a protected resource changes its identifier.
* For example, if the protected resource is a file, the most obvious
* identifier would be its canonical path name.
* Calling this method then allows you to rename a file without the need
* to retrieve its keys again, thereby possibly prompting (and confusing)
* the user.
*
* @return {@code true} if and only if the operation succeeded,
* which means that there was an instance of
* {@link KeyProvider} associated with
* {@code oldResourceID}.
* @throws NullPointerException If {@code oldResourceID} or
* {@code newResourceID} is {@code null}.
* @throws IllegalStateException If unmapping or mapping the key provider
* is prohibited by a constraint in a subclass of
* {@link AbstractKeyProvider}, in which case the transaction is
* rolled back before this exception is (re)thrown.
* Please refer to the respective subclass documentation for
* more information about its constraint(s).
*/
public static synchronized boolean moveKeyProvider(
final String oldResourceID,
final String newResourceID)
throws NullPointerException, IllegalStateException {
if (oldResourceID == null || newResourceID == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
final KeyProvider provider = (KeyProvider) providers.get(oldResourceID);
if (provider == null)
return false;
if (provider instanceof AbstractKeyProvider) {
final AbstractKeyProvider skp = (AbstractKeyProvider) provider;
// Implement transactional behaviour.
skp.removeFromKeyManager(oldResourceID);
try {
skp.addToKeyManager(newResourceID);
} catch (RuntimeException failure) {
skp.addToKeyManager(oldResourceID);
throw failure;
}
} else {
unmapKeyProvider(oldResourceID);
mapKeyProvider(newResourceID, provider);
}
return true;
}
//
// Instance methods:
//
/**
* Creates a new {@code KeyManager}.
* This class does not map any key provider types.
* This must be done in the subclass using {@link #mapKeyProviderType}.
*/
public KeyManager() {
}
/**
* Subclasses must use this method to register default implementation
* classes for the interfaces {@link KeyProvider} and {@link AesKeyProvider}
* and optionally other subinterfaces or subclasses of
* {@code KeyProvider}.
* This is best done in the constructor of the subclass.
*
* @param forKeyProviderType The type which shall be substituted with
* {@code useKeyProviderType} when determining a suitable
* run time type in {@code getKeyProvider(String, Class)}.
* @param useKeyProviderType The type which shall be substituted for
* {@code forKeyProviderType} when determining a suitable
* run time type in {@code getKeyProvider(String, Class)}.
* @throws NullPointerException If any of the parameters is
* {@code null}.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException If {@code forKeyProviderType}
* is not assignment compatible to the {@code KeyProvider}
* interface,
* or if {@code useKeyProviderType} is the same as
* {@code forKeyProviderType},
* or if {@code useKeyProviderType} is not assignment
* compatible to {@code forKeyProviderType},
* or if {@code useKeyProviderType} does not provide a
* public constructor with no parameters.
* @see #getKeyProvider(String, Class)
* @since TrueZIP 6.1
*/
protected final synchronized void mapKeyProviderType(
final Class forKeyProviderType,
final Class useKeyProviderType) {
if (!KeyProvider.class.isAssignableFrom(forKeyProviderType)
|| !forKeyProviderType.isAssignableFrom(useKeyProviderType)
|| forKeyProviderType == useKeyProviderType)
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
useKeyProviderType.getName()
+ " must be a subclass or implementation of "
+ forKeyProviderType.getName() + "!");
try {
useKeyProviderType.getConstructor(null);
} catch (NoSuchMethodException noPublicNullaryConstructor) {
final IllegalArgumentException iae = new IllegalArgumentException(
useKeyProviderType.getName() + " (no public nullary constructor)");
iae.initCause(noPublicNullaryConstructor);
throw iae;
}
providerTypes.put(forKeyProviderType, useKeyProviderType);
}
/**
* Equivalent to {@code return {@link #getKeyProvider(String, Class)
* getKeyProvider(resourceID, KeyProvider.class)};} - provided for
* convenience.
*
* @deprecated Use #getKeyProvider(String, Class) instead.
*/
public KeyProvider getKeyProvider(String resourceID) {
return getKeyProvider(resourceID, KeyProvider.class);
}
/**
* Returns the {@link KeyProvider} for the given resource identifier.
* If no key provider is mapped, this key manager will determine an
* appropriate class which is assignment compatible to
* {@code keyProviderType} (but is not necessarily the same),
* instantiate it, map the instance for the protected resource and return
* it.
*
* Client applications should specify an interface rather than an
* implementation as the {@code keyProviderType} in order to allow
* the key manager to instantiate a useful default implementation of this
* interface unless another key provider was already mapped for the
* protected resource.
*
* Example:
* The following example asks the default key manager to provide a
* suitable implementation of the {@link AesKeyProvider} interface
* for a protected resource.
*
* String pathname = file.getCanonicalPath();
* KeyManager km = KeyManager.getInstance();
* KeyProvider kp = km.getKeyProvider(pathname, AesKeyProvider.class);
* Object key = kp.getCreateKey(); // may prompt the user
* int ks;
* if (kp instanceof AesKeyProvider) {
* // The run time type of the implementing class is determined
* // by the key manager.
* // Anyway, the AES key provider can be safely asked for a cipher
* // key strength.
* ks = ((AesKeyProvider) kp).getKeyStrength();
* } else {
* // Unfortunately, another key provider was already mapped for the
* // pathname before - use default key strength.
* ks = AesKeyProvider.KEY_STRENGTH_256;
* }
* .
*
* @param resourceID The identifier of the protected resource.
* @param keyProviderType Unless another key provider is already mapped
* for the protected resource, this denotes the root of the class
* hierarchy to which the run time type of the returned instance
* may belong.
* In case the key manager does not know a more suitable class in
* this hierarchy, this parameter must denote an implementation of
* the {@link KeyProvider} interface with a public no-argument
* constructor.
* @return The {@link KeyProvider} mapped for the protected resource.
* If no key provider has been previously mapped for the protected
* resource, the run time type of this instance is guaranteed to be
* assignment compatible to the given {@code keyProviderType}.
* @throws NullPointerException If {@code resourceID} or
* {@code keyProviderType} is {@code null}.
* @throws ClassCastException If no other key provider is mapped for the
* protected resource and the given class is not an implementation
* of the {@code KeyProvider} interface.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException If any other precondition on the
* parameter {@code keyProviderType} does not hold.
* @see #getInstance
*/
public synchronized KeyProvider getKeyProvider(
final String resourceID,
Class keyProviderType)
throws NullPointerException, ClassCastException, IllegalArgumentException {
if (resourceID == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
synchronized (KeyManager.class) {
KeyProvider provider = (KeyProvider) providers.get(resourceID);
if (provider == null) {
final Class subst = (Class) providerTypes.get(keyProviderType);
if (subst != null)
keyProviderType = subst;
try {
provider = (KeyProvider) keyProviderType.newInstance();
} catch (InstantiationException failure) {
IllegalArgumentException iae = new IllegalArgumentException(
keyProviderType.getName());
iae.initCause(failure);
throw iae;
} catch (IllegalAccessException failure) {
IllegalArgumentException iae = new IllegalArgumentException(
keyProviderType.getName());
iae.initCause(failure);
throw iae;
}
setKeyProvider(resourceID, provider);
}
return provider;
}
}
/**
* Sets the key provider programmatically.
*
* Warning: This method replaces any key provider previously
* associated with the given resource ID and installs it as the return
* value for {@link #getKeyProvider}.
* While this allows a reasonable level of flexibility, it may easily
* confuse users if they have already been prompted for a key by the
* previous provider before and may negatively affect the security if the
* provider is not properly guarded by the application.
* Use with caution only!
*
* If you are using this method in order to set the key provider for a
* RAES encrypted ZIP file, then the resource ID must be the canonical
* or at least absolute path of this file -
* see {@link de.schlichtherle.io.File#getCanOrAbsPath}.
*
* @param resourceID The resource identifier to associate the key
* provider with.
* For an RAES encrypted ZIP file, this must be the canonical
* path name of the archive file.
* @param provider The key provider for {@code resourceID}.
* For an RAES encrypted ZIP file, this must be an instance of
* the {@link AesKeyProvider} interface.
* @throws NullPointerException If {@code resourceID} or
* {@code provider} is {@code null}.
* @throws IllegalStateException If mapping this instance is prohibited
* by a constraint in a subclass of {@link AbstractKeyProvider}.
* Please refer to the respective subclass documentation for
* more information about its constraint(s).
*/
public void setKeyProvider(
final String resourceID,
final KeyProvider provider)
throws NullPointerException, IllegalStateException {
/*if (resourceID == null || provider == null)
throw new NullPointerException();*/
if (provider instanceof AbstractKeyProvider) {
((AbstractKeyProvider) provider).addToKeyManager(resourceID);
} else {
mapKeyProvider(resourceID, provider);
}
}
}