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/*
 * Copyright 1999-2004 The Apache Software Foundation.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

/* $Id: HyphenationTree.java 3117 2008-01-31 05:53:22Z xlv $ */

package com.aowagie.text.pdf.hyphenation;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;

/**
 * This tree structure stores the hyphenation patterns in an efficient
 * way for fast lookup. It provides the provides the method to
 * hyphenate a word.
 *
 * @author Carlos Villegas ([email protected])
 */
class HyphenationTree extends TernaryTree
            implements PatternConsumer {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -7763254239309429432L;

	/**
     * value space: stores the interletter values
     */
    private final ByteVector vspace;

    /**
     * This map stores hyphenation exceptions
     */
    private final HashMap stoplist;

    /**
     * This map stores the character classes
     */
    private final TernaryTree classmap;

    /**
     * Temporary map to store interletter values on pattern loading.
     */
    private transient TernaryTree ivalues;

    public HyphenationTree() {
        this.stoplist = new LinkedHashMap(23);    // usually a small table
        this.classmap = new TernaryTree();
        this.vspace = new ByteVector();
        this.vspace.alloc(1);    // this reserves index 0, which we don't use
    }

    /**
     * Packs the values by storing them in 4 bits, two values into a byte
     * Values range is from 0 to 9. We use zero as terminator,
     * so we'll add 1 to the value.
     * @param values a string of digits from '0' to '9' representing the
     * interletter values.
     * @return the index into the vspace array where the packed values
     * are stored.
     */
    private int packValues(final String values) {
        int i;
		final int n = values.length();
        final int m = (n & 1) == 1 ? (n >> 1) + 2 : (n >> 1) + 1;
        final int offset = this.vspace.alloc(m);
        final byte[] va = this.vspace.getArray();
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            final int j = i >> 1;
            final byte v = (byte)(values.charAt(i) - '0' + 1 & 0x0f);
            if ((i & 1) == 1) {
                va[j + offset] = (byte)(va[j + offset] | v);
            } else {
                va[j + offset] = (byte)(v << 4);    // big endian
            }
        }
        va[m - 1 + offset] = 0;    // terminator
        return offset;
    }



    void loadSimplePatterns(final InputStream stream) {
        final SimplePatternParser pp = new SimplePatternParser();
        this.ivalues = new TernaryTree();

        pp.parse(stream, this);

        // patterns/values should be now in the tree
        // let's optimize a bit
        trimToSize();
        this.vspace.trimToSize();
        this.classmap.trimToSize();

        // get rid of the auxiliary map
        this.ivalues = null;
    }




    /**
     * String compare, returns 0 if equal or
     * t is a substring of s
     */
    private int hstrcmp(final char[] s, int si, final char[] t, int ti) {
        for (; s[si] == t[ti]; si++, ti++) {
            if (s[si] == 0) {
                return 0;
            }
        }
        if (t[ti] == 0) {
            return 0;
        }
        return s[si] - t[ti];
    }

    private byte[] getValues(int k) {
        final StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
        byte v = this.vspace.get(k++);
        while (v != 0) {
            char c = (char)((v >>> 4) - 1);
            buf.append(c);
            c = (char)(v & 0x0f);
            if (c == 0) {
                break;
            }
            c = (char)(c - 1);
            buf.append(c);
            v = this.vspace.get(k++);
        }
        final byte[] res = new byte[buf.length()];
        for (int i = 0; i < res.length; i++) {
            res[i] = (byte)buf.charAt(i);
        }
        return res;
    }

    /**
     * 

Search for all possible partial matches of word starting * at index an update interletter values. In other words, it * does something like:

* * for(i=0; i *

But it is done in an efficient way since the patterns are * stored in a ternary tree. In fact, this is the whole purpose * of having the tree: doing this search without having to test * every single pattern. The number of patterns for languages * such as English range from 4000 to 10000. Thus, doing thousands * of string comparisons for each word to hyphenate would be * really slow without the tree. The tradeoff is memory, but * using a ternary tree instead of a trie, almost halves the * the memory used by Lout or TeX. It's also faster than using * a hash table

* @param word null terminated word to match * @param index start index from word * @param il interletter values array to update */ private void searchPatterns(final char[] word, final int index, final byte[] il) { byte[] values; int i = index; char p, q; char sp = word[i]; p = this.root; while (p > 0 && p < this.sc.length) { if (this.sc[p] == 0xFFFF) { if (hstrcmp(word, i, this.kv.getArray(), this.lo[p]) == 0) { values = getValues(this.eq[p]); // data pointer is in eq[] int j = index; for (final byte value : values) { if (j < il.length && value > il[j]) { il[j] = value; } j++; } } return; } final int d = sp - this.sc[p]; if (d == 0) { if (sp == 0) { break; } sp = word[++i]; p = this.eq[p]; q = p; // look for a pattern ending at this position by searching for // the null char ( splitchar == 0 ) while (q > 0 && q < this.sc.length) { if (this.sc[q] == 0xFFFF) { // stop at compressed branch break; } if (this.sc[q] == 0) { values = getValues(this.eq[q]); int j = index; for (final byte value : values) { if (j < il.length && value > il[j]) { il[j] = value; } j++; } break; } else { q = this.lo[q]; /** * actually the code should be: * q = sc[q] < 0 ? hi[q] : lo[q]; * but java chars are unsigned */ } } } else { p = d < 0 ? this.lo[p] : this.hi[p]; } } } /** * Hyphenate word and return a Hyphenation object. * @param word the word to be hyphenated * @param remainCharCount Minimum number of characters allowed * before the hyphenation point. * @param pushCharCount Minimum number of characters allowed after * the hyphenation point. * @return a {@link Hyphenation Hyphenation} object representing * the hyphenated word or null if word is not hyphenated. */ Hyphenation hyphenate(final String word, final int remainCharCount, final int pushCharCount) { final char[] w = word.toCharArray(); return hyphenate(w, 0, w.length, remainCharCount, pushCharCount); } /** * w = "****nnllllllnnn*****", * where n is a non-letter, l is a letter, * all n may be absent, the first n is at offset, * the first l is at offset + iIgnoreAtBeginning; * word = ".llllll.'\0'***", * where all l in w are copied into word. * In the first part of the routine len = w.length, * in the second part of the routine len = word.length. * Three indices are used: * index(w), the index in w, * index(word), the index in word, * letterindex(word), the index in the letter part of word. * The following relations exist: * index(w) = offset + i - 1 * index(word) = i - iIgnoreAtBeginning * letterindex(word) = index(word) - 1 * (see first loop). * It follows that: * index(w) - index(word) = offset - 1 + iIgnoreAtBeginning * index(w) = letterindex(word) + offset + iIgnoreAtBeginning */ /** * Hyphenate word and return an array of hyphenation points. * @param w char array that contains the word * @param offset Offset to first character in word * @param len Length of word * @param remainCharCount Minimum number of characters allowed * before the hyphenation point. * @param pushCharCount Minimum number of characters allowed after * the hyphenation point. * @return a {@link Hyphenation Hyphenation} object representing * the hyphenated word or null if word is not hyphenated. */ private Hyphenation hyphenate(final char[] w, final int offset, int len, final int remainCharCount, final int pushCharCount) { int i; final char[] word = new char[len + 3]; // normalize word final char[] c = new char[2]; int iIgnoreAtBeginning = 0; int iLength = len; boolean bEndOfLetters = false; for (i = 1; i <= len; i++) { c[0] = w[offset + i - 1]; final int nc = this.classmap.find(c, 0); if (nc < 0) { // found a non-letter character ... if (i == 1 + iIgnoreAtBeginning) { // ... before any letter character iIgnoreAtBeginning ++; } else { // ... after a letter character bEndOfLetters = true; } iLength --; } else { if (!bEndOfLetters) { word[i - iIgnoreAtBeginning] = (char)nc; } else { return null; } } } len = iLength; if (len < remainCharCount + pushCharCount) { // word is too short to be hyphenated return null; } final int[] result = new int[len + 1]; int k = 0; // check exception list first final String sw = new String(word, 1, len); if (this.stoplist.containsKey(sw)) { // assume only simple hyphens (Hyphen.pre="-", Hyphen.post = Hyphen.no = null) final ArrayList hw = (ArrayList)this.stoplist.get(sw); int j = 0; for (i = 0; i < hw.size(); i++) { final Object o = hw.get(i); // j = index(sw) = letterindex(word)? // result[k] = corresponding index(w) if (o instanceof String) { j += ((String)o).length(); if (j >= remainCharCount && j < len - pushCharCount) { result[k++] = j + iIgnoreAtBeginning; } } } } else { // use algorithm to get hyphenation points word[0] = '.'; // word start marker word[len + 1] = '.'; // word end marker word[len + 2] = 0; // null terminated final byte[] il = new byte[len + 3]; // initialized to zero for (i = 0; i < len + 1; i++) { searchPatterns(word, i, il); } // hyphenation points are located where interletter value is odd // i is letterindex(word), // i + 1 is index(word), // result[k] = corresponding index(w) for (i = 0; i < len; i++) { if ((il[i + 1] & 1) == 1 && i >= remainCharCount && i <= len - pushCharCount) { result[k++] = i + iIgnoreAtBeginning; } } } if (k > 0) { // trim result array final int[] res = new int[k]; System.arraycopy(result, 0, res, 0, k); return new Hyphenation(new String(w, offset, len), res); } else { return null; } } /** * Add a character class to the tree. It is used by * {@link SimplePatternParser SimplePatternParser} as callback to * add character classes. Character classes define the * valid word characters for hyphenation. If a word contains * a character not defined in any of the classes, it is not hyphenated. * It also defines a way to normalize the characters in order * to compare them with the stored patterns. Usually pattern * files use only lower case characters, in this case a class * for letter 'a', for example, should be defined as "aA", the first * character being the normalization char. */ @Override public void addClass(final String chargroup) { if (chargroup.length() > 0) { final char equivChar = chargroup.charAt(0); final char[] key = new char[2]; key[1] = 0; for (int i = 0; i < chargroup.length(); i++) { key[0] = chargroup.charAt(i); this.classmap.insert(key, 0, equivChar); } } } /** * Add an exception to the tree. It is used by * {@link SimplePatternParser SimplePatternParser} class as callback to * store the hyphenation exceptions. * @param word normalized word * @param hyphenatedword a vector of alternating strings and * {@link Hyphen hyphen} objects. */ @Override public void addException(final String word, final ArrayList hyphenatedword) { this.stoplist.put(word, hyphenatedword); } /** * Add a pattern to the tree. Mainly, to be used by * {@link SimplePatternParser SimplePatternParser} class as callback to * add a pattern to the tree. * @param pattern the hyphenation pattern * @param ivalue interletter weight values indicating the * desirability and priority of hyphenating at a given point * within the pattern. It should contain only digit characters. * (i.e. '0' to '9'). */ @Override public void addPattern(final String pattern, final String ivalue) { int k = this.ivalues.find(ivalue); if (k <= 0) { k = packValues(ivalue); this.ivalues.insert(ivalue, (char)k); } insert(pattern, (char)k); } @Override public void printStats() { System.out.println("Value space size = " + Integer.toString(this.vspace.length())); super.printStats(); } }




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