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/**
* Copyright (C) 2009-2016 Lightbend Inc.
*/
package akka.actor
import akka.AkkaException
import akka.event.LoggingAdapter
import scala.annotation.tailrec
import scala.beans.BeanProperty
import scala.util.control.NoStackTrace
/**
* INTERNAL API
*
* Marker trait to show which Messages are automatically handled by Akka
*/
private[akka] trait AutoReceivedMessage extends Serializable
/**
* Marker trait to indicate that a message might be potentially harmful,
* this is used to block messages coming in over remoting.
*/
trait PossiblyHarmful
/**
* Marker trait to signal that this class should not be verified for serializability.
*/
trait NoSerializationVerificationNeeded
abstract class PoisonPill extends AutoReceivedMessage with PossiblyHarmful with DeadLetterSuppression
/**
* A message all Actors will understand, that when processed will terminate the Actor permanently.
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
case object PoisonPill extends PoisonPill {
/**
* Java API: get the singleton instance
*/
def getInstance = this
}
abstract class Kill extends AutoReceivedMessage with PossiblyHarmful
/**
* A message all Actors will understand, that when processed will make the Actor throw an ActorKilledException,
* which will trigger supervision.
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
case object Kill extends Kill {
/**
* Java API: get the singleton instance
*/
def getInstance = this
}
/**
* A message all Actors will understand, that when processed will reply with
* [[akka.actor.ActorIdentity]] containing the `ActorRef`. The `messageId`
* is returned in the `ActorIdentity` message as `correlationId`.
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
final case class Identify(messageId: Any) extends AutoReceivedMessage with NotInfluenceReceiveTimeout
/**
* Reply to [[akka.actor.Identify]]. Contains
* `Some(ref)` with the `ActorRef` of the actor replying to the request or
* `None` if no actor matched the request.
* The `correlationId` is taken from the `messageId` in
* the `Identify` message.
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
final case class ActorIdentity(correlationId: Any, ref: Option[ActorRef]) {
/**
* Java API: `ActorRef` of the actor replying to the request or
* null if no actor matched the request.
*/
def getRef: ActorRef = ref.orNull
}
/**
* When Death Watch is used, the watcher will receive a Terminated(watched)
* message when watched is terminated.
* Terminated message can't be forwarded to another actor, since that actor
* might not be watching the subject. Instead, if you need to forward Terminated
* to another actor you should send the information in your own message.
*
* @param actor the watched actor that terminated
* @param existenceConfirmed is false when the Terminated message was not sent
* directly from the watched actor, but derived from another source, such as
* when watching a non-local ActorRef, which might not have been resolved
* @param addressTerminated the Terminated message was derived from
* that the remote node hosting the watched actor was detected as unreachable
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
final case class Terminated private[akka] (@BeanProperty actor: ActorRef)(
@BeanProperty val existenceConfirmed: Boolean,
@BeanProperty val addressTerminated: Boolean)
extends AutoReceivedMessage with PossiblyHarmful with DeadLetterSuppression
/**
* INTERNAL API
*
* Used for remote death watch. Failure detector publish this to the
* [[akka.event.AddressTerminatedTopic]] when a remote node is detected to be unreachable and/or decided to
* be removed.
* The watcher ([[akka.actor.dungeon.DeathWatch]]) subscribes to the `AddressTerminatedTopic`
* and translates this event to [[akka.actor.Terminated]], which is sent itself.
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
private[akka] final case class AddressTerminated(address: Address)
extends AutoReceivedMessage with PossiblyHarmful with DeadLetterSuppression
abstract class ReceiveTimeout extends PossiblyHarmful
/**
* When using ActorContext.setReceiveTimeout, the singleton instance of ReceiveTimeout will be sent
* to the Actor when there hasn't been any message for that long.
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
case object ReceiveTimeout extends ReceiveTimeout {
/**
* Java API: get the singleton instance
*/
def getInstance = this
}
/**
* Marker trait to indicate that a message should not reset the receive timeout.
*/
trait NotInfluenceReceiveTimeout
/**
* IllegalActorStateException is thrown when a core invariant in the Actor implementation has been violated.
* For instance, if you try to create an Actor that doesn't extend Actor.
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
final case class IllegalActorStateException private[akka] (message: String) extends AkkaException(message)
/**
* ActorKilledException is thrown when an Actor receives the [[akka.actor.Kill]] message
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
final case class ActorKilledException private[akka] (message: String) extends AkkaException(message) with NoStackTrace
/**
* An InvalidActorNameException is thrown when you try to convert something, usually a String, to an Actor name
* which doesn't validate.
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
final case class InvalidActorNameException(message: String) extends AkkaException(message)
/**
* An ActorInitializationException is thrown when the initialization logic for an Actor fails.
*
* There is an extractor which works for ActorInitializationException and its subtypes:
*
* {{{
* ex match {
* case ActorInitializationException(actor, message, cause) => ...
* }
* }}}
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
class ActorInitializationException protected (actor: ActorRef, message: String, cause: Throwable)
extends AkkaException(ActorInitializationException.enrichedMessage(actor, message), cause) {
def getActor: ActorRef = actor
}
object ActorInitializationException {
private def enrichedMessage(actor: ActorRef, message: String) =
if (actor == null) message else s"${actor.path}: $message"
private[akka] def apply(actor: ActorRef, message: String, cause: Throwable = null): ActorInitializationException =
new ActorInitializationException(actor, message, cause)
private[akka] def apply(message: String): ActorInitializationException = new ActorInitializationException(null, message, null)
def unapply(ex: ActorInitializationException): Option[(ActorRef, String, Throwable)] = Some((ex.getActor, ex.getMessage, ex.getCause))
}
/**
* A PreRestartException is thrown when the preRestart() method failed; this
* exception is not propagated to the supervisor, as it originates from the
* already failed instance, hence it is only visible as log entry on the event
* stream.
*
* @param actor is the actor whose preRestart() hook failed
* @param cause is the exception thrown by that actor within preRestart()
* @param originalCause is the exception which caused the restart in the first place
* @param messageOption is the message which was optionally passed into preRestart()
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
final case class PreRestartException private[akka] (actor: ActorRef, cause: Throwable, originalCause: Throwable, messageOption: Option[Any])
extends ActorInitializationException(
actor,
"exception in preRestart(" +
(if (originalCause == null) "null" else originalCause.getClass) + ", " +
(messageOption match { case Some(m: AnyRef) ⇒ m.getClass; case _ ⇒ "None" }) +
")", cause)
/**
* A PostRestartException is thrown when constructor or postRestart() method
* fails during a restart attempt.
*
* @param actor is the actor whose constructor or postRestart() hook failed
* @param cause is the exception thrown by that actor within preRestart()
* @param originalCause is the exception which caused the restart in the first place
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
final case class PostRestartException private[akka] (actor: ActorRef, cause: Throwable, originalCause: Throwable)
extends ActorInitializationException(
actor,
"exception post restart (" + (if (originalCause == null) "null" else originalCause.getClass) + ")", cause)
/**
* This is an extractor for retrieving the original cause (i.e. the first
* failure) from a [[akka.actor.PostRestartException]]. In the face of multiple
* “nested” restarts it will walk the origCause-links until it arrives at a
* non-PostRestartException type.
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
object OriginalRestartException {
def unapply(ex: PostRestartException): Option[Throwable] = {
@tailrec def rec(ex: PostRestartException): Option[Throwable] = ex match {
case PostRestartException(_, _, e: PostRestartException) ⇒ rec(e)
case PostRestartException(_, _, e) ⇒ Some(e)
}
rec(ex)
}
}
/**
* InvalidMessageException is thrown when an invalid message is sent to an Actor;
* Currently only `null` is an invalid message.
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
final case class InvalidMessageException private[akka] (message: String) extends AkkaException(message)
/**
* A DeathPactException is thrown by an Actor that receives a Terminated(someActor) message
* that it doesn't handle itself, effectively crashing the Actor and escalating to the supervisor.
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
final case class DeathPactException private[akka] (dead: ActorRef)
extends AkkaException("Monitored actor [" + dead + "] terminated")
with NoStackTrace
/**
* When an InterruptedException is thrown inside an Actor, it is wrapped as an ActorInterruptedException as to
* avoid cascading interrupts to other threads than the originally interrupted one.
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
class ActorInterruptedException private[akka] (cause: Throwable) extends AkkaException(cause.getMessage, cause)
/**
* This message is published to the EventStream whenever an Actor receives a message it doesn't understand
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
final case class UnhandledMessage(@BeanProperty message: Any, @BeanProperty sender: ActorRef, @BeanProperty recipient: ActorRef)
/**
* Classes for passing status back to the sender.
* Used for internal ACKing protocol. But exposed as utility class for user-specific ACKing protocols as well.
*/
object Status {
sealed trait Status extends Serializable
/**
* This class/message type is preferably used to indicate success of some operation performed.
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
final case class Success(status: Any) extends Status
/**
* This class/message type is preferably used to indicate failure of some operation performed.
* As an example, it is used to signal failure with AskSupport is used (ask/?).
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
final case class Failure(cause: Throwable) extends Status
}
/**
* Scala API: Mix in ActorLogging into your Actor to easily obtain a reference to a logger,
* which is available under the name "log".
*
* {{{
* class MyActor extends Actor with ActorLogging {
* def receive = {
* case "pigdog" => log.info("We've got yet another pigdog on our hands")
* }
* }
* }}}
*/
trait ActorLogging { this: Actor ⇒
private var _log: LoggingAdapter = _
def log: LoggingAdapter = {
// only used in Actor, i.e. thread safe
if (_log eq null)
_log = akka.event.Logging(context.system, this)
_log
}
}
/**
* Scala API: Mix in DiagnosticActorLogging into your Actor to easily obtain a reference to a logger with MDC support,
* which is available under the name "log".
* In the example bellow "the one who knocks" will be available under the key "iam" for using it in the logback pattern.
*
* {{{
* class MyActor extends Actor with DiagnosticActorLogging {
*
* override def mdc(currentMessage: Any): MDC = {
* Map("iam", "the one who knocks")
* }
*
* def receive = {
* case "pigdog" => log.info("We've got yet another pigdog on our hands")
* }
* }
* }}}
*/
trait DiagnosticActorLogging extends Actor {
import akka.event.Logging._
val log = akka.event.Logging(this)
def mdc(currentMessage: Any): MDC = emptyMDC
override protected[akka] def aroundReceive(receive: Actor.Receive, msg: Any): Unit = try {
log.mdc(mdc(msg))
super.aroundReceive(receive, msg)
} finally {
log.clearMDC()
}
}
object Actor {
/**
* Type alias representing a Receive-expression for Akka Actors.
*/
//#receive
type Receive = PartialFunction[Any, Unit]
//#receive
/**
* emptyBehavior is a Receive-expression that matches no messages at all, ever.
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
object emptyBehavior extends Receive {
def isDefinedAt(x: Any) = false
def apply(x: Any) = throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Empty behavior apply()")
}
/**
* ignoringBehavior is a Receive-expression that consumes and ignores all messages.
*/
@SerialVersionUID(1L)
object ignoringBehavior extends Receive {
def isDefinedAt(x: Any): Boolean = true
def apply(x: Any): Unit = ()
}
/**
* Default placeholder (null) used for "!" to indicate that there is no sender of the message,
* that will be translated to the receiving system's deadLetters.
*/
final val noSender: ActorRef = null
}
/**
* Actor base trait that should be extended by or mixed to create an Actor with the semantics of the 'Actor Model':
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model
*
* An actor has a well-defined (non-cyclic) life-cycle.
* - ''RUNNING'' (created and started actor) - can receive messages
* - ''SHUTDOWN'' (when 'stop' is invoked) - can't do anything
*
* The Actor's own [[akka.actor.ActorRef]] is available as `self`, the current
* message’s sender as `sender()` and the [[akka.actor.ActorContext]] as
* `context`. The only abstract method is `receive` which shall return the
* initial behavior of the actor as a partial function (behavior can be changed
* using `context.become` and `context.unbecome`).
*
* This is the Scala API (hence the Scala code below), for the Java API see [[akka.actor.UntypedActor]].
*
* {{{
* class ExampleActor extends Actor {
*
* override val supervisorStrategy = OneForOneStrategy(maxNrOfRetries = 10, withinTimeRange = 1 minute) {
* case _: ArithmeticException => Resume
* case _: NullPointerException => Restart
* case _: IllegalArgumentException => Stop
* case _: Exception => Escalate
* }
*
* def receive = {
* // directly calculated reply
* case Request(r) => sender() ! calculate(r)
*
* // just to demonstrate how to stop yourself
* case Shutdown => context.stop(self)
*
* // error kernel with child replying directly to 'sender()'
* case Dangerous(r) => context.actorOf(Props[ReplyToOriginWorker]).tell(PerformWork(r), sender())
*
* // error kernel with reply going through us
* case OtherJob(r) => context.actorOf(Props[ReplyToMeWorker]) ! JobRequest(r, sender())
* case JobReply(result, orig_s) => orig_s ! result
* }
* }
* }}}
*
* The last line demonstrates the essence of the error kernel design: spawn
* one-off actors which terminate after doing their job, pass on `sender()` to
* allow direct reply if that is what makes sense, or round-trip the sender
* as shown with the fictitious JobRequest/JobReply message pair.
*
* If you don’t like writing `context` you can always `import context._` to get
* direct access to `actorOf`, `stop` etc. This is not default in order to keep
* the name-space clean.
*/
trait Actor {
// to make type Receive known in subclasses without import
type Receive = Actor.Receive
/**
* Stores the context for this actor, including self, and sender.
* It is implicit to support operations such as `forward`.
*
* WARNING: Only valid within the Actor itself, so do not close over it and
* publish it to other threads!
*
* [[akka.actor.ActorContext]] is the Scala API. `getContext` returns a
* [[akka.actor.UntypedActorContext]], which is the Java API of the actor
* context.
*/
implicit val context: ActorContext = {
val contextStack = ActorCell.contextStack.get
if ((contextStack.isEmpty) || (contextStack.head eq null))
throw ActorInitializationException(
s"You cannot create an instance of [${getClass.getName}] explicitly using the constructor (new). " +
"You have to use one of the 'actorOf' factory methods to create a new actor. See the documentation.")
val c = contextStack.head
ActorCell.contextStack.set(null :: contextStack)
c
}
/**
* The 'self' field holds the ActorRef for this actor.
*
* Can be used to send messages to itself:
*
* self ! message
*
*/
implicit final val self = context.self //MUST BE A VAL, TRUST ME
/**
* The reference sender Actor of the last received message.
* Is defined if the message was sent from another Actor,
* else `deadLetters` in [[akka.actor.ActorSystem]].
*
* WARNING: Only valid within the Actor itself, so do not close over it and
* publish it to other threads!
*/
final def sender(): ActorRef = context.sender()
/**
* This defines the initial actor behavior, it must return a partial function
* with the actor logic.
*/
//#receive
def receive: Actor.Receive
//#receive
/**
* INTERNAL API.
*
* Can be overridden to intercept calls to this actor's current behavior.
*
* @param receive current behavior.
* @param msg current message.
*/
protected[akka] def aroundReceive(receive: Actor.Receive, msg: Any): Unit = receive.applyOrElse(msg, unhandled)
/**
* Can be overridden to intercept calls to `preStart`. Calls `preStart` by default.
*/
protected[akka] def aroundPreStart(): Unit = preStart()
/**
* Can be overridden to intercept calls to `postStop`. Calls `postStop` by default.
*/
protected[akka] def aroundPostStop(): Unit = postStop()
/**
* Can be overridden to intercept calls to `preRestart`. Calls `preRestart` by default.
*/
protected[akka] def aroundPreRestart(reason: Throwable, message: Option[Any]): Unit = preRestart(reason, message)
/**
* Can be overridden to intercept calls to `postRestart`. Calls `postRestart` by default.
*/
protected[akka] def aroundPostRestart(reason: Throwable): Unit = postRestart(reason)
/**
* User overridable definition the strategy to use for supervising
* child actors.
*/
def supervisorStrategy: SupervisorStrategy = SupervisorStrategy.defaultStrategy
/**
* User overridable callback.
*
* Is called when an Actor is started.
* Actors are automatically started asynchronously when created.
* Empty default implementation.
*/
@throws(classOf[Exception]) // when changing this you MUST also change UntypedActorDocTest
//#lifecycle-hooks
def preStart(): Unit = ()
//#lifecycle-hooks
/**
* User overridable callback.
*
* Is called asynchronously after 'actor.stop()' is invoked.
* Empty default implementation.
*/
@throws(classOf[Exception]) // when changing this you MUST also change UntypedActorDocTest
//#lifecycle-hooks
def postStop(): Unit = ()
//#lifecycle-hooks
/**
* User overridable callback: '''By default it disposes of all children and then calls `postStop()`.'''
* @param reason the Throwable that caused the restart to happen
* @param message optionally the current message the actor processed when failing, if applicable
*
* Is called on a crashed Actor right BEFORE it is restarted to allow clean
* up of resources before Actor is terminated.
*/
@throws(classOf[Exception]) // when changing this you MUST also change UntypedActorDocTest
//#lifecycle-hooks
def preRestart(reason: Throwable, message: Option[Any]): Unit = {
context.children foreach { child ⇒
context.unwatch(child)
context.stop(child)
}
postStop()
}
//#lifecycle-hooks
/**
* User overridable callback: By default it calls `preStart()`.
* @param reason the Throwable that caused the restart to happen
*
* Is called right AFTER restart on the newly created Actor to allow reinitialization after an Actor crash.
*/
@throws(classOf[Exception]) // when changing this you MUST also change UntypedActorDocTest
//#lifecycle-hooks
def postRestart(reason: Throwable): Unit = {
preStart()
}
//#lifecycle-hooks
/**
* User overridable callback.
*
* Is called when a message isn't handled by the current behavior of the actor
* by default it fails with either a [[akka.actor.DeathPactException]] (in
* case of an unhandled [[akka.actor.Terminated]] message) or publishes an [[akka.actor.UnhandledMessage]]
* to the actor's system's [[akka.event.EventStream]]
*/
def unhandled(message: Any): Unit = {
message match {
case Terminated(dead) ⇒ throw new DeathPactException(dead)
case _ ⇒ context.system.eventStream.publish(UnhandledMessage(message, sender(), self))
}
}
}