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 *
 * Copyright (c) 2007-2012 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of either the GNU
 * General Public License Version 2 only ("GPL") or the Common Development
 * and Distribution License("CDDL") (collectively, the "License").  You
 * may not use this file except in compliance with the License.  You can
 * obtain a copy of the License at
 * https://glassfish.dev.java.net/public/CDDL+GPL_1_1.html
 * or packager/legal/LICENSE.txt.  See the License for the specific
 * language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
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 * file and include the License file at packager/legal/LICENSE.txt.
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 * GPL Classpath Exception:
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// Portions Copyright [2016-2017] [Payara Foundation and/or its affiliates]

package com.sun.enterprise.v3.server;

import com.sun.enterprise.module.Module;
import com.sun.enterprise.module.ModuleLifecycleListener;
import com.sun.enterprise.module.ModuleState;
import com.sun.enterprise.module.ModulesRegistry;
import com.sun.enterprise.module.common_impl.CompositeEnumeration;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.inject.Inject;
import org.glassfish.hk2.api.PostConstruct;
import org.glassfish.kernel.KernelLoggerInfo;
import org.jvnet.hk2.annotations.Service;

/**
 * This class is responsible for creating a ClassLoader that can
 * load classes exported by the system for public use. We call those classes public APIs and
 * the corresponding class loader is called APIClassLoader.
 * Such classes include Java EE API, AMX API, appserv-ext API, etc.
 * CommonClassLoader delegates to this class loader.
 * This class has a punch-in mechanism to do special handling of META-INF/mailcap and META-INF/services resources.
 *
 * @author [email protected]
 */
@Service
public class APIClassLoaderServiceImpl implements PostConstruct {

    /*
     * Implementation Note:
     * 1. This class currently depends on a special which is configured such that it can load all public APIs.
     * The APIClassLoader is a wrapper around such a module's loader. This is how we are indepdendent of
     * actual module system like OSGi. So far it has worked when we run in OSGi mode as well as when we run
     * in a single classpath mode.
     * 2. APIClassLoader maintains a blacklist, i.e., classes and resources that could not be loaded to avoid
     * unnecessary delegation. It flushes that list everytime a new bundle is installed in the system.
     * This takes care of performance problem in typical production use of GlassFish.
     *
     * TODO:
     * 1. We need to add an upper threshold for blacklist to avoid excessive use of memory.
     * 2. Externalize punch-in facility. We don't want to know about things like MAILCAP file in this class.
     */

    private ClassLoader theAPIClassLoader;
    
    @Inject
    ModulesRegistry mr;
    
    /**
     * This is the module that we delegate to.
     */
    private static final String APIExporterModuleName =
            "GlassFish-Application-Common-Module"; // NOI18N
    private static final String MAILCAP = "META-INF/mailcap";
    private static final String META_INF_SERVICES = "META-INF/services/"; // NOI18N

    private static final String PUNCHIN_MODULE_STATE_PROP =
            "glassfish.kernel.apicl.punchin.module.state"; // NOI18N

    // set to NEW to maintain backward compatibility. We should change it to RESOLVED after we have
    // done enough testing to make susre there are no regressions.
    public final ModuleState PUNCHIN_MODULE_STATE_DEFAULT_VALUE = ModuleState.NEW;

    private static final Enumeration EMPTY_URLS = new Enumeration() {

        @Override
        public boolean hasMoreElements() {
            return false;
        }

        @Override
        public URL nextElement() {
            throw new NoSuchElementException();
        }
    };
    final static Logger logger = KernelLoggerInfo.getLogger();
    private Module APIModule;

    @Override
    public void postConstruct() {
        try {
            createAPIClassLoader();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    private void createAPIClassLoader() throws IOException {

        APIModule = mr.getModules(APIExporterModuleName).iterator().next();
        assert (APIModule != null);
        final ClassLoader apiModuleLoader = APIModule.getClassLoader();
        /*
         * We don't directly retrun APIModule's class loader, because
         * that class loader does not delegate to the parent. Instead, it
         * relies on OSGi bundle or some such module implementation to load the classes. That behavior is
         * fine if we want to mimic underlying module system's classloading semantics. But, APIClassLoader has a
         * slightly different requirement. It has to use classic delegation model as well so that
         * deployed applications can use classes made available via extension class loader.
         * Since the parent of bundle classloader will have glassfish launching classes, felix or any other
         * OSGi framework classes and their dependencies, we don't want to delegate to such a class loader.
         * Instead, we delegate to JRE's extension class loader if we don't find any class via APIModuleLoader.
         * With this, user can actually embed a different version of Felix as part of their app.
         */
        theAPIClassLoader = new APIClassLoader(apiModuleLoader, getExtensionClassLoader());
        logger.logp(Level.FINE, "APIClassLoaderService", "createAPIClassLoader",
                "APIClassLoader = {0}", new Object[]{theAPIClassLoader});
    }

    private ClassLoader getExtensionClassLoader() {
        // check for micro boot classloader as it needs to be in the hierachy
        //if (Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getClass().getName().contains("LaunchedURLClassLoader")) {
        //    return Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
        //}
        
        if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
            return AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction() {
                @Override
                public ClassLoader run() {
                    return ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader().getParent();
                }
            });        
        } else {
            return ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader().getParent();
        }
    }

    public ClassLoader getAPIClassLoader() {
        return theAPIClassLoader;
    }

    private class APIClassLoader extends ClassLoader {

        // list of not found classes and resources.
        // the string represents resource name, so foo/Bar.class for foo.Bar
        private Set blacklist;
        private final ClassLoader apiModuleLoader;
        private ModuleState punchInModuleState = ModuleState.valueOf(System.getProperty(PUNCHIN_MODULE_STATE_PROP,
                PUNCHIN_MODULE_STATE_DEFAULT_VALUE.toString()));

        /**
         * This method takes two classloaders which is unusual. Both the class loaders are consulted,
         * so they both are delegates, but depending on the class/resource being requested, one is preferred
         * over the other. The second argument is the classic parent class loader, where as the first one
         * is the module system gateway classloader. For all java.* names, we consult only the parent loader.
         * For any other names, we first consult the gateway loader and then parent. See more comments in
         * {@link #loadClass(String)} method implementation of this class.
         * @param apiModuleLoader ClassLoader corresponding to the APIModule
         * @param parent ClassLoader that's consulted for all java.* classes and for classes
         * not found via apiModuleLoader
         */
        public APIClassLoader(ClassLoader apiModuleLoader, ClassLoader parent) {
            super(parent);
            this.apiModuleLoader = apiModuleLoader;
            blacklist = new HashSet();

            // add a listener to manage blacklist in APIClassLoader
            mr.register(new ModuleLifecycleListener() {
                @Override
                public void moduleInstalled(Module module) {
                    clearBlackList();
                }

                @Override
                public void moduleResolved(Module module) {
                }

                @Override
                public void moduleStarted(Module module) {
                }

                @Override
                public void moduleStopped(Module module) {
                }

                @Override
                public void moduleUpdated(Module module) {
                    clearBlackList();
                }
            });

        }

        @Override
        public Class loadClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
            return loadClass(name, false);
        }

        @Override
        protected synchronized Class loadClass(String name, boolean resolve) throws ClassNotFoundException {
            // First check if we know this can't be loaded
            final String resourceName = convertToResourceName(name);
            if (isBlackListed(resourceName)) {
                throw new ClassNotFoundException(name);
            }

            // Then check if the class has already been loaded
            Class c = findLoadedClass(name);
            if (c == null) {
                if (!name.startsWith("java.")) { // java classes always come from parent
                    try {
                        c = apiModuleLoader.loadClass(name); // we ignore the resolution flag
                    } catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
                        // punch in. find the provider class, no matter where we are.
                        Module m = mr.getProvidingModule(name);
                        if (m != null) {
                            if(select(m)) {
                                try {
                                    return m.getClassLoader().loadClass(name); // abort search if we fail to load.
                                }
                                catch(ClassNotFoundException e) {
                                    Throwable thr = e.getException();
                                    if(thr != null) {
                                        logger.log(Level.WARNING, "APIClassLoader.loadClass() caused exception", thr);
                                    }
                                    throw e;
                                }
                            } else {
                                logger.logp(Level.FINE, "APIClassLoaderServiceImpl$APIClassLoader", "loadClass",
                                        "Skipping loading {0} from module {1} as this module is not yet resolved.",
                                        new Object[]{name, m});
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (c == null) {
                    // Call super class implementation which takes care of
                    // delegating to parent.
                    try {
                        c = super.loadClass(name, resolve);
                    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                        addToBlackList(resourceName);
                        throw e;
                    }
                }
            }
            return c;
        }

        /**
         * Select this module if it meets punch-in criteria. At this point of implementation, the criteria is
         * very simple. It checks to see if the module's state is greater than equal to what is configured in
         * {@link #punchInModuleState}.
         * 
         * @param m
         * @return
         */
        private boolean select(Module m) {
            ModuleState state = m.getState();
            return state.compareTo(punchInModuleState) >= 0 && state != ModuleState.ERROR;
        }

        @Override
        public URL getResource(String name) {
            if (isBlackListed(name)) return null;
            URL url = null;
            if (!name.startsWith("java/")) {
                url = apiModuleLoader.getResource(name);
                if (url != null) {
                    return url;
                }

                // now punch-ins for various cases that require special handling
                if (name.equals(MAILCAP)) {
                    // punch in for META-INF/mailcap files.
                    // see issue #8426
                    for (Module m : mr.getModules()) {
                        if (!select(m)) continue;
                        if ((url = m.getClassLoader().getResource(name)) != null) {
                            return url;
                        }
                    }
                } else if(name.startsWith(META_INF_SERVICES)) {
                    // punch in to find the service loader from any module
                    // If this is a META-INF/services lookup, search in every
                    // modules that we know of.
                    String serviceName = name.substring(
                            META_INF_SERVICES.length());

                    for( Module m : mr.getModules() ) {
                        if (!select(m)) continue;
                        List list = m.getMetadata().getDescriptors(
                                serviceName);
                        if(!list.isEmpty()) {
                            return list.get(0);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            // Either requested resource belongs to java/ namespace or
            // it was not found in any of the bundles, so call
            // super class implementation which will delegate to parent.
            url = super.getResource(name);
            if (url == null) {
                addToBlackList(name);
            }
            return url;
        }

        /**
         * This method is required as {@link ClassLoader#getParent} is a privileged method
         */
        private ClassLoader getParent_() {
            if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
                return AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction() {
                    public ClassLoader run() {
                        return getParent();
                    }
                });
            } else {
                return getParent();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public Enumeration getResources(String name) throws IOException {
            List> enumerators = new ArrayList>();
            enumerators.add(findResources(name));
            if (getParent_() != null) {
                enumerators.add(getParent_().getResources(name));
            }
            return new CompositeEnumeration(enumerators);
        }

        // This method is needed to be compatible with ClassLoader implementation in IBM JRE.
        // In IBM JRE, ClassLoader.getResources() does not call parent.getResources(); instead it
        // recurssively calls findResources() for all parents in the delegation hierarchy.
        // See issue #16364 for details.
        @Override
        protected Enumeration findResources(String name) throws IOException {
            if (!name.startsWith("java/")) {
                List> enumerations = new ArrayList>();
                Enumeration apiResources = apiModuleLoader.getResources(name);
                if (apiResources.hasMoreElements()) {
                    enumerations.add(apiResources);
                }

                // now punch-ins for various cases that require special handling
                if (name.equals(MAILCAP)) {
                     // punch in for META-INF/mailcap files. see issue #8426
                    for (Module m : mr.getModules()) {
                        if (!select(m)) continue; // We don't look in unresolved modules
                        if (m == APIModule) continue; // we have already looked up resources in apiModuleLoader
                        enumerations.add(m.getClassLoader().getResources(name));
                    }
                } else if (name.startsWith(META_INF_SERVICES)) {
                    // punch in. find the service loader from any module
                    String serviceName = name.substring(META_INF_SERVICES.length());
                    List punchedInURLs = new ArrayList();
                    for (Module m : mr.getModules()) {
                        if (!select(m)) continue; // We don't look in modules that don't meet punch in criteria
                        if (m == APIModule) continue; // we have already looked up resources in apiModuleLoader
                        punchedInURLs.addAll(m.getMetadata().getDescriptors(serviceName));
                    }
                    if (!punchedInURLs.isEmpty()) {
                        enumerations.add(Collections.enumeration(punchedInURLs));
                    }
                }

                // now assemble the result and return
                switch (enumerations.size()) {
                    case 0:
                        return EMPTY_URLS;
                    case 1:
                        return enumerations.get(0);
                    default:
                        return new CompositeEnumeration(enumerations);
                }
            }
            return EMPTY_URLS;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "APIClassLoader";
        }

        /**
         * Takes a class name as used in Class.forName and converts it to a resource name as used in
         * ClassLoader.getResource
         *
         * @param className className to be converted
         * @return equivalent resource name
         */
        private String convertToResourceName(String className) {
            return className.replace('.', '/').concat(".class");
        }

        private synchronized boolean isBlackListed(String name) {
            return blacklist.contains(name);
        }

        private synchronized void addToBlackList(String name) {
            blacklist.add(name);
        }

        private synchronized void clearBlackList() {
            blacklist.clear();
        }

    }
}




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