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Java library for reading and writing FITS files. FITS, the Flexible Image Transport System, is the format commonly used in the archiving and transport of astronomical data.
/*
* #%L
* nom.tam FITS library
* %%
* Copyright (C) 2004 - 2024 nom-tam-fits
* %%
* This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
*
* Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or
* distribute this software, either in source code form or as a compiled
* binary, for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial, and by any
* means.
*
* In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors
* of this software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the
* software to the public domain. We make this dedication for the benefit
* of the public at large and to the detriment of our heirs and
* successors. We intend this dedication to be an overt act of
* relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to this
* software under copyright law.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
* MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
* OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
* ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
* OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
* #L%
*/
package nom.tam.fits;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.EOFException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import nom.tam.fits.FitsFactory.FitsSettings;
import nom.tam.fits.header.IFitsHeader;
import nom.tam.fits.header.NonStandard;
import nom.tam.fits.header.hierarch.IHierarchKeyFormatter;
import nom.tam.util.ArrayDataInput;
import nom.tam.util.AsciiFuncs;
import nom.tam.util.ComplexValue;
import nom.tam.util.CursorValue;
import nom.tam.util.FitsInputStream;
import nom.tam.util.FlexFormat;
import nom.tam.util.InputReader;
import static nom.tam.fits.header.Standard.BLANKS;
import static nom.tam.fits.header.Standard.COMMENT;
import static nom.tam.fits.header.Standard.CONTINUE;
import static nom.tam.fits.header.Standard.HISTORY;
/**
* An individual entry in the FITS header, such as a key/value pair with an optional comment field, or a comment-style
* entry without a value field.
*/
public class HeaderCard implements CursorValue, Cloneable {
private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(HeaderCard.class.getName());
/** The number of characters per header card (line). */
public static final int FITS_HEADER_CARD_SIZE = 80;
/** Maximum length of a FITS keyword field */
public static final int MAX_KEYWORD_LENGTH = 8;
/** The length of two single quotes that must surround string values. */
public static final int STRING_QUOTES_LENGTH = 2;
/** Maximum length of a FITS value field. */
public static final int MAX_VALUE_LENGTH = 70;
/** Maximum length of a comment-style card comment field. */
public static final int MAX_COMMENT_CARD_COMMENT_LENGTH = MAX_VALUE_LENGTH + 1;
/** Maximum length of a FITS string value field. */
public static final int MAX_STRING_VALUE_LENGTH = MAX_VALUE_LENGTH - 2;
/** Maximum length of a FITS long string value field. the & for the continuation needs one char. */
public static final int MAX_LONG_STRING_VALUE_LENGTH = MAX_STRING_VALUE_LENGTH - 1;
/** if a commend needs the be specified 2 extra chars are needed to start the comment */
public static final int MAX_LONG_STRING_VALUE_WITH_COMMENT_LENGTH = MAX_LONG_STRING_VALUE_LENGTH - 2;
/** Maximum HIERARCH keyword length (80 chars must fit [<keyword>=T] at minimum... */
public static final int MAX_HIERARCH_KEYWORD_LENGTH = FITS_HEADER_CARD_SIZE - 2;
/** The start and end quotes of the string and the ampasant to continue the string. */
public static final int MAX_LONG_STRING_CONTINUE_OVERHEAD = 3;
/** The first ASCII character that may be used in header records */
public static final char MIN_VALID_CHAR = 0x20;
/** The last ASCII character that may be used in header records */
public static final char MAX_VALID_CHAR = 0x7e;
/** The default keyword to use instead of null or any number of blanks. */
public static final String EMPTY_KEY = "";
/** The string "HIERARCH." */
private static final String HIERARCH_WITH_DOT = NonStandard.HIERARCH.key() + ".";
/** The keyword part of the card (set to null if there's no keyword) */
private String key;
/** The keyword part of the card (set to null if there's no value / empty string) */
private String value;
/** The comment part of the card (set to null if there's no comment) */
private String comment;
private IFitsHeader standardKey;
/**
* The Java class associated to the value
*
* @since 1.16
*/
private Class type;
/**
* Value type checking policies for when setting values for standardized keywords.
*
* @author Attila Kovacs
*
* @since 1.19
*/
public enum ValueCheck {
/** No value type checking will be performed */
NONE,
/** Attempting to set values of the wrong type for standardized keywords will log warnings */
LOGGING,
/** Throw exception when setting a value of the wrong type for a standardized keyword */
EXCEPTION
}
/**
* Default value type checking policy for cards with standardized {@link IFitsHeader} keywords.
*
* @since 1.19
*/
public static final ValueCheck DEFAULT_VALUE_CHECK_POLICY = ValueCheck.EXCEPTION;
private static ValueCheck valueCheck = DEFAULT_VALUE_CHECK_POLICY;
/** Private constructor for an empty card, used by other constructors. */
private HeaderCard() {
}
/**
* Creates a new header card, but reading from the specified data input stream. The card is expected to be describes
* by one or more 80-character wide header 'lines'. If long string support is not enabled, then a new card is
* created from the next 80-characters. When long string support is enabled, cunsecutive lines starting with
* [CONTINUE ] after the first line will be aggregated into a single new card.
*
* @param dis the data input stream
*
* @throws UnclosedQuoteException if the line contained an unclosed single quote.
* @throws TruncatedFileException if we reached the end of file unexpectedly before fully parsing an 80-character
* line.
* @throws IOException if there was some IO issue.
*
* @see FitsFactory#setLongStringsEnabled(boolean)
*/
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public HeaderCard(ArrayDataInput dis) throws UnclosedQuoteException, TruncatedFileException, IOException {
this(new HeaderCardCountingArrayDataInput(dis));
}
/**
* Creates a new header card, but reading from the specified data input. The card is expected to be describes by one
* or more 80-character wide header 'lines'. If long string support is not enabled, then a new card is created from
* the next 80-characters. When long string support is enabled, cunsecutive lines starting with
* [CONTINUE ] after the first line will be aggregated into a single new card.
*
* @deprecated (for internal use) Its visibility may be reduced or may be removed
* entirely in the future. Card counting should be internal to
* {@link HeaderCard}.
*
* @param dis the data input
*
* @throws UnclosedQuoteException if the line contained an unclosed single quote.
* @throws TruncatedFileException if we reached the end of file unexpectedly before fully parsing an
* 80-character line.
* @throws IOException if there was some IO issue.
*
* @see #HeaderCard(ArrayDataInput)
* @see FitsFactory#setLongStringsEnabled(boolean)
*/
@Deprecated
public HeaderCard(HeaderCardCountingArrayDataInput dis)
throws UnclosedQuoteException, TruncatedFileException, IOException {
this();
key = null;
value = null;
comment = null;
type = null;
String card = readOneHeaderLine(dis);
HeaderCardParser parsed = new HeaderCardParser(card);
// extract the key
key = parsed.getKey();
type = parsed.getInferredType();
if (FitsFactory.isLongStringsEnabled() && parsed.isString() && parsed.getValue().endsWith("&")) {
// Potentially a multi-record long string card...
parseLongStringCard(dis, parsed);
} else {
value = parsed.getValue();
type = parsed.getInferredType();
comment = parsed.getTrimmedComment();
}
}
/**
* Creates a new card with a number value. The card will be created either in the integer, fixed-decimal, or format,
* with the native precision. If the native precision cannot be fitted in the available card space, the value will
* be represented with reduced precision with at least {@link FlexFormat#DOUBLE_DECIMALS}. Trailing zeroes will be
* omitted.
*
* @param key keyword
* @param value value (can be null, in which case the card type defaults to
* Integer.class)
*
* @throws HeaderCardException for any invalid keyword or value.
*
* @since 1.16
*
* @see #HeaderCard(String, Number, String)
* @see #HeaderCard(String, Number, int, String)
* @see #create(IFitsHeader, Number)
* @see FitsFactory#setUseExponentD(boolean)
*/
public HeaderCard(String key, Number value) throws HeaderCardException {
this(key, value, FlexFormat.AUTO_PRECISION, null);
}
/**
* Creates a new card with a number value and a comment. The card will be created either in the integer,
* fixed-decimal, or format. If the native precision cannot be fitted in the available card space, the value will be
* represented with reduced precision with at least {@link FlexFormat#DOUBLE_DECIMALS}. Trailing zeroes will be
* omitted.
*
* @param key keyword
* @param value value (can be null, in which case the card type defaults to
* Integer.class)
* @param comment optional comment, or null
*
* @throws HeaderCardException for any invalid keyword or value
*
* @see #HeaderCard(String, Number)
* @see #HeaderCard(String, Number, int, String)
* @see #create(IFitsHeader, Number)
* @see FitsFactory#setUseExponentD(boolean)
*/
public HeaderCard(String key, Number value, String comment) throws HeaderCardException {
this(key, value, FlexFormat.AUTO_PRECISION, comment);
}
/**
* Creates a new card with a number value, using scientific notation, with up to the specified decimal places
* showing between the decimal place and the exponent. For example, if decimals is set to 2, then
* {@link Math#PI} gets formatted as 3.14E0 (or 3.14D0 if
* {@link FitsFactory#setUseExponentD(boolean)} is enabled).
*
* @param key keyword
* @param value value (can be null, in which case the card type defaults to
* Integer.class)
* @param decimals the number of decimal places to show in the scientific notation.
* @param comment optional comment, or null
*
* @throws HeaderCardException for any invalid keyword or value
*
* @see #HeaderCard(String, Number)
* @see #HeaderCard(String, Number, String)
* @see #create(IFitsHeader, Number)
* @see FitsFactory#setUseExponentD(boolean)
*/
public HeaderCard(String key, Number value, int decimals, String comment) throws HeaderCardException {
if (value == null) {
set(key, null, comment, Integer.class);
return;
}
try {
checkNumber(value);
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
throw new HeaderCardException("FITS headers may not contain NaN or Infinite values", e);
}
set(key, new FlexFormat().setWidth(spaceForValue(key)).setPrecision(decimals).format(value), comment,
value.getClass());
}
/**
* Creates a new card with a boolean value (and no comment).
*
* @param key keyword
* @param value value (can be null)
*
* @throws HeaderCardException for any invalid keyword
*
* @see #HeaderCard(String, Boolean, String)
* @see #create(IFitsHeader, Boolean)
*/
public HeaderCard(String key, Boolean value) throws HeaderCardException {
this(key, value, null);
}
/**
* Creates a new card with a boolean value, and a comment.
*
* @param key keyword
* @param value value (can be null)
* @param comment optional comment, or null
*
* @throws HeaderCardException for any invalid keyword or value
*
* @see #HeaderCard(String, Boolean)
* @see #create(IFitsHeader, Boolean)
*/
public HeaderCard(String key, Boolean value, String comment) throws HeaderCardException {
this(key, value == null ? null : (value ? "T" : "F"), comment, Boolean.class);
}
/**
* Creates a new card with a complex value. The real and imaginary parts will be shown either in the fixed decimal
* format or in the exponential notation, whichever preserves more digits, or else whichever is the more compact
* notation. Trailing zeroes will be omitted.
*
* @param key keyword
* @param value value (can be null)
*
* @throws HeaderCardException for any invalid keyword or value.
*
* @see #HeaderCard(String, ComplexValue, String)
* @see #HeaderCard(String, ComplexValue, int, String)
*/
public HeaderCard(String key, ComplexValue value) throws HeaderCardException {
this(key, value, null);
}
/**
* Creates a new card with a complex value and a comment. The real and imaginary parts will be shown either in the
* fixed decimal format or in the exponential notation, whichever preserves more digits, or else whichever is the
* more compact notation. Trailing zeroes will be omitted.
*
* @param key keyword
* @param value value (can be null)
* @param comment optional comment, or null
*
* @throws HeaderCardException for any invalid keyword or value.
*
* @see #HeaderCard(String, ComplexValue)
* @see #HeaderCard(String, ComplexValue, int, String)
*/
public HeaderCard(String key, ComplexValue value, String comment) throws HeaderCardException {
this();
if (value == null) {
set(key, null, comment, ComplexValue.class);
return;
}
if (!value.isFinite()) {
throw new HeaderCardException("Cannot represent " + value + " in FITS headers.");
}
set(key, value.toBoundedString(spaceForValue(key)), comment, ComplexValue.class);
}
/**
* Creates a new card with a complex number value, using scientific (exponential) notation, with up to the specified
* number of decimal places showing between the decimal point and the exponent. Trailing zeroes will be omitted. For
* example, if decimals is set to 2, then (π, 12) gets formatted as (3.14E0,1.2E1).
*
* @param key keyword
* @param value value (can be null)
* @param decimals the number of decimal places to show.
* @param comment optional comment, or null
*
* @throws HeaderCardException for any invalid keyword or value.
*
* @see #HeaderCard(String, ComplexValue)
* @see #HeaderCard(String, ComplexValue, String)
*/
public HeaderCard(String key, ComplexValue value, int decimals, String comment) throws HeaderCardException {
this();
if (value == null) {
set(key, null, comment, ComplexValue.class);
return;
}
if (!value.isFinite()) {
throw new HeaderCardException("Cannot represent " + value + " in FITS headers.");
}
set(key, value.toString(decimals), comment, ComplexValue.class);
}
/**
*
* This constructor is now DEPRECATED. You should use {@link #HeaderCard(String, String, String)} to create
* cards with null strings, or else {@link #createCommentStyleCard(String, String)} to create any
* comment-style card, or {@link #createCommentCard(String)} or {@link #createHistoryCard(String)} to create COMMENT
* or HISTORY cards.
*
*
* Creates a card with a string value or comment.
*
*
* @param key The key for the comment or nullable field.
* @param comment The comment
* @param withNullValue If true the new card will be a value stle card with a null string
* value. Otherwise it's a comment-style card.
*
* @throws HeaderCardException for any invalid keyword or value
*
* @see #HeaderCard(String, String, String)
* @see #createCommentStyleCard(String, String)
* @see #createCommentCard(String)
* @see #createHistoryCard(String)
*
* @deprecated Use {@link #HeaderCard(String, String, String)}, or
* {@link #createCommentStyleCard(String, String)} instead.
*/
@Deprecated
public HeaderCard(String key, String comment, boolean withNullValue) throws HeaderCardException {
this(key, null, comment, withNullValue);
}
/**
*
* This constructor is now DEPRECATED. It has always been a poor construct. You should use
* {@link #HeaderCard(String, String, String)} to create cards with null strings, or else
* {@link #createCommentStyleCard(String, String)} to create any comment-style card, or
* {@link #createCommentCard(String)} or {@link #createHistoryCard(String)} to create COMMENT or HISTORY cards.
*
* Creates a comment style card. This may be a comment style card in which case the nullable field should be false,
* or a value field which has a null value, in which case the nullable field should be true.
*
* @param key The key for the comment or nullable field.
* @param value The value (can be null)
* @param comment The comment
* @param nullable If true a null value is a valid value. Otherwise, a
* null value turns this into a comment-style card.
*
* @throws HeaderCardException for any invalid keyword or value
*
* @see #HeaderCard(String, String, String)
* @see #createCommentStyleCard(String, String)
* @see #createCommentCard(String)
* @see #createHistoryCard(String)
*
* @deprecated Use {@link #HeaderCard(String, String, String)}, or
* {@link #createCommentStyleCard(String, String)} instead.
*/
@Deprecated
public HeaderCard(String key, String value, String comment, boolean nullable) throws HeaderCardException {
this(key, value, comment, (nullable || value != null) ? String.class : null);
}
/**
* Creates a new card with a string value (and no comment).
*
* @param key keyword
* @param value value
*
* @throws HeaderCardException for any invalid keyword or value
*
* @see #HeaderCard(String, String, String)
* @see #create(IFitsHeader, String)
*/
public HeaderCard(String key, String value) throws HeaderCardException {
this(key, value, null, String.class);
}
/**
* Creates a new card with a string value, and a comment
*
* @param key keyword
* @param value value
* @param comment optional comment, or null
*
* @throws HeaderCardException for any invalid keyword or value
*
* @see #HeaderCard(String, String)
* @see #create(IFitsHeader, String)
*/
public HeaderCard(String key, String value, String comment) throws HeaderCardException {
this(key, value, comment, String.class);
}
/**
* Creates a new card from its component parts. Use locally only...
*
* @param key Case-sensitive keyword (can be null for COMMENT)
* @param value the serialized value (tailing spaces will be removed)
* @param comment an optional comment or null.
* @param type The Java class from which the value field was derived, or null if it's a
* comment-style card with a null value.
*
* @throws HeaderCardException for any invalid keyword or value
*
* @see #set(String, String, String, Class)
*/
private HeaderCard(String key, String value, String comment, Class type) throws HeaderCardException {
set(key, value, comment, type);
this.type = type;
}
/**
* Sets all components of the card to the specified values. For internal use only.
*
* @param aKey Case-sensitive keyword (can be null for an unkeyed comment)
* @param aValue the serialized value (tailing spaces will be removed), or null
* @param aComment an optional comment or null.
* @param aType The Java class from which the value field was derived, or null if it's a
* comment-style card.
*
* @throws HeaderCardException for any invalid keyword or value
*/
private synchronized void set(String aKey, String aValue, String aComment, Class aType) throws HeaderCardException {
// TODO we never call with null type and non-null value internally, so this is dead code here...
// if (aType == null && aValue != null) {
// throw new HeaderCardException("Null type for value: [" + sanitize(aValue) + "]");
// }
type = aType;
// AK: Map null and blank keys to BLANKS.key()
// This simplifies things as we won't have to check for null keys separately!
if ((aKey == null) || aKey.trim().isEmpty()) {
aKey = EMPTY_KEY;
}
if (aKey.isEmpty() && aValue != null) {
throw new HeaderCardException("Blank or null key for value: [" + sanitize(aValue) + "]");
}
try {
validateKey(aKey);
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
throw new HeaderCardException("Invalid FITS keyword: [" + sanitize(aKey) + "]", e);
}
key = aKey;
try {
validateChars(aComment);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
throw new HeaderCardException("Invalid FITS comment: [" + sanitize(aComment) + "]", e);
}
comment = aComment;
try {
validateChars(aValue);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
throw new HeaderCardException("Invalid FITS value: [" + sanitize(aValue) + "]", e);
}
if (aValue == null) {
value = null;
return;
}
if (isStringValue()) {
try {
setValue(aValue);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new HeaderCardException("Value too long: [" + sanitize(aValue) + "]", e);
}
} else {
aValue = aValue.trim();
// Check that the value fits in the space available for it.
if (aValue.length() > spaceForValue()) {
throw new HeaderCardException("Value too long: [" + sanitize(aValue) + "]",
new LongValueException(key, spaceForValue()));
}
value = aValue;
}
}
@Override
protected HeaderCard clone() {
try {
return (HeaderCard) super.clone();
} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
return null;
}
}
/**
* Returns the number of 80-character header lines needed to store the data from this card.
*
* @return the size of the card in blocks of 80 bytes. So normally every card will return 1. only long stings can
* return more than one, provided support for long string is enabled.
*/
public synchronized int cardSize() {
if (FitsFactory.isLongStringsEnabled() && isStringValue() && value != null) {
// this is very bad for performance but it is to difficult to
// keep the cardSize and the toString compatible at all times
return toString().length() / FITS_HEADER_CARD_SIZE;
}
return 1;
}
/**
* Returns an independent copy of this card. Both this card and the returned value will have identical content, but
* modifying one is guaranteed to not affect the other.
*
* @return a copy of this carf.
*/
public HeaderCard copy() {
HeaderCard copy = clone();
return copy;
}
/**
* Returns the keyword component of this card, which may be empty but never null, but it may be an
* empty string.
*
* @return the keyword from this card, guaranteed to be not null).
*
* @see #getValue()
* @see #getComment()
*/
@Override
public final synchronized String getKey() {
return key;
}
/**
* Returns the serialized value component of this card, which may be null.
*
* @return the value from this card
*
* @see #getValue(Class, Object)
* @see #getKey()
* @see #getComment()
*/
public final synchronized String getValue() {
return value;
}
/**
* Returns the comment component of this card, which may be null.
*
* @return the comment from this card
*
* @see #getKey()
* @see #getValue()
*/
public final synchronized String getComment() {
return comment;
}
/**
* @deprecated Not supported by the FITS standard, so do not use. It was included due to a
* misreading of the standard itself.
*
* @return the value from this card
*
* @throws NumberFormatException if the card's value is null or cannot be parsed as a hexadecimal value.
*
* @see #getValue()
*/
@Deprecated
public final synchronized long getHexValue() throws NumberFormatException {
if (value == null) {
throw new NumberFormatException("Card has a null value");
}
return Long.decode("0x" + value);
}
/**
*
* Returns the value cast to the specified type, if possible, or the specified default value if the value is
* null or if the value is incompatible with the requested type.
*
*
* For number types and values, if the requested type has lesser range or precision than the number stored in the
* FITS header, the value is automatically downcast (i.e. possible rounded and/or truncated) -- the same as if an
* explicit cast were used in Java. As long as the header value is a proper decimal value, it will be returned as
* any requested number type.
*
*
* @param asType the requested class of the value
* @param defaultValue the value to use if the card has a null value, or a value that cannot be cast to
* the specified type.
* @param the generic type of the requested class
*
* @return the value from this card as a specific type, or the specified default value
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified Java type of not one that is supported for use in FITS headers.
*/
public synchronized T getValue(Class asType, T defaultValue) throws IllegalArgumentException {
if (value == null) {
return defaultValue;
}
if (String.class.isAssignableFrom(asType)) {
return asType.cast(value);
}
if (value.isEmpty()) {
return defaultValue;
}
if (Boolean.class.isAssignableFrom(asType)) {
return asType.cast(getBooleanValue((Boolean) defaultValue));
}
if (ComplexValue.class.isAssignableFrom(asType)) {
return asType.cast(new ComplexValue(value));
}
if (Number.class.isAssignableFrom(asType)) {
try {
BigDecimal big = new BigDecimal(value.toUpperCase().replace('D', 'E'));
if (Byte.class.isAssignableFrom(asType)) {
return asType.cast(big.byteValue());
}
if (Short.class.isAssignableFrom(asType)) {
return asType.cast(big.shortValue());
}
if (Integer.class.isAssignableFrom(asType)) {
return asType.cast(big.intValue());
}
if (Long.class.isAssignableFrom(asType)) {
return asType.cast(big.longValue());
}
if (Float.class.isAssignableFrom(asType)) {
return asType.cast(big.floatValue());
}
if (Double.class.isAssignableFrom(asType)) {
return asType.cast(big.doubleValue());
}
if (BigInteger.class.isAssignableFrom(asType)) {
return asType.cast(big.toBigInteger());
}
// All possibilities have been exhausted, it must be a BigDecimal...
return asType.cast(big);
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
// The value is not a decimal number, so return the default value by contract.
return defaultValue;
}
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("unsupported class " + asType);
}
/**
* Checks if this card has both a valid keyword and a (non-null) value.
*
* @return Is this a key/value card?
*
* @see #isCommentStyleCard()
*/
public synchronized boolean isKeyValuePair() {
return !isCommentStyleCard() && !(key.isEmpty() || value == null);
}
/**
* Checks if this card has a string value (which may be null).
*
* @return true if this card has a string value, otherwise false.
*
* @see #isDecimalType()
* @see #isIntegerType()
* @see #valueType()
*/
public synchronized boolean isStringValue() {
if (type == null) {
return false;
}
return String.class.isAssignableFrom(type);
}
/**
* Checks if this card has a decimal (floating-point) type value (which may be null).
*
* @return true if this card has a decimal (not integer) type number value, otherwise
* false.
*
* @see #isIntegerType()
* @see #isStringValue()
* @see #valueType()
*
* @since 1.16
*/
public synchronized boolean isDecimalType() {
if (type == null) {
return false;
}
return Float.class.isAssignableFrom(type) || Double.class.isAssignableFrom(type)
|| BigDecimal.class.isAssignableFrom(type);
}
/**
* Checks if this card has an integer type value (which may be null).
*
* @return true if this card has an integer type value, otherwise false.
*
* @see #isDecimalType()
* @see #isStringValue()
* @see #valueType()
*
* @since 1.16
*/
public synchronized boolean isIntegerType() {
if (type == null) {
return false;
}
return Number.class.isAssignableFrom(type) && !isDecimalType();
}
/**
* Checks if this card is a comment-style card with no associated value field.
*
* @return true if this card is a comment-style card, otherwise false.
*
* @see #isKeyValuePair()
* @see #isStringValue()
* @see #valueType()
*
* @since 1.16
*/
public final synchronized boolean isCommentStyleCard() {
return (type == null);
}
/**
* Checks if this card cas a hierarch style long keyword.
*
* @return true if the card has a non-standard HIERARCH style long keyword, with dot-separated
* components. Otherwise false.
*
* @since 1.16
*/
public final synchronized boolean hasHierarchKey() {
return isHierarchKey(key);
}
/**
* Sets a new comment component for this card. The specified comment string will be sanitized to ensure it onlly
* contains characters suitable for FITS headers. Invalid characters will be replaced with '?'.
*
* @param comment the new comment text.
*/
public synchronized void setComment(String comment) {
this.comment = sanitize(comment);
}
/**
* Sets a new number value for this card. The new value will be shown in the integer, fixed-decimal, or format,
* whichever preserves more digits, or else whichever is the more compact notation. Trailing zeroes will be omitted.
*
* @param update the new value to set (can be null, in which case the card type
* defaults to Integer.class)
*
* @return the card itself
*
* @throws NumberFormatException if the input value is NaN or Infinity.
* @throws LongValueException if the decimal value cannot be represented in the alotted space
*
* @see #setValue(Number, int)
*/
public final HeaderCard setValue(Number update) throws NumberFormatException, LongValueException {
return setValue(update, FlexFormat.AUTO_PRECISION);
}
/**
* Sets a new number value for this card, using scientific (exponential) notation, with up to the specified decimal
* places showing between the decimal point and the exponent. For example, if decimals is set to 2,
* then π gets formatted as 3.14E0.
*
* @param update the new value to set (can be null, in which case the card type
* defaults to Integer.class)
* @param decimals the number of decimal places to show in the scientific notation.
*
* @return the card itself
*
* @throws NumberFormatException if the input value is NaN or Infinity.
* @throws LongValueException if the decimal value cannot be represented in the alotted space
*
* @see #setValue(Number)
*/
public synchronized HeaderCard setValue(Number update, int decimals) throws NumberFormatException, LongValueException {
if (update instanceof Float || update instanceof Double || update instanceof BigDecimal
|| update instanceof BigInteger) {
checkValueType(IFitsHeader.VALUE.REAL);
} else {
checkValueType(IFitsHeader.VALUE.INTEGER);
}
if (update == null) {
value = null;
type = Integer.class;
} else {
type = update.getClass();
checkNumber(update);
setUnquotedValue(new FlexFormat().forCard(this).setPrecision(decimals).format(update));
}
return this;
}
private static void checkKeyword(IFitsHeader keyword) throws IllegalArgumentException {
if (keyword.key().contains("n")) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Keyword " + keyword.key() + " has unfilled index(es)");
}
}
private void checkValueType(IFitsHeader.VALUE valueType) throws ValueTypeException {
if (standardKey != null) {
checkValueType(key, standardKey.valueType(), valueType);
}
}
private static void checkValueType(String key, IFitsHeader.VALUE expect, IFitsHeader.VALUE valueType)
throws ValueTypeException {
if (expect == IFitsHeader.VALUE.ANY || valueCheck == ValueCheck.NONE) {
return;
}
if (valueType != expect) {
if (expect == IFitsHeader.VALUE.REAL && valueType == IFitsHeader.VALUE.INTEGER) {
return;
}
ValueTypeException e = new ValueTypeException(key, valueType.name());
if (valueCheck == ValueCheck.LOGGING) {
LOG.warning(e.getMessage());
} else {
throw e;
}
}
}
/**
* Sets a new boolean value for this cardvalueType
*
* @param update the new value to se (can be null).
*
* @throws LongValueException if the card has no room even for the single-character 'T' or 'F'. This can never
* happen with cards created programmatically as they will not allow setting
* HIERARCH-style keywords long enough to ever trigger this condition. But, it is
* possible to read cards from a non-standard header, which breaches this limit, by
* ommitting some required spaces (esp. after the '='), and have a null value. When
* that happens, we can be left without room for even a single character.
* @throws ValueTypeException if the card's standard keyword does not support boolean values.
*
* @return the card itself
*/
public synchronized HeaderCard setValue(Boolean update) throws LongValueException, ValueTypeException {
checkValueType(IFitsHeader.VALUE.LOGICAL);
if (update == null) {
value = null;
} else if (spaceForValue() < 1) {
throw new LongValueException(key, spaceForValue());
} else {
// There is always room for a boolean value. :-)
value = update ? "T" : "F";
}
type = Boolean.class;
return this;
}
/**
* Sets a new complex number value for this card. The real and imaginary part will be shown in the integer,
* fixed-decimal, or format, whichever preserves more digits, or else whichever is the more compact notation.
* Trailing zeroes will be omitted.
*
* @param update the new value to set (can be null)
*
* @return the card itself
*
* @throws NumberFormatException if the input value is NaN or Infinity.
* @throws LongValueException if the decimal value cannot be represented in the alotted space
*
* @see #setValue(ComplexValue, int)
*
* @since 1.16
*/
public final HeaderCard setValue(ComplexValue update) throws NumberFormatException, LongValueException {
return setValue(update, FlexFormat.AUTO_PRECISION);
}
/**
* Sets a new complex number value for this card, using scientific (exponential) notation, with up to the specified
* number of decimal places showing between the decimal point and the exponent. Trailing zeroes will be omitted. For
* example, if decimals is set to 2, then (π, 12) gets formatted as (3.14E0,1.2E1).
*
* @param update the new value to set (can be null)
* @param decimals the number of decimal places to show in the scientific notation.
*
* @return the HeaderCard itself
*
* @throws NumberFormatException if the input value is NaN or Infinity.
* @throws LongValueException if the decimal value cannot be represented in the alotted space
*
* @see #setValue(ComplexValue)
*
* @since 1.16
*/
public synchronized HeaderCard setValue(ComplexValue update, int decimals) throws LongValueException {
checkValueType(IFitsHeader.VALUE.COMPLEX);
if (update == null) {
value = null;
} else {
if (!update.isFinite()) {
throw new NumberFormatException("Cannot represent " + update + " in FITS headers.");
}
setUnquotedValue(update.toString(decimals));
}
type = ComplexValue.class;
return this;
}
/**
* Sets a new unquoted value for this card, checking to make sure it fits in the available header space. If the
* value is too long to fit, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown.
*
* @param update the new unquoted header value for this card, as a string.
*
* @throws LongValueException if the value is too long to fit in the available space.
*/
private synchronized void setUnquotedValue(String update) throws LongValueException {
if (update.length() > spaceForValue()) {
throw new LongValueException(spaceForValue(), key, value);
}
value = update;
}
/**
* @deprecated Not supported by the FITS standard, so do not use. It was included due to a
* misreading of the standard itself.
*
* @param update the new value to set
*
* @return the HeaderCard itself
*
* @throws LongValueException if the value is too long to fit in the available space.
*
* @since 1.16
*/
@Deprecated
public synchronized HeaderCard setHexValue(long update) throws LongValueException {
setUnquotedValue(Long.toHexString(update));
type = (update == (int) update) ? Integer.class : Long.class;
return this;
}
/**
* Sets a new string value for this card.
*
* @param update the new value to set
*
* @return the HeaderCard itself
*
* @throws ValueTypeException if the card's keyword does not support string values.
* @throws IllegalStateException if the card has a HIERARCH keyword that is too long to fit any string
* value.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the new value contains characters that cannot be added to the the FITS
* header.
* @throws LongStringsNotEnabledException if the card contains a long string but support for long strings is
* currently disabled.
*
* @see FitsFactory#setLongStringsEnabled(boolean)
* @see #validateChars(String)
*/
public synchronized HeaderCard setValue(String update)
throws ValueTypeException, IllegalStateException, IllegalArgumentException, LongStringsNotEnabledException {
checkValueType(IFitsHeader.VALUE.STRING);
int space = spaceForValue(key);
if (space < STRING_QUOTES_LENGTH) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No space for string value for [" + key + "]");
}
if (update == null) {
// There is always room for a null string...
value = null;
} else {
validateChars(update);
update = trimEnd(update);
int l = getHeaderValueSize(update);
if (space < l) {
if (FitsFactory.isLongStringsEnabled()) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No space for long string value for [" + key + "]");
}
throw new LongStringsNotEnabledException("New string value for [" + key + "] is too long."
+ "\n\n --> You can enable long string support by FitsFactory.setLongStringEnabled(true).\n");
}
value = update;
}
type = String.class;
return this;
}
/**
* Returns the modulo 80 character card image, the toString tries to preserve as much as possible of the comment
* value by reducing the alignment of the Strings if the comment is longer and if longString is enabled the string
* can be split into one more card to have more space for the comment.
*
* @return the FITS card as one or more 80-character string blocks.
*
* @throws LongValueException if the card has a long string value that is too long to contain in the
* space available after the keyword.
* @throws LongStringsNotEnabledException if the card contains a long string but support for long strings is
* currently disabled.
* @throws HierarchNotEnabledException if the card contains a HIERARCH-style long keyword but support for these
* is currently disabled.
*
* @see FitsFactory#setLongStringsEnabled(boolean)
*/
@Override
public String toString() throws LongValueException, LongStringsNotEnabledException, HierarchNotEnabledException {
return toString(FitsFactory.current());
}
/**
* Same as {@link #toString()} just with a prefetched settings object
*
* @param settings the settings to use for writing the header card
*
* @return the string representing the card.
*
* @throws LongValueException if the card has a long string value that is too long to contain in the
* space available after the keyword.
* @throws LongStringsNotEnabledException if the card contains a long string but support for long strings is
* disabled in the settings.
* @throws HierarchNotEnabledException if the card contains a HIERARCH-style long keyword but support for these
* is disabled in the settings.
*
* @see FitsFactory#setLongStringsEnabled(boolean)
*/
protected synchronized String toString(final FitsSettings settings)
throws LongValueException, LongStringsNotEnabledException, HierarchNotEnabledException {
return new HeaderCardFormatter(settings).toString(this);
}
/**
* Returns the class of the associated value, or null if it's a comment-style card.
*
* @return the type of the value.
*
* @see #isCommentStyleCard()
* @see #isKeyValuePair()
* @see #isIntegerType()
* @see #isDecimalType()
*/
public synchronized Class valueType() {
return type;
}
/**
* Returns the value as a boolean, or the default value if the card has no associated value or it is not a boolean.
*
* @param defaultValue the default value to return if the card has no associated value or is not a boolean.
*
* @return the boolean value of this card, or else the default value.
*/
private Boolean getBooleanValue(Boolean defaultValue) {
if ("T".equals(value)) {
return true;
}
if ("F".equals(value)) {
return false;
}
return defaultValue;
}
/**
* Parses a continued long string value and comment for this card, which may occupy one or more consecutive
* 80-character header records.
*
* @param dis the input stream from which to parse the value and comment fields of this card.
* @param next the parser to use for each 80-character record.
*
* @throws IOException if there was an IO error reading the stream.
* @throws TruncatedFileException if the stream endedc ubnexpectedly in the middle of an 80-character record.
*/
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
private synchronized void parseLongStringCard(HeaderCardCountingArrayDataInput dis, HeaderCardParser next)
throws IOException, TruncatedFileException {
StringBuilder longValue = new StringBuilder();
StringBuilder longComment = null;
while (next != null) {
if (!next.isString()) {
break;
}
String valuePart = next.getValue();
String untrimmedComment = next.getUntrimmedComment();
if (valuePart == null) {
// The card cannot have a null value. If it does it wasn't a string card...
break;
}
// The end point of the value
int valueEnd = valuePart.length();
// Check if there card continues into the next record. The value
// must end with '&' and the next card must be a CONTINUE card.
// If so, remove the '&' from the value part, and parse in the next
// card for the next iteration...
if (!dis.markSupported()) {
throw new IOException("InputStream does not support mark/reset");
}
// Peek at the next card.
dis.mark();
try {
// Check if we should continue parsing this card...
next = new HeaderCardParser(readOneHeaderLine(dis));
if (valuePart.endsWith("&") && CONTINUE.key().equals(next.getKey())) {
// Remove '& from the value part...
valueEnd--;
} else {
// ok move the input stream one card back.
dis.reset();
// Clear the parser also.
next = null;
}
} catch (EOFException e) {
// Nothing left to parse after the current one...
next = null;
}
// Append the value part from the record last parsed.
longValue.append(valuePart, 0, valueEnd);
// Append any comment from the card last parsed.
if (untrimmedComment != null) {
if (longComment == null) {
longComment = new StringBuilder(untrimmedComment);
} else {
longComment.append(untrimmedComment);
}
}
}
comment = longComment == null ? null : longComment.toString().trim();
value = trimEnd(longValue.toString());
type = String.class;
}
/**
* Removes the trailing spaces (if any) from a string. According to the FITS standard, trailing spaces in string are
* not significant (but leading spaces are). As such we should remove trailing spaces when parsing header string
* values.
*
* @param s the string as it appears in the FITS header
*
* @return the input string if it has no trailing spaces, or else a new string with the trailing spaces removed.
*/
private String trimEnd(String s) {
int end = s.length();
for (; end > 0; end--) {
if (!Character.isSpaceChar(s.charAt(end - 1))) {
break;
}
}
return end == s.length() ? s : s.substring(0, end);
}
/**
* Returns the minimum number of characters the value field will occupy in the header record, including quotes
* around string values, and quoted quotes inside. The actual header may add padding (e.g. to ensure the end quote
* does not come before byte 20).
*
* @return the minimum number of bytes needed to represent this value in a header record.
*
* @since 1.16
*
* @see #getHeaderValueSize(String)
* @see #spaceForValue()
*/
synchronized int getHeaderValueSize() {
return getHeaderValueSize(value);
}
/**
* Returns the minimum number of characters the value field will occupy in the header record, including quotes
* around string values, and quoted quotes inside. The actual header may add padding (e.g. to ensure the end quote
* does not come before byte 20). If the long string convention is enabled, this method returns the minimum number
* of characters needed in the leading 80-character record only. The call assumes that the value has been
* appropriately trimmed of trailing and leading spaces as appropriate.
*
* @param aValue The proposed value for this card
*
* @return the minimum number of bytes needed to represent this value in a header record.
*
* @since 1.16
*
* @see #spaceForValue()
* @see #trimEnd(String)
*/
private synchronized int getHeaderValueSize(String aValue) {
if (aValue == null) {
return 0;
}
if (!isStringValue()) {
return aValue.length();
}
int n = STRING_QUOTES_LENGTH;
if (FitsFactory.isLongStringsEnabled()) {
// If not empty string we need to write at least &...
return aValue.isEmpty() ? n : n + 1;
}
n += aValue.length();
for (int i = aValue.length(); --i >= 0;) {
if (aValue.charAt(i) == '\'') {
// Add the number of quotes that need escaping.
n++;
}
}
return n;
}
/**
* Returns the space available for value and/or comment in a single record the keyword.
*
* @return the number of characters available in a single 80-character header record for a standard (non long
* string) value and/or comment.
*
* @since 1.16
*/
public final synchronized int spaceForValue() {
return spaceForValue(key);
}
/**
* Updates the keyword for this card.
*
* @param newKey the new FITS header keyword to use for this card.
*
* @throws HierarchNotEnabledException if the new key is a HIERARCH-style long key but support for these is not
* currently enabled.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the keyword contains invalid characters
* @throws LongValueException if the new keyword does not leave sufficient room for the current
* non-string value.
* @throws LongStringsNotEnabledException if the new keyword does not leave sufficient rooom for the current string
* value without enabling long string support.
*
* @see FitsFactory#setLongStringsEnabled(boolean)
* @see #spaceForValue()
* @see #getValue()
*/
public synchronized void changeKey(String newKey) throws HierarchNotEnabledException, LongValueException,
LongStringsNotEnabledException, IllegalArgumentException {
validateKey(newKey);
int l = getHeaderValueSize();
int space = spaceForValue(newKey);
if (l > space) {
if (isStringValue() && !FitsFactory.isLongStringsEnabled() && space > STRING_QUOTES_LENGTH) {
throw new LongStringsNotEnabledException(newKey);
}
throw new LongValueException(spaceForValue(newKey), newKey + "= " + value);
}
key = newKey;
standardKey = null;
}
/**
* Checks if the card is blank, that is if it contains only empty spaces.
*
* @return true if the card contains nothing but blank spaces.
*/
public synchronized boolean isBlank() {
if (!isCommentStyleCard() || !key.isEmpty()) {
return false;
}
if (comment == null) {
return true;
}
return comment.isEmpty();
}
/**
* Returns the current policy for checking if set values are of the allowed type for cards with standardized
* {@link IFitsHeader} keywords.
*
* @return the current value type checking policy
*
* @since 1.19
*
* @see #setValueCheckingPolicy(ValueCheck)
*/
public static ValueCheck getValueCheckingPolicy() {
return valueCheck;
}
/**
* Sets the policy to used for checking if set values conform to the expected types for cards that use standardized
* FITS keywords via the {@link IFitsHeader} interface.
*
* @param policy the new polict to use for checking value types.
*
* @see #getValueCheckingPolicy()
* @see Header#setKeywordChecking(nom.tam.fits.Header.KeywordCheck)
*
* @since 1.19
*/
public static void setValueCheckingPolicy(ValueCheck policy) {
valueCheck = policy;
}
/**
*
* Creates a new FITS header card from a FITS stream representation of it, which is how the key/value and comment
* are represented inside the FITS file, normally as an 80-character wide entry. The parsing of header 'lines'
* conforms to all FITS standards, and some optional conventions, such as HIERARCH keywords (if
* {@link FitsFactory#setUseHierarch(boolean)} is enabled), COMMENT and HISTORY entries, and OGIP 1.0 long CONTINUE
* lines (if {@link FitsFactory#setLongStringsEnabled(boolean)} is enabled).
*
*
* However, the parsing here is permissive beyond the standards and conventions, and will do its best to support a
* wide range of FITS files, which may deviate from the standard in subtle (or no so subtle) ways.
*
*
* Here is a brief summary of the rules that guide the parsing of keywords, values, and comment 'fields' from the
* single header line:
*
*
* A. Keywords
*
*
* - The standard FITS keyword is the first 8 characters of the line, or up to an equal [=] character, whichever
* comes first, with trailing spaces removed, and always converted to upper-case.
* - If {@link FitsFactory#setUseHierarch(boolean)} is enabled, structured longer keywords can be composed after a
*
HIERARCH base key, followed by space (and/or dot ].]) separated parts, up to an equal sign [=]. The
* library will represent the same components (including HIERARCH) but separated by single dots [.].
* For example, the header line starting with [HIERARCH SMA OBS TARGET =], will be referred as
* [HIERARCH.SMA.OBS.TARGET] withing this library. The keyword parts can be composed of any ASCII
* characters except dot [.], white spaces, or equal [=].
* - By default, all parts of the key are converted to upper-case. Case sensitive HIERARCH keywords can be
* retained after enabling
* {@link nom.tam.fits.header.hierarch.IHierarchKeyFormatter#setCaseSensitive(boolean)}.
*
*
* B. Values
*
*
* Values are the part of the header line, that is between the keyword and an optional ending comment. Legal header
* values follow the following parse patterns:
*
* - Begin with an equal sign [=], or else come after a CONTINUE keyword.
* - Next can be a quoted value such as
'hello', placed inside two single quotes. Or an unquoted
* value, such as 123.
* - Quoted values must begin with a single quote ['] and and with the next single quote. If there is no end-quote
* in the line, it is not considered a string value but rather a comment, unless
* {@link FitsFactory#setAllowHeaderRepairs(boolean)} is enabled, in which case the entire remaining line after the
* opening quote is assumed to be a malformed value.
* - Unquoted values end at the fist [/] character, or else go until the line end.
* - Quoted values have trailing spaces removed, s.t. [
' value '] becomes
* [ value].
* - Unquoted values are trimmed, with both leading and trailing spaces removed, e.g. [
123 ]
* becomes [123].
*
*
* C. Comments
*
*
* The following rules guide the parsing of the values component:
*
* - If a value is present (see above), the comment is what comes after it. That is, for quoted values, everything
* that follows the closing quote. For unquoted values, it's what comes after the first [/], with the [/] itself
* removed.
* - If a value is not present, then everything following the keyword is considered the comment.
* - Comments are trimmed, with both leading and trailing spaces removed.
*
*
* @return a newly created HeaderCard from a FITS card string.
*
* @param line the card image (typically 80 characters if in a FITS file).
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the card was malformed, truncated, or if there was an IO error.
*
* @see FitsFactory#setUseHierarch(boolean)
* @see nom.tam.fits.header.hierarch.IHierarchKeyFormatter#setCaseSensitive(boolean)
*/
public static HeaderCard create(String line) throws IllegalArgumentException {
try (ArrayDataInput in = stringToArrayInputStream(line)) {
return new HeaderCard(in);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("card not legal", e);
}
}
final IFitsHeader getStandardKey() {
return standardKey;
}
/**
* Creates a new card with a standard or conventional keyword and a boolean value, with the default comment
* associated with the keyword. Unlike {@link #HeaderCard(String, Boolean)}, this call does not throw an exception,
* since the keyword and comment should be valid by design.
*
* @param key The standard or conventional keyword with its associated default comment.
* @param value the boolean value associated to the keyword
*
* @return A new header card with the speficied standard-style key and comment and the
* specified value, or null if the standard key itself is
* malformed or illegal.
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the standard key was ill-defined.
*
* @since 1.16
*/
public static HeaderCard create(IFitsHeader key, Boolean value) throws IllegalArgumentException {
checkKeyword(key);
try {
HeaderCard hc = new HeaderCard(key.key(), (Boolean) null, key.comment());
hc.standardKey = key;
hc.setValue(value);
return hc;
} catch (HeaderCardException e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
/**
*
* Creates a new card with a standard or conventional keyword and a number value, with the default comment
* associated with the keyword. Unlike {@link #HeaderCard(String, Number)}, this call does not throw a hard
* {@link HeaderCardException} exception, since the keyword and comment should be valid by design. (A runtime
* {@link IllegalArgumentException} may still be thrown in the event that the supplied conventional keywords itself
* is ill-defined -- but this should not happen unless something was poorly coded in this library, on in an
* extension of it).
*
*
* If the value is not compatible with the convention of the keyword, a warning message is logged but no exception
* is thrown (at this point).
*
*
* @param key The standard or conventional keyword with its associated default comment.
* @param value the integer value associated to the keyword.
*
* @return A new header card with the speficied standard-style key and comment and the
* specified value.
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the standard key itself was ill-defined.
*
* @since 1.16
*/
public static HeaderCard create(IFitsHeader key, Number value) throws IllegalArgumentException {
checkKeyword(key);
try {
HeaderCard hc = new HeaderCard(key.key(), (Number) null, key.comment());
hc.standardKey = key;
hc.setValue(value);
return hc;
} catch (HeaderCardException e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
/**
* Creates a new card with a standard or conventional keyword and a number value, with the default comment
* associated with the keyword. Unlike {@link #HeaderCard(String, Number)}, this call does not throw an exception,
* since the keyword and comment should be valid by design.
*
* @param key The standard or conventional keyword with its associated default comment.
* @param value the integer value associated to the keyword.
*
* @return A new header card with the speficied standard-style key and comment and the
* specified value.
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the standard key was ill-defined.
*
* @since 1.16
*/
public static HeaderCard create(IFitsHeader key, ComplexValue value) throws IllegalArgumentException {
checkKeyword(key);
try {
HeaderCard hc = new HeaderCard(key.key(), (ComplexValue) null, key.comment());
hc.standardKey = key;
hc.setValue(value);
return hc;
} catch (HeaderCardException e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
/**
* Creates a new card with a standard or conventional keyword and an integer value, with the default comment
* associated with the keyword. Unlike {@link #HeaderCard(String, Number)}, this call does not throw a hard
* exception, since the keyword and comment sohould be valid by design. The string value however will be checked,
* and an appropriate runtime exception is thrown if it cannot be included in a FITS header.
*
* @param key The standard or conventional keyword with its associated default comment.
* @param value the string associated to the keyword.
*
* @return A new header card with the speficied standard-style key and comment and the
* specified value.
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the string value contains characters that are not allowed in FITS headers,
* that is characters outside of the 0x20 thru 0x7E range, or if the standard
* key was ill-defined.
*/
public static HeaderCard create(IFitsHeader key, String value) throws IllegalArgumentException {
checkKeyword(key);
validateChars(value);
try {
HeaderCard hc = new HeaderCard(key.key(), (String) null, key.comment());
hc.standardKey = key;
hc.setValue(value);
return hc;
} catch (HeaderCardException e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
/**
* Creates a comment-style card with no associated value field.
*
* @param key The keyword, or null blank/empty string for an unkeyed comment.
* @param comment The comment text.
*
* @return a new comment-style header card with the specified key and comment text.
*
* @throws HeaderCardException if the key or value were invalid.
* @throws LongValueException if the comment text is longer than the space available in comment-style cards (71
* characters max)
*
* @see #createUnkeyedCommentCard(String)
* @see #createCommentCard(String)
* @see #createHistoryCard(String)
* @see Header#insertCommentStyle(String, String)
* @see Header#insertCommentStyleMultiline(String, String)
*/
public static HeaderCard createCommentStyleCard(String key, String comment)
throws HeaderCardException, LongValueException {
if (comment == null) {
comment = "";
} else if (comment.length() > MAX_COMMENT_CARD_COMMENT_LENGTH) {
throw new LongValueException(MAX_COMMENT_CARD_COMMENT_LENGTH, key, comment);
}
HeaderCard card = new HeaderCard();
card.set(key, null, comment, null);
return card;
}
/**
* Creates a new unkeyed comment card for th FITS header. These are comment-style cards with no associated value
* field, and with a blank keyword. They are commonly used to add explanatory notes in the FITS header. Keyed
* comments are another alternative...
*
* @param text a concise descriptive entry (max 71 characters).
*
* @return a new COMMENT card with the specified key and comment text.
*
* @throws HeaderCardException if the text contains invalid charaters.
* @throws LongValueException if the comment text is longer than the space available in comment-style cards (71
* characters max)
*
* @see #createCommentCard(String)
* @see #createCommentStyleCard(String, String)
* @see Header#insertUnkeyedComment(String)
*/
public static HeaderCard createUnkeyedCommentCard(String text) throws HeaderCardException, LongValueException {
return createCommentStyleCard(BLANKS.key(), text);
}
/**
* Creates a new keyed comment card for th FITS header. These are comment-style cards with no associated value
* field, and with COMMENT as the keyword. They are commonly used to add explanatory notes in the FITS header.
* Unkeyed comments are another alternative...
*
* @param text a concise descriptive entry (max 71 characters).
*
* @return a new COMMENT card with the specified key and comment text.
*
* @throws HeaderCardException if the text contains invalid charaters.
* @throws LongValueException if the comment text is longer than the space available in comment-style cards (71
* characters max)
*
* @see #createUnkeyedCommentCard(String)
* @see #createCommentStyleCard(String, String)
* @see Header#insertComment(String)
*/
public static HeaderCard createCommentCard(String text) throws HeaderCardException, LongValueException {
return createCommentStyleCard(COMMENT.key(), text);
}
/**
* Creates a new history record for the FITS header. These are comment-style cards with no associated value field,
* and with HISTORY as the keyword. They are commonly used to document the sequence operations that were performed
* on the data before it arrived to the state represented by the FITS file. The text field for history entries is
* limited to 70 characters max per card. However there is no limit to how many such entries are in a FITS header.
*
* @param text a concise descriptive entry (max 71 characters).
*
* @return a new HISTORY card with the specified key and comment text.
*
* @throws HeaderCardException if the text contains invalid charaters.
* @throws LongValueException if the comment text is longer than the space available in comment-style cards (71
* characters max)
*
* @see #createCommentStyleCard(String, String)
* @see Header#insertHistory(String)
*/
public static HeaderCard createHistoryCard(String text) throws HeaderCardException, LongValueException {
return createCommentStyleCard(HISTORY.key(), text);
}
/**
* @deprecated Not supported by the FITS standard, so do not use. It was included due to a
* misreading of the standard itself.
*
* @param key the keyword
* @param value the integer value
*
* @return A new header card, with the specified integer in hexadecomal representation.
*
* @throws HeaderCardException if the card is invalid (for example the keyword is not valid).
*
* @see #createHexValueCard(String, long, String)
* @see #getHexValue()
* @see Header#getHexValue(String)
*/
@Deprecated
public static HeaderCard createHexValueCard(String key, long value) throws HeaderCardException {
return createHexValueCard(key, value, null);
}
/**
* @deprecated Not supported by the FITS standard, so do not use. It was included due to a
* misreading of the standard itself.
*
* @param key the keyword
* @param value the integer value
* @param comment optional comment, or null.
*
* @return A new header card, with the specified integer in hexadecomal representation.
*
* @throws HeaderCardException if the card is invalid (for example the keyword is not valid).
*
* @see #createHexValueCard(String, long)
* @see #getHexValue()
* @see Header#getHexValue(String)
*/
@Deprecated
public static HeaderCard createHexValueCard(String key, long value, String comment) throws HeaderCardException {
return new HeaderCard(key, Long.toHexString(value), comment, Long.class);
}
/**
* Reads an 80-byte card record from an input.
*
* @param in The input to read from
*
* @return The raw, undigested header record as a string.
*
* @throws IOException if already at the end of file.
* @throws TruncatedFileException if there was not a complete record available in the input.
*/
private static String readRecord(InputReader in) throws IOException, TruncatedFileException {
byte[] buffer = new byte[FITS_HEADER_CARD_SIZE];
int got = 0;
try {
// Read as long as there is more available, even if it comes in a trickle...
while (got < buffer.length) {
int n = in.read(buffer, got, buffer.length - got);
if (n < 0) {
break;
}
got += n;
}
} catch (EOFException e) {
// Just in case read throws EOFException instead of returning -1 by contract.
}
if (got == 0) {
// Nothing left to read.
throw new EOFException();
}
if (got < buffer.length) {
// Got an incomplete header card...
throw new TruncatedFileException(
"Got only " + got + " of " + buffer.length + " bytes expected for a header card");
}
return AsciiFuncs.asciiString(buffer);
}
/**
* Read exactly one complete fits header line from the input.
*
* @param dis the data input stream to read the line
*
* @return a string of exactly 80 characters
*
* @throwa EOFException if already at the end of file.
*
* @throws TruncatedFileException if there was not a complete line available in the input.
* @throws IOException if the input stream could not be read
*/
@SuppressWarnings({"resource", "deprecation"})
private static String readOneHeaderLine(HeaderCardCountingArrayDataInput dis)
throws IOException, TruncatedFileException {
String s = readRecord(dis.in());
dis.cardRead();
return s;
}
/**
* Returns the maximum number of characters that can be used for a value field in a single FITS header record (80
* characters wide), after the specified keyword.
*
* @param key the header keyword, which may be a HIERARCH-style key...
*
* @return the space available for the value field in a single record, after the keyword, and the assigmnent
* sequence (or equivalent blank space).
*/
private static int spaceForValue(String key) {
if (key.length() > MAX_KEYWORD_LENGTH) {
IHierarchKeyFormatter fmt = FitsFactory.getHierarchFormater();
int keyLen = Math.max(key.length(), MAX_KEYWORD_LENGTH) + fmt.getExtraSpaceRequired(key);
return FITS_HEADER_CARD_SIZE - keyLen - fmt.getMinAssignLength();
}
return FITS_HEADER_CARD_SIZE - (Math.max(key.length(), MAX_KEYWORD_LENGTH) + HeaderCardFormatter.getAssignLength());
}
private static ArrayDataInput stringToArrayInputStream(String card) {
byte[] bytes = AsciiFuncs.getBytes(card);
if (bytes.length % FITS_HEADER_CARD_SIZE != 0) {
byte[] newBytes = new byte[bytes.length + FITS_HEADER_CARD_SIZE - bytes.length % FITS_HEADER_CARD_SIZE];
System.arraycopy(bytes, 0, newBytes, 0, bytes.length);
Arrays.fill(newBytes, bytes.length, newBytes.length, (byte) ' ');
bytes = newBytes;
}
return new FitsInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes));
}
/**
* This method was designed for use internally. It is 'safe' (not save!) in the sense that the runtime exception it
* may throw does not need to be caught.
*
* @param key keyword
* @param comment optional comment, or null
* @param hasValue does this card have a (null) value field? If true a
* null value of type String.class is assumed (for backward
* compatibility).
*
* @return the new HeaderCard
*
* @throws HeaderCardException if the card could not be created for some reason (noted as the cause).
*
* @deprecated This was to be used internally only, without public visibility. It will become
* unexposed to users in a future release...
*/
@Deprecated
public static HeaderCard saveNewHeaderCard(String key, String comment, boolean hasValue) throws HeaderCardException {
return new HeaderCard(key, null, comment, hasValue ? String.class : null);
}
/**
* Checks if the specified keyword is a HIERARCH-style long keyword.
*
* @param key The keyword to check.
*
* @return true if the specified key may be a HIERARC-style key, otehrwise false.
*/
private static boolean isHierarchKey(String key) {
return key.toUpperCase().startsWith(HIERARCH_WITH_DOT);
}
/**
* Replaces illegal characters in the string ith '?' to be suitable for FITS header records. According to the FITS
* standard, headers may only contain ASCII characters in the range 0x20 and 0x7E (inclusive).
*
* @param str the input string.
*
* @return the sanitized string for use in a FITS header, with illegal characters replaced by '?'.
*
* @see #isValidChar(char)
* @see #validateChars(String)
*/
public static String sanitize(String str) {
int nc = str.length();
char[] cbuf = new char[nc];
for (int ic = 0; ic < nc; ic++) {
char c = str.charAt(ic);
cbuf[ic] = isValidChar(c) ? c : '?';
}
return new String(cbuf);
}
/**
* Checks if a character is valid for inclusion in a FITS header record. The FITS standard specifies that only ASCII
* characters between 0x20 thru 0x7E may be used in FITS headers.
*
* @param c the character to check
*
* @return true if the character is allowed in the FITS header, otherwise false.
*
* @see #validateChars(String)
* @see #sanitize(String)
*/
public static boolean isValidChar(char c) {
return (c >= MIN_VALID_CHAR && c <= MAX_VALID_CHAR);
}
/**
* Checks the specified string for characters that are not allowed in FITS headers, and throws an exception if any
* are found. According to the FITS standard, headers may only contain ASCII characters in the range 0x20 and 0x7E
* (inclusive).
*
* @param text the input string
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the unput string contains any characters that cannot be in a FITS header,
* that is characters outside of the 0x20 to 0x7E range.
*
* @since 1.16
*
* @see #isValidChar(char)
* @see #sanitize(String)
* @see #validateKey(String)
*/
public static void validateChars(String text) throws IllegalArgumentException {
if (text == null) {
return;
}
for (int i = text.length(); --i >= 0;) {
char c = text.charAt(i);
if (c < MIN_VALID_CHAR) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"Non-printable character(s), e.g. 0x" + (int) c + ", in [" + sanitize(text) + "].");
}
if (c > MAX_VALID_CHAR) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"Extendeed ASCII character(s) in [" + sanitize(text) + "]. Only 0x20 through 0x7E are allowed.");
}
}
}
/**
* Checks if the specified string may be used as a FITS header keyword according to the FITS standard and currently
* settings for supporting extensions to the standard, such as HIERARCH-style keywords.
*
* @param key the proposed keyword string
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the string cannot be used as a FITS keyword with the current settings. The
* exception will contain an informative message describing the issue.
*
* @since 1.16
*
* @see #validateChars(String)
* @see FitsFactory#setUseHierarch(boolean)
*/
public static void validateKey(String key) throws IllegalArgumentException {
int maxLength = MAX_KEYWORD_LENGTH;
if (isHierarchKey(key)) {
if (!FitsFactory.getUseHierarch()) {
throw new HierarchNotEnabledException(key);
}
maxLength = MAX_HIERARCH_KEYWORD_LENGTH;
validateHierarchComponents(key);
}
if (key.length() > maxLength) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Keyword is too long: [" + sanitize(key) + "]");
}
// Check the whole key for non-printable, non-standard ASCII
for (int i = key.length(); --i >= 0;) {
char c = key.charAt(i);
if (c < MIN_VALID_CHAR) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"Keyword contains non-printable character 0x" + (int) c + ": [" + sanitize(key) + "].");
}
if (c > MAX_VALID_CHAR) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Keyword contains extendeed ASCII characters: [" + sanitize(key)
+ "]. Only 0x20 through 0x7E are allowed.");
}
}
// Check if the first 8 characters conform to strict FITS specification...
for (int i = Math.min(MAX_KEYWORD_LENGTH, key.length()); --i >= 0;) {
char c = key.charAt(i);
if ((c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')) {
continue;
}
if ((c >= '0' && c <= '9') || (c == '-') || (c == '_')) {
continue;
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"Keyword [" + sanitize(key) + "] contains invalid characters. Only [A-Z][a-z][0-9][-][_] are allowed.");
}
}
/**
* Additional checks the extended components of the HIEARCH key (in bytes 9-77), to make sure they conform to our
* own standards of storing hierarch keys as a dot-separated list of components. That is, the keyword must not have
* any spaces...
*
* @param key the HIERARCH keyword to check.
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the keyword is not a proper dot-separated set of non-empty hierarchical
* components
*/
private static void validateHierarchComponents(String key) throws IllegalArgumentException {
for (int i = key.length(); --i >= 0;) {
if (Character.isSpaceChar(key.charAt(i))) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"No spaces allowed in HIERARCH keywords used internally: [" + sanitize(key) + "].");
}
}
if (key.indexOf("..") >= 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("HIERARCH keywords with empty component: [" + sanitize(key) + "].");
}
}
/**
* Checks that a number value is not NaN or Infinite, since FITS does not have a standard for describing those
* values in the header. If the value is not suitable for the FITS header, an exception is thrown.
*
* @param value The number to check
*
* @throws NumberFormatException if the input value is NaN or infinite.
*/
private static void checkNumber(Number value) throws NumberFormatException {
if (value instanceof Double) {
if (!Double.isFinite(value.doubleValue())) {
throw new NumberFormatException("Cannot represent " + value + " in FITS headers.");
}
} else if (value instanceof Float) {
if (!Float.isFinite(value.floatValue())) {
throw new NumberFormatException("Cannot represent " + value + " in FITS headers.");
}
}
}
}
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