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/*
* File: Vector.java
* Authors: Kevin R. Dixon
* Company: Sandia National Laboratories
* Project: Cognitive Foundry
*
* Copyright February 21, 2006, Sandia Corporation. Under the terms of Contract
* DE-AC04-94AL85000, there is a non-exclusive license for use of this work by
* or on behalf of the U.S. Government. Export of this program may require a
* license from the United States Government. See CopyrightHistory.txt for
* complete details.
*
*/
package gov.sandia.cognition.math.matrix;
import gov.sandia.cognition.annotation.CodeReview;
import gov.sandia.cognition.annotation.CodeReviews;
import gov.sandia.cognition.math.UnivariateScalarFunction;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
import java.util.List;
/**
* The Vector interface defines the operations that are expected
* on a mathematical vector. The Vector can be thought of as a
* collection of doubles of fixed size (the dimensionality) that supports
* array-like indexing into the Vector. The Vector
* is defined as an interface because there is more than one way to implement
* a Vector, in particular if you want to make use of sparseness, which occurs
* when most of the elements of a Vector are zero so that they are
* not represented.
*
* @author Kevin R. Dixon
* @author Justin Basilico
* @since 1.0
*/
@CodeReviews(
reviews={
@CodeReview(
reviewer="Kevin R. Dixon",
date="2008-02-26",
changesNeeded=false,
comments={
"Minor changes to formatting.",
"Otherwise, looks good."
}
),
@CodeReview(
reviewer="Jonathan McClain",
date="2006-05-17",
changesNeeded=false,
comments="Looks fine."
)
}
)
public interface Vector
extends VectorSpace,
Vectorizable
{
@Override
public Vector clone();
/**
* Returns the number of elements in the Vector
*
* @return number of elements in the Vector
*/
public int getDimensionality();
/**
* Gets the value of element of the vector at the zero-based index.
* It throws an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is out of range.
* It is a convenience method for {@code getElement}.
*
* @param index
* The zero-based index. Must be between 0 (inclusive) and the
* dimensionality of the vector (exclusive).
* @return
* The value at the index in the vector.
* @since 3.4.0
*/
public double get(
final int index);
/**
* Sets the value for an element at the zero-based index from the vector.
* It throws an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is out of range.
* It is a convenience method for {@code setElement}.
*
* @param index
* The zero-based index. Must be between 0 (inclusive) and the
* dimensionality of the vector (exclusive).
* @param value
* The value at the index in the vector.
* @since 3.4.0
*/
public void set(
final int index,
final double value);
/**
* Gets the zero-based indexed element from the Vector
*
* @param index
* zero-based index
* @return zero-based indexed element in the Vector
*/
public double getElement(
final int index );
/**
* Sets the zero-based indexed element in the Vector from the specified value
*
* @param index
* zero-based index
* @param value
* value to set the element in the Vector
*/
public void setElement(
final int index,
final double value );
/**
* Computes the outer matrix product between the two vectors
*
* @param other
* post-multiplied Vector with which to compute the outer product
* @return Outer matrix product, which will have dimensions
* (this.getDimensionality x other.getDimensionality) and WILL BE
* singular
*/
public Matrix outerProduct(
final Vector other );
/**
* Premultiplies the matrix by the vector "this"
* @param matrix
* Matrix to premultiply by "this", must have the same number of rows as
* the dimensionality of "this"
* @return
* Vector of dimension equal to the number of columns of "matrix"
*/
public Vector times(
final Matrix matrix );
/**
* Element-wise division of {@code this} by {@code other}. Note that if
* {@code other} has zero elements the result will contain {@code NaN}
* values.
*
* @param other
* The other ring whose elements will divide into this one.
* @return
* A new ring of equal size whose elements are equal to the
* corresponding element in {@code this} divided by the element in
* {@code other}.
*/
public Vector dotDivide(
final Vector other);
/**
* Inline element-wise division of {@code this} by {@code other}. Note
* that if {@code other} has zero elements this will contain {@code NaN}
* values.
*
* @param other
* The other vector whose elements will divide into this one.
*/
public void dotDivideEquals(
final Vector other);
/**
* Determines if this and other have the same
* number of dimensions (size)
*
* @param other
* vector to compare to
* @return true iff this.getDimensionality() == other.getDimensionality(),
* false otherwise
*/
public boolean checkSameDimensionality(
final Vector other );
/**
* Asserts that this vector has the same dimensionality as the given
* vector. If this assertion fails, a
* {@code DimensionalityMismatchException} is thrown.
*
* @param other The other vector to compare to.
*/
public void assertSameDimensionality(
final Vector other);
/**
* Asserts that the dimensionality of this vector equals the given
* dimensionality. If this assertion fails, a
* {@code DimensionalityMismatchException} is thrown.
*
* @param otherDimensionality The dimensionality of the.
*/
public void assertDimensionalityEquals(
final int otherDimensionality);
/**
* Stacks "other" below "this" and returns the stacked Vector
*
* @param other
* Vector to stack below "this"
* @return stacked Vector
*/
public Vector stack(
Vector other );
/**
* Gets a subvector of "this", specified by the inclusive indices
* @param minIndex minimum index to get (inclusive)
* @param maxIndex maximum index to get (inclusive)
* @return vector of dimension (maxIndex-minIndex+1)
*/
public Vector subVector(
final int minIndex,
final int maxIndex );
/**
* Applies the given function to each of the elements of this vector and
* returns a new vector with the result. Note that this is a dense operation
* where zero elements will be passed to the function.
*
* @param function
* The function from double to double to apply.
* @return
* A new vector whose elements represent the result of applying the
* function to corresponding element in this vector.
*/
public Vector transform(
final UnivariateScalarFunction function);
/**
* Applies the given function to each of the elements of this vector and
* returns a new vector with the result. Note that this is a dense operation
* where zero elements will be passed to the function.
*
* @param function
* The function from index and value to double to apply.
* @return
* A new vector whose elements represent the result of applying the
* function to corresponding element in this vector.
*/
public Vector transform(
final IndexValueTransform function);
/**
* Applies the given function to each of the elements of this vector and
* sets them to the result.
*
* @param function
* The function from double to double to apply.
*/
public void transformEquals(
final UnivariateScalarFunction function);
/**
* Applies the given function to each of the elements of this vector and
* sets them to the result.
*
* @param function
* The function from index and value to double to apply.
*/
public void transformEquals(
final IndexValueTransform function);
/**
* Applies the given function to each of the non-zero elements of this
* vector and returns a new vector with the result.
*
* @param function
* The function from double to double to apply to the non-zero
* elements.
* @return
* A new vector whose elements represent the result of applying the
* function to the corresponding element in this vector, except for
* zeros, which are exactly the same as in this vector.
*/
public Vector transformNonZeros(
final UnivariateScalarFunction function);
/**
* Applies the given function to each of the non-zero elements of this
* vector and returns a new vector with the result.
*
* @param function
* The function from index and value to double to apply to non-zero
* elements.
* @return
* A new vector whose elements represent the result of applying the
* function to the corresponding element in this vector, except for
* zeros, which are exactly the same as in this vector.
*/
public Vector transformNonZeros(
final IndexValueTransform function);
/**
* Applies the given function to each of the non-zero elements of this
* vector and sets them to the result.
*
* @param function
* The function from double to double to apply to the non-zero
* elements.
*/
public void transformNonZerosEquals(
final UnivariateScalarFunction function);
/**
* Applies the given function to each of the non-zero elements of this
* vector and sets them to the result.
*
* @param function
* The function from index and value to double to apply to non-zero
* elements.
*/
public void transformNonZerosEquals(
final IndexValueTransform function);
/**
* Applies the given function to each element in this vector. This is a
* dense operation that includes all values, even on a sparse vector.
*
* @param consumer
* The consumer for the entries. It is called for each element in
* the vector, in order by increasing index.
*/
public void forEachElement(
final IndexValueConsumer consumer);
/**
* Applies the given function to each active entry in this vector. This can
* be faster than looping over the entries using an iterator.
*
* @param consumer
* The consumer for the entries. It is called for each active entry in
* the vector, in order by increasing index.
*/
public void forEachEntry(
final IndexValueConsumer consumer);
/**
* Applies the given function to each non-zero entry in this vector. This
* can be faster than looping over the entries using an iterator.
*
* @param consumer
* The consumer for the non-zero entries. It is called for each
* non-zero entry in the vector, in order by increasing index.
*/
public void forEachNonZero(
final IndexValueConsumer consumer);
/**
* Increments the value of the given index by 1.
*
* @param index
* The index of the dimension to increment.
*/
public void increment(
final int index);
/**
* Increments the value of the given index by the given value.
*
* @param index
* The index of the dimension to increment.
* @param value
* The value to add.
*/
public void increment(
final int index,
final double value);
/**
* Decrements the value of the given index by 1.
*
* @param index
* The index of the dimension to decrement.
*/
public void decrement(
final int index);
/**
* Decrements the value of the given index by the given value.
*
* @param index
* The index of the dimension to decrement.
* @param value
* The value to subtract.
*/
public void decrement(
final int index,
final double value);
/**
* Returns true if this vector has a potentially sparse underlying
* structure. This can indicate that it is faster to only process the
* non-zero elements rather than to do dense operations on it. Of course,
* even with a sparse structure, there may be no zero elements or
* conversely even with a non-sparse (dense) structure there may be many
* zero elements.
*
* @return
* True if the vector has a potentially sparse structure. Otherwise,
* false.
*/
public boolean isSparse();
/**
* Gets the number of active entries in the vector. Must be between zero
* and the dimensionality.
*
* @return
* The number of active entries in the vector.
*/
public int getEntryCount();
/**
* Counts the number of non-zero entries in the vector. Must be between
* zero and the dimensionality. This operation may require evaluating all
* entries in the vector based on the implementation.
*
* @return
* The number of non-zero values in the vector.
*/
public int countNonZeros();
/**
* Converts this vector to a new array of doubles, in the same order as they
* are in the vector. The returned will be safe in that no references are
* maintained by this vector.
*
* @return
* The vector as a dense array of doubles. Its length will be equal to
* the dimensionality of the vector.
*/
public double[] toArray();
/**
* Gets a view of this vector as a list. The list is the same size as
* this array.
*
* @return
* A list representing this array.
*/
public List valuesAsList();
@Override
public String toString();
/**
* Converts the vector to a {@code String}, using the given formatter.
*
* @param format The number format to use.
* @return The string representation of the vector.
*/
public String toString(
final NumberFormat format);
/**
* Converts the vector to a {@code String}, using the given formatter and
* delimiter.
*
* @param format The number format to use.
* @param delimiter The delimiter to use.
* @return The string representation of the vector.
*/
public String toString(
final NumberFormat format,
final String delimiter);
/**
* Gets a vector factory associated with this kind of vector.
*
* @return
* The associated factory.
*/
public VectorFactory getVectorFactory();
/**
* Defines the functionality for a consumer of vector entries, which are an
* index and a value. Typically this interface is used in conjunction with
* the Vector forEachEntry method.
*
* @since 3.4.2
*/
public interface IndexValueConsumer
{
/**
* Consumes one entry in the vector.
*
* @param index
* The vector index. Cannot be negative.
* @param value
* The value in the vector for that index.
*/
public void consume(
final int index,
final double value);
}
/**
* Defines the functionality for a transform of vector entries, which are an
* index and a value and return the new value. Typically this interface is
* used in conjunction with the Vector transform method.
*
* @since 3.4.3
*/
public interface IndexValueTransform
{
/**
* Transforms one entry in the vector to a new value.
*
* @param index
* The vector index. Cannot be negative.
* @param value
* The value in the vector for that index.
* @return
* The new value for that index.
*/
public double transform(
final int index,
final double value);
}
}
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