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An easy to use Application Programming Interface (API) for working with MARC and MARCXML in
Java.
/**
* Copyright (C) 2004 Bas Peters
*
* This file is part of MARC4J
*
* MARC4J is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* MARC4J is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with MARC4J; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
package org.marc4j;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.EOFException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import org.marc4j.converter.CharConverter;
import info.freelibrary.marc4j.converter.impl.AnselToUnicode;
import org.marc4j.marc.ControlField;
import org.marc4j.marc.DataField;
import org.marc4j.marc.Leader;
import org.marc4j.marc.MarcFactory;
import org.marc4j.marc.Record;
import org.marc4j.marc.Subfield;
/**
* An iterator over a collection of MARC records in ISO 2709 format.
*
* Example usage:
*
*
* InputStream input = new FileInputStream("file.mrc");
* MarcReader reader = new MarcStreamReader(input);
* while (reader.hasNext()) {
* Record record = reader.next();
* // Process record
* }
*
*
* Check the {@link org.marc4j.marc} package for examples about the use of
* the {@link org.marc4j.marc.Record} object model.
*
*
* When no encoding is given as an constructor argument the parser tries to
* resolve the encoding by looking at the character coding scheme (leader
* position 9) in MARC21 records. For UNIMARC records this position is not
* defined.
*
*
* @author Bas Peters
*/
public class MarcStreamReader implements MarcReader {
private DataInputStream input = null;
private Record record;
private MarcFactory factory;
private String encoding = "ISO8859_1";
private boolean override = false;
private CharConverter converterAnsel = null;
/**
* Constructs an instance with the specified input stream.
*/
public MarcStreamReader(InputStream input) {
this(input, null);
}
/**
* Constructs an instance with the specified input stream.
*/
public MarcStreamReader(InputStream input, String encoding) {
this.input =
new DataInputStream((input.markSupported()) ? input
: new BufferedInputStream(input));
factory = MarcFactory.newInstance();
if (encoding != null) {
this.encoding = encoding;
override = true;
}
}
/**
* Returns true if the iteration has more records, false otherwise.
*/
public boolean hasNext() {
try {
input.mark(10);
if (input.read() == -1) {
return false;
}
input.reset();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new MarcException(e.getMessage(), e);
}
return true;
}
/**
* Returns the next record in the iteration.
*
* @return Record - the record object
*/
public Record next() {
record = factory.newRecord();
try {
byte[] byteArray = new byte[24];
input.readFully(byteArray);
int recordLength = parseRecordLength(byteArray);
byte[] recordBuf = new byte[recordLength - 24];
input.readFully(recordBuf);
parseRecord(record, byteArray, recordBuf, recordLength);
return (record);
} catch (EOFException e) {
throw new MarcException("Premature end of file encountered", e);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new MarcException("an error occured reading input", e);
}
}
private void parseRecord(Record record, byte[] byteArray, byte[] recordBuf,
int recordLength) {
Leader ldr;
ldr = factory.newLeader();
ldr.setRecordLength(recordLength);
int directoryLength = 0;
try {
parseLeader(ldr, byteArray);
directoryLength = ldr.getBaseAddressOfData() - (24 + 1);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new MarcException("error parsing leader with data: " +
new String(byteArray), e);
} catch (MarcException e) {
throw new MarcException("error parsing leader with data: " +
new String(byteArray), e);
}
// if MARC 21 then check encoding
switch (ldr.getCharCodingScheme()) {
case ' ':
if (!override) {
encoding = "ISO-8859-1";
}
break;
case 'a':
if (!override) {
encoding = "UTF8";
}
}
record.setLeader(ldr);
if ((directoryLength % 12) != 0) {
throw new MarcException("invalid directory");
}
DataInputStream inputrec =
new DataInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(recordBuf));
int size = directoryLength / 12;
String[] tags = new String[size];
int[] lengths = new int[size];
byte[] tag = new byte[3];
byte[] length = new byte[4];
byte[] start = new byte[5];
String tmp;
try {
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
inputrec.readFully(tag);
tmp = new String(tag);
tags[i] = tmp;
inputrec.readFully(length);
tmp = new String(length);
lengths[i] = Integer.parseInt(tmp);
inputrec.readFully(start);
}
if (inputrec.read() != Constants.FT) {
throw new MarcException(
"expected field terminator at end of directory");
}
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
getFieldLength(inputrec);
// If tag is for a ControlField; else, try as DataField
if (Constants.CF_TAG_PATTERN.matcher(tags[i]).find()) {
byteArray = new byte[lengths[i] - 1];
inputrec.readFully(byteArray);
if (inputrec.read() != Constants.FT) {
throw new MarcException(
"expected field terminator at end of field");
}
ControlField field = factory.newControlField();
field.setTag(tags[i]);
field.setData(getDataAsString(byteArray));
record.addVariableField(field);
} else {
byteArray = new byte[lengths[i]];
inputrec.readFully(byteArray);
try {
record.addVariableField(parseDataField(tags[i],
byteArray));
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new MarcException(
"error parsing data field for tag: " + tags[i] +
" with data: " + new String(byteArray),
e);
}
}
}
if (inputrec.read() != Constants.RT) {
throw new MarcException("expected record terminator");
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new MarcException("an error occured reading input", e);
}
}
private DataField parseDataField(String tag, byte[] field)
throws IOException {
ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(field);
char ind1 = (char) bais.read();
char ind2 = (char) bais.read();
DataField dataField = factory.newDataField();
dataField.setTag(tag);
dataField.setIndicator1(ind1);
dataField.setIndicator2(ind2);
int code;
int size;
int readByte;
byte[] data;
Subfield subfield;
while (true) {
readByte = bais.read();
if (readByte < 0) {
break;
}
switch (readByte) {
case Constants.US:
code = bais.read();
if (code < 0) {
throw new IOException("unexpected end of data field");
}
if (code == Constants.FT) {
break;
}
size = getSubfieldLength(bais);
data = new byte[size];
bais.read(data);
subfield = factory.newSubfield();
subfield.setCode((char) code);
subfield.setData(getDataAsString(data));
dataField.addSubfield(subfield);
break;
case Constants.FT:
break;
}
}
return dataField;
}
private int getFieldLength(DataInputStream bais) throws IOException {
bais.mark(9999);
int bytesRead = 0;
while (true) {
switch (bais.read()) {
case Constants.FT:
bais.reset();
return bytesRead;
case -1:
bais.reset();
throw new IOException("Field not terminated");
case Constants.US:
default:
bytesRead++;
}
}
}
private int getSubfieldLength(ByteArrayInputStream bais) throws IOException {
bais.mark(9999);
int bytesRead = 0;
while (true) {
switch (bais.read()) {
case Constants.US:
case Constants.FT:
bais.reset();
return bytesRead;
case -1:
bais.reset();
throw new IOException("subfield not terminated");
default:
bytesRead++;
}
}
}
private int parseRecordLength(byte[] leaderData) throws IOException {
InputStreamReader isr =
new InputStreamReader(new ByteArrayInputStream(leaderData),
"ISO-8859-1");
int length = -1;
char[] tmp = new char[5];
isr.read(tmp);
try {
length = Integer.parseInt(new String(tmp));
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
throw new MarcException("unable to parse record length", e);
}
return (length);
}
private void parseLeader(Leader ldr, byte[] leaderData) throws IOException {
InputStreamReader isr =
new InputStreamReader(new ByteArrayInputStream(leaderData),
"ISO-8859-1");
char[] tmp = new char[5];
isr.read(tmp);
// Skip over bytes for record length, If we get here, its already been
// computed.
ldr.setRecordStatus((char) isr.read());
ldr.setTypeOfRecord((char) isr.read());
tmp = new char[2];
isr.read(tmp);
ldr.setImplDefined1(tmp);
ldr.setCharCodingScheme((char) isr.read());
char indicatorCount = (char) isr.read();
char subfieldCodeLength = (char) isr.read();
char baseAddr[] = new char[5];
isr.read(baseAddr);
tmp = new char[3];
isr.read(tmp);
ldr.setImplDefined2(tmp);
tmp = new char[4];
isr.read(tmp);
ldr.setEntryMap(tmp);
isr.close();
try {
ldr.setIndicatorCount(Integer.parseInt(String
.valueOf(indicatorCount)));
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
throw new MarcException("unable to parse indicator count", e);
}
try {
ldr.setSubfieldCodeLength(Integer.parseInt(String
.valueOf(subfieldCodeLength)));
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
throw new MarcException("unable to parse subfield code length", e);
}
try {
ldr.setBaseAddressOfData(Integer.parseInt(new String(baseAddr)));
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
throw new MarcException("unable to parse base address of data", e);
}
}
private String getDataAsString(byte[] bytes) {
String dataElement = null;
if (encoding.equals("UTF-8") || encoding.equals("UTF8")) {
try {
dataElement = new String(bytes, "UTF8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
throw new MarcException("unsupported encoding", e);
}
} else if (encoding.equals("MARC-8") || encoding.equals("MARC8")) {
if (converterAnsel == null) {
converterAnsel = new AnselToUnicode();
}
dataElement = converterAnsel.convert(bytes);
} else if (encoding.equals("ISO-8859-1") ||
encoding.equals("ISO8859_1") || encoding.equals("ISO_8859_1")) {
try {
dataElement = new String(bytes, "ISO-8859-1");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
throw new MarcException("unsupported encoding", e);
}
}
return dataElement;
}
}
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