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Metrics is a Java library which gives you unparalleled insight into what your code does in production. Metrics provides a powerful toolkit of ways to measure the behavior of critical components in your production environment.

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package com.codahale.metrics;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;

/**
 * A {@link Gauge} implementation which caches its value for a period of time.
 *
 * @param  the type of the gauge's value
 */
public abstract class CachedGauge implements Gauge {
    private final Clock clock;
    private final AtomicLong reloadAt;
    private final long timeoutNS;
    private final AtomicReference value;

    /**
     * Creates a new cached gauge with the given timeout period.
     *
     * @param timeout     the timeout
     * @param timeoutUnit the unit of {@code timeout}
     */
    protected CachedGauge(long timeout, TimeUnit timeoutUnit) {
        this(Clock.defaultClock(), timeout, timeoutUnit);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new cached gauge with the given clock and timeout period.
     *
     * @param clock       the clock used to calculate the timeout
     * @param timeout     the timeout
     * @param timeoutUnit the unit of {@code timeout}
     */
    protected CachedGauge(Clock clock, long timeout, TimeUnit timeoutUnit) {
        this.clock = clock;
        this.reloadAt = new AtomicLong(clock.getTick());
        this.timeoutNS = timeoutUnit.toNanos(timeout);
        this.value = new AtomicReference<>();
    }

    /**
     * Loads the value and returns it.
     *
     * @return the new value
     */
    protected abstract T loadValue();

    @Override
    public T getValue() {
        T currentValue = this.value.get();
        if (shouldLoad() || currentValue == null) {
            T newValue = loadValue();
            if (!this.value.compareAndSet(currentValue, newValue)) {
                return this.value.get();
            }
            return newValue;
        }
        return currentValue;
    }

    private boolean shouldLoad() {
        for ( ;; ) {
            final long time = clock.getTick();
            final long current = reloadAt.get();
            if (current > time) {
                return false;
            }
            if (reloadAt.compareAndSet(current, time + timeoutNS)) {
                return true;
            }
        }
    }
}