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Automated driver management and other helper features for Selenium WebDriver in Java

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/*
 * (C) Copyright 2015 Boni Garcia (https://bonigarcia.github.io/)
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 *
 */
package io.github.bonigarcia.wdm;

import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.Architecture.ARM64;
import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.Architecture.X32;
import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.Architecture.X64;
import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.Config.isNullOrEmpty;
import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.DriverManagerType.CHROME;
import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.DriverManagerType.CHROMIUM;
import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.DriverManagerType.EDGE;
import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.DriverManagerType.FIREFOX;
import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.DriverManagerType.IEXPLORER;
import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.DriverManagerType.OPERA;
import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.OperatingSystem.LINUX;
import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.OperatingSystem.MAC;
import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.OperatingSystem.WIN;
import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.online.Downloader.deleteFile;
import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.versions.Shell.runAndWait;
import static io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.versions.VersionDetector.getWdmVersion;
import static java.lang.Integer.parseInt;
import static java.lang.String.valueOf;
import static java.lang.System.getenv;
import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.lookup;
import static java.nio.charset.Charset.defaultCharset;
import static java.util.Collections.sort;
import static java.util.Locale.ROOT;
import static java.util.Optional.empty;
import static java.util.regex.Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE;
import static java.util.regex.Pattern.compile;
import static javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants.NODESET;
import static javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory.newInstance;
import static org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils.cleanDirectory;
import static org.apache.commons.io.FilenameUtils.removeExtension;
import static org.apache.commons.io.FilenameUtils.separatorsToUnix;
import static org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils.isNumeric;
import static org.apache.commons.lang3.SystemUtils.IS_OS_LINUX;
import static org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FilenameFilter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
import java.util.zip.ZipEntry;
import java.util.zip.ZipOutputStream;

import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.classic.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.ClassicHttpResponse;
import org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.MutableCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.HasExtensions;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.LogEntries;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.LogEntry;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.LogType;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.LoggingPreferences;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.Augmenter;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.SessionId;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder;
import com.google.gson.internal.LinkedTreeMap;

import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.cache.CacheHandler;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.cache.ResolutionCache;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.Architecture;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.Config;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.DriverManagerType;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.OperatingSystem;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.config.WebDriverManagerException;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.docker.DockerContainer;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.docker.DockerService;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.managers.ChromeDriverManager;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.managers.ChromiumDriverManager;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.managers.EdgeDriverManager;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.managers.FirefoxDriverManager;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.managers.InternetExplorerDriverManager;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.managers.OperaDriverManager;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.managers.SafariDriverManager;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.managers.VoidDriverManager;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.online.Downloader;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.online.GitHubApi;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.online.HttpClient;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.online.NpmMirror;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.online.S3NamespaceContext;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.online.UrlHandler;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.versions.VersionComparator;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.versions.VersionDetector;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.webdriver.WebDriverBrowser;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.webdriver.WebDriverCreator;

/**
 * Parent driver manager.
 *
 * @author Boni Garcia
 * @since 2.1.0
 */
public abstract class WebDriverManager {

    protected static final Logger log = getLogger(lookup().lookupClass());

    protected static final String SLASH = "/";
    protected static final String DASH = "-";
    protected static final String LATEST_RELEASE = "LATEST_RELEASE";
    protected static final NamespaceContext S3_NAMESPACE_CONTEXT = new S3NamespaceContext();
    protected static final String IN_DOCKER = "-in-docker";
    protected static final String CLI_SERVER = "server";
    protected static final String CLI_RESOLVER = "resolveDriverFor";
    protected static final String CLI_DOCKER = "runInDocker";
    protected static final String BROWSER_WATCHER_ID = "kbnnckbeejhjlljpgelfponodpecfapp";

    protected abstract List getDriverUrls(String driverVersion)
            throws IOException;

    protected abstract String getDriverName();

    protected abstract String getDriverVersion();

    protected abstract void setDriverVersion(String driverVersion);

    protected abstract String getBrowserVersion();

    protected abstract void setBrowserVersion(String browserVersion);

    protected abstract void setDriverUrl(URL url);

    protected abstract URL getDriverUrl();

    protected abstract Optional getMirrorUrl();

    protected abstract Optional getExportParameter();

    public abstract DriverManagerType getDriverManagerType();

    public abstract WebDriverManager exportParameter(String exportParameter);

    protected Config config;
    protected HttpClient httpClient;
    protected Downloader downloader;
    protected ResolutionCache resolutionCache;
    protected CacheHandler cacheHandler;
    protected VersionDetector versionDetector;
    protected WebDriverCreator webDriverCreator;
    protected DockerService dockerService;

    protected int retryCount = 0;
    protected Capabilities capabilities;
    protected boolean shutdownHook = false;
    protected boolean dockerEnabled = false;
    protected boolean androidEnabled = false;
    protected boolean watchEnabled = false;
    protected boolean displayEnabled = false;
    protected boolean disableCsp = false;
    protected boolean isHeadless = false;
    protected List webDriverList;
    protected String resolvedBrowserVersion;

    protected String downloadedDriverVersion;
    protected String downloadedDriverPath;

    protected WebDriverManager() {
        Optional wdVersion = getWdmVersion(getClass());
        if (wdVersion.isPresent()) {
            log.debug("Using WebDriverManager {}", wdVersion.get());
        }
        config = new Config();
        webDriverList = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
    }

    public synchronized Config config() {
        return Optional.ofNullable(config).orElse(new Config());
    }

    public static synchronized WebDriverManager chromedriver() {
        return new ChromeDriverManager();
    }

    public static synchronized WebDriverManager chromiumdriver() {
        return new ChromiumDriverManager();
    }

    public static synchronized WebDriverManager firefoxdriver() {
        return new FirefoxDriverManager();
    }

    public static synchronized WebDriverManager operadriver() {
        return new OperaDriverManager();
    }

    public static synchronized WebDriverManager edgedriver() {
        return new EdgeDriverManager();
    }

    public static synchronized WebDriverManager iedriver() {
        return new InternetExplorerDriverManager();
    }

    public static synchronized WebDriverManager safaridriver() {
        return new SafariDriverManager();
    }

    protected static synchronized WebDriverManager voiddriver() {
        return new VoidDriverManager();
    }

    public static synchronized WebDriverManager getInstance(
            DriverManagerType driverManagerType) {
        // This condition is necessary for compatibility between Selenium 3 and
        // 4 (since in Selenium 4, the class
        // org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriver is not available)
        if (driverManagerType == CHROMIUM) {
            return chromiumdriver();
        }
        return getDriver(driverManagerType.browserClass());
    }

    public static synchronized WebDriverManager getInstance(
            String browserName) {
        DriverManagerType managerType;
        String browserNameUpperCase = browserName.toUpperCase(ROOT);
        switch (browserNameUpperCase) {
        case "OPERABLINK":
            managerType = OPERA;
            break;
        case "MSEDGE":
        case "MICROSOFTEDGE":
            managerType = EDGE;
            break;
        case "INTERNET EXPLORER":
            managerType = IEXPLORER;
            break;
        default:
            try {
                managerType = DriverManagerType.valueOf(browserNameUpperCase);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                String errorMessage = String.format(
                        "The browser name '%s' is not recognized", browserName);
                log.trace(errorMessage);
                throw new WebDriverManagerException(errorMessage, e);
            }
            break;
        }
        return getInstance(managerType);
    }

    public static synchronized WebDriverManager getInstance(
            Class webDriverClass) {
        return getDriver(webDriverClass.getName());
    }

    protected static synchronized WebDriverManager getDriver(
            String webDriverClass) {
        switch (webDriverClass) {
        case "org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver":
            return chromedriver();
        case "org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriver":
            return chromiumdriver();
        case "org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver":
            return firefoxdriver();
        case "org.openqa.selenium.opera.OperaDriver":
            return operadriver();
        case "org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver":
            return iedriver();
        case "org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver":
            return edgedriver();
        case "org.openqa.selenium.safari.SafariDriver":
            return safaridriver();
        default:
            return voiddriver();
        }
    }

    public static synchronized WebDriverManager getInstance() {
        WebDriverManager manager = voiddriver();
        String defaultBrowser = manager.config().getDefaultBrowser();
        try {
            if (defaultBrowser.contains(IN_DOCKER)) {
                defaultBrowser = defaultBrowser.substring(0,
                        defaultBrowser.indexOf(IN_DOCKER));
                manager = getInstance(DriverManagerType
                        .valueOf(defaultBrowser.toUpperCase(ROOT)));
                manager.dockerEnabled = true;

            } else {
                manager = getInstance(DriverManagerType
                        .valueOf(defaultBrowser.toUpperCase(ROOT)));
            }
            return manager;

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Error trying to get manager for browser {}",
                    defaultBrowser, e);
        }
        return manager;
    }

    public static Path zipFolder(Path sourceFolder) {
        Path zipFile = null;
        try {
            zipFile = Files.createTempFile("", ".zip");
            try (ZipOutputStream zipOutputStream = new ZipOutputStream(
                    Files.newOutputStream(zipFile));
                    Stream paths = Files.walk(sourceFolder)) {
                paths.filter(path -> !Files.isDirectory(path)).forEach(path -> {
                    ZipEntry zipEntry = new ZipEntry(separatorsToUnix(
                            sourceFolder.relativize(path).toString()));
                    try {
                        zipOutputStream.putNextEntry(zipEntry);
                        Files.copy(path, zipOutputStream);
                        zipOutputStream.closeEntry();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        log.warn("Exception adding entry {} to zip", zipEntry,
                                e);
                    }
                });
            }
            log.debug("Zipping {} folder to {}", sourceFolder, zipFile);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.warn("Exception zipping folder {}", sourceFolder, e);
        }
        return zipFile;
    }

    public static boolean isDockerAvailable() {
        String dockerInfo = runAndWait(false, "docker", "info");
        return !isNullOrEmpty(dockerInfo) && !dockerInfo.contains("error")
                && dockerInfo.contains("linux");
    }

    public static boolean isOnline(String url) {
        try {
            return isOnline(new URL(url));
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    public static boolean isOnline(URL url) {
        try {
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url
                    .openConnection();
            return connection.getResponseCode() == 200;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    public synchronized void setup() {
        cacheHandler = new CacheHandler(config());
        httpClient = new HttpClient(config());
        downloader = new Downloader(getHttpClient(), config(),
                this::postDownload);

        if (config().isClearDriverCache()) {
            clearDriverCache();
        }
        if (config().isClearResolutionCache()) {
            clearResolutionCache();
        }
        if (isUsingDocker() || !isNullOrEmpty(config().getRemoteAddress())) {
            return;
        }
        if (getDriverManagerType() != null) {
            manage(getDriverVersion());
        }
    }

    public synchronized WebDriver create() {
        setup();
        return instantiateDriver();
    }

    public synchronized List create(int numberOfBrowser) {
        List browserList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfBrowser; i++) {
            if (i == 0) {
                setup();
            }
            browserList.add(instantiateDriver());
        }
        return browserList;
    }

    public Optional getBrowserPath() {
        return getVersionDetector().getBrowserPath(
                getDriverManagerType().getBrowserNameLowerCase());
    }

    public WebDriverManager browserInDocker() {
        dockerEnabled = true;
        return this;
    }

    protected boolean isUsingDocker() {
        return dockerEnabled && getDockerService().getDockerClient() != null;
    }

    public WebDriverManager browserInDockerAndroid() {
        throw new WebDriverManagerException(
                getDriverManagerType().getBrowserName()
                        + " is not available in Docker Android");
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerDaemonUrl(String daemonUrl) {
        config().setDockerDaemonUrl(daemonUrl);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerNetwork(String network) {
        config().setDockerNetwork(network);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerTimezone(String timezone) {
        config().setDockerTimezone(timezone);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerLang(String lang) {
        config().setDockerLang(lang);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerShmSize(String size) {
        config().setDockerShmSize(size);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerTmpfsSize(String size) {
        config().setDockerTmpfsSize(size);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerTmpfsMount(String mount) {
        config().setDockerTmpfsMount(mount);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerVolumes(String... volumes) {
        config().setDockerVolumes(String.join(",", volumes));
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerExtraHosts(String... hosts) {
        config().setDockerExtraHosts(String.join(",", hosts));
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerScreenResolution(String screenResolution) {
        config().setDockerScreenResolution(screenResolution);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerRecordingFrameRate(int frameRate) {
        config().setDockerRecordingFrameRate(frameRate);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerAvoidPulling() {
        config().setDockerAvoidPulling(true);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager avoidDockerLocalFallback() {
        config().setDockerLocalFallback(false);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager avoidShutdownHook() {
        config().setAvoidShutdownHook(true);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager enableVnc() {
        config().setDockerEnabledVnc(true);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager viewOnly() {
        config().setDockerViewOnly(true);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager enableRecording() {
        config().setDockerEnabledRecording(true);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager disableTracing() {
        config().setEnableTracing(false);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerRecordingPrefix(String prefix) {
        config().setDockerRecordingPrefix(prefix);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerRecordingOutput(String path) {
        return dockerRecordingOutput(Paths.get(path));
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerRecordingOutput(Path path) {
        config().setDockerRecordingOutput(path);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerPrivateEndpoint(String endpoint) {
        config().setDockerPrivateEndpoint(endpoint);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerStopTimeoutSec(Integer timeout) {
        config().setDockerStopTimeoutSec(timeout);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager watch() {
        watchEnabled = true;
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager watchAndDisplay() {
        displayEnabled = true;
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager disableCsp() {
        disableCsp = true;
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager capabilities(Capabilities capabilities) {
        this.capabilities = capabilities;
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager remoteAddress(String remoteAddress) {
        config().setRemoteAddress(remoteAddress);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager remoteAddress(URL remoteAddress) {
        config().setRemoteAddress(remoteAddress.toString());
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager dockerCustomImage(String dockerImage) {
        config().setDockerCustomImage(dockerImage);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager driverVersion(String driverVersion) {
        setDriverVersion(driverVersion);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager browserVersion(String browserVersion) {
        setBrowserVersion(browserVersion);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager architecture(Architecture architecture) {
        config().setArchitecture(architecture);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager arch32() {
        architecture(X32);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager arch64() {
        architecture(X64);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager arm64() {
        architecture(ARM64);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager win() {
        operatingSystem(WIN);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager linux() {
        operatingSystem(LINUX);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager mac() {
        operatingSystem(MAC);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager operatingSystem(OperatingSystem os) {
        config().setOs(os.name());
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager forceDownload() {
        config().setForceDownload(true);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager driverRepositoryUrl(URL url) {
        setDriverUrl(url);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager useMirror() {
        Optional mirrorUrl = getMirrorUrl();
        if (!mirrorUrl.isPresent()) {
            throw new WebDriverManagerException("Mirror URL not available");
        }
        config().setUseMirror(true);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager proxy(String proxy) {
        config().setProxy(proxy);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager proxyUser(String proxyUser) {
        config().setProxyUser(proxyUser);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager proxyPass(String proxyPass) {
        config().setProxyPass(proxyPass);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager useBetaVersions() {
        config().setUseBetaVersions(true);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager ignoreDriverVersions(String... driverVersions) {
        config().setIgnoreVersions(driverVersions);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager gitHubToken(String gitHubToken) {
        config().setGitHubToken(gitHubToken);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager timeout(int timeout) {
        config().setTimeout(timeout);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager properties(String properties) {
        config().setProperties(properties);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager cachePath(String cachePath) {
        config().setCachePath(cachePath);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager resolutionCachePath(String resolutionCachePath) {
        config().setResolutionCachePath(resolutionCachePath);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager avoidExport() {
        config().setAvoidExport(true);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager avoidOutputTree() {
        config().setAvoidOutputTree(true);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager avoidBrowserDetection() {
        config().setAvoidBrowserDetection(true);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager avoidResolutionCache() {
        config().setAvoidResolutionCache(true);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager avoidFallback() {
        config().setAvoidFallback(true);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager avoidReadReleaseFromRepository() {
        config().setAvoidReadReleaseFromRepository(true);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager avoidTmpFolder() {
        config().setAvoidTmpFolder(true);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager avoidUseChromiumDriverSnap() {
        config().setUseChromiumDriverSnap(false);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager ttl(int seconds) {
        config().setTtl(seconds);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager ttlBrowsers(int seconds) {
        config().setTtlForBrowsers(seconds);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager browserVersionDetectionCommand(
            String browserVersionCommand) {
        config().setBrowserVersionDetectionCommand(browserVersionCommand);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager useLocalVersionsPropertiesFirst() {
        config().setVersionsPropertiesOnlineFirst(false);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager useLocalCommandsPropertiesFirst() {
        config().setCommandsPropertiesOnlineFirst(false);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager versionsPropertiesUrl(URL url) {
        config().setVersionsPropertiesUrl(url);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager commandsPropertiesUrl(URL url) {
        config().setCommandsPropertiesUrl(url);
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager clearResolutionCache() {
        getResolutionCache().clear();
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager clearDriverCache() {
        File cacheFolder = config().getCacheFolder();
        try {
            log.debug("Clearing driver cache at {}", cacheFolder);
            cleanDirectory(cacheFolder);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.warn("Exception deleting driver cache at {}", cacheFolder, e);
        }
        return this;
    }

    public WebDriverManager browserVersionDetectionRegex(String regex) {
        config().setBrowserVersionDetectionRegex(regex);
        return this;
    }

    public void reset() {
        config().reset();
        retryCount = 0;
        shutdownHook = false;
        dockerEnabled = false;
        androidEnabled = false;
        watchEnabled = false;
        displayEnabled = false;
        capabilities = null;
        resolvedBrowserVersion = null;
    }

    // ------------

    public String getDownloadedDriverPath() {
        return downloadedDriverPath;
    }

    public String getDownloadedDriverVersion() {
        return downloadedDriverVersion;
    }

    public List getDriverVersions() {
        List driverVersionList = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            List driverUrls = isUseMirror()
                    ? getDriversFromMirror(getMirrorUrl().get(), "")
                    : getDriverUrls("");

            for (URL url : driverUrls) {
                String driverVersion = getCurrentVersion(url);
                if (driverVersion.isEmpty()
                        || driverVersion.equalsIgnoreCase("icons")
                        || driverVersion.equalsIgnoreCase(getDriverName())) {
                    continue;
                }
                if (!driverVersionList.contains(driverVersion)) {
                    driverVersionList.add(driverVersion);
                }
            }
            log.trace("Driver version list before sorting {}",
                    driverVersionList);
            sort(driverVersionList, new VersionComparator());

            return driverVersionList;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new WebDriverManagerException(e);
        }
    }

    public WebDriver getWebDriver() {
        List driverList = getWebDriverList();
        return driverList.isEmpty() ? null : driverList.iterator().next();
    }

    public List getWebDriverList() {
        List webdriverList = new ArrayList<>();
        if (webDriverList.isEmpty()) {
            log.warn("WebDriver object(s) not available");
        } else {
            webdriverList = webDriverList.stream()
                    .map(WebDriverBrowser::getDriver)
                    .collect(Collectors.toList());
        }
        return webdriverList;
    }

    public synchronized void quit() {
        webDriverList.stream().forEach(this::quit);
        webDriverList.clear();
    }

    public synchronized void quit(WebDriver driver) {
        Optional webDriverBrowser = findWebDriverBrowser(
                driver);
        if (webDriverBrowser.isPresent()) {
            WebDriverBrowser driverBrowser = webDriverBrowser.get();
            quit(driverBrowser);
            webDriverList.remove(driverBrowser);
        }
    }

    public synchronized void stopDockerRecording() {
        webDriverList.stream().forEach(this::stopDockerRecording);
    }

    public synchronized void stopDockerRecording(WebDriver driver) {
        Optional webDriverBrowser = findWebDriverBrowser(
                driver);
        if (webDriverBrowser.isPresent()) {
            stopDockerRecording(webDriverBrowser.get());
        }
    }

    protected synchronized void stopDockerRecording(
            WebDriverBrowser driverBrowser) {
        List dockerContainerList = driverBrowser
                .getDockerContainerList();
        if (dockerContainerList != null && !dockerContainerList.isEmpty()) {
            DockerContainer recorderContainer = dockerContainerList.get(0);
            if (recorderContainer.getImageId()
                    .equals(config().getDockerRecordingImage())) {
                getDockerService().stopAndRemoveContainer(recorderContainer);
                dockerContainerList.remove(0);
            }
        }
    }

    protected synchronized void quit(WebDriverBrowser driverBrowser) {
        try {
            WebDriver driver = driverBrowser.getDriver();
            if (driver != null) {
                SessionId sessionId = ((RemoteWebDriver) driver).getSessionId();
                if (sessionId != null) {
                    log.debug("Quitting {}", driver);
                    driver.quit();
                }
            }

            List dockerContainerList = driverBrowser
                    .getDockerContainerList();
            if (dockerContainerList != null) {
                dockerContainerList.stream()
                        .forEach(getDockerService()::stopAndRemoveContainer);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.warn("Exception closing {} ({})", driverBrowser.getDriver(),
                    e.getMessage(), e);
        }
    }

    public String getDockerBrowserContainerId(WebDriver driver) {
        return (String) getPropertyFromWebDriverBrowser(driver,
                WebDriverBrowser::getBrowserContainerId);
    }

    public String getDockerBrowserContainerId() {
        return (String) getPropertyFromFirstWebDriverBrowser(
                WebDriverBrowser::getBrowserContainerId);
    }

    public URL getDockerSeleniumServerUrl(WebDriver driver) {
        return (URL) getPropertyFromWebDriverBrowser(driver,
                WebDriverBrowser::getSeleniumServerUrl);
    }

    public URL getDockerSeleniumServerUrl() {
        return (URL) getPropertyFromFirstWebDriverBrowser(
                WebDriverBrowser::getSeleniumServerUrl);
    }

    public URL getDockerNoVncUrl(WebDriver driver) {
        return (URL) getPropertyFromWebDriverBrowser(driver,
                WebDriverBrowser::getNoVncUrl);
    }

    public URL getDockerNoVncUrl() {
        return (URL) getPropertyFromFirstWebDriverBrowser(
                WebDriverBrowser::getNoVncUrl);
    }

    public String getDockerVncUrl(WebDriver driver) {
        return (String) getPropertyFromWebDriverBrowser(driver,
                WebDriverBrowser::getVncUrl);
    }

    public String getDockerVncUrl() {
        return (String) getPropertyFromFirstWebDriverBrowser(
                WebDriverBrowser::getVncUrl);
    }

    public Path getDockerRecordingPath(WebDriver driver) {
        return (Path) getPropertyFromWebDriverBrowser(driver,
                WebDriverBrowser::getRecordingPath);
    }

    public Path getDockerRecordingPath() {
        return (Path) getPropertyFromFirstWebDriverBrowser(
                WebDriverBrowser::getRecordingPath);
    }

    public void startRecording(WebDriver driver) {
        Optional webDriverBrowser = findWebDriverBrowser(
                driver);
        if (webDriverBrowser.isPresent()) {
            webDriverBrowser.get().startRecording();
        }
    }

    public void startRecording() {
        webDriverList.get(0).startRecording();
    }

    public void startRecording(WebDriver driver, String recordingName) {
        Optional webDriverBrowser = findWebDriverBrowser(
                driver);
        if (webDriverBrowser.isPresent()) {
            webDriverBrowser.get().startRecording(recordingName);
        }
    }

    public void startRecording(String recordingName) {
        webDriverList.get(0).startRecording(recordingName);
    }

    public void stopRecording(WebDriver driver) {
        Optional webDriverBrowser = findWebDriverBrowser(
                driver);
        if (webDriverBrowser.isPresent()) {
            webDriverBrowser.get().stopRecording();
        }
    }

    public void stopRecording() {
        webDriverList.get(0).stopRecording();
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public List> getLogs(WebDriver driver) {
        List> logs = new ArrayList<>();
        if (isHeadless) {
            LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);
            SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(
                    "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS");
            for (LogEntry logEntry : logEntries) {
                Map entry = new HashMap<>();
                entry.put("datetime",
                        dateFormat.format(new Date(logEntry.getTimestamp())));
                entry.put("source", "LoggingPreferences");
                entry.put("type", logEntry.getLevel());
                entry.put("message", logEntry.getMessage());
                logs.add(entry);
            }

        } else {
            logs = (List>) getPropertyFromWebDriverBrowser(
                    driver, WebDriverBrowser::readLogs);
        }
        return logs;
    }

    public List> getLogs() {
        return getLogs(webDriverList.get(0).getDriver());
    }

    public synchronized DockerService getDockerService() {
        if (dockerService == null) {
            dockerService = new DockerService(config(), getHttpClient(),
                    getResolutionCache());
        }
        return dockerService;
    }

    public WebDriverManager exportParameter(
            DriverManagerType driverManagerType) {
        switch (driverManagerType) {
        case CHROME:
        case CHROMIUM:
            exportParameter(config().getChromeDriverExport());
            break;
        case FIREFOX:
            exportParameter(config().getFirefoxDriverExport());
            break;
        case EDGE:
            exportParameter(config().getEdgeDriverExport());
            break;
        case OPERA:
            exportParameter(config().getOperaDriverExport());
            break;
        case IEXPLORER:
            exportParameter(config().getIExplorerDriverExport());
            break;
        case SAFARI:
        default:
            break;
        }
        return this;
    }

    protected Object getPropertyFromWebDriverBrowser(WebDriver driver,
            Function function) {
        Object object = null;
        Optional webDriverBrowser = findWebDriverBrowser(
                driver);
        if (webDriverBrowser.isPresent()) {
            object = function.apply(webDriverBrowser.get());
        }
        return object;
    }

    protected Optional findWebDriverBrowser(
            WebDriver driver) {
        for (WebDriverBrowser webDriver : webDriverList) {
            if (webDriver.getIdentityHash() == webDriver
                    .calculateIdentityHash(driver)) {
                return Optional.of(webDriver);
            }
        }
        return empty();
    }

    protected Object getPropertyFromFirstWebDriverBrowser(
            Function function) {
        Object object = null;
        if (webDriverList == null || webDriverList.isEmpty()) {
            log.warn(
                    "Property not available since there is no browsers in Docker");
        } else {
            object = function.apply(webDriverList.get(0));
        }
        return object;
    }

    // ------------

    protected void manage(String driverVersion) {
        try (HttpClient wdmHttpClient = getHttpClient()) {
            if (isUnknown(driverVersion)) {
                driverVersion = resolveDriverVersion(driverVersion);
            }
            if (getVersionDetector().isSnap()
                    && config().isUseChromiumDriverSnap()) {
                String chromiumDriverSnapPath = config()
                        .getChromiumDriverSnapPath();
                File snapChromiumDriverPath = new File(chromiumDriverSnapPath);
                boolean existsSnap = snapChromiumDriverPath.exists();
                if (existsSnap) {
                    log.debug("Found {} snap", getDriverManagerType());
                    exportDriver(chromiumDriverSnapPath);
                }
                return;
            }

            Optional driverInCache = empty();
            if (!isUnknown(driverVersion)) {
                driverInCache = cacheHandler.getDriverFromCache(driverVersion,
                        getDriverName(), getDriverManagerType(),
                        config().getArchitecture(), config().getOs());
            }

            String exportValue;
            if (driverInCache.isPresent() && !config().isForceDownload()) {
                log.debug("Driver {} {} found in cache", getDriverName(),
                        getDriverVersionLabel(driverVersion));
                exportValue = driverInCache.get();
                downloadedDriverVersion = driverVersion;
            } else {
                exportValue = download(driverVersion);
            }

            exportDriver(exportValue);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            handleException(e, driverVersion);
        }
    }

    protected String resolveDriverVersion(String driverVersion) {
        String preferenceKey = getKeyForResolutionCache();
        Optional optionalBrowserVersion = Optional
                .ofNullable(getBrowserVersion())
                .filter(StringUtils::isNotEmpty);

        if (!optionalBrowserVersion.isPresent()) {
            optionalBrowserVersion = getValueFromResolutionCache(preferenceKey);
        }

        if (!optionalBrowserVersion.isPresent()) {
            optionalBrowserVersion = detectBrowserVersion();
        }

        if (optionalBrowserVersion.isPresent()) {
            resolvedBrowserVersion = optionalBrowserVersion.get();
            preferenceKey = getKeyForResolutionCache() + resolvedBrowserVersion;
            Optional optionalDriverVersion = getValueFromResolutionCache(
                    preferenceKey);

            if (!optionalDriverVersion.isPresent()) {
                optionalDriverVersion = getDriverVersionFromRepository(
                        optionalBrowserVersion);
            }
            if (!optionalDriverVersion.isPresent()) {
                optionalDriverVersion = getVersionDetector()
                        .getDriverVersionFromProperties(preferenceKey);
            }
            if (optionalDriverVersion.isPresent()) {
                driverVersion = optionalDriverVersion.get();
                log.info("Using {} {} (resolved driver for {} {})",
                        getDriverName(), driverVersion,
                        getDriverManagerType().getBrowserName(),
                        resolvedBrowserVersion);

                if (config().getIgnoreVersions().contains(driverVersion)) {
                    String formerBrowserVersion = valueOf(
                            parseInt(resolvedBrowserVersion) - 1);
                    log.info(
                            "The driver {} {} is configured to be ignored ... trying again resolving driver for former version of {} (i.e. {})",
                            getDriverName(), driverVersion,
                            getDriverManagerType(), formerBrowserVersion);
                    setBrowserVersion(formerBrowserVersion);
                    return resolveDriverVersion("");
                }

                storeInResolutionCache(preferenceKey, driverVersion,
                        resolvedBrowserVersion);
            }
        }

        if (isUnknown(driverVersion)) {
            String browserVersionStr = optionalBrowserVersion.isPresent()
                    ? " " + optionalBrowserVersion.get()
                    : "";
            log.debug(
                    "The driver version for {}{} is unknown ... trying with latest",
                    getDriverManagerType(), browserVersionStr);

            Optional latestDriverVersionFromRepository = getLatestDriverVersionFromRepository();
            if (latestDriverVersionFromRepository.isPresent()) {
                driverVersion = latestDriverVersionFromRepository.get();
            }
        }
        return driverVersion;
    }

    protected String download(String driverVersion) throws IOException {
        if (driverVersion.startsWith(".")) {
            driverVersion = driverVersion.substring(1);
        }
        UrlHandler urlHandler = createUrlHandler(driverVersion);
        URL url = urlHandler.getCandidateUrl();
        downloadedDriverVersion = urlHandler.getDriverVersion();
        return downloader.download(url, downloadedDriverVersion,
                getDriverName(), getDriverManagerType());
    }

    protected void exportDriver(String variableValue) {
        downloadedDriverPath = variableValue;
        Optional exportParameter = getExportParameter();
        if (!config().isAvoidExport() && exportParameter.isPresent()) {
            String variableName = exportParameter.get();
            log.info("Exporting {} as {}", variableName, variableValue);
            System.setProperty(variableName, variableValue);
        } else {
            log.info("Driver location: {}", variableValue);
        }
    }

    protected void storeInResolutionCache(String preferenceKey,
            String resolvedDriverVersion, String resolvedBrowserVersion) {
        if (getVersionDetector().isSnap()) {
            return;
        }
        if (useResolutionCache()) {
            getResolutionCache().putValueInResolutionCacheIfEmpty(
                    getKeyForResolutionCache(), resolvedBrowserVersion,
                    config().getTtlForBrowsers());
            getResolutionCache().putValueInResolutionCacheIfEmpty(preferenceKey,
                    resolvedDriverVersion, config().getTtl());
        }
    }

    protected Optional getValueFromResolutionCache(
            String preferenceKey) {
        Optional optionalBrowserVersion = empty();
        if (useResolutionCacheWithKey(preferenceKey)) {
            optionalBrowserVersion = Optional.of(getResolutionCache()
                    .getValueFromResolutionCache(preferenceKey));
        }
        return optionalBrowserVersion;
    }

    protected List postDownload(File archive) {
        File parentFolder = archive.getParentFile();
        Collection ls = FileUtils.listFiles(parentFolder, null, true);
        List listFiles = new ArrayList<>();
        for (File f : ls) {
            if (f.getName().startsWith(getDriverName())
                    && getDriverName().contains(removeExtension(f.getName()))) {
                log.trace("Found driver in post-download: {}", f);
                listFiles.add(f);
            } else {
                deleteFile(f);
            }
        }
        if (!listFiles.isEmpty()) {
            return listFiles;
        }
        throw new WebDriverManagerException("Driver " + getDriverName()
                + " not found (using temporal folder " + parentFolder + ")");
    }

    protected Optional getBrowserVersionFromTheShell() {
        return getVersionDetector().getBrowserVersionFromTheShell(
                getDriverManagerType().getBrowserNameLowerCase());
    }

    protected Optional detectBrowserVersion() {
        if (config().isAvoidBrowserDetection()) {
            return empty();
        }

        String driverManagerTypeLowerCase = getDriverManagerType()
                .getNameLowerCase();
        Optional optionalBrowserVersion;

        if (useResolutionCacheWithKey(driverManagerTypeLowerCase)) {
            optionalBrowserVersion = Optional.of(getResolutionCache()
                    .getValueFromResolutionCache(driverManagerTypeLowerCase));

            log.trace("Detected {} version {}", getDriverManagerType(),
                    optionalBrowserVersion);
        } else {
            optionalBrowserVersion = getBrowserVersionFromTheShell();
        }
        return optionalBrowserVersion;
    }

    protected boolean useResolutionCacheWithKey(String key) {
        return useResolutionCache()
                && getResolutionCache().checkKeyInResolutionCache(key);
    }

    protected boolean useResolutionCache() {
        return !config().isAvoidResolutionCache();
    }

    protected boolean isUnknown(String driverVersion) {
        return isNullOrEmpty(driverVersion)
                || driverVersion.equalsIgnoreCase("latest");
    }

    protected boolean isUseMirror() {
        return getMirrorUrl().isPresent() && config().isUseMirror();
    }

    protected String getCurrentVersion(URL url) {
        if (isUseMirror()) {
            int i = url.getFile().lastIndexOf(SLASH);
            int j = url.getFile().substring(0, i).lastIndexOf(SLASH) + 1;
            return url.getFile().substring(j, i);
        } else {
            String currentVersion = "";
            String pattern = "/([^/]*?)/[^/]*?" + getShortDriverName();
            Matcher matcher = compile(pattern, CASE_INSENSITIVE)
                    .matcher(url.getFile());
            boolean find = matcher.find();
            if (find) {
                currentVersion = matcher.group(1);
            } else {
                log.trace("Version not found in URL {}", url);
            }
            return currentVersion;
        }
    }

    protected void handleException(Exception e, String driverVersion) {
        String driverVersionStr = getDriverVersionLabel(driverVersion);
        String errorMessage = String.format(
                "There was an error managing %s %s (%s)", getDriverName(),
                driverVersionStr, e.getMessage());
        if (retryCount == 0 && !config().isAvoidFallback()) {
            retryCount++;
            if (getDriverManagerType() == EDGE
                    || getDriverManagerType() == CHROME) {
                config().setAvoidReadReleaseFromRepository(true);
                clearResolutionCache();
                log.warn(
                        "{} ... trying again avoiding reading release from repository",
                        errorMessage);
                manage("");
            } else {
                retryCount++;
                fallback(e, errorMessage);
            }

        } else if (retryCount == 1 && !config().isAvoidFallback()) {
            fallback(e, errorMessage);
        } else {
            log.error("{}", errorMessage, e);
            throw new WebDriverManagerException(e);
        }
    }

    protected void fallback(Exception e, String errorMessage) {
        String driverVersion;
        config().setAvoidBrowserDetection(true);
        driverVersion = "";
        setBrowserVersion("");
        retryCount++;
        log.warn("{} ... trying again using latest driver stored in cache",
                errorMessage);
        if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
            log.trace("Error trace: ", e);
        }

        manage(driverVersion);
    }

    protected UrlHandler createUrlHandler(String driverVersion)
            throws IOException {
        List candidateUrls = getDriverUrls(driverVersion);
        String shortDriverName = getShortDriverName();
        UrlHandler urlHandler = new UrlHandler(config(), candidateUrls,
                driverVersion, shortDriverName, this::buildUrl);

        boolean getLatest = isUnknown(driverVersion);
        boolean continueSearchingVersion;

        do {
            // Filter by driver name
            urlHandler.filterByDriverName(shortDriverName);

            // Filter for latest or concrete driver version
            if (getLatest) {
                urlHandler.filterByLatestVersion(this::getCurrentVersion);
            } else {
                urlHandler.filterByVersion(driverVersion);
            }

            String resolvedDriverVersion = urlHandler.getDriverVersion();
            if (resolvedDriverVersion == null) {
                break;
            }
            log.debug("Driver to be downloaded {} {}", shortDriverName,
                    resolvedDriverVersion);

            if (!isNullOrEmpty(resolvedBrowserVersion)) {
                storeInResolutionCache(
                        getKeyForResolutionCache() + resolvedBrowserVersion,
                        resolvedDriverVersion, resolvedBrowserVersion);
            }

            log.trace("Driver URLs after filtering for version: {}",
                    urlHandler.getCandidateUrls());
            String os = config().getOs();
            Architecture architecture = config().getArchitecture();
            boolean isEdgeArm64 = architecture == ARM64
                    && getDriverManagerType() == EDGE;
            boolean isMac = config().getOperatingSystem().isMac();

            // Filter by OS
            if (!isEdgeArm64 || isMac) {
                urlHandler.filterByOs(getDriverName(), os);
            }

            // Filter by architecture
            if (!isEdgeArm64 || !isMac) {
                urlHandler.filterByArch(architecture);
            }

            // Rest of filters
            urlHandler.filterByIgnoredVersions(config().getIgnoreVersions());
            urlHandler.filterByBeta(config().isUseBetaVersions());

            continueSearchingVersion = urlHandler.hasNoCandidateUrl()
                    && getLatest;

            if (continueSearchingVersion) {
                log.info(
                        "No proper driver found for {} {} ... seeking another version",
                        getDriverName(), getDriverVersionLabel(driverVersion));
                urlHandler.resetList(candidateUrls);
                candidateUrls = urlHandler.getCandidateUrls();
            }
        } while (continueSearchingVersion);
        return urlHandler;
    }

    protected List getDriversFromMirror(URL driverUrl,
            String driverVersion) throws IOException {
        List urls = new ArrayList<>();
        if (isNullOrEmpty(driverVersion)) {
            List mirrorUrls = getMirrorUrls(driverUrl, "");
            for (URL url : mirrorUrls) {
                if (!url.getPath().endsWith("/")) {
                    continue;
                }
                urls.addAll(getMirrorUrls(url, ""));
            }
        } else {
            urls = getMirrorUrls(driverUrl, driverVersion + "/");
        }
        return urls;
    }

    private List getMirrorUrls(URL driverUrl, String versionPath)
            throws IOException {
        List urls;
        HttpGet get = getHttpClient()
                .createHttpGet(new URL(driverUrl, versionPath));
        try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                getHttpClient().execute(get).getEntity().getContent()))) {

            GsonBuilder gsonBuilder = new GsonBuilder();
            Gson gson = gsonBuilder.create();
            NpmMirror[] releaseArray = gson.fromJson(reader, NpmMirror[].class);

            urls = Arrays.stream(releaseArray).map(NpmMirror::getUrl)
                    .collect(Collectors.toList());
        }
        return urls;
    }

    protected NamespaceContext getNamespaceContext() {
        return null;
    }

    protected Optional getS3NamespaceContext() {
        return Optional.of(S3_NAMESPACE_CONTEXT);
    }

    protected List getDriversFromXml(URL driverUrl, String xpath,
            Optional namespaceContext) throws IOException {
        logSeekRepo(driverUrl);
        List urls = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            try (ClassicHttpResponse response = getHttpClient()
                    .execute(getHttpClient().createHttpGet(driverUrl))) {
                Document xml = loadXML(response.getEntity().getContent());
                XPath xPath = newInstance().newXPath();
                if (namespaceContext.isPresent()) {
                    xPath.setNamespaceContext(namespaceContext.get());
                }
                NodeList nodes = (NodeList) xPath.evaluate(xpath,
                        xml.getDocumentElement(), NODESET);
                for (int i = 0; i < nodes.getLength(); ++i) {
                    Element e = (Element) nodes.item(i);
                    urls.add(new URL(driverUrl.toURI().resolve(".")
                            + e.getChildNodes().item(0).getNodeValue()));
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new WebDriverManagerException(e);
        }
        return urls;
    }

    protected void logSeekRepo(URL driverUrl) {
        log.info("Reading {} to seek {}", driverUrl, getDriverName());
    }

    public static Document loadXML(InputStream inputStream)
            throws SAXException, IOException, ParserConfigurationException {
        DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        factory.setNamespaceAware(true);
        DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
        return builder.parse(new InputSource(
                new ByteArrayInputStream(IOUtils.toByteArray(inputStream))));
    }

    protected InputStream openGitHubConnection(URL driverUrl)
            throws IOException {
        HttpGet get = getHttpClient().createHttpGet(driverUrl);

        String gitHubToken = config().getGitHubToken();
        if (isNullOrEmpty(gitHubToken)) {
            gitHubToken = getenv("GITHUB_TOKEN");
        }
        if (!isNullOrEmpty(gitHubToken)) {
            get.addHeader("Authorization", "token " + gitHubToken);
        }

        return getHttpClient().execute(get).getEntity().getContent();
    }

    protected List getDriversFromGitHub(String driverVersion)
            throws IOException {
        List urls;
        URL driverUrl = getDriverUrl();
        logSeekRepo(driverUrl);

        if (isUseMirror()) {
            urls = getDriversFromMirror(getMirrorUrl().get(), driverVersion);

        } else {
            try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(
                    new InputStreamReader(openGitHubConnection(driverUrl)))) {

                GsonBuilder gsonBuilder = new GsonBuilder();
                Gson gson = gsonBuilder.create();
                GitHubApi[] releaseArray = gson.fromJson(reader,
                        GitHubApi[].class);

                urls = new ArrayList<>();
                for (GitHubApi release : releaseArray) {
                    if (release != null) {
                        List> assets = release
                                .getAssets();
                        for (LinkedTreeMap asset : assets) {
                            urls.add(new URL(asset.get("browser_download_url")
                                    .toString()));
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return urls;
    }

    protected HttpClient getHttpClient() {
        return Optional.ofNullable(httpClient).orElse(new HttpClient(config()));
    }

    protected ResolutionCache getResolutionCache() {
        return Optional.ofNullable(resolutionCache).orElseGet(() -> {
            resolutionCache = new ResolutionCache(config());
            return resolutionCache;
        });
    }

    protected VersionDetector getVersionDetector() {
        return Optional.ofNullable(versionDetector).orElseGet(() -> {
            versionDetector = new VersionDetector(config(), getHttpClient());
            return versionDetector;
        });
    }

    protected WebDriverCreator getWebDriverCreator() {
        return Optional.ofNullable(webDriverCreator).orElseGet(() -> {
            webDriverCreator = new WebDriverCreator(config());
            return webDriverCreator;
        });
    }

    protected FilenameFilter getFolderFilter() {
        return (dir, name) -> dir.isDirectory()
                && name.toLowerCase(ROOT).contains(getDriverName());
    }

    protected Charset getVersionCharset() {
        return defaultCharset();
    }

    protected String getLatestVersionLabel() {
        return LATEST_RELEASE;
    }

    protected Optional getOsLabel() {
        return empty();
    }

    protected Optional getDriverVersionFromRepository(
            Optional driverVersion) {
        return config().isAvoidReadReleaseFromRepository() ? empty()
                : getVersionDetector().getDriverVersionFromRepository(
                        driverVersion, getDriverUrl(), getVersionCharset(),
                        getDriverName(), getLatestVersionLabel(),
                        LATEST_RELEASE, getOsLabel());
    }

    protected URL getDriverUrlCkeckingMirror(URL url) {
        if (config().isUseMirror()) {
            Optional mirrorUrl = getMirrorUrl();
            if (mirrorUrl.isPresent()) {
                return mirrorUrl.get();
            }
        }
        return url;
    }

    protected Optional getLatestDriverVersionFromRepository() {
        return empty();
    }

    protected String getShortDriverName() {
        return getDriverName();
    }

    protected String getKeyForResolutionCache() {
        return getDriverManagerType().getNameLowerCase();
    }

    protected String getDriverVersionLabel(String driverVersion) {
        return isUnknown(driverVersion) ? "(latest version)" : driverVersion;
    }

    protected Optional buildUrl(String driverVersion) {
        return empty();
    }

    protected synchronized WebDriver instantiateDriver() {
        WebDriver driver = null;
        DriverManagerType managerType = getDriverManagerType();
        try {
            String remoteAddress = config().getRemoteAddress();
            Path extensionPath = null;
            boolean watcher = watchEnabled || displayEnabled;
            if (watcher) {
                extensionPath = getBrowserWatcherAsPath();

                Capabilities caps = Optional.ofNullable(capabilities)
                        .orElse(getCapabilities());
                switch (managerType) {
                case CHROME:
                case OPERA:
                case CHROMIUM:
                case EDGE:
                    initBrowserWatcherForChromium(extensionPath, caps);
                    break;
                case FIREFOX:
                    log.trace(
                            "Extension to be installed after driver instantiation");
                    break;
                default:
                    log.warn("Watcher not available for {}", managerType);
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (isUsingDocker()) {
                driver = createDockerWebDriver();
            } else if (!isNullOrEmpty(remoteAddress)) {
                Capabilities caps = Optional.ofNullable(capabilities)
                        .orElse(getCapabilities());
                driver = getWebDriverCreator()
                        .createRemoteWebDriver(remoteAddress, caps);
                webDriverList.add(new WebDriverBrowser(driver));

            } else {
                driver = createLocalWebDriver();
            }
            if (watcher && managerType == FIREFOX) {
                WebDriver augmentedDriver = new Augmenter().augment(driver);
                ((HasExtensions) augmentedDriver)
                        .installExtension(extensionPath, true);
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new WebDriverManagerException(
                    "There was an error creating WebDriver object for "
                            + managerType.getBrowserName(),
                    e);
        }
        addShutdownHookIfRequired();

        return driver;
    }

    protected void initBrowserWatcherForChromium(Path extensionPath,
            Capabilities caps) {
        DriverManagerType managerType = getDriverManagerType();
        isHeadless = caps.toString().contains("--headless");
        if (isHeadless) {
            LoggingPreferences logs = new LoggingPreferences();
            logs.enable(LogType.BROWSER, Level.ALL);
            String logCapName = managerType == EDGE ? EdgeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS
                    : ChromeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS;
            ((ChromiumOptions) caps).setCapability(logCapName, logs);
            capabilities = caps;

        } else {
            // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=1433472
            String allowExtensionFlag = resolvedBrowserVersion != null
                    && Integer.parseInt(resolvedBrowserVersion) < 112
                            ? "--whitelisted-extension-id="
                            : "--allowlisted-extension-id=";
            ((ChromiumOptions) caps).addExtensions(extensionPath.toFile());
            capabilities = ((ChromiumOptions) caps)
                    .addArguments(allowExtensionFlag + BROWSER_WATCHER_ID);
        }
    }

    protected Path getBrowserWatcherAsPath() throws IOException {
        Path extensionPath;
        String extFilename = "/browserwatcher-%s%s.crx";
        String extModifier = "";
        if (displayEnabled && !disableCsp) {
            extModifier = "display-";
        } else if (!displayEnabled && disableCsp) {
            extModifier = "csp-";
        } else if (displayEnabled && disableCsp) {
            extModifier = "display-csp-";
        }
        InputStream extensionInputStream = Config.class
                .getResourceAsStream(String.format(extFilename, extModifier,
                        config().getBrowserWatcherVersion()));
        extensionPath = Files.createTempFile("", ".crx");
        File extensionFile = extensionPath.toFile();
        FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(extensionInputStream, extensionFile);
        return extensionPath;
    }

    protected Capabilities getMergedCapabilities() {
        Capabilities caps = getCapabilities();
        if (capabilities != null) {
            caps = caps.merge(capabilities);
        }
        return caps;
    }

    protected void addShutdownHookIfRequired() {
        if (!shutdownHook && !config().isAvoidShutdownHook()) {
            Runtime.getRuntime()
                    .addShutdownHook(new Thread("wdm-shutdown-hook") {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            try {
                                quit();
                            } catch (Exception e) {
                                log.warn("Exception in wdm-shutdown-hook ({})",
                                        e.getMessage());
                            }
                        }
                    });
            shutdownHook = true;
        }
    }

    protected WebDriver createDockerWebDriver() {
        String browserName = getKeyForResolutionCache();
        if (androidEnabled) {
            browserName += "-mobile";
        }
        String browserVersion = getBrowserVersion();
        String browserCacheKey = browserName + "-container-";

        String dockerCustomImage = config().getDockerCustomImage();
        String browserImage;
        if (!isNullOrEmpty(dockerCustomImage)) {
            browserImage = dockerCustomImage;
            browserVersion = getDockerService()
                    .getVersionFromImage(browserImage);
            browserCacheKey += "custom";

        } else {
            if (isUnknown(browserVersion) || getDockerService()
                    .isBrowserVersionLatestMinus(browserVersion)) {
                browserCacheKey += isNullOrEmpty(browserVersion) ? "latest"
                        : browserVersion;
                browserVersion = getDockerService()
                        .getImageVersionFromDockerHub(getDriverManagerType(),
                                browserCacheKey, browserName, browserVersion,
                                androidEnabled);
            } else {
                if (!getDockerService().isBrowserVersionWildCard(browserVersion)
                        && !browserVersion.contains(".")) {
                    browserVersion += ".0";
                }
                browserCacheKey += browserVersion;
            }
            browserImage = getDockerService().getDockerImage(browserName,
                    browserVersion, androidEnabled);
        }

        DockerContainer browserContainer = getDockerService()
                .startBrowserContainer(browserImage, browserCacheKey,
                        browserVersion, androidEnabled);
        browserContainer.setBrowserName(browserName);
        String seleniumServerUrl = browserContainer.getContainerUrl();

        WebDriverBrowser driverBrowser = new WebDriverBrowser();
        driverBrowser.addDockerContainer(browserContainer);
        driverBrowser.setSeleniumServerUrl(seleniumServerUrl);
        log.trace("The Selenium Serverl URL is {}", seleniumServerUrl);
        driverBrowser.setBrowserContainerId(browserContainer.getContainerId());
        webDriverList.add(driverBrowser);

        WebDriver driver = getWebDriverCreator().createRemoteWebDriver(
                seleniumServerUrl, getMergedCapabilities());
        driverBrowser.setDriver(driver);
        String sessionId = getWebDriverCreator()
                .getSessionId(driverBrowser.getDriver());
        browserContainer.setSessionId(sessionId);

        if (config().isDockerEnabledVnc()) {
            String noVncImage = config().getDockerNoVncImage();
            String noVncVersion = getDockerService()
                    .getVersionFromImage(noVncImage);
            DockerContainer noVncContainer = getDockerService()
                    .startNoVncContainer(noVncImage, "novnc-container",
                            noVncVersion, browserContainer);
            driverBrowser.addDockerContainer(noVncContainer);
            String noVncUrl = noVncContainer.getContainerUrl();
            driverBrowser.setNoVncUrl(noVncUrl);
            driverBrowser.setVncUrl(browserContainer.getVncAddress());

            log.info("Docker session noVNC URL: {}", noVncUrl);
        }

        if (config().isDockerEnabledRecording()) {
            String recorderImage = config().getDockerRecordingImage();
            String recorderVersion = getDockerService()
                    .getVersionFromImage(recorderImage);
            DockerContainer recorderContainer = getDockerService()
                    .startRecorderContainer(recorderImage, "recorder-container",
                            recorderVersion, browserContainer);
            driverBrowser.addDockerContainer(recorderContainer, 0);
            Path recordingPath = recorderContainer.getRecordingPath();
            driverBrowser.setRecordingPath(recordingPath);

            log.info("Starting recording {}", recordingPath);
        }

        return driverBrowser.getDriver();
    }

    protected synchronized WebDriver createLocalWebDriver()
            throws ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException,
            IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException,
            NoSuchMethodException {
        WebDriver driver = null;
        DriverManagerType managerType = getDriverManagerType();
        if (managerType != null) {
            if (managerType == CHROMIUM) {
                capabilities = getCapabilities();
            }
            Class browserClass = managerType == OPERA
                    ? Class.forName("org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver")
                    : Class.forName(managerType.browserClass());
            driver = getWebDriverCreator().createLocalWebDriver(browserClass,
                    capabilities);
            webDriverList.add(new WebDriverBrowser(driver));
        }
        return driver;
    }

    protected Capabilities getCapabilities() {
        return new MutableCapabilities();
    }

    protected void addDefaultArgumentsForDocker(Capabilities options)
            throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException,
            InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException,
            SecurityException {
        if (isUsingDocker() && !androidEnabled) {
            Method addArgumentsMethod = options.getClass()
                    .getMethod("addArguments", List.class);
            List defaultArgs = Arrays
                    .asList(config().getDockerDefaultArgs().split(","));
            addArgumentsMethod.invoke(options, defaultArgs);
        }
    }

    protected static void logCliError(String browserForResolving,
            String browserForDocker, int port) {
        log.error("The valid arguments for WebDriverManager CLI are:");
        log.error("1. For resolving drivers locally:");
        log.error("\t{} browserName ", CLI_RESOLVER);
        log.error("(where browserName is: {})", browserForResolving);
        log.error("");
        log.error(
                "2. For running a browser in a Docker (and use it trough noVNC):");
        log.error("\t{} browserName ", CLI_DOCKER);
        log.error("(where browserName is: {})", browserForDocker);
        log.error("");
        log.error("3. For starting WebDriverManager Server:");
        log.error("\t{} ", CLI_SERVER);
        log.error("(where the default port is {})", port);
    }

    protected static void resolveLocal(String[] args, String validBrowsers) {
        String browserName = args[1];
        log.info("Using WebDriverManager to resolve {}", browserName);
        try {
            WebDriverManager wdm = WebDriverManager.getInstance(browserName)
                    .avoidExport().cachePath(".").forceDownload()
                    .avoidResolutionCache();
            if (browserName.equalsIgnoreCase("iexplorer")) {
                wdm.operatingSystem(WIN);
            }
            if (args.length > 2) {
                wdm.browserVersion(args[2]);
            }
            if (IS_OS_LINUX && wdm.getDockerService().isRunningInsideDocker()) {
                wdm.avoidBrowserDetection();
            }
            wdm.avoidOutputTree().setup();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Driver for {} not found (valid browsers {})",
                    browserName, validBrowsers);
        }
    }

    protected static void runInDocker(String[] args, String validBrowsers) {
        String browserName = args[1];
        log.info("Using WebDriverManager to run {} in Docker", browserName);
        try {
            WebDriverManager wdm;
            if (browserName.equalsIgnoreCase("chrome-mobile")) {
                wdm = WebDriverManager.chromedriver().browserInDockerAndroid();
            } else {
                wdm = WebDriverManager.getInstance(browserName)
                        .browserInDocker();
            }
            if (args.length > 2) {
                wdm.browserVersion(args[2]);
            }
            wdm.enableVnc().avoidResolutionCache().create();

            log.info("Press ENTER to exit");
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
            scanner.nextLine();
            scanner.close();

            wdm.quit();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Exception running {} in Docker (valid browsers {})",
                    browserName, validBrowsers, e);
        }
    }

    protected static void startServer(String[] args, int port) {
        if (args.length > 1 && isNumeric(args[1])) {
            port = parseInt(args[1]);
        }
        new WdmServer(port);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String browserForResolving = "chrome|edge|firefox|opera|chromium|iexplorer";
        String browserForNoVnc = "chrome|edge|firefox|opera|safari|chrome-mobile";
        int port = new Config().getServerPort();
        int numArgs = args.length;
        if (numArgs <= 0) {
            logCliError(browserForResolving, browserForNoVnc, port);
        } else {
            String arg = args[0].toLowerCase(ROOT);
            if (arg.equalsIgnoreCase(CLI_SERVER)) {
                startServer(args, port);
            } else if (arg.equalsIgnoreCase(CLI_RESOLVER) && numArgs > 1) {
                resolveLocal(args, browserForResolving);
            } else if (arg.equalsIgnoreCase(CLI_DOCKER) && numArgs > 1) {
                runInDocker(args, browserForNoVnc);
            } else {
                logCliError(browserForResolving, browserForNoVnc, port);
            }
        }
    }

}




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