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/*
 * Copyright 2020 The gRPC Authors
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package io.grpc.internal;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState;
import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS;

import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import com.google.common.base.MoreObjects;
import io.grpc.Attributes;
import io.grpc.ClientCall;
import io.grpc.Context;
import io.grpc.Deadline;
import io.grpc.Metadata;
import io.grpc.Status;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;
import javax.annotation.concurrent.GuardedBy;

/**
 * A call that queues requests before a real call is ready to be delegated to.
 *
 * 

{@code ClientCall} itself doesn't require thread-safety. However, the state of {@code * DelayedCall} may be internally altered by different threads, thus internal synchronization is * necessary. */ public class DelayedClientCall extends ClientCall { private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(DelayedClientCall.class.getName()); /** * A timer to monitor the initial deadline. The timer must be cancelled on transition to the real * call. */ @Nullable private final ScheduledFuture initialDeadlineMonitor; private final Executor callExecutor; private final Context context; /** {@code true} once realCall is valid and all pending calls have been drained. */ private volatile boolean passThrough; /** * Non-{@code null} iff start has been called. Used to assert methods are called in appropriate * order, but also used if an error occurs before {@code realCall} is set. */ private Listener listener; // Must hold {@code this} lock when setting. private ClientCall realCall; @GuardedBy("this") private Status error; @GuardedBy("this") private List pendingRunnables = new ArrayList<>(); @GuardedBy("this") private DelayedListener delayedListener; protected DelayedClientCall( Executor callExecutor, ScheduledExecutorService scheduler, @Nullable Deadline deadline) { this.callExecutor = checkNotNull(callExecutor, "callExecutor"); checkNotNull(scheduler, "scheduler"); context = Context.current(); initialDeadlineMonitor = scheduleDeadlineIfNeeded(scheduler, deadline); } // If one argument is null, consider the other the "Before" private boolean isAbeforeB(@Nullable Deadline a, @Nullable Deadline b) { if (b == null) { return true; } else if (a == null) { return false; } return a.isBefore(b); } @Nullable private ScheduledFuture scheduleDeadlineIfNeeded( ScheduledExecutorService scheduler, @Nullable Deadline deadline) { Deadline contextDeadline = context.getDeadline(); if (deadline == null && contextDeadline == null) { return null; } long remainingNanos = Long.MAX_VALUE; if (deadline != null) { remainingNanos = deadline.timeRemaining(NANOSECONDS); } if (contextDeadline != null && contextDeadline.timeRemaining(NANOSECONDS) < remainingNanos) { remainingNanos = contextDeadline.timeRemaining(NANOSECONDS); if (logger.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) { StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder( String.format( Locale.US, "Call timeout set to '%d' ns, due to context deadline.", remainingNanos)); if (deadline == null) { builder.append(" Explicit call timeout was not set."); } else { long callTimeout = deadline.timeRemaining(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); builder.append(String.format( Locale.US, " Explicit call timeout was '%d' ns.", callTimeout)); } logger.fine(builder.toString()); } } long seconds = Math.abs(remainingNanos) / TimeUnit.SECONDS.toNanos(1); long nanos = Math.abs(remainingNanos) % TimeUnit.SECONDS.toNanos(1); final StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(); String deadlineName = isAbeforeB(contextDeadline, deadline) ? "Context" : "CallOptions"; if (remainingNanos < 0) { buf.append("ClientCall started after "); buf.append(deadlineName); buf.append(" deadline was exceeded. Deadline has been exceeded for "); } else { buf.append("Deadline "); buf.append(deadlineName); buf.append(" will be exceeded in "); } buf.append(seconds); buf.append(String.format(Locale.US, ".%09d", nanos)); buf.append("s. "); /* Cancels the call if deadline exceeded prior to the real call being set. */ class DeadlineExceededRunnable implements Runnable { @Override public void run() { cancel( Status.DEADLINE_EXCEEDED.withDescription(buf.toString()), // We should not cancel the call if the realCall is set because there could be a // race between cancel() and realCall.start(). The realCall will handle deadline by // itself. /* onlyCancelPendingCall= */ true); } } return scheduler.schedule(new DeadlineExceededRunnable(), remainingNanos, NANOSECONDS); } /** * Transfers all pending and future requests and mutations to the given call. * *

No-op if either this method or {@link #cancel} have already been called. */ // When this method returns, passThrough is guaranteed to be true public final Runnable setCall(ClientCall call) { synchronized (this) { // If realCall != null, then either setCall() or cancel() has been called. if (realCall != null) { return null; } setRealCall(checkNotNull(call, "call")); } return new ContextRunnable(context) { @Override public void runInContext() { drainPendingCalls(); } }; } @Override public final void start(Listener listener, final Metadata headers) { checkState(this.listener == null, "already started"); Status savedError; boolean savedPassThrough; synchronized (this) { this.listener = checkNotNull(listener, "listener"); // If error != null, then cancel() has been called and was unable to close the listener savedError = error; savedPassThrough = passThrough; if (!savedPassThrough) { listener = delayedListener = new DelayedListener<>(listener); } } if (savedError != null) { callExecutor.execute(new CloseListenerRunnable(listener, savedError)); return; } if (savedPassThrough) { realCall.start(listener, headers); } else { final Listener finalListener = listener; delayOrExecute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { realCall.start(finalListener, headers); } }); } } // When this method returns, passThrough is guaranteed to be true @Override public final void cancel(@Nullable final String message, @Nullable final Throwable cause) { Status status = Status.CANCELLED; if (message != null) { status = status.withDescription(message); } else { status = status.withDescription("Call cancelled without message"); } if (cause != null) { status = status.withCause(cause); } cancel(status, false); } /** * Cancels the call unless {@code realCall} is set and {@code onlyCancelPendingCall} is true. */ private void cancel(final Status status, boolean onlyCancelPendingCall) { boolean delegateToRealCall = true; Listener listenerToClose = null; synchronized (this) { // If realCall != null, then either setCall() or cancel() has been called if (realCall == null) { @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") ClientCall noopCall = (ClientCall) NOOP_CALL; setRealCall(noopCall); delegateToRealCall = false; // If listener == null, then start() will later call listener with 'error' listenerToClose = listener; error = status; } else if (onlyCancelPendingCall) { return; } } if (delegateToRealCall) { delayOrExecute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { realCall.cancel(status.getDescription(), status.getCause()); } }); } else { if (listenerToClose != null) { callExecutor.execute(new CloseListenerRunnable(listenerToClose, status)); } drainPendingCalls(); } callCancelled(); } protected void callCancelled() { } private void delayOrExecute(Runnable runnable) { synchronized (this) { if (!passThrough) { pendingRunnables.add(runnable); return; } } runnable.run(); } /** * Called to transition {@code passThrough} to {@code true}. This method is not safe to be called * multiple times; the caller must ensure it will only be called once, ever. {@code this} lock * should not be held when calling this method. */ private void drainPendingCalls() { assert realCall != null; assert !passThrough; List toRun = new ArrayList<>(); DelayedListener delayedListener ; while (true) { synchronized (this) { if (pendingRunnables.isEmpty()) { pendingRunnables = null; passThrough = true; delayedListener = this.delayedListener; break; } // Since there were pendingCalls, we need to process them. To maintain ordering we can't set // passThrough=true until we run all pendingCalls, but new Runnables may be added after we // drop the lock. So we will have to re-check pendingCalls. List tmp = toRun; toRun = pendingRunnables; pendingRunnables = tmp; } for (Runnable runnable : toRun) { // Must not call transport while lock is held to prevent deadlocks. // TODO(ejona): exception handling runnable.run(); } toRun.clear(); } if (delayedListener != null) { final DelayedListener listener = delayedListener; class DrainListenerRunnable extends ContextRunnable { DrainListenerRunnable() { super(context); } @Override public void runInContext() { listener.drainPendingCallbacks(); } } callExecutor.execute(new DrainListenerRunnable()); } } @GuardedBy("this") private void setRealCall(ClientCall realCall) { checkState(this.realCall == null, "realCall already set to %s", this.realCall); if (initialDeadlineMonitor != null) { initialDeadlineMonitor.cancel(false); } this.realCall = realCall; } @VisibleForTesting final ClientCall getRealCall() { return realCall; } @Override public final void sendMessage(final ReqT message) { if (passThrough) { realCall.sendMessage(message); } else { delayOrExecute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { realCall.sendMessage(message); } }); } } @Override public final void setMessageCompression(final boolean enable) { if (passThrough) { realCall.setMessageCompression(enable); } else { delayOrExecute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { realCall.setMessageCompression(enable); } }); } } @Override public final void request(final int numMessages) { if (passThrough) { realCall.request(numMessages); } else { delayOrExecute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { realCall.request(numMessages); } }); } } @Override public final void halfClose() { delayOrExecute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { realCall.halfClose(); } }); } @Override public final boolean isReady() { if (passThrough) { return realCall.isReady(); } else { return false; } } @Override public final Attributes getAttributes() { ClientCall savedRealCall; synchronized (this) { savedRealCall = realCall; } if (savedRealCall != null) { return savedRealCall.getAttributes(); } else { return Attributes.EMPTY; } } @Override public String toString() { return MoreObjects.toStringHelper(this) .add("realCall", realCall) .toString(); } private final class CloseListenerRunnable extends ContextRunnable { final Listener listener; final Status status; CloseListenerRunnable(Listener listener, Status status) { super(context); this.listener = listener; this.status = status; } @Override public void runInContext() { listener.onClose(status, new Metadata()); } } private static final class DelayedListener extends Listener { private final Listener realListener; private volatile boolean passThrough; @GuardedBy("this") private List pendingCallbacks = new ArrayList<>(); public DelayedListener(Listener listener) { this.realListener = listener; } private void delayOrExecute(Runnable runnable) { synchronized (this) { if (!passThrough) { pendingCallbacks.add(runnable); return; } } runnable.run(); } @Override public void onHeaders(final Metadata headers) { if (passThrough) { realListener.onHeaders(headers); } else { delayOrExecute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { realListener.onHeaders(headers); } }); } } @Override public void onMessage(final RespT message) { if (passThrough) { realListener.onMessage(message); } else { delayOrExecute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { realListener.onMessage(message); } }); } } @Override public void onClose(final Status status, final Metadata trailers) { delayOrExecute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { realListener.onClose(status, trailers); } }); } @Override public void onReady() { if (passThrough) { realListener.onReady(); } else { delayOrExecute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { realListener.onReady(); } }); } } void drainPendingCallbacks() { assert !passThrough; List toRun = new ArrayList<>(); while (true) { synchronized (this) { if (pendingCallbacks.isEmpty()) { pendingCallbacks = null; passThrough = true; break; } // Since there were pendingCallbacks, we need to process them. To maintain ordering we // can't set passThrough=true until we run all pendingCallbacks, but new Runnables may be // added after we drop the lock. So we will have to re-check pendingCallbacks. List tmp = toRun; toRun = pendingCallbacks; pendingCallbacks = tmp; } for (Runnable runnable : toRun) { // Avoid calling listener while lock is held to prevent deadlocks. // TODO(ejona): exception handling runnable.run(); } toRun.clear(); } } } private static final ClientCall NOOP_CALL = new ClientCall() { @Override public void start(Listener responseListener, Metadata headers) {} @Override public void request(int numMessages) {} @Override public void cancel(String message, Throwable cause) {} @Override public void halfClose() {} @Override public void sendMessage(Object message) {} // Always returns {@code false}, since this is only used when the startup of the call fails. @Override public boolean isReady() { return false; } }; }