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    /*
 * Copyright 2017-2020 original authors
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package io.micronaut.context.env;

import io.micronaut.context.exceptions.ConfigurationException;
import io.micronaut.core.annotation.AnnotationMetadata;
import io.micronaut.core.convert.ArgumentConversionContext;
import io.micronaut.core.convert.ConversionContext;
import io.micronaut.core.convert.ConversionService;
import io.micronaut.core.convert.format.MapFormat;
import io.micronaut.core.io.socket.SocketUtils;
import io.micronaut.core.naming.NameUtils;
import io.micronaut.core.naming.conventions.StringConvention;
import io.micronaut.core.reflect.ClassUtils;
import io.micronaut.core.type.Argument;
import io.micronaut.core.util.CollectionUtils;
import io.micronaut.core.util.StringUtils;
import io.micronaut.core.value.MapPropertyResolver;
import io.micronaut.core.value.PropertyResolver;
import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
import org.slf4j.Logger;

import io.micronaut.core.annotation.NonNull;
import io.micronaut.core.annotation.Nullable;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.function.Supplier;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

/**
 * 
    A {@link PropertyResolver} that resolves from one or many {@link PropertySource} instances.
    
 *
 * @author Graeme Rocher
 * @since 1.0
 */
public class PropertySourcePropertyResolver implements PropertyResolver {

    private static final Logger LOG = ClassUtils.getLogger(PropertySourcePropertyResolver.class);
    private static final Pattern DOT_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("\\.");
    private static final Pattern RANDOM_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("\\$\\{\\s?random\\.(\\S+?)\\}");
    private static final char[] DOT_DASH = new char[] {'.', '-'};
    private static final Object NO_VALUE = new Object();
    private static final PropertyCatalog[] CONVENTIONS = {PropertyCatalog.GENERATED, PropertyCatalog.RAW};
    protected final ConversionService conversionService;
    protected final PropertyPlaceholderResolver propertyPlaceholderResolver;
    protected final Map propertySources = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(10);
    // properties are stored in an array of maps organized by character in the alphabet
    // this allows optimization of searches by prefix
    @SuppressWarnings("MagicNumber")
    protected final Map[] catalog = new Map[58];
    protected final Map[] rawCatalog = new Map[58];
    protected final Map[] nonGenerated = new Map[58];
    private final Random random = new Random();
    private final Map containsCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(20);
    private final Map resolvedValueCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(20);

    /**
     * Creates a new, initially empty, {@link PropertySourcePropertyResolver} for the given {@link ConversionService}.
     *
     * @param conversionService The {@link ConversionService}
     */
    public PropertySourcePropertyResolver(ConversionService conversionService) {
        this.conversionService = conversionService;
        this.propertyPlaceholderResolver = new DefaultPropertyPlaceholderResolver(this, conversionService);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new, initially empty, {@link PropertySourcePropertyResolver}.
     */
    public PropertySourcePropertyResolver() {
        this(ConversionService.SHARED);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new {@link PropertySourcePropertyResolver} for the given {@link PropertySource} instances.
     *
     * @param propertySources The {@link PropertySource} instances
     */
    public PropertySourcePropertyResolver(PropertySource... propertySources) {
        this(ConversionService.SHARED);
        if (propertySources != null) {
            for (PropertySource propertySource : propertySources) {
                addPropertySource(propertySource);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Add a {@link PropertySource} to this resolver.
     *
     * @param propertySource The {@link PropertySource} to add
     * @return This {@link PropertySourcePropertyResolver}
     */
    public PropertySourcePropertyResolver addPropertySource(@Nullable PropertySource propertySource) {
        if (propertySource != null) {
            processPropertySource(propertySource, propertySource.getConvention());
        }
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * Add a property source for the given map.
     *
     * @param name   The name of the property source
     * @param values The values
     * @return This environment
     */
    public PropertySourcePropertyResolver addPropertySource(String name, @Nullable Map values) {
        if (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(values)) {
            return addPropertySource(PropertySource.of(name, values));
        }
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean containsProperty(@Nullable String name) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(name)) {
            return false;
        } else {
            Boolean result = containsCache.get(name);
            if (result == null) {

                for (PropertyCatalog convention : CONVENTIONS) {
                    Map entries = resolveEntriesForKey(name, false, convention);
                    if (entries != null) {
                        String finalName = trimIndex(name);
                        if (entries.containsKey(finalName)) {
                            result = true;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (result == null) {
                    result = false;
                }
                containsCache.put(name, result);
            }
            return result;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean containsProperties(@Nullable String name) {
        if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(name)) {
            for (PropertyCatalog propertyCatalog : CONVENTIONS) {
                Map entries = resolveEntriesForKey(name, false, propertyCatalog);
                if (entries != null) {
                    String trimmedName = trimIndex(name);
                    if (entries.containsKey(trimmedName)) {
                        return true;
                    } else {
                        String finalName = trimmedName + ".";
                        for (String key : entries.keySet()) {
                            if (key.startsWith(finalName)) {
                                return true;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override
    public Collection getPropertyEntries(@NonNull String name) {
        if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(name)) {
            Map entries = resolveEntriesForKey(
                    name, false, PropertyCatalog.NORMALIZED);
            if (entries != null) {
                String prefix = name + '.';
                return entries.keySet().stream().filter(k -> k.startsWith(prefix))
                              .map(k -> {
                                  String withoutPrefix = k.substring(prefix.length());
                                  int i = withoutPrefix.indexOf('.');
                                  if (i > -1) {
                                      return withoutPrefix.substring(0, i);
                                  }
                                  return withoutPrefix;
                              })
                              .collect(Collectors.toSet());
            }
        }
        return Collections.emptySet();
    }

    @Override
    public @NonNull Map getProperties(String name, StringConvention keyFormat) {
        if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(name)) {
            Map entries = resolveEntriesForKey(name, false, keyFormat == StringConvention.RAW ? PropertyCatalog.RAW : PropertyCatalog.GENERATED);
            if (entries != null) {
                if (keyFormat == null) {
                    keyFormat = StringConvention.RAW;
                }
                return resolveSubMap(
                        name,
                        entries,
                        ConversionContext.MAP,
                        keyFormat,
                        MapFormat.MapTransformation.FLAT
                );
            } else {
                entries = resolveEntriesForKey(name, false, PropertyCatalog.GENERATED);
                if (keyFormat == null) {
                    keyFormat = StringConvention.RAW;
                }
                if (entries == null) {
                    return Collections.emptyMap();
                }
                return resolveSubMap(
                        name,
                        entries,
                        ConversionContext.MAP,
                        keyFormat,
                        MapFormat.MapTransformation.FLAT
                );
            }
        }
        return Collections.emptyMap();
    }

    @Override
    public  Optional getProperty(@NonNull String name, @NonNull ArgumentConversionContext conversionContext) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(name)) {
            return Optional.empty();
        } else {
            Objects.requireNonNull(conversionContext, "Conversion context should not be null");
            Class requiredType = conversionContext.getArgument().getType();
            boolean cacheableType = ClassUtils.isJavaLangType(requiredType);
            Object cached = cacheableType ? resolvedValueCache.get(cacheKey(name, requiredType)) : null;
            if (cached != null) {
                return cached == NO_VALUE ? Optional.empty() : Optional.of((T) cached);
            } else {
                Map entries = resolveEntriesForKey(name, false, PropertyCatalog.GENERATED);
                if (entries == null) {
                    entries = resolveEntriesForKey(name, false, PropertyCatalog.RAW);
                }
                if (entries != null) {
                    Object value = entries.get(name);
                    if (value == null) {
                        value = entries.get(normalizeName(name));
                        if (value == null && name.indexOf('[') == -1) {
                            // last chance lookup the raw value
                            Map rawEntries = resolveEntriesForKey(name, false, PropertyCatalog.RAW);
                            value = rawEntries != null ? rawEntries.get(name) : null;
                            if (value != null) {
                                entries = rawEntries;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    if (value == null) {
                        int i = name.indexOf('[');
                        if (i > -1 && name.endsWith("]")) {
                            String newKey = name.substring(0, i);
                            value = entries.get(newKey);
                            String index = name.substring(i + 1, name.length() - 1);
                            if (value != null) {
                                if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(index)) {
                                    if (value instanceof List) {
                                        try {
                                            value = ((List) value).get(Integer.valueOf(index));
                                        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                                            // ignore
                                        }
                                    } else if (value instanceof Map) {
                                        try {
                                            value = ((Map) value).get(index);
                                        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                                            // ignore
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                            } else {
                                if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(index)) {
                                    String subKey = newKey + '.' + index;
                                    value = entries.get(subKey);
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    if (value != null) {
                        Optional converted;
                        value = resolvePlaceHoldersIfNecessary(value);
                        if (requiredType.isInstance(value) && !CollectionUtils.isIterableOrMap(requiredType)) {
                            converted = (Optional) Optional.of(value);
                        } else {
                            converted = conversionService.convert(value, conversionContext);
                        }

                        if (LOG.isTraceEnabled()) {
                            if (converted.isPresent()) {
                                LOG.trace("Resolved value [{}] for property: {}", converted.get(), name);
                            } else {
                                LOG.trace("Resolved value [{}] cannot be converted to type [{}] for property: {}", value, conversionContext.getArgument(), name);
                            }
                        }

                        if (cacheableType) {
                            resolvedValueCache.put(cacheKey(name, requiredType), converted.orElse((T) NO_VALUE));
                        }
                        return converted;
                    } else if (cacheableType) {
                        resolvedValueCache.put(cacheKey(name, requiredType), NO_VALUE);
                        return Optional.empty();
                    } else if (Properties.class.isAssignableFrom(requiredType)) {
                        Properties properties = resolveSubProperties(name, entries, conversionContext);
                        return Optional.of((T) properties);
                    } else if (Map.class.isAssignableFrom(requiredType)) {
                        Map subMap = resolveSubMap(name, entries, conversionContext);
                        if (!subMap.isEmpty()) {
                            return conversionService.convert(subMap, requiredType, conversionContext);
                        } else {
                            return (Optional) Optional.of(subMap);
                        }
                    } else if (PropertyResolver.class.isAssignableFrom(requiredType)) {
                        Map subMap = resolveSubMap(name, entries, conversionContext);
                        return Optional.of((T) new MapPropertyResolver(subMap, conversionService));
                    }
                }
            }

        }
        if (LOG.isTraceEnabled()) {
            LOG.trace("No value found for property: {}", name);
        }

        Class requiredType = conversionContext.getArgument().getType();
        if (Properties.class.isAssignableFrom(requiredType)) {
            return Optional.of((T) new Properties());
        } else if (Map.class.isAssignableFrom(requiredType)) {
            return Optional.of((T) Collections.emptyMap());
        }
        return Optional.empty();
    }

    @NotNull
    private  String cacheKey(@NonNull String name, Class requiredType) {
        return name + '|' + requiredType.getSimpleName();
    }

    /**
     * Returns a combined Map of all properties in the catalog.
     *
     * @param keyConvention The map key convention
     * @param transformation The map format
     * @return Map of all properties
     */
    public Map getAllProperties(StringConvention keyConvention, MapFormat.MapTransformation transformation) {
        Map map = new HashMap<>();
        boolean isNested = transformation == MapFormat.MapTransformation.NESTED;

        Arrays
            .stream(catalog)
            .filter(Objects::nonNull)
            .map(Map::entrySet)
            .flatMap(Collection::stream)
            .forEach((Map.Entry entry) -> {
                String k = keyConvention.format(entry.getKey());
                Object value = resolvePlaceHoldersIfNecessary(entry.getValue());
                Map finalMap = map;
                int index = k.indexOf('.');
                if (index != -1 && isNested) {
                    String[] keys = DOT_PATTERN.split(k);
                    for (int i = 0; i < keys.length - 1; i++) {
                        if (!finalMap.containsKey(keys[i])) {
                            finalMap.put(keys[i], new HashMap<>());
                        }
                        Object next = finalMap.get(keys[i]);
                        if (next instanceof Map) {
                            finalMap = ((Map) next);
                        }
                    }
                    finalMap.put(keys[keys.length - 1], value);
                } else {
                    finalMap.put(k, value);
                }
            });

        return map;
    }

    /**
     * @param name              The property name
     * @param entries           The entries
     * @param conversionContext The conversion context
     * @return The subproperties
     */
    protected Properties resolveSubProperties(String name, Map entries, ArgumentConversionContext conversionContext) {
        // special handling for maps for resolving sub keys
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata = conversionContext.getAnnotationMetadata();
        StringConvention keyConvention = annotationMetadata.enumValue(MapFormat.class, "keyFormat", StringConvention.class)
                                                           .orElse(null);
        if (keyConvention == StringConvention.RAW) {
            entries = resolveEntriesForKey(name, false, PropertyCatalog.RAW);
        }
        String prefix = name + '.';
        entries.entrySet().stream()
            .filter(map -> map.getKey().startsWith(prefix))
            .forEach(entry -> {
                Object value = entry.getValue();
                if (value != null) {
                    String key = entry.getKey().substring(prefix.length());
                    key = keyConvention != null ? keyConvention.format(key) : key;
                    properties.put(key, resolvePlaceHoldersIfNecessary(value.toString()));
                }
            });

        return properties;
    }

    /**
     * @param name              The property name
     * @param entries           The entries
     * @param conversionContext The conversion context
     * @return The submap
     */
    protected Map resolveSubMap(String name, Map entries, ArgumentConversionContext conversionContext) {
        // special handling for maps for resolving sub keys
        AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata = conversionContext.getAnnotationMetadata();
        StringConvention keyConvention = annotationMetadata.enumValue(MapFormat.class, "keyFormat", StringConvention.class).orElse(null);
        if (keyConvention == StringConvention.RAW) {
            entries = resolveEntriesForKey(name, false, PropertyCatalog.RAW);
        }
        MapFormat.MapTransformation transformation = annotationMetadata.enumValue(
                MapFormat.class,
                "transformation",
                MapFormat.MapTransformation.class)
                .orElse(MapFormat.MapTransformation.NESTED);
        return resolveSubMap(name, entries, conversionContext, keyConvention, transformation);
    }

    /**
     * Resolves a submap for the given name and parameters.
     *
     * @param name The name
     * @param entries The entries
     * @param conversionContext The conversion context
     * @param keyConvention The key convention to use
     * @param transformation The map transformation to apply
     * @return The resulting map
     */
    @NonNull
    protected Map resolveSubMap(
            String name,
            Map entries,
            ArgumentConversionContext conversionContext,
            @Nullable StringConvention keyConvention,
            MapFormat.MapTransformation transformation) {
        final Argument valueType = conversionContext.getTypeVariable("V").orElse(Argument.OBJECT_ARGUMENT);
        boolean valueTypeIsList = List.class.isAssignableFrom(valueType.getType());
        Map subMap = new LinkedHashMap<>(entries.size());

        String prefix = name + '.';
        for (Map.Entry entry : entries.entrySet()) {
            final String key = entry.getKey();

            if (valueTypeIsList && key.contains("[") && key.endsWith("]")) {
                continue;
            }

            if (key.startsWith(prefix)) {
                String subMapKey = key.substring(prefix.length());

                Object value = resolvePlaceHoldersIfNecessary(entry.getValue());

                if (transformation == MapFormat.MapTransformation.FLAT) {
                    subMapKey = keyConvention != null ? keyConvention.format(subMapKey) : subMapKey;
                    value = conversionService.convert(value, valueType).orElse(null);
                    subMap.put(subMapKey, value);
                } else {
                    processSubmapKey(
                            subMap,
                            subMapKey,
                            value,
                            keyConvention
                    );
                }
            }
        }
        return subMap;
    }

    /**
     * @param properties The property source
     * @param convention The property convention
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("MagicNumber")
    protected void processPropertySource(PropertySource properties, PropertySource.PropertyConvention convention) {
        this.propertySources.put(properties.getName(), properties);
        synchronized (catalog) {
            for (String property : properties) {

                if (LOG.isTraceEnabled()) {
                    LOG.trace("Processing property key {}", property);
                }

                Object value = properties.get(property);

                if (value instanceof CharSequence) {
                    value = processRandomExpressions(convention, property, (CharSequence) value);
                } else if (value instanceof List) {
                    final ListIterator i = ((List) value).listIterator();
                    while (i.hasNext()) {
                        final Object o = i.next();
                        if (o instanceof CharSequence) {
                            final CharSequence newValue = processRandomExpressions(convention, property, (CharSequence) o);
                            if (newValue != o) {
                                i.set(newValue);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                List resolvedProperties = resolvePropertiesForConvention(property, convention);
                boolean first = true;
                for (String resolvedProperty : resolvedProperties) {
                    int i = resolvedProperty.indexOf('[');
                    if (i > -1) {
                        String propertyName = resolvedProperty.substring(0, i);
                        Map entries = resolveEntriesForKey(propertyName, true, PropertyCatalog.GENERATED);
                        if (entries != null) {
                            entries.put(resolvedProperty, value);
                            expandProperty(resolvedProperty.substring(i), val -> entries.put(propertyName, val), () -> entries.get(propertyName), value);
                        }
                        if (first) {
                            Map normalized = resolveEntriesForKey(resolvedProperty, true, PropertyCatalog.NORMALIZED);
                            if (normalized != null) {
                                normalized.put(propertyName, value);
                            }
                            first = false;
                        }
                    } else {
                        Map entries = resolveEntriesForKey(resolvedProperty, true, PropertyCatalog.GENERATED);
                        if (entries != null) {
                            if (value instanceof List || value instanceof Map) {
                                collapseProperty(resolvedProperty, entries, value);
                            }
                            entries.put(resolvedProperty, value);
                        }
                        if (first) {
                            Map normalized = resolveEntriesForKey(resolvedProperty, true, PropertyCatalog.NORMALIZED);
                            if (normalized != null) {
                                normalized.put(resolvedProperty, value);
                            }
                            first = false;
                        }
                    }
                }

                final Map rawEntries = resolveEntriesForKey(property, true, PropertyCatalog.RAW);
                if (rawEntries != null) {
                    rawEntries.put(property, value);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void expandProperty(String property, Consumer containerSet, Supplier containerGet, Object actualValue) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(property)) {
            containerSet.accept(actualValue);
            return;
        }
        int i = property.indexOf('[');
        int li = property.indexOf(']');
        if (i == 0 && li > -1) {
            String propertyIndex = property.substring(1, li);
            String propertyRest = property.substring(li + 1);
            Object container = containerGet.get();
            if (StringUtils.isDigits(propertyIndex)) {
                Integer number = Integer.valueOf(propertyIndex);
                List list;
                if (container instanceof List) {
                    list = (List) container;
                } else {
                    list = new ArrayList(10);
                    containerSet.accept(list);
                }
                fill(list, number, null);

                expandProperty(propertyRest, val -> list.set(number, val), () -> list.get(number), actualValue);
            } else {
                Map map;
                if (container instanceof Map) {
                    map = (Map) container;
                } else {
                    map = new LinkedHashMap(10);
                    containerSet.accept(map);
                }

                expandProperty(propertyRest, val -> map.put(propertyIndex, val), () -> map.get(propertyIndex), actualValue);
            }
        } else if (property.startsWith(".")) {
            String propertyName;
            String propertyRest;
            if (i > -1) {
                propertyName = property.substring(1, i);
                propertyRest = property.substring(i);
            } else {
                propertyName = property.substring(1);
                propertyRest = "";
            }
            Object v = containerGet.get();
            Map map;
            if (v instanceof Map) {
                map = (Map) v;
            } else {
                map = new LinkedHashMap(10);
                containerSet.accept(map);
            }
            expandProperty(propertyRest, val -> map.put(propertyName, val), () -> map.get(propertyName), actualValue);
        }
    }

    private void collapseProperty(String prefix, Map entries, Object value) {
        if (value instanceof List) {
            for (int i = 0; i < ((List) value).size(); i++) {
                Object item = ((List) value).get(i);
                if (item != null) {
                    collapseProperty(prefix + "[" + i + "]", entries, item);
                }
            }
        } else if (value instanceof Map) {
            for (Map.Entry entry: ((Map) value).entrySet()) {
                Object key = entry.getKey();
                if (key instanceof CharSequence) {
                    collapseProperty(prefix + "." + ((CharSequence) key).toString(), entries, entry.getValue());
                }
            }
        } else {
            entries.put(prefix, value);
        }
    }

    private CharSequence processRandomExpressions(PropertySource.PropertyConvention convention, String property, CharSequence str) {
        if (convention != PropertySource.PropertyConvention.ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE && str.toString().contains(propertyPlaceholderResolver.getPrefix())) {
            StringBuffer newValue = new StringBuffer();
            Matcher matcher = RANDOM_PATTERN.matcher(str);
            boolean hasRandoms = false;
            while (matcher.find()) {
                hasRandoms = true;
                String type = matcher.group(1).trim().toLowerCase();
                String randomValue;
                switch (type) {
                    case "port":
                        randomValue = String.valueOf(SocketUtils.findAvailableTcpPort());
                        break;
                    case "int":
                    case "integer":
                        randomValue = String.valueOf(random.nextInt());
                        break;
                    case "long":
                        randomValue = String.valueOf(random.nextLong());
                        break;
                    case "float":
                        randomValue = String.valueOf(random.nextFloat());
                        break;
                    case "shortuuid":
                        randomValue = UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(25, 35);
                        break;
                    case "uuid":
                        randomValue = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
                        break;
                    case "uuid2":
                        randomValue = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
                        break;
                    default:
                        throw new ConfigurationException("Invalid random expression " + matcher.group(0) + " for property: " + property);
                }
                matcher.appendReplacement(newValue, randomValue);
            }

            if (hasRandoms) {
                matcher.appendTail(newValue);
                return newValue.toString();
            }

        }
        return str;
    }

    /**
     * @param name        The name
     * @param allowCreate Whether allows creation
     * @return The map with the resolved entries for the name
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("MagicNumber")
    protected Map resolveEntriesForKey(String name, boolean allowCreate) {
        return resolveEntriesForKey(name, allowCreate, null);
    }

    /**
     * @param name        The name
     * @param allowCreate Whether allows creation
     * @param propertyCatalog The string convention
     * @return The map with the resolved entries for the name
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("MagicNumber")
    protected Map resolveEntriesForKey(String name, boolean allowCreate, @Nullable PropertyCatalog propertyCatalog) {
        if (name.length() == 0) {
            return null;
        }
        final Map[] catalog = getCatalog(propertyCatalog);

        Map entries = null;
        char firstChar = name.charAt(0);
        if (Character.isLetter(firstChar)) {
            int index = firstChar - 65;
            if (index < catalog.length && index >= 0) {
                entries = catalog[index];
                if (allowCreate && entries == null) {
                    entries = new LinkedHashMap<>(5);
                    catalog[index] = entries;
                }
            }
        }
        return entries;
    }

    private Map[] getCatalog(@Nullable PropertyCatalog propertyCatalog) {
        propertyCatalog = propertyCatalog != null ? propertyCatalog : PropertyCatalog.GENERATED;
        final Map[] catalog;
        switch (propertyCatalog) {
            case RAW:
                catalog = this.rawCatalog;
            break;
            case NORMALIZED:
                catalog = this.nonGenerated;
            break;
            default:
                catalog = this.catalog;
        }
        return catalog;
    }

    /**
     * Subclasses can override to reset caches.
     */
    protected void resetCaches() {
        containsCache.clear();
        resolvedValueCache.clear();
    }

    private void processSubmapKey(Map map, String key, Object value, @Nullable StringConvention keyConvention) {
        int index = key.indexOf('.');
        final boolean hasKeyConvention = keyConvention != null;
        if (index == -1) {
            key = hasKeyConvention ? keyConvention.format(key) : key;
            map.put(key, value);
        } else {

            String mapKey = key.substring(0, index);
            mapKey = hasKeyConvention ? keyConvention.format(mapKey) : mapKey;
            if (!map.containsKey(mapKey)) {
                map.put(mapKey, new LinkedHashMap<>());
            }
            final Object v = map.get(mapKey);
            if (v instanceof Map) {
                Map nestedMap = (Map) v;
                String nestedKey = key.substring(index + 1);
                processSubmapKey(nestedMap, nestedKey, value, keyConvention);
            } else {
                map.put(mapKey, v);
            }
        }
    }

    private String normalizeName(String name) {
        return name.replace('-', '.');
    }

    private Object resolvePlaceHoldersIfNecessary(Object value) {
        if (value instanceof CharSequence) {
            return propertyPlaceholderResolver.resolveRequiredPlaceholders(value.toString());
        } else if (value instanceof List) {
            List list = (List) value;
            List newList = new ArrayList<>(list);
            final ListIterator i = newList.listIterator();
            while (i.hasNext()) {
                final Object o = i.next();
                if (o instanceof CharSequence) {
                    i.set(resolvePlaceHoldersIfNecessary(o));
                } else if (o instanceof Map) {
                    Map submap = (Map) o;
                    Map newMap = new LinkedHashMap<>(submap.size());
                    for (Map.Entry entry : submap.entrySet()) {
                        final Object k = entry.getKey();
                        final Object v = entry.getValue();
                        newMap.put(k, resolvePlaceHoldersIfNecessary(v));
                    }
                    i.set(newMap);
                }
            }
            value = newList;
        }
        return value;
    }

    private List resolvePropertiesForConvention(String property, PropertySource.PropertyConvention convention) {
        if (convention == PropertySource.PropertyConvention.ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE) {
            property = property.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);

            List separatorIndexList = new ArrayList<>();
            char[] propertyArr = property.toCharArray();
            for (int i = 0; i < propertyArr.length; i++) {
                if (propertyArr[i] == '_') {
                    separatorIndexList.add(i);
                }
            }

            if (!separatorIndexList.isEmpty()) {
                //store the index in the array where each separator is
                int[] separatorIndexes = separatorIndexList.stream().mapToInt(Integer::intValue).toArray();

                int separatorCount = separatorIndexes.length;
                //halves is used to determine when to flip the separator
                int[] halves = new int[separatorCount];
                //stores the separator per half
                byte[] separator = new byte[separatorCount];
                //the total number of permutations. 2 to the power of the number of separators
                int permutations = (int) Math.pow(2, separatorCount);

                //initialize the halves
                //ex 4, 2, 1 for A_B_C_D
                for (int i = 0; i < halves.length; i++) {
                    int start = (i == 0) ? permutations : halves[i - 1];
                    halves[i] = start / 2;
                }

                String[] properties = new String[permutations];

                for (int i = 0; i < permutations; i++) {
                    int round = i + 1;
                    for (int s = 0; s < separatorCount; s++) {
                        //mutate the array with the separator
                        propertyArr[separatorIndexes[s]] = DOT_DASH[separator[s]];
                        if (round % halves[s] == 0) {
                            separator[s] ^= 1;
                        }
                    }
                    properties[i] = new String(propertyArr);
                }

                return Arrays.asList(properties);
            } else {
                return Collections.singletonList(property);
            }
        }
        return Collections.singletonList(
                NameUtils.hyphenate(property, true)
        );
    }

    private String trimIndex(String name) {
        int i = name.lastIndexOf('[');
        if (i > -1 && name.endsWith("]")) {
            name = name.substring(0, i);
        }
        return name;
    }

    private void fill(List list, Integer toIndex, Object value) {
        if (toIndex >= list.size()) {
            for (int i = list.size(); i <= toIndex; i++) {
                list.add(i, value);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * The property catalog to use.
     */
    protected enum PropertyCatalog {
        /**
         * The catalog that contains the raw keys.
         */
        RAW,
        /**
         * The catalog that contains normalized keys. A key is normalized into
         * lower case hyphen separated form. For example an environment variable {@code FOO_BAR} would be
         * normalized to {@code foo.bar}.
         */
        NORMALIZED,
        /**
         * The catalog that contains normalized keys and also generated keys. A synthetic key can be generated from
         * an environment variable such as {@code FOO_BAR_BAZ} which will produce the following keys: {@code foo.bar.baz},
         * {@code foo.bar-baz}, and {@code foo-bar.baz}.
         */
        GENERATED
    }
}
    
    
    
    

    




    
    
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