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/*
 * Copyright 2012 The Netty Project
 *
 * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
 * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
 * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
 * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */
package io.netty.handler.stream;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBufAllocator;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelDuplexHandler;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelProgressivePromise;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPromise;
import io.netty.util.ReferenceCountUtil;
import io.netty.util.internal.logging.InternalLogger;
import io.netty.util.internal.logging.InternalLoggerFactory;

import java.nio.channels.ClosedChannelException;
import java.util.ArrayDeque;
import java.util.Queue;

/**
 * A {@link ChannelHandler} that adds support for writing a large data stream
 * asynchronously neither spending a lot of memory nor getting
 * {@link OutOfMemoryError}.  Large data streaming such as file
 * transfer requires complicated state management in a {@link ChannelHandler}
 * implementation.  {@link ChunkedWriteHandler} manages such complicated states
 * so that you can send a large data stream without difficulties.
 * 

* To use {@link ChunkedWriteHandler} in your application, you have to insert * a new {@link ChunkedWriteHandler} instance: *

 * {@link ChannelPipeline} p = ...;
 * p.addLast("streamer", new {@link ChunkedWriteHandler}());
 * p.addLast("handler", new MyHandler());
 * 
* Once inserted, you can write a {@link ChunkedInput} so that the * {@link ChunkedWriteHandler} can pick it up and fetch the content of the * stream chunk by chunk and write the fetched chunk downstream: *
 * {@link Channel} ch = ...;
 * ch.write(new {@link ChunkedFile}(new File("video.mkv"));
 * 
* *

Sending a stream which generates a chunk intermittently

* * Some {@link ChunkedInput} generates a chunk on a certain event or timing. * Such {@link ChunkedInput} implementation often returns {@code null} on * {@link ChunkedInput#readChunk(ChannelHandlerContext)}, resulting in the indefinitely suspended * transfer. To resume the transfer when a new chunk is available, you have to * call {@link #resumeTransfer()}. */ public class ChunkedWriteHandler extends ChannelDuplexHandler { private static final InternalLogger logger = InternalLoggerFactory.getInstance(ChunkedWriteHandler.class); private final Queue queue = new ArrayDeque(); private volatile ChannelHandlerContext ctx; private PendingWrite currentWrite; public ChunkedWriteHandler() { } /** * @deprecated use {@link #ChunkedWriteHandler()} */ @Deprecated public ChunkedWriteHandler(int maxPendingWrites) { if (maxPendingWrites <= 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "maxPendingWrites: " + maxPendingWrites + " (expected: > 0)"); } } @Override public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { this.ctx = ctx; } /** * Continues to fetch the chunks from the input. */ public void resumeTransfer() { final ChannelHandlerContext ctx = this.ctx; if (ctx == null) { return; } if (ctx.executor().inEventLoop()) { resumeTransfer0(ctx); } else { // let the transfer resume on the next event loop round ctx.executor().execute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { resumeTransfer0(ctx); } }); } } private void resumeTransfer0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) { try { doFlush(ctx); } catch (Exception e) { logger.warn("Unexpected exception while sending chunks.", e); } } @Override public void write(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg, ChannelPromise promise) throws Exception { queue.add(new PendingWrite(msg, promise)); } @Override public void flush(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { doFlush(ctx); } @Override public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { doFlush(ctx); ctx.fireChannelInactive(); } @Override public void channelWritabilityChanged(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { if (ctx.channel().isWritable()) { // channel is writable again try to continue flushing doFlush(ctx); } ctx.fireChannelWritabilityChanged(); } private void discard(Throwable cause) { for (;;) { PendingWrite currentWrite = this.currentWrite; if (this.currentWrite == null) { currentWrite = queue.poll(); } else { this.currentWrite = null; } if (currentWrite == null) { break; } Object message = currentWrite.msg; if (message instanceof ChunkedInput) { ChunkedInput in = (ChunkedInput) message; boolean endOfInput; long inputLength; try { endOfInput = in.isEndOfInput(); inputLength = in.length(); closeInput(in); } catch (Exception e) { closeInput(in); currentWrite.fail(e); if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) { logger.warn(ChunkedInput.class.getSimpleName() + " failed", e); } continue; } if (!endOfInput) { if (cause == null) { cause = new ClosedChannelException(); } currentWrite.fail(cause); } else { currentWrite.success(inputLength); } } else { if (cause == null) { cause = new ClosedChannelException(); } currentWrite.fail(cause); } } } private void doFlush(final ChannelHandlerContext ctx) { final Channel channel = ctx.channel(); if (!channel.isActive()) { discard(null); return; } boolean requiresFlush = true; ByteBufAllocator allocator = ctx.alloc(); while (channel.isWritable()) { if (currentWrite == null) { currentWrite = queue.poll(); } if (currentWrite == null) { break; } if (currentWrite.promise.isDone()) { // This might happen e.g. in the case when a write operation // failed, but there're still unconsumed chunks left. // Most chunked input sources would stop generating chunks // and report end of input, but this doesn't work with any // source wrapped in HttpChunkedInput. // Note, that we're not trying to release the message/chunks // as this had to be done already by someone who resolved the // promise (using ChunkedInput.close method). // See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/8700. this.currentWrite = null; continue; } final PendingWrite currentWrite = this.currentWrite; final Object pendingMessage = currentWrite.msg; if (pendingMessage instanceof ChunkedInput) { final ChunkedInput chunks = (ChunkedInput) pendingMessage; boolean endOfInput; boolean suspend; Object message = null; try { message = chunks.readChunk(allocator); endOfInput = chunks.isEndOfInput(); if (message == null) { // No need to suspend when reached at the end. suspend = !endOfInput; } else { suspend = false; } } catch (final Throwable t) { this.currentWrite = null; if (message != null) { ReferenceCountUtil.release(message); } closeInput(chunks); currentWrite.fail(t); break; } if (suspend) { // ChunkedInput.nextChunk() returned null and it has // not reached at the end of input. Let's wait until // more chunks arrive. Nothing to write or notify. break; } if (message == null) { // If message is null write an empty ByteBuf. // See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/1671 message = Unpooled.EMPTY_BUFFER; } ChannelFuture f = ctx.write(message); if (endOfInput) { this.currentWrite = null; // Register a listener which will close the input once the write is complete. // This is needed because the Chunk may have some resource bound that can not // be closed before its not written. // // See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/303 f.addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() { @Override public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception { if (!future.isSuccess()) { closeInput(chunks); currentWrite.fail(future.cause()); } else { // read state of the input in local variables before closing it long inputProgress = chunks.progress(); long inputLength = chunks.length(); closeInput(chunks); currentWrite.progress(inputProgress, inputLength); currentWrite.success(inputLength); } } }); } else if (channel.isWritable()) { f.addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() { @Override public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception { if (!future.isSuccess()) { closeInput(chunks); currentWrite.fail(future.cause()); } else { currentWrite.progress(chunks.progress(), chunks.length()); } } }); } else { f.addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() { @Override public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception { if (!future.isSuccess()) { closeInput(chunks); currentWrite.fail(future.cause()); } else { currentWrite.progress(chunks.progress(), chunks.length()); if (channel.isWritable()) { resumeTransfer(); } } } }); } // Flush each chunk to conserve memory ctx.flush(); requiresFlush = false; } else { this.currentWrite = null; ctx.write(pendingMessage, currentWrite.promise); requiresFlush = true; } if (!channel.isActive()) { discard(new ClosedChannelException()); break; } } if (requiresFlush) { ctx.flush(); } } private static void closeInput(ChunkedInput chunks) { try { chunks.close(); } catch (Throwable t) { if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) { logger.warn("Failed to close a chunked input.", t); } } } private static final class PendingWrite { final Object msg; final ChannelPromise promise; PendingWrite(Object msg, ChannelPromise promise) { this.msg = msg; this.promise = promise; } void fail(Throwable cause) { ReferenceCountUtil.release(msg); promise.tryFailure(cause); } void success(long total) { if (promise.isDone()) { // No need to notify the progress or fulfill the promise because it's done already. return; } progress(total, total); promise.trySuccess(); } void progress(long progress, long total) { if (promise instanceof ChannelProgressivePromise) { ((ChannelProgressivePromise) promise).tryProgress(progress, total); } } } }




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