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The Netty project is an effort to provide an asynchronous event-driven network application framework and tools for rapid development of maintainable high performance and high scalability protocol servers and clients. In other words, Netty is a NIO client server framework which enables quick and easy development of network applications such as protocol servers and clients. It greatly simplifies and streamlines network programming such as TCP and UDP socket server.

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/*
 * Copyright 2012 The Netty Project
 *
 * The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
 * version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
 * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
 * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */
package org.jboss.netty.buffer;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.ClosedChannelException;
import java.nio.channels.GatheringByteChannel;
import java.nio.channels.ScatteringByteChannel;

/**
 * A skeletal implementation for Java heap buffers.
 */
public abstract class HeapChannelBuffer extends AbstractChannelBuffer {

    /**
     * The underlying heap byte array that this buffer is wrapping.
     */
    protected final byte[] array;

    /**
     * Creates a new heap buffer with a newly allocated byte array.
     *
     * @param length the length of the new byte array
     */
    protected HeapChannelBuffer(int length) {
        this(new byte[length], 0, 0);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new heap buffer with an existing byte array.
     *
     * @param array the byte array to wrap
     */
    protected HeapChannelBuffer(byte[] array) {
        this(array, 0, array.length);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new heap buffer with an existing byte array.
     *
     * @param array        the byte array to wrap
     * @param readerIndex  the initial reader index of this buffer
     * @param writerIndex  the initial writer index of this buffer
     */
    protected HeapChannelBuffer(byte[] array, int readerIndex, int writerIndex) {
        if (array == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("array");
        }
        this.array = array;
        setIndex(readerIndex, writerIndex);
    }

    public boolean isDirect() {
        return false;
    }

    public int capacity() {
        return array.length;
    }

    public boolean hasArray() {
        return true;
    }

    public byte[] array() {
        return array;
    }

    public int arrayOffset() {
        return 0;
    }

    public byte getByte(int index) {
        return array[index];
    }

    public void getBytes(int index, ChannelBuffer dst, int dstIndex, int length) {
        if (dst instanceof HeapChannelBuffer) {
            getBytes(index, ((HeapChannelBuffer) dst).array, dstIndex, length);
        } else {
            dst.setBytes(dstIndex, array, index, length);
        }
    }

    public void getBytes(int index, byte[] dst, int dstIndex, int length) {
        System.arraycopy(array, index, dst, dstIndex, length);
    }

    public void getBytes(int index, ByteBuffer dst) {
        dst.put(array, index, Math.min(capacity() - index, dst.remaining()));
    }

    public void getBytes(int index, OutputStream out, int length)
            throws IOException {
        out.write(array, index, length);
    }

    public int getBytes(int index, GatheringByteChannel out, int length)
            throws IOException {
        return out.write(ByteBuffer.wrap(array, index, length));
    }

    public void setByte(int index, int value) {
        array[index] = (byte) value;
    }

    public void setBytes(int index, ChannelBuffer src, int srcIndex, int length) {
        if (src instanceof HeapChannelBuffer) {
            setBytes(index, ((HeapChannelBuffer) src).array, srcIndex, length);
        } else {
            src.getBytes(srcIndex, array, index, length);
        }
    }

    public void setBytes(int index, byte[] src, int srcIndex, int length) {
        System.arraycopy(src, srcIndex, array, index, length);
    }

    public void setBytes(int index, ByteBuffer src) {
        src.get(array, index, src.remaining());
    }

    public int setBytes(int index, InputStream in, int length) throws IOException {
        int readBytes = 0;
        do {
            int localReadBytes = in.read(array, index, length);
            if (localReadBytes < 0) {
                if (readBytes == 0) {
                    return -1;
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            }
            readBytes += localReadBytes;
            index += localReadBytes;
            length -= localReadBytes;
        } while (length > 0);

        return readBytes;
    }

    public int setBytes(int index, ScatteringByteChannel in, int length) throws IOException {
        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(array, index, length);
        int readBytes = 0;

        do {
            int localReadBytes;
            try {
                localReadBytes = in.read(buf);
            } catch (ClosedChannelException e) {
                localReadBytes = -1;
            }
            if (localReadBytes < 0) {
                if (readBytes == 0) {
                    return -1;
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (localReadBytes == 0) {
                break;
            }
            readBytes += localReadBytes;
        } while (readBytes < length);

        return readBytes;
    }

    public ChannelBuffer slice(int index, int length) {
        if (index == 0) {
            if (length == 0) {
                return ChannelBuffers.EMPTY_BUFFER;
            }
            if (length == array.length) {
                ChannelBuffer slice = duplicate();
                slice.setIndex(0, length);
                return slice;
            } else {
                return new TruncatedChannelBuffer(this, length);
            }
        } else {
            if (length == 0) {
                return ChannelBuffers.EMPTY_BUFFER;
            }
            return new SlicedChannelBuffer(this, index, length);
        }
    }

    public ByteBuffer toByteBuffer(int index, int length) {
        return ByteBuffer.wrap(array, index, length).order(order());
    }
}




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