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/**
 * 
 * Copyright 2024 California Institute of Technology ("Caltech").
 * U.S. Government sponsorship acknowledged.
 * 
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 * 
 */
package io.opencaesar.owl.tdb;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Vector;

import org.apache.xml.resolver.Catalog;
import org.apache.xml.resolver.CatalogEntry;
import org.apache.xml.resolver.CatalogManager;

/**
 * The Catalog that resolves logical IRIs to physical URIs. It is a
 * wrapper around the the Apache XML Resolver Catalog.
 * 
 * @author elaasar
 */
public final class OwlCatalog {

    /*
     * The singleton catalog manager
     */
    private static CatalogManager manager = new CatalogManager();
    static {
        manager.setUseStaticCatalog(false);
        manager.setIgnoreMissingProperties(true);
    }

    /*
     * The wrapped Apache catalog
     */
    private CatalogEx catalog;

    /*
     * The file extensions
     */
    private List fileExtensions;

    /*
     * Creates a new OmlCatalog instance
     */
    private OwlCatalog(CatalogEx catalog, List fileExtensions) {
        this.catalog = catalog;
        this.fileExtensions = fileExtensions;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new Oml Catalog given a catalog URI and a list of file extensions
     * 
     * @param catalogFile    The catalog file
     * @param fileExtensions The file extensions
     * @return A new instance of Oml Catalog
     * @throws IOException When there are problems parsing the catalog
     */
    public static OwlCatalog create(File catalogFile, List fileExtensions) throws IOException {
        CatalogEx catalog = new CatalogEx(catalogFile.toURI());
        catalog.setCatalogManager(manager);
        catalog.setupReaders();
        catalog.loadSystemCatalogs();
        catalog.parseCatalog(catalogFile.toString());
        return new OwlCatalog(catalog, fileExtensions);
    }

    /**
     * Resolves the given URI to a file path
     * 
     * @param uri The URI to resolve
     * @return The resolved file path
     */
    public String resolveURI(String uri) {
        try {
            String resolved = catalog.resolveURI(uri);
            resolved = normalize(resolved);
            if (resolved != null && resolved.startsWith("file:")) {
                File f = new File(new URI(resolved));
                if (!f.exists() || !f.isFile()) {
                    for (String ext : fileExtensions) {
                        String fileWithExtensionPath = f.toString() + "." + ext;
                        File f_ext = new File(fileWithExtensionPath);
                        if (f_ext.exists() && f_ext.isFile())
                            return resolved + "." + ext;
                    }
                }
            }
            return resolved;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Deresolves the given file path to a URI
     * 
     * @param path The file path to resolve
     * @return The resolved URI
     */
    public String deresolveURI(String path) {
        try {
            int i = path.lastIndexOf('.');
            if (i != -1) {
                path = path.substring(0, i);
            }
            String startString = null;
            String prefix = null;
            for (Map.Entry e : getRewriteRules().entrySet()) {
                String p = new File(e.getValue()).toString() + File.separator;
                if (p.length() <= path.length() && p.equals(path.substring(0, p.length()))) {
                    // Is this the longest prefix?
                    if (startString == null || p.length() > startString.length()) {
                        startString = p;
                        prefix = e.getKey();
                    }
                }
            }
            // Make sure to replace the OS-specific separator char with the '/' character for URIs.
            String suffix = path.substring(startString.length()).replace(File.separatorChar, '/');
            return (prefix != null) ? prefix + suffix : null;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Gets the current base of the catalog
     * 
     * @return The current base of the catalog
     */
    public String getCurrentBase() {
        return catalog.getCurrentBase();
    }

    /**
     * Gets the base URI
     * 
     * @return The base URI
     */
    public URI getBaseUri() {
        return catalog.getBaseUri();
    }

    /**
     * Gets the catalog entries
     * 
     * @return The entries of the catalog
     */
    public List getEntries() {
        List entries = new ArrayList();
        Enumeration en = catalog.getCatalogEntries().elements();
        while (en.hasMoreElements()) {
            entries.add((CatalogEntry) en.nextElement());
        }
        return entries;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the nested catalogs of this catalog
     * 
     * @return The nested catalog of this catalog
     */
    public List getNestedCatalogs() {
        List entries = new ArrayList();
        Enumeration en = catalog.getCatalogs().elements();
        while (en.hasMoreElements()) {
            entries.add((String) en.nextElement());
        }
        return entries;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the URIs that are used for rewrite rules in this catalog
     * 
     * @return a map of rewrite URIs
     */
    public Map getRewriteRules() {
        var rewriteUris = new HashMap();
        for (CatalogEntry e : getEntries()) {
            if (e.getEntryType() == Catalog.REWRITE_URI) { // only type of entry supported so far
                var uri = URI.create(normalize(e.getEntryArg(1)));
                String s = uri.toString();
                if (s.endsWith("/")) {
                    try {
                        uri = new URI(s.substring(0, s.length() - 1));
                    } catch (URISyntaxException e1) {
                        e1.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                rewriteUris.put(e.getEntryArg(0), uri);
            }
        }
        return rewriteUris;
    }

    private String normalize(String path) {
        java.net.URI uri = java.net.URI.create(path);
        java.net.URI normalized = uri.normalize();
        return path.replaceFirst(uri.getRawPath(), normalized.getRawPath());
    }

    /**
     * Gets the URIs of files that are mapped by this catalog
     * 
     * @return a list of file URIs
     */
    public Map getFileUriMap() {
        var uris = new HashMap();
        for (final var rewriteRule : getRewriteRules().entrySet()) {
            var rewriteUri = rewriteRule.getValue();
            var path = new File(rewriteUri);
            if (path.isDirectory()) {
                for (var file : getFiles(path)) {
                    String relative = path.toURI().relativize(file.toURI()).getPath();
                    uris.put(rewriteRule.getKey() + trimFileExtension(relative),
                            URI.create(rewriteUri + "/" + relative));
                }
            } else { // likely a file name with no extension
                for (String ext : fileExtensions) {
                    var file = new File(path.toString() + "." + ext);
                    if (file.exists()) {
                        uris.put(rewriteRule.getKey(), URI.create(path.toString() + "." + ext));
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return uris;
    }

    private List getFiles(File folder) {
        final var files = new LinkedHashSet();
        for (File file : folder.listFiles()) {
            if (file.isFile()) {
                var ext = getFileExtension(file);
                if (fileExtensions.contains(ext)) {
                    files.add(file);
                }
            } else if (file.isDirectory()) {
                files.addAll(getFiles(file));
            }
        }
        return new ArrayList(files);
    }

    private String getFileExtension(final File file) {
        String fileName = file.getName();
        if (fileName.lastIndexOf(".") != -1)
            return fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
        else
            return "";
    }

    private String trimFileExtension(final String fileName) {
        int i = fileName.lastIndexOf('.');
        if (i != -1)
            return fileName.substring(0, i);
        else
            return fileName;
    }

    private static class CatalogEx extends Catalog {
        private URI baseUri;

        public CatalogEx(URI catalogUri) {
            String s = catalogUri.toString();
            int i = s.lastIndexOf("/");
            try {
                this.baseUri = new URI(s.substring(0, i));
            } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        URI getBaseUri() {
            return baseUri;
        }

        Vector getCatalogEntries() {
            return catalogEntries;
        }

        Vector getCatalogs() {
            return catalogs;
        }

        @Override
        protected String makeAbsolute(String sysid) {
            sysid = fixSlashes(sysid);
            return baseUri.toString() + '/' + sysid;
        }
    }

}




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