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/*
 *    GeoTools - The Open Source Java GIS Toolkit
 *    http://geotools.org
 *
 *    (C) 2011, Open Source Geospatial Foundation (OSGeo)
 *    (C) 2003-2005, Open Geospatial Consortium Inc.
 *
 *    All Rights Reserved. http://www.opengis.org/legal/
 */
package org.opengis.geometry.coordinate;

import static org.opengis.annotation.Obligation.*;
import static org.opengis.annotation.Specification.*;

import java.util.List;
import org.opengis.annotation.Extension;
import org.opengis.annotation.UML;
import org.opengis.geometry.DirectPosition;

/**
 * A grid of points. The grid may be see as a sequences of equal length {@linkplain PointArray point
 * arrays}. While a point grid conceptually contains {@linkplain Position positions}, it provides
 * convenience methods for fetching directly the {@linkplain DirectPosition direct positions}
 * instead.
 *
 * @version ISO 19107
 * @author Martin Desruisseaux (IRD)
 * @since GeoAPI 1.0
 * @see Position
 * @see PointArray
 */
@UML(identifier = "GM_PointGrid", specification = ISO_19107)
public interface PointGrid {
    /**
     * Returns the width of this grid. All {@linkplain PointArray point array} in this grid must
     * have this {@linkplain PointArray#length length}.
     *
     * @return The grid width.
     * @see PointArray#length
     */
    @Extension
    int width();

    /**
     * Returns the length of this array. This is equivalent to 
     * {@linkplain #rows rows}().{@linkplain PointArray#length length}().
     *
     * @return The grid height.
     */
    @Extension
    int height();

    /**
     * Returns the point at the given row and column index. This is equivalent to 
     * {@linkplain #getRow getRow}(row).{@linkplain PointArray#get get}(column).
     *
     * @param row The row index from 0 inclusive to {@link #height} exclusive.
     * @param column The column index from 0 inclusive to {@link #width} exclusive.
     * @return The point at the given index.
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if an index is out of bounds.
     */
    @Extension
    DirectPosition get(int row, int column) throws IndexOutOfBoundsException;

    /**
     * Gets a copy of the {@code DirectPosition} at the particular location in this {@code
     * PointGrid}. If the {@code dest} argument is non-null, that object will be populated with the
     * value from the array. In all cases, the position in insulated from changes in the {@code
     * PointArray}, and vice-versa. Consequently, the same {@code DirectPosition} object can be
     * reused for fetching many points from this grid. Example:
     *
     * 
     *
     *      *  DirectPosition position = null;
     *  for (int j=0; j<grid.height(); j++) {
     *      for (int i=0; i<grid.width(); i++) {
     *          position = array.get(j, i, position);
     *          // Do some processing...
     *      }
     *  }
     * 
     *
     * 
     *
     * @param row The row index from 0 inclusive to {@link #height} exclusive.
     * @param column The column index from 0 inclusive to {@link #width} exclusive.
     * @param dest An optionnaly pre-allocated direct position.
     * @return The {@code dest} argument, or a new object if {@code dest} was null.
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if an index is out of bounds.
     */
    @Extension
    DirectPosition get(int row, int column, DirectPosition dest) throws IndexOutOfBoundsException;

    /**
     * Set the point at the given index. The point coordinates will be copied, i.e. changes to the
     * given {@code position} after this method call will not be reflected into this point array.
     * Consequently, the same {@code DirectPosition} object can be reused for setting many points in
     * this array.
     *
     * @param row The row index from 0 inclusive to {@link #height} exclusive.
     * @param column The column index from 0 inclusive to {@link #width} exclusive.
     * @param position The point to set at the given location in this array.
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if an index is out of bounds.
     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this grid is immutable.
     */
    @Extension
    void set(int row, int column, DirectPosition position)
            throws IndexOutOfBoundsException, UnsupportedOperationException;

    /**
     * Returns the row at the given index. The row is backed by this {@code PointGrid}, so changes
     * to the row are reflected in the grid, and vice-versa.
     *
     * @param row The index from 0 inclusive to {@link #height} exclusive.
     * @return The row at the given index.
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is out of bounds.
     */
    @Extension
    PointArray getRow(int row) throws IndexOutOfBoundsException;

    /**
     * Returns a view of all rows in this array. The list is backed by this {@code PointGrid}, so
     * changes to any {@linkplain PointArray point array} are reflected in the grid, and vice-versa.
     *
     * @return The rows in this grid.
     */
    @UML(identifier = "row", obligation = MANDATORY, specification = ISO_19107)
    List rows();
}