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/**
* Copyright (c) 2016-present, RxJava Contributors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in
* compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is
* distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See
* the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
*/
package io.reactivex.subjects;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*;
import io.reactivex.Observer;
import io.reactivex.Scheduler;
import io.reactivex.annotations.*;
import io.reactivex.disposables.Disposable;
import io.reactivex.internal.functions.ObjectHelper;
import io.reactivex.internal.util.NotificationLite;
import io.reactivex.plugins.RxJavaPlugins;
/**
* Replays events (in a configurable bounded or unbounded manner) to current and late {@link Observer}s.
*
* This subject does not have a public constructor by design; a new empty instance of this
* {@code ReplaySubject} can be created via the following {@code create} methods that
* allow specifying the retention policy for items:
*
* - {@link #create()} - creates an empty, unbounded {@code ReplaySubject} that
* caches all items and the terminal event it receives.
*
*
*
*
*
* - {@link #create(int)} - creates an empty, unbounded {@code ReplaySubject}
* with a hint about how many total items one expects to retain.
*
* - {@link #createWithSize(int)} - creates an empty, size-bound {@code ReplaySubject}
* that retains at most the given number of the latest item it receives.
*
*
*
* - {@link #createWithTime(long, TimeUnit, Scheduler)} - creates an empty, time-bound
* {@code ReplaySubject} that retains items no older than the specified time amount.
*
*
*
* - {@link #createWithTimeAndSize(long, TimeUnit, Scheduler, int)} - creates an empty,
* time- and size-bound {@code ReplaySubject} that retains at most the given number
* items that are also not older than the specified time amount.
*
*
*
*
*
* Since a {@code Subject} is conceptionally derived from the {@code Processor} type in the Reactive Streams specification,
* {@code null}s are not allowed (Rule 2.13) as
* parameters to {@link #onNext(Object)} and {@link #onError(Throwable)}. Such calls will result in a
* {@link NullPointerException} being thrown and the subject's state is not changed.
*
* Since a {@code ReplaySubject} is an {@link io.reactivex.Observable}, it does not support backpressure.
*
* When this {@code ReplaySubject} is terminated via {@link #onError(Throwable)} or {@link #onComplete()},
* late {@link io.reactivex.Observer}s will receive the retained/cached items first (if any) followed by the respective
* terminal event. If the {@code ReplaySubject} has a time-bound, the age of the retained/cached items are still considered
* when replaying and thus it may result in no items being emitted before the terminal event.
*
* Once an {@code Observer} has subscribed, it will receive items continuously from that point on. Bounds only affect how
* many past items a new {@code Observer} will receive before it catches up with the live event feed.
*
* Even though {@code ReplaySubject} implements the {@code Observer} interface, calling
* {@code onSubscribe} is not required (Rule 2.12)
* if the subject is used as a standalone source. However, calling {@code onSubscribe}
* after the {@code ReplaySubject} reached its terminal state will result in the
* given {@code Disposable} being disposed immediately.
*
* Calling {@link #onNext(Object)}, {@link #onError(Throwable)} and {@link #onComplete()}
* is required to be serialized (called from the same thread or called non-overlappingly from different threads
* through external means of serialization). The {@link #toSerialized()} method available to all {@code Subject}s
* provides such serialization and also protects against reentrance (i.e., when a downstream {@code Observer}
* consuming this subject also wants to call {@link #onNext(Object)} on this subject recursively).
*
* This {@code ReplaySubject} supports the standard state-peeking methods {@link #hasComplete()}, {@link #hasThrowable()},
* {@link #getThrowable()} and {@link #hasObservers()} as well as means to read the retained/cached items
* in a non-blocking and thread-safe manner via {@link #hasValue()}, {@link #getValue()},
* {@link #getValues()} or {@link #getValues(Object[])}.
*
* Note that due to concurrency requirements, a size- and time-bounded {@code ReplaySubject} may hold strong references to more
* source emissions than specified while it isn't terminated yet. Use the {@link #cleanupBuffer()} to allow
* such inaccessible items to be cleaned up by GC once no consumer references it anymore.
*
* - Scheduler:
* - {@code ReplaySubject} does not operate by default on a particular {@link io.reactivex.Scheduler} and
* the {@code Observer}s get notified on the thread the respective {@code onXXX} methods were invoked.
* Time-bound {@code ReplaySubject}s use the given {@code Scheduler} in their {@code create} methods
* as time source to timestamp of items received for the age checks.
* - Error handling:
* - When the {@link #onError(Throwable)} is called, the {@code ReplaySubject} enters into a terminal state
* and emits the same {@code Throwable} instance to the last set of {@code Observer}s. During this emission,
* if one or more {@code Observer}s dispose their respective {@code Disposable}s, the
* {@code Throwable} is delivered to the global error handler via
* {@link io.reactivex.plugins.RxJavaPlugins#onError(Throwable)} (multiple times if multiple {@code Observer}s
* cancel at once).
* If there were no {@code Observer}s subscribed to this {@code ReplaySubject} when the {@code onError()}
* was called, the global error handler is not invoked.
*
*
*
* Example usage:
*
{@code
ReplaySubject
*
* @param the value type
*/
public final class ReplaySubject extends Subject {
final ReplayBuffer buffer;
final AtomicReference[]> observers;
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
static final ReplayDisposable[] EMPTY = new ReplayDisposable[0];
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
static final ReplayDisposable[] TERMINATED = new ReplayDisposable[0];
boolean done;
/**
* Creates an unbounded replay subject.
*
* The internal buffer is backed by an {@link ArrayList} and starts with an initial capacity of 16. Once the
* number of items reaches this capacity, it will grow as necessary (usually by 50%). However, as the
* number of items grows, this causes frequent array reallocation and copying, and may hurt performance
* and latency. This can be avoided with the {@link #create(int)} overload which takes an initial capacity
* parameter and can be tuned to reduce the array reallocation frequency as needed.
*
* @param
* the type of items observed and emitted by the Subject
* @return the created subject
*/
@CheckReturnValue
@NonNull
public static ReplaySubject create() {
return new ReplaySubject(new UnboundedReplayBuffer(16));
}
/**
* Creates an unbounded replay subject with the specified initial buffer capacity.
*
* Use this method to avoid excessive array reallocation while the internal buffer grows to accommodate new
* items. For example, if you know that the buffer will hold 32k items, you can ask the
* {@code ReplaySubject} to preallocate its internal array with a capacity to hold that many items. Once
* the items start to arrive, the internal array won't need to grow, creating less garbage and no overhead
* due to frequent array-copying.
*
* @param
* the type of items observed and emitted by the Subject
* @param capacityHint
* the initial buffer capacity
* @return the created subject
*/
@CheckReturnValue
@NonNull
public static ReplaySubject create(int capacityHint) {
return new ReplaySubject(new UnboundedReplayBuffer(capacityHint));
}
/**
* Creates a size-bounded replay subject.
*
* In this setting, the {@code ReplaySubject} holds at most {@code size} items in its internal buffer and
* discards the oldest item.
*
* When observers subscribe to a terminated {@code ReplaySubject}, they are guaranteed to see at most
* {@code size} {@code onNext} events followed by a termination event.
*
* If an observer subscribes while the {@code ReplaySubject} is active, it will observe all items in the
* buffer at that point in time and each item observed afterwards, even if the buffer evicts items due to
* the size constraint in the mean time. In other words, once an Observer subscribes, it will receive items
* without gaps in the sequence.
*
* @param
* the type of items observed and emitted by the Subject
* @param maxSize
* the maximum number of buffered items
* @return the created subject
*/
@CheckReturnValue
@NonNull
public static ReplaySubject createWithSize(int maxSize) {
return new ReplaySubject(new SizeBoundReplayBuffer(maxSize));
}
/**
* Creates an unbounded replay subject with the bounded-implementation for testing purposes.
*
* This variant behaves like the regular unbounded {@code ReplaySubject} created via {@link #create()} but
* uses the structures of the bounded-implementation. This is by no means intended for the replacement of
* the original, array-backed and unbounded {@code ReplaySubject} due to the additional overhead of the
* linked-list based internal buffer. The sole purpose is to allow testing and reasoning about the behavior
* of the bounded implementations without the interference of the eviction policies.
*
* @param
* the type of items observed and emitted by the Subject
* @return the created subject
*/
/* test */ static ReplaySubject createUnbounded() {
return new ReplaySubject(new SizeBoundReplayBuffer(Integer.MAX_VALUE));
}
/**
* Creates a time-bounded replay subject.
*
* In this setting, the {@code ReplaySubject} internally tags each observed item with a timestamp value
* supplied by the {@link Scheduler} and keeps only those whose age is less than the supplied time value
* converted to milliseconds. For example, an item arrives at T=0 and the max age is set to 5; at T>=5
* this first item is then evicted by any subsequent item or termination event, leaving the buffer empty.
*
* Once the subject is terminated, observers subscribing to it will receive items that remained in the
* buffer after the terminal event, regardless of their age.
*
* If an observer subscribes while the {@code ReplaySubject} is active, it will observe only those items
* from within the buffer that have an age less than the specified time, and each item observed thereafter,
* even if the buffer evicts items due to the time constraint in the mean time. In other words, once an
* observer subscribes, it observes items without gaps in the sequence except for any outdated items at the
* beginning of the sequence.
*
* Note that terminal notifications ({@code onError} and {@code onComplete}) trigger eviction as well. For
* example, with a max age of 5, the first item is observed at T=0, then an {@code onComplete} notification
* arrives at T=10. If an observer subscribes at T=11, it will find an empty {@code ReplaySubject} with just
* an {@code onComplete} notification.
*
* @param
* the type of items observed and emitted by the Subject
* @param maxAge
* the maximum age of the contained items
* @param unit
* the time unit of {@code time}
* @param scheduler
* the {@link Scheduler} that provides the current time
* @return the created subject
*/
@CheckReturnValue
@NonNull
public static ReplaySubject createWithTime(long maxAge, TimeUnit unit, Scheduler scheduler) {
return new ReplaySubject(new SizeAndTimeBoundReplayBuffer(Integer.MAX_VALUE, maxAge, unit, scheduler));
}
/**
* Creates a time- and size-bounded replay subject.
*
* In this setting, the {@code ReplaySubject} internally tags each received item with a timestamp value
* supplied by the {@link Scheduler} and holds at most {@code size} items in its internal buffer. It evicts
* items from the start of the buffer if their age becomes less-than or equal to the supplied age in
* milliseconds or the buffer reaches its {@code size} limit.
*
* When observers subscribe to a terminated {@code ReplaySubject}, they observe the items that remained in
* the buffer after the terminal notification, regardless of their age, but at most {@code size} items.
*
* If an observer subscribes while the {@code ReplaySubject} is active, it will observe only those items
* from within the buffer that have age less than the specified time and each subsequent item, even if the
* buffer evicts items due to the time constraint in the mean time. In other words, once an observer
* subscribes, it observes items without gaps in the sequence except for the outdated items at the beginning
* of the sequence.
*
* Note that terminal notifications ({@code onError} and {@code onComplete}) trigger eviction as well. For
* example, with a max age of 5, the first item is observed at T=0, then an {@code onComplete} notification
* arrives at T=10. If an observer subscribes at T=11, it will find an empty {@code ReplaySubject} with just
* an {@code onComplete} notification.
*
* @param
* the type of items observed and emitted by the Subject
* @param maxAge
* the maximum age of the contained items
* @param unit
* the time unit of {@code time}
* @param maxSize
* the maximum number of buffered items
* @param scheduler
* the {@link Scheduler} that provides the current time
* @return the created subject
*/
@CheckReturnValue
@NonNull
public static ReplaySubject createWithTimeAndSize(long maxAge, TimeUnit unit, Scheduler scheduler, int maxSize) {
return new ReplaySubject(new SizeAndTimeBoundReplayBuffer(maxSize, maxAge, unit, scheduler));
}
/**
* Constructs a ReplayProcessor with the given custom ReplayBuffer instance.
* @param buffer the ReplayBuffer instance, not null (not verified)
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
ReplaySubject(ReplayBuffer buffer) {
this.buffer = buffer;
this.observers = new AtomicReference[]>(EMPTY);
}
@Override
protected void subscribeActual(Observer super T> observer) {
ReplayDisposable rs = new ReplayDisposable(observer, this);
observer.onSubscribe(rs);
if (!rs.cancelled) {
if (add(rs)) {
if (rs.cancelled) {
remove(rs);
return;
}
}
buffer.replay(rs);
}
}
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
if (done) {
d.dispose();
}
}
@Override
public void onNext(T t) {
ObjectHelper.requireNonNull(t, "onNext called with null. Null values are generally not allowed in 2.x operators and sources.");
if (done) {
return;
}
ReplayBuffer b = buffer;
b.add(t);
for (ReplayDisposable rs : observers.get()) {
b.replay(rs);
}
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable t) {
ObjectHelper.requireNonNull(t, "onError called with null. Null values are generally not allowed in 2.x operators and sources.");
if (done) {
RxJavaPlugins.onError(t);
return;
}
done = true;
Object o = NotificationLite.error(t);
ReplayBuffer b = buffer;
b.addFinal(o);
for (ReplayDisposable rs : terminate(o)) {
b.replay(rs);
}
}
@Override
public void onComplete() {
if (done) {
return;
}
done = true;
Object o = NotificationLite.complete();
ReplayBuffer b = buffer;
b.addFinal(o);
for (ReplayDisposable rs : terminate(o)) {
b.replay(rs);
}
}
@Override
public boolean hasObservers() {
return observers.get().length != 0;
}
/* test */ int observerCount() {
return observers.get().length;
}
@Override
@Nullable
public Throwable getThrowable() {
Object o = buffer.get();
if (NotificationLite.isError(o)) {
return NotificationLite.getError(o);
}
return null;
}
/**
* Returns a single value the Subject currently has or null if no such value exists.
* The method is thread-safe.
* @return a single value the Subject currently has or null if no such value exists
*/
@Nullable
public T getValue() {
return buffer.getValue();
}
/**
* Makes sure the item cached by the head node in a bounded
* ReplaySubject is released (as it is never part of a replay).
*
* By default, live bounded buffers will remember one item before
* the currently receivable one to ensure subscribers can always
* receive a continuous sequence of items. A terminated ReplaySubject
* automatically releases this inaccessible item.
*
* The method must be called sequentially, similar to the standard
* {@code onXXX} methods.
*
History: 2.1.11 - experimental
* @since 2.2
*/
public void cleanupBuffer() {
buffer.trimHead();
}
/** An empty array to avoid allocation in getValues(). */
private static final Object[] EMPTY_ARRAY = new Object[0];
/**
* Returns an Object array containing snapshot all values of the Subject.
*
The method is thread-safe.
* @return the array containing the snapshot of all values of the Subject
*/
public Object[] getValues() {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
T[] a = (T[])EMPTY_ARRAY;
T[] b = getValues(a);
if (b == EMPTY_ARRAY) {
return new Object[0];
}
return b;
}
/**
* Returns a typed array containing a snapshot of all values of the Subject.
*
The method follows the conventions of Collection.toArray by setting the array element
* after the last value to null (if the capacity permits).
*
The method is thread-safe.
* @param array the target array to copy values into if it fits
* @return the given array if the values fit into it or a new array containing all values
*/
public T[] getValues(T[] array) {
return buffer.getValues(array);
}
@Override
public boolean hasComplete() {
Object o = buffer.get();
return NotificationLite.isComplete(o);
}
@Override
public boolean hasThrowable() {
Object o = buffer.get();
return NotificationLite.isError(o);
}
/**
* Returns true if the subject has any value.
*
The method is thread-safe.
* @return true if the subject has any value
*/
public boolean hasValue() {
return buffer.size() != 0; // NOPMD
}
/* test*/ int size() {
return buffer.size();
}
boolean add(ReplayDisposable rs) {
for (;;) {
ReplayDisposable[] a = observers.get();
if (a == TERMINATED) {
return false;
}
int len = a.length;
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
ReplayDisposable[] b = new ReplayDisposable[len + 1];
System.arraycopy(a, 0, b, 0, len);
b[len] = rs;
if (observers.compareAndSet(a, b)) {
return true;
}
}
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
void remove(ReplayDisposable rs) {
for (;;) {
ReplayDisposable[] a = observers.get();
if (a == TERMINATED || a == EMPTY) {
return;
}
int len = a.length;
int j = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (a[i] == rs) {
j = i;
break;
}
}
if (j < 0) {
return;
}
ReplayDisposable[] b;
if (len == 1) {
b = EMPTY;
} else {
b = new ReplayDisposable[len - 1];
System.arraycopy(a, 0, b, 0, j);
System.arraycopy(a, j + 1, b, j, len - j - 1);
}
if (observers.compareAndSet(a, b)) {
return;
}
}
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
ReplayDisposable[] terminate(Object terminalValue) {
if (buffer.compareAndSet(null, terminalValue)) {
return observers.getAndSet(TERMINATED);
}
return TERMINATED;
}
/**
* Abstraction over a buffer that receives events and replays them to
* individual Observers.
*
* @param the value type
*/
interface ReplayBuffer {
void add(T value);
void addFinal(Object notificationLite);
void replay(ReplayDisposable rs);
int size();
@Nullable
T getValue();
T[] getValues(T[] array);
/**
* Returns the terminal NotificationLite object or null if not yet terminated.
* @return the terminal NotificationLite object or null if not yet terminated
*/
Object get();
/**
* Atomically compares and sets the next terminal NotificationLite object if the
* current equals to the expected NotificationLite object.
* @param expected the expected NotificationLite object
* @param next the next NotificationLite object
* @return true if successful
*/
boolean compareAndSet(Object expected, Object next);
/**
* Make sure an old inaccessible head value is released
* in a bounded buffer.
*/
void trimHead();
}
static final class ReplayDisposable extends AtomicInteger implements Disposable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 466549804534799122L;
final Observer super T> downstream;
final ReplaySubject state;
Object index;
volatile boolean cancelled;
ReplayDisposable(Observer super T> actual, ReplaySubject state) {
this.downstream = actual;
this.state = state;
}
@Override
public void dispose() {
if (!cancelled) {
cancelled = true;
state.remove(this);
}
}
@Override
public boolean isDisposed() {
return cancelled;
}
}
static final class UnboundedReplayBuffer
extends AtomicReference