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package org.abego.treelayout;

import static org.abego.treelayout.internal.util.Contract.checkArg;

import java.awt.geom.Point2D;
import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;

import org.abego.treelayout.Configuration.AlignmentInLevel;
import org.abego.treelayout.Configuration.Location;
import org.abego.treelayout.internal.util.java.lang.string.StringUtil;

/**
 * Implements the actual tree layout algorithm.
 * 

* The nodes with their final layout can be retrieved through * {@link #getNodeBounds()}. *

* See this summary to get an overview how to * use TreeLayout. * * * @author Udo Borkowski ([email protected]) * * @param */ public class TreeLayout { /* * Differences between this implementation and original algorithm * -------------------------------------------------------------- * * For easier reference the same names (or at least similar names) as in the * paper of Buchheim, Jünger, and Leipert are used in this * implementation. However in the external interface "first" and "last" are * used instead of "left most" and "right most". The implementation also * supports tree layouts with the root at the left (or right) side. In that * case using "left most" would refer to the "top" child, i.e. using "first" * is less confusing. * * Also the y coordinate is not the level but directly refers the y * coordinate of a level, taking node's height and gapBetweenLevels into * account. When the root is at the left or right side the y coordinate * actually becomes an x coordinate. * * Instead of just using a constant "distance" to calculate the position to * the next node we refer to the "size" (width or height) of the node and a * "gapBetweenNodes". */ // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ // tree private final TreeForTreeLayout tree; /** * Returns the Tree the layout is created for. */ public TreeForTreeLayout getTree() { return tree; } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ // nodeExtentProvider private final NodeExtentProvider nodeExtentProvider; /** * Returns the {@link NodeExtentProvider} used by this {@link TreeLayout}. */ public NodeExtentProvider getNodeExtentProvider() { return nodeExtentProvider; } private double getNodeHeight(TreeNode node) { return nodeExtentProvider.getHeight(node); } private double getNodeWidth(TreeNode node) { return nodeExtentProvider.getWidth(node); } private double getWidthOrHeightOfNode(TreeNode treeNode, boolean returnWidth) { return returnWidth ? getNodeWidth(treeNode) : getNodeHeight(treeNode); } /** * When the level changes in Y-axis (i.e. root location Top or Bottom) the * height of a node is its thickness, otherwise the node's width is its * thickness. *

* The thickness of a node is used when calculating the locations of the * levels. * * @param treeNode * @return */ private double getNodeThickness(TreeNode treeNode) { return getWidthOrHeightOfNode(treeNode, !isLevelChangeInYAxis()); } /** * When the level changes in Y-axis (i.e. root location Top or Bottom) the * width of a node is its size, otherwise the node's height is its size. *

* The size of a node is used when calculating the distance between two * nodes. * * @param treeNode * @return */ private double getNodeSize(TreeNode treeNode) { return getWidthOrHeightOfNode(treeNode, isLevelChangeInYAxis()); } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ // configuration private final Configuration configuration; /** * Returns the Configuration used by this {@link TreeLayout}. */ public Configuration getConfiguration() { return configuration; } private boolean isLevelChangeInYAxis() { Location rootLocation = configuration.getRootLocation(); return rootLocation == Location.Top || rootLocation == Location.Bottom; } private int getLevelChangeSign() { Location rootLocation = configuration.getRootLocation(); return rootLocation == Location.Bottom || rootLocation == Location.Right ? -1 : 1; } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ // bounds private double boundsLeft = Double.MAX_VALUE; private double boundsRight = Double.MIN_VALUE; private double boundsTop = Double.MAX_VALUE; private double boundsBottom = Double.MIN_VALUE; private void updateBounds(TreeNode node, double centerX, double centerY) { double width = getNodeWidth(node); double height = getNodeHeight(node); double left = centerX - width / 2; double right = centerX + width / 2; double top = centerY - height / 2; double bottom = centerY + height / 2; if (boundsLeft > left) { boundsLeft = left; } if (boundsRight < right) { boundsRight = right; } if (boundsTop > top) { boundsTop = top; } if (boundsBottom < bottom) { boundsBottom = bottom; } } /** * Returns the bounds of the tree layout. *

* The bounds of a TreeLayout is the smallest rectangle containing the * bounds of all nodes in the layout. It always starts at (0,0). * * @return the bounds of the tree layout */ public Rectangle2D getBounds() { return new Rectangle2D.Double(0, 0, boundsRight - boundsLeft, boundsBottom - boundsTop); } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ // size of level private final List sizeOfLevel = new ArrayList(); private void calcSizeOfLevels(TreeNode node, int level) { double oldSize; if (sizeOfLevel.size() <= level) { sizeOfLevel.add(Double.valueOf(0)); oldSize = 0; } else { oldSize = sizeOfLevel.get(level); } double size = getNodeThickness(node); // size = nodeExtentProvider.getHeight(node); if (oldSize < size) { sizeOfLevel.set(level, size); } if (!tree.isLeaf(node)) { for (TreeNode child : tree.getChildren(node)) { calcSizeOfLevels(child, level + 1); } } } /** * Returns the number of levels of the tree. * * @return [level > 0] */ public int getLevelCount() { return sizeOfLevel.size(); } /** * Returns the size of a level. *

* When the root is located at the top or bottom the size of a level is the * maximal height of the nodes of that level. When the root is located at * the left or right the size of a level is the maximal width of the nodes * of that level. * * @param level * @return the size of the level [level >= 0 && level < levelCount] */ public double getSizeOfLevel(int level) { checkArg(level >= 0, "level must be >= 0"); checkArg(level < getLevelCount(), "level must be < levelCount"); return sizeOfLevel.get(level); } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ // NormalizedPosition /** * The algorithm calculates the position starting with the root at 0. I.e. * the left children will get negative positions. However we want the result * to be normalized to (0,0). *

* {@link NormalizedPosition} will normalize the position (given relative to * the root position), taking the current bounds into account. This way the * left most node bounds will start at x = 0, the top most node bounds at y * = 0. */ private class NormalizedPosition extends Point2D { private double x_relativeToRoot; private double y_relativeToRoot; public NormalizedPosition(double x_relativeToRoot, double y_relativeToRoot) { setLocation(x_relativeToRoot, y_relativeToRoot); } @Override public double getX() { return x_relativeToRoot - boundsLeft; } @Override public double getY() { return y_relativeToRoot - boundsTop; } @Override // never called from outside public void setLocation(double x_relativeToRoot, double y_relativeToRoot) { this.x_relativeToRoot = x_relativeToRoot; this.y_relativeToRoot = y_relativeToRoot; } } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ // The Algorithm private final boolean useIdentity; private final Map mod; private final Map thread; private final Map prelim; private final Map change; private final Map shift; private final Map ancestor; private final Map number; private final Map positions; private double getMod(TreeNode node) { Double d = mod.get(node); return d != null ? d.doubleValue() : 0; } private void setMod(TreeNode node, double d) { mod.put(node, d); } private TreeNode getThread(TreeNode node) { TreeNode n = thread.get(node); return n != null ? n : null; } private void setThread(TreeNode node, TreeNode thread) { this.thread.put(node, thread); } private TreeNode getAncestor(TreeNode node) { TreeNode n = ancestor.get(node); return n != null ? n : node; } private void setAncestor(TreeNode node, TreeNode ancestor) { this.ancestor.put(node, ancestor); } private double getPrelim(TreeNode node) { Double d = prelim.get(node); return d != null ? d.doubleValue() : 0; } private void setPrelim(TreeNode node, double d) { prelim.put(node, d); } private double getChange(TreeNode node) { Double d = change.get(node); return d != null ? d.doubleValue() : 0; } private void setChange(TreeNode node, double d) { change.put(node, d); } private double getShift(TreeNode node) { Double d = shift.get(node); return d != null ? d.doubleValue() : 0; } private void setShift(TreeNode node, double d) { shift.put(node, d); } /** * The distance of two nodes is the distance of the centers of both noded. *

* I.e. the distance includes the gap between the nodes and half of the * sizes of the nodes. * * @param v * @param w * @return the distance between node v and w */ private double getDistance(TreeNode v, TreeNode w) { double sizeOfNodes = getNodeSize(v) + getNodeSize(w); double distance = sizeOfNodes / 2 + configuration.getGapBetweenNodes(v, w); return distance; } private TreeNode nextLeft(TreeNode v) { return tree.isLeaf(v) ? getThread(v) : tree.getFirstChild(v); } private TreeNode nextRight(TreeNode v) { return tree.isLeaf(v) ? getThread(v) : tree.getLastChild(v); } /** * * @param node * [tree.isChildOfParent(node, parentNode)] * @param parentNode * parent of node * @return */ private int getNumber(TreeNode node, TreeNode parentNode) { Integer n = number.get(node); if (n == null) { int i = 1; for (TreeNode child : tree.getChildren(parentNode)) { number.put(child, i++); } n = number.get(node); } return n.intValue(); } /** * * @param vIMinus * @param v * @param parentOfV * @param defaultAncestor * @return the greatest distinct ancestor of vIMinus and its right neighbor * v */ private TreeNode ancestor(TreeNode vIMinus, TreeNode v, TreeNode parentOfV, TreeNode defaultAncestor) { TreeNode ancestor = getAncestor(vIMinus); // when the ancestor of vIMinus is a sibling of v (i.e. has the same // parent as v) it is also the greatest distinct ancestor vIMinus and // v. Otherwise it is the defaultAncestor return tree.isChildOfParent(ancestor, parentOfV) ? ancestor : defaultAncestor; } private void moveSubtree(TreeNode wMinus, TreeNode wPlus, TreeNode parent, double shift) { int subtrees = getNumber(wPlus, parent) - getNumber(wMinus, parent); setChange(wPlus, getChange(wPlus) - shift / subtrees); setShift(wPlus, getShift(wPlus) + shift); setChange(wMinus, getChange(wMinus) + shift / subtrees); setPrelim(wPlus, getPrelim(wPlus) + shift); setMod(wPlus, getMod(wPlus) + shift); } /** * In difference to the original algorithm we also pass in the leftSibling * and the parent of v. *

* Why adding the parameter 'parent of v' (parentOfV) ? *

* In this method we need access to the parent of v. Not every tree * implementation may support efficient (i.e. constant time) access to it. * On the other hand the (only) caller of this method can provide this * information with only constant extra time. *

* Also we need access to the "left most sibling" of v. Not every tree * implementation may support efficient (i.e. constant time) access to it. * On the other hand the "left most sibling" of v is also the "first child" * of the parent of v. The first child of a parent node we can get in * constant time. As we got the parent of v we can so also get the * "left most sibling" of v in constant time. *

* Why adding the parameter 'leftSibling' ? *

* In this method we need access to the "left sibling" of v. Not every tree * implementation may support efficient (i.e. constant time) access to it. * However it is easy for the caller of this method to provide this * information with only constant extra time. *

*

*

* In addition these extra parameters avoid the need for * {@link TreeForTreeLayout} to include extra methods "getParent", * "getLeftSibling", or "getLeftMostSibling". This keeps the interface * {@link TreeForTreeLayout} small and avoids redundant implementations. * * @param v * @param defaultAncestor * @param leftSibling * [nullable] the left sibling v, if there is any * @param parentOfV * the parent of v * @return the (possibly changes) defaultAncestor */ private TreeNode apportion(TreeNode v, TreeNode defaultAncestor, TreeNode leftSibling, TreeNode parentOfV) { TreeNode w = leftSibling; if (w == null) { // v has no left sibling return defaultAncestor; } // v has left sibling w // The following variables "v..." are used to traverse the contours to // the subtrees. "Minus" refers to the left, "Plus" to the right // subtree. "I" refers to the "inside" and "O" to the outside contour. TreeNode vOPlus = v; TreeNode vIPlus = v; TreeNode vIMinus = w; // get leftmost sibling of vIPlus, i.e. get the leftmost sibling of // v, i.e. the leftmost child of the parent of v (which is passed // in) TreeNode vOMinus = tree.getFirstChild(parentOfV); Double sIPlus = getMod(vIPlus); Double sOPlus = getMod(vOPlus); Double sIMinus = getMod(vIMinus); Double sOMinus = getMod(vOMinus); TreeNode nextRightVIMinus = nextRight(vIMinus); TreeNode nextLeftVIPlus = nextLeft(vIPlus); while (nextRightVIMinus != null && nextLeftVIPlus != null) { vIMinus = nextRightVIMinus; vIPlus = nextLeftVIPlus; vOMinus = nextLeft(vOMinus); vOPlus = nextRight(vOPlus); setAncestor(vOPlus, v); double shift = (getPrelim(vIMinus) + sIMinus) - (getPrelim(vIPlus) + sIPlus) + getDistance(vIMinus, vIPlus); if (shift > 0) { moveSubtree(ancestor(vIMinus, v, parentOfV, defaultAncestor), v, parentOfV, shift); sIPlus = sIPlus + shift; sOPlus = sOPlus + shift; } sIMinus = sIMinus + getMod(vIMinus); sIPlus = sIPlus + getMod(vIPlus); sOMinus = sOMinus + getMod(vOMinus); sOPlus = sOPlus + getMod(vOPlus); nextRightVIMinus = nextRight(vIMinus); nextLeftVIPlus = nextLeft(vIPlus); } if (nextRightVIMinus != null && nextRight(vOPlus) == null) { setThread(vOPlus, nextRightVIMinus); setMod(vOPlus, getMod(vOPlus) + sIMinus - sOPlus); } if (nextLeftVIPlus != null && nextLeft(vOMinus) == null) { setThread(vOMinus, nextLeftVIPlus); setMod(vOMinus, getMod(vOMinus) + sIPlus - sOMinus); defaultAncestor = v; } return defaultAncestor; } /** * * @param v * [!tree.isLeaf(v)] */ private void executeShifts(TreeNode v) { double shift = 0; double change = 0; for (TreeNode w : tree.getChildrenReverse(v)) { change = change + getChange(w); setPrelim(w, getPrelim(w) + shift); setMod(w, getMod(w) + shift); shift = shift + getShift(w) + change; } } /** * In difference to the original algorithm we also pass in the leftSibling * (see {@link #apportion(Object, Object, Object, Object)} for a * motivation). * * @param v * @param leftSibling * [nullable] the left sibling v, if there is any */ private void firstWalk(TreeNode v, TreeNode leftSibling) { if (tree.isLeaf(v)) { // No need to set prelim(v) to 0 as the getter takes care of this. TreeNode w = leftSibling; if (w != null) { // v has left sibling setPrelim(v, getPrelim(w) + getDistance(v, w)); } } else { // v is not a leaf TreeNode defaultAncestor = tree.getFirstChild(v); TreeNode previousChild = null; for (TreeNode w : tree.getChildren(v)) { firstWalk(w, previousChild); defaultAncestor = apportion(w, defaultAncestor, previousChild, v); previousChild = w; } executeShifts(v); double midpoint = (getPrelim(tree.getFirstChild(v)) + getPrelim(tree .getLastChild(v))) / 2.0; TreeNode w = leftSibling; if (w != null) { // v has left sibling setPrelim(v, getPrelim(w) + getDistance(v, w)); setMod(v, getPrelim(v) - midpoint); } else { // v has no left sibling setPrelim(v, midpoint); } } } /** * In difference to the original algorithm we also pass in extra level * information. * * @param v * @param m * @param level * @param levelStart */ private void secondWalk(TreeNode v, double m, int level, double levelStart) { // construct the position from the prelim and the level information // The rootLocation affects the way how x and y are changed and in what // direction. double levelChangeSign = getLevelChangeSign(); boolean levelChangeOnYAxis = isLevelChangeInYAxis(); double levelSize = getSizeOfLevel(level); double x = getPrelim(v) + m; double y; AlignmentInLevel alignment = configuration.getAlignmentInLevel(); if (alignment == AlignmentInLevel.Center) { y = levelStart + levelChangeSign * (levelSize / 2); } else if (alignment == AlignmentInLevel.TowardsRoot) { y = levelStart + levelChangeSign * (getNodeThickness(v) / 2); } else { y = levelStart + levelSize - levelChangeSign * (getNodeThickness(v) / 2); } if (!levelChangeOnYAxis) { double t = x; x = y; y = t; } positions.put(v, new NormalizedPosition(x, y)); // update the bounds updateBounds(v, x, y); // recurse if (!tree.isLeaf(v)) { double nextLevelStart = levelStart + (levelSize + configuration.getGapBetweenLevels(level + 1)) * levelChangeSign; for (TreeNode w : tree.getChildren(v)) { secondWalk(w, m + getMod(v), level + 1, nextLevelStart); } } } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ // nodeBounds private Map nodeBounds; /** * Returns the layout of the tree nodes by mapping each node of the tree to * its bounds (position and size). *

* For each rectangle x and y will be >= 0. At least one rectangle will have * an x == 0 and at least one rectangle will have an y == 0. * * @return maps each node of the tree to its bounds (position and size). */ public Map getNodeBounds() { if (nodeBounds == null) { nodeBounds = this.useIdentity ? new IdentityHashMap() : new HashMap(); for (Entry entry : positions.entrySet()) { TreeNode node = entry.getKey(); Point2D pos = entry.getValue(); double w = getNodeWidth(node); double h = getNodeHeight(node); double x = pos.getX() - w / 2; double y = pos.getY() - h / 2; nodeBounds.put(node, new Rectangle2D.Double(x, y, w, h)); } } return nodeBounds; } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ // constructor /** * Creates a TreeLayout for a given tree. *

* In addition to the tree the {@link NodeExtentProvider} and the * {@link Configuration} must be given. * * @param useIdentity * [default: false] when true, identity ("==") is used instead of * equality ("equals(...)") when checking nodes. Within a tree * each node must only be once (using this check). */ public TreeLayout(TreeForTreeLayout tree, NodeExtentProvider nodeExtentProvider, Configuration configuration, boolean useIdentity) { this.tree = tree; this.nodeExtentProvider = nodeExtentProvider; this.configuration = configuration; this.useIdentity = useIdentity; if (this.useIdentity) { this.mod = new IdentityHashMap(); this.thread = new IdentityHashMap(); this.prelim = new IdentityHashMap(); this.change = new IdentityHashMap(); this.shift = new IdentityHashMap(); this.ancestor = new IdentityHashMap(); this.number = new IdentityHashMap(); this.positions = new IdentityHashMap(); } else { this.mod = new HashMap(); this.thread = new HashMap(); this.prelim = new HashMap(); this.change = new HashMap(); this.shift = new HashMap(); this.ancestor = new HashMap(); this.number = new HashMap(); this.positions = new HashMap(); } // No need to explicitly set mod, thread and ancestor as their getters // are taking care of the initial values. This avoids a full tree walk // through and saves some memory as no entries are added for // "initial values". TreeNode r = tree.getRoot(); firstWalk(r, null); calcSizeOfLevels(r, 0); secondWalk(r, -getPrelim(r), 0, 0); } public TreeLayout(TreeForTreeLayout tree, NodeExtentProvider nodeExtentProvider, Configuration configuration) { this(tree, nodeExtentProvider, configuration, false); } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ // checkTree private void addUniqueNodes(Map nodes, TreeNode newNode) { if (nodes.put(newNode,newNode) != null) { throw new RuntimeException(String.format( "Node used more than once in tree: %s", newNode)); } for (TreeNode n : tree.getChildren(newNode)) { addUniqueNodes(nodes,n); } } /** * Check if the tree is a "valid" tree. *

* Typically you will use this method during development when you get an * unexpected layout from your trees. *

* The following checks are performed: *

    *
  • Each node must only occur once in the tree.
  • *
*/ public void checkTree() { Map nodes = this.useIdentity ? new IdentityHashMap() :new HashMap(); // Traverse the tree and check if each node is only used once. addUniqueNodes(nodes,tree.getRoot()); } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ // dumpTree private void dumpTree(PrintStream output, TreeNode node, int indent, DumpConfiguration dumpConfiguration) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = 0; i < indent; i++) { sb.append(dumpConfiguration.indent); } if (dumpConfiguration.includeObjectToString) { sb.append("["); sb.append(node.getClass().getName() + "@" + Integer.toHexString(node.hashCode())); if (node.hashCode() != System.identityHashCode(node)) { sb.append("/identityHashCode:"); sb.append(Integer.toHexString(System.identityHashCode(node))); } sb.append("]"); } sb.append(StringUtil.quote(node != null ? node.toString() : null)); if (dumpConfiguration.includeNodeSize) { sb.append(" (size: "); sb.append(getNodeWidth(node)); sb.append("x"); sb.append(getNodeHeight(node)); sb.append(")"); } output.println(sb.toString()); for (TreeNode n : tree.getChildren(node)) { dumpTree(output, n, indent + 1, dumpConfiguration); } } public static class DumpConfiguration { /** * The text used to indent the output per level. */ public final String indent; /** * When true the dump also includes the size of each node, otherwise * not. */ public final boolean includeNodeSize; /** * When true, the text as returned by {@link Object#toString()}, is * included in the dump, in addition to the text returned by the * possibly overridden toString method of the node. When the hashCode * method is overridden the output will also include the * "identityHashCode". */ public final boolean includeObjectToString; /** * * @param indent [default: " "] * @param includeNodeSize [default: false] * @param includePointer [default: false] */ public DumpConfiguration(String indent, boolean includeNodeSize, boolean includePointer) { this.indent = indent; this.includeNodeSize = includeNodeSize; this.includeObjectToString = includePointer; } public DumpConfiguration() { this(" ",false,false); } } /** * Prints a dump of the tree to the given printStream, using the node's * "toString" method. * * @param printStream * @param dumpConfiguration * [default: new DumpConfiguration()] */ public void dumpTree(PrintStream printStream, DumpConfiguration dumpConfiguration) { dumpTree(printStream,tree.getRoot(),0, dumpConfiguration); } public void dumpTree(PrintStream printStream) { dumpTree(printStream,new DumpConfiguration()); } }




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