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/*======================================================================*
* Copyright (c) 2011, OpenX Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. *
* *
* Licensed under the New BSD License (the "License"); you may not use *
* this file except in compliance with the License. Unless required *
* by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed *
* under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT *
* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. *
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and *
* limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file. *
*======================================================================*/
package org.openx.data.jsonserde;
import io.starburst.openjson.JSONArray;
import io.starburst.openjson.JSONException;
import io.starburst.openjson.JSONObject;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde.serdeConstants;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.AbstractSerDe;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.SerDeException;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.SerDeStats;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.ListObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.MapObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.ObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.ObjectInspector.Category;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.PrimitiveObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.StructField;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.StructObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.UnionObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.primitive.BooleanObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.primitive.ByteObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.primitive.DoubleObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.primitive.FloatObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.primitive.IntObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.primitive.LongObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.primitive.ShortObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.primitive.StringObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.primitive.TimestampObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.typeinfo.StructTypeInfo;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.typeinfo.TypeInfo;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.typeinfo.TypeInfoFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.typeinfo.TypeInfoUtils;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;
import org.openx.data.jsonserde.objectinspector.JsonObjectInspectorFactory;
import org.openx.data.jsonserde.objectinspector.JsonStructOIOptions;
import org.openx.data.jsonserde.objectinspector.primitive.ParsePrimitiveUtils;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* Properties:
* ignore.malformed.json = true/false : malformed json will be ignored
* instead of throwing an exception
*
* @author rcongiu
*/
public class JsonSerDe extends AbstractSerDe {
public static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(JsonSerDe.class);
private List columnNames;
private List columnTypes;
private StructTypeInfo rowTypeInfo;
private StructObjectInspector rowObjectInspector;
private boolean[] columnSortOrderIsDesc;
private SerDeStats stats;
private boolean lastOperationSerialize;
private long deserializedDataSize;
private long serializedDataSize;
// if set, will ignore malformed JSON in deserialization
private boolean ignoreMalformedJson = false;
private boolean explicitNull = false;
private boolean isCaseInsensitive = true;
// properties used in configuration
public static final String PROP_IGNORE_MALFORMED_JSON = "ignore.malformed.json";
public static final String PROP_DOTS_IN_KEYS = "dots.in.keys";
public static final String PROP_CASE_INSENSITIVE ="case.insensitive" ;
public static final String PROP_EXPLICIT_NULL ="explicit.null" ;
public static final String PROP_TIMESTAMP_FORMATS = "timestamp.formats";
JsonStructOIOptions options;
/**
* Initializes the SerDe.
* Gets the list of columns and their types from the table properties.
* Will use them to look into/create JSON data.
*
* @param conf Hadoop configuration object
* @param tbl Table Properties
* @throws SerDeException
*/
@Override
public void initialize(Configuration conf, Properties tbl) throws SerDeException {
LOG.debug("Initializing SerDe");
// Get column names and sort order
String columnNameProperty = tbl.getProperty(serdeConstants.LIST_COLUMNS);
String columnTypeProperty = tbl.getProperty(serdeConstants.LIST_COLUMN_TYPES);
LOG.debug("columns " + columnNameProperty + " types " + columnTypeProperty);
// all table column names
if (columnNameProperty.length() == 0) {
columnNames = new ArrayList();
} else {
columnNames = Arrays.asList(columnNameProperty.split(","));
}
// all column types
if (columnTypeProperty.length() == 0) {
columnTypes = new ArrayList();
} else {
columnTypes = TypeInfoUtils.getTypeInfosFromTypeString(columnTypeProperty);
}
assert columnNames.size() == columnTypes.size();
stats = new SerDeStats();
// Create row related objects
rowTypeInfo = (StructTypeInfo) TypeInfoFactory
.getStructTypeInfo(columnNames, columnTypes);
// build options
isCaseInsensitive = Boolean.parseBoolean(tbl.getProperty(PROP_CASE_INSENSITIVE, "true"));
options = new JsonStructOIOptions(getMappings(tbl, isCaseInsensitive));
options.setCaseInsensitive(isCaseInsensitive);
// Get the sort order
String columnSortOrder = tbl.getProperty(serdeConstants.SERIALIZATION_SORT_ORDER);
columnSortOrderIsDesc = new boolean[columnNames.size()];
for (int i = 0; i < columnSortOrderIsDesc.length; i++) {
columnSortOrderIsDesc[i] = columnSortOrder != null &&
columnSortOrder.charAt(i) == '-';
}
// dots in key names. Substitute with underscores
options.setDotsInKeyNames(Boolean.parseBoolean(tbl.getProperty(PROP_DOTS_IN_KEYS,"false")));
options.setTimestampFormats(tbl.getProperty(PROP_TIMESTAMP_FORMATS));
rowObjectInspector = (StructObjectInspector) JsonObjectInspectorFactory
.getJsonObjectInspectorFromTypeInfo(rowTypeInfo, options);
// other configuration
ignoreMalformedJson = Boolean.parseBoolean(tbl
.getProperty(PROP_IGNORE_MALFORMED_JSON, "false"));
explicitNull = Boolean.parseBoolean(tbl
.getProperty(PROP_EXPLICIT_NULL, "false"));
}
/**
* Deserializes the object. Reads a Writable and uses JSONObject to
* parse its text
*
* @param w the text to parse
* @return a JSONObject
* @throws SerDeException
*/
@Override
public Object deserialize(Writable w) throws SerDeException {
Text rowText = (Text) w;
deserializedDataSize = rowText.getBytes().length;
// Try parsing row into JSON object
Object jObj = null;
try {
String txt = rowText.toString().trim();
if(txt.startsWith("{")) {
jObj = new JSONObject(isCaseInsensitive, txt);
} else if (txt.startsWith("[")){
jObj = new JSONArray(isCaseInsensitive, txt);
}
} catch (JSONException e) {
// If row is not a JSON object, make the whole row NULL
onMalformedJson("Row is not a valid JSON Object - JSONException: "
+ e.getMessage());
try {
jObj = new JSONObject(isCaseInsensitive, "{}");
} catch (JSONException ex) {
onMalformedJson("Error parsing empty row. This should never happen.");
}
}
return jObj;
}
@Override
public ObjectInspector getObjectInspector() throws SerDeException {
return rowObjectInspector;
}
/**
* We serialize to Text
* @return
*
* @see org.apache.hadoop.io.Text
*/
@Override
public Class getSerializedClass() {
return Text.class;
}
/**
* Hive will call this to serialize an object. Returns a writable object
* of the same class returned by getSerializedClass
*
* @param obj The object to serialize
* @param objInspector The ObjectInspector that knows about the object's structure
* @return a serialized object in form of a Writable. Must be the
* same type returned by getSerializedClass
* @throws SerDeException
*/
@Override
public Writable serialize(Object obj, ObjectInspector objInspector) throws SerDeException {
// make sure it is a struct record
if (objInspector.getCategory() != Category.STRUCT) {
throw new SerDeException(getClass().toString()
+ " can only serialize struct types, but we got: "
+ objInspector.getTypeName());
}
JSONObject serializer =
serializeStruct( obj, (StructObjectInspector) objInspector, columnNames);
Text t = new Text(serializer.toString());
serializedDataSize = t.getBytes().length;
return t;
}
private String getSerializedFieldName( List columnNames, int pos, StructField sf) {
String n = columnNames==null? sf.getFieldName(): columnNames.get(pos);
if(options.getMappings().containsKey(n)) {
return options.getMappings().get(n);
} else {
return n;
}
}
/**
* Serializing means getting every field, and setting the appropriate
* JSONObject field. Actual serialization is done at the end when
* the whole JSON object is built
*/
private JSONObject serializeStruct( Object obj,
StructObjectInspector soi, List columnNames) {
// do nothing for null struct
if (null == obj) {
return null;
}
JSONObject result = new JSONObject(isCaseInsensitive);
List fields = soi.getAllStructFieldRefs();
for (int i =0; i< fields.size(); i++) {
StructField sf = fields.get(i);
Object data = soi.getStructFieldData(obj, sf);
try {
if (null != data) {
// we want to serialize columns with their proper HIVE name,
// not the _col2 kind of name usually generated upstream
result.put(
getSerializedFieldName(columnNames, i, sf),
serializeField(
data,
sf.getFieldObjectInspector()));
} else if (explicitNull) {
result.putNull(getSerializedFieldName(columnNames, i, sf));
}
} catch (JSONException ex) {
LOG.warn("Problem serializing", ex);
throw new RuntimeException(ex);
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* Serializes a field. Since we have nested structures, it may be called
* recursively for instance when defining a list>
*
* @param obj Object holding the fields' content
* @param oi The field's objec inspector
* @return the serialized object
*/
public Object serializeField(Object obj,
ObjectInspector oi ){
if(obj == null) {return null;}
Object result = null;
switch(oi.getCategory()) {
case PRIMITIVE:
PrimitiveObjectInspector poi = (PrimitiveObjectInspector)oi;
switch(poi.getPrimitiveCategory()) {
case VOID:
result = null;
break;
case BOOLEAN:
result = ((BooleanObjectInspector)poi).get(obj)?
Boolean.TRUE:
Boolean.FALSE;
break;
case BYTE:
result = ((ByteObjectInspector)poi).get(obj);
break;
case DOUBLE:
result = ((DoubleObjectInspector)poi).get(obj);
break;
case FLOAT:
result = ((FloatObjectInspector)poi).get(obj);
break;
case INT:
result = ((IntObjectInspector)poi).get(obj);
break;
case LONG:
result = ((LongObjectInspector)poi).get(obj);
break;
case SHORT:
result = ((ShortObjectInspector)poi).get(obj);
break;
case STRING:
result = ((StringObjectInspector)poi).getPrimitiveJavaObject(obj);
break;
case TIMESTAMP:
result = ParsePrimitiveUtils.serializeAsUTC(((TimestampObjectInspector)poi).getPrimitiveJavaObject(obj));
break;
case UNKNOWN:
throw new RuntimeException("Unknown primitive");
default:
break;
}
break;
case MAP:
result = serializeMap(obj, (MapObjectInspector) oi);
break;
case LIST:
result = serializeList(obj, (ListObjectInspector)oi);
break;
case STRUCT:
result = serializeStruct(obj, (StructObjectInspector)oi, null);
break;
case UNION:
result = serializeUnion(obj, (UnionObjectInspector)oi);
default:
break;
}
return result;
}
/**
* Serializes a Hive List using a JSONArray
*
* @param obj the object to serialize
* @param loi the object's inspector
* @return
*/
private JSONArray serializeList(Object obj, ListObjectInspector loi) {
// could be an array of whatever!
// we do it in reverse order since the JSONArray is grown on demand,
// as higher indexes are added.
if(obj==null) { return null; }
JSONArray ar = new JSONArray(isCaseInsensitive);
for(int i=loi.getListLength(obj)-1; i>=0; i--) {
Object element = loi.getListElement(obj, i);
try {
ar.put(i, serializeField(element, loi.getListElementObjectInspector() ) );
} catch (JSONException ex) {
LOG.warn("Problem serializing array", ex);
throw new RuntimeException(ex);
}
}
return ar;
}
/**
* Serializes a Union
*/
private Object serializeUnion(Object obj, UnionObjectInspector oi) {
if(obj == null) return null;
return serializeField(obj, oi.getObjectInspectors().get(oi.getTag(obj)));
}
/**
* Serializes a Hive map<> using a JSONObject.
*
* @param obj the object to serialize
* @param moi the object's inspector
* @return
*/
private JSONObject serializeMap(Object obj, MapObjectInspector moi) {
if (obj==null) { return null; }
JSONObject jo = new JSONObject(isCaseInsensitive);
Map m = moi.getMap(obj);
for(Object k : m.keySet()) {
try {
jo.put(
serializeField(k, moi.getMapKeyObjectInspector()).toString(),
serializeField(m.get(k), moi.getMapValueObjectInspector()) );
} catch (JSONException ex) {
LOG.warn("Problem serializing map");
}
}
return jo;
}
public void onMalformedJson(String msg) throws SerDeException {
if(ignoreMalformedJson) {
LOG.warn("Ignoring malformed JSON: " + msg);
} else {
throw new SerDeException(msg);
}
}
@Override
public SerDeStats getSerDeStats() {
if(lastOperationSerialize) {
stats.setRawDataSize(serializedDataSize);
} else {
stats.setRawDataSize(deserializedDataSize);
}
return stats;
}
public static final String PFX = "mapping.";
/**
* Builds mappings between hive columns and json attributes
*
* @param tbl
* @return
*/
private Map getMappings(Properties tbl, boolean isCaseInsensitive) {
int n = PFX.length();
Map mps = new HashMap();
for(Object o: tbl.keySet()) {
if( ! (o instanceof String)) { continue ; }
String s = (String) o;
if(s.startsWith(PFX) ) {
String fieldTo = tbl.getProperty(s);
mps.put(s.substring(n), (isCaseInsensitive ? fieldTo.toLowerCase(): fieldTo));
}
}
return mps;
}
}
