jakarta.servlet.jsp.JspWriter Maven / Gradle / Ivy
/*
* Copyright (c) 1997, 2020 Oracle and/or its affiliates and others.
* All rights reserved.
* Copyright 2004 The Apache Software Foundation
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package jakarta.servlet.jsp;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
*
* The actions and template data in a JSP page is written using the JspWriter object that is referenced by the implicit
* variable out which is initialized automatically using methods in the PageContext object.
*
* This abstract class emulates some of the functionality found in the java.io.BufferedWriter and java.io.PrintWriter
* classes, however it differs in that it throws java.io.IOException from the print methods while PrintWriter does not.
*
* Buffering
*
* The initial JspWriter object is associated with the PrintWriter object of the ServletResponse in a way that depends
* on whether the page is or is not buffered. If the page is not buffered, output written to this JspWriter object will
* be written through to the PrintWriter directly, which will be created if necessary by invoking the getWriter() method
* on the response object. But if the page is buffered, the PrintWriter object will not be created until the buffer is
* flushed and operations like setContentType() are legal. Since this flexibility simplifies programming substantially,
* buffering is the default for JSP pages.
*
* Buffering raises the issue of what to do when the buffer is exceeded. Two approaches can be taken:
*
* - Exceeding the buffer is not a fatal error; when the buffer is exceeded, just flush the output.
*
- Exceeding the buffer is a fatal error; when the buffer is exceeded, raise an exception.
*
*
* Both approaches are valid, and thus both are supported in the JSP technology. The behavior of a page is controlled by
* the autoFlush attribute, which defaults to true. In general, JSP pages that need to be sure that correct and complete
* data has been sent to their client may want to set autoFlush to false, with a typical case being that where the
* client is an application itself. On the other hand, JSP pages that send data that is meaningful even when partially
* constructed may want to set autoFlush to true; such as when the data is sent for immediate display through a browser.
* Each application will need to consider their specific needs.
*
* An alternative considered was to make the buffer size unbounded; but, this had the disadvantage that runaway
* computations would consume an unbounded amount of resources.
*
* The "out" implicit variable of a JSP implementation class is of this type. If the page directive selects
* autoflush="true" then all the I/O operations on this class shall automatically flush the contents of the buffer if an
* overflow condition would result if the current operation were performed without a flush. If autoflush="false" then
* all the I/O operations on this class shall throw an IOException if performing the current operation would result in a
* buffer overflow condition.
*
* @see java.io.Writer
* @see java.io.BufferedWriter
* @see java.io.PrintWriter
*/
abstract public class JspWriter extends java.io.Writer {
/**
* Constant indicating that the Writer is not buffering output.
*/
public static final int NO_BUFFER = 0;
/**
* Constant indicating that the Writer is buffered and is using the implementation default buffer size.
*/
public static final int DEFAULT_BUFFER = -1;
/**
* Constant indicating that the Writer is buffered and is unbounded; this is used in BodyContent.
*/
public static final int UNBOUNDED_BUFFER = -2;
/**
* Protected constructor.
*
* @param bufferSize the size of the buffer to be used by the JspWriter
* @param autoFlush whether the JspWriter should be autoflushing
*/
protected JspWriter(int bufferSize, boolean autoFlush) {
this.bufferSize = bufferSize;
this.autoFlush = autoFlush;
}
/**
* Write a line separator. The line separator string is defined by the system property line.separator, and
* is not necessarily a single newline ('\n') character.
*
* @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs
*/
abstract public void newLine() throws IOException;
/**
* Print a boolean value. The string produced by {@link
* java.lang.String#valueOf(boolean)} is written to the JspWriter's buffer or, if no buffer is used, directly
* to the underlying writer.
*
* @param b The boolean to be printed
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void print(boolean b) throws IOException;
/**
* Print a character. The character is written to the JspWriter's buffer or, if no buffer is used, directly to the
* underlying writer.
*
* @param c The char to be printed
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void print(char c) throws IOException;
/**
* Print an integer. The string produced by {@link
* java.lang.String#valueOf(int)} is written to the JspWriter's buffer or, if no buffer is used, directly to
* the underlying writer.
*
* @param i The int to be printed
* @see java.lang.Integer#toString(int)
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void print(int i) throws IOException;
/**
* Print a long integer. The string produced by {@link
* java.lang.String#valueOf(long)} is written to the JspWriter's buffer or, if no buffer is used, directly to
* the underlying writer.
*
* @param l The long to be printed
* @see java.lang.Long#toString(long)
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void print(long l) throws IOException;
/**
* Print a floating-point number. The string produced by {@link
* java.lang.String#valueOf(float)} is written to the JspWriter's buffer or, if no buffer is used, directly
* to the underlying writer.
*
* @param f The float to be printed
* @see java.lang.Float#toString(float)
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void print(float f) throws IOException;
/**
* Print a double-precision floating-point number. The string produced by
* {@link java.lang.String#valueOf(double)} is written to the JspWriter's buffer or, if no buffer is
* used, directly to the underlying writer.
*
* @param d The double to be printed
* @see java.lang.Double#toString(double)
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void print(double d) throws IOException;
/**
* Print an array of characters. The characters are written to the JspWriter's buffer or, if no buffer is used,
* directly to the underlying writer.
*
* @param s The array of chars to be printed
*
* @throws NullPointerException If s is null
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void print(char s[]) throws IOException;
/**
* Print a string. If the argument is null then the string "null" is printed. Otherwise,
* the string's characters are written to the JspWriter's buffer or, if no buffer is used, directly to the
* underlying writer.
*
* @param s The String to be printed
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void print(String s) throws IOException;
/**
* Print an object. The string produced by the {@link
* java.lang.String#valueOf(Object)} method is written to the JspWriter's buffer or, if no buffer is used,
* directly to the underlying writer.
*
* @param obj The Object to be printed
* @see java.lang.Object#toString()
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void print(Object obj) throws IOException;
/**
* Terminate the current line by writing the line separator string. The line separator string is defined by the
* system property line.separator, and is not necessarily a single newline character
* ('\n').
*
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void println() throws IOException;
/**
* Print a boolean value and then terminate the line. This method behaves as though it invokes
* {@link #print(boolean)} and then {@link #println()}.
*
* @param x the boolean to write
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void println(boolean x) throws IOException;
/**
* Print a character and then terminate the line. This method behaves as though it invokes
* {@link #print(char)} and then {@link
* #println()}.
*
* @param x the char to write
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void println(char x) throws IOException;
/**
* Print an integer and then terminate the line. This method behaves as though it invokes
* {@link #print(int)} and then {@link
* #println()}.
*
* @param x the int to write
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void println(int x) throws IOException;
/**
* Print a long integer and then terminate the line. This method behaves as though it invokes
* {@link #print(long)} and then {@link #println()}.
*
* @param x the long to write
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void println(long x) throws IOException;
/**
* Print a floating-point number and then terminate the line. This method behaves as though it invokes
* {@link #print(float)} and then {@link #println()}.
*
* @param x the float to write
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void println(float x) throws IOException;
/**
* Print a double-precision floating-point number and then terminate the line. This method behaves as though it
* invokes {@link
* #print(double)} and then {@link #println()}.
*
* @param x the double to write
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void println(double x) throws IOException;
/**
* Print an array of characters and then terminate the line. This method behaves as though it invokes
* print(char[]) and then println().
*
* @param x the char[] to write
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void println(char x[]) throws IOException;
/**
* Print a String and then terminate the line. This method behaves as though it invokes
* {@link #print(String)} and then {@link #println()}.
*
* @param x the String to write
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void println(String x) throws IOException;
/**
* Print an Object and then terminate the line. This method behaves as though it invokes
* {@link #print(Object)} and then {@link #println()}.
*
* @param x the Object to write
* @throws java.io.IOException If an error occured while writing
*/
abstract public void println(Object x) throws IOException;
/**
* Clear the contents of the buffer. If the buffer has been already been flushed then the clear operation shall
* throw an IOException to signal the fact that some data has already been irrevocably written to the client
* response stream.
*
* @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs
*/
abstract public void clear() throws IOException;
/**
* Clears the current contents of the buffer. Unlike clear(), this method will not throw an IOException if the
* buffer has already been flushed. It merely clears the current content of the buffer and returns.
*
* @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs
*/
abstract public void clearBuffer() throws IOException;
/**
* Flush the stream. If the stream has saved any characters from the various write() methods in a buffer, write them
* immediately to their intended destination. Then, if that destination is another character or byte stream, flush
* it. Thus one flush() invocation will flush all the buffers in a chain of Writers and OutputStreams.
*
* The method may be invoked indirectly if the buffer size is exceeded.
*
* Once a stream has been closed, further write() or flush() invocations will cause an IOException to be thrown.
*
* @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs
*/
@Override
abstract public void flush() throws IOException;
/**
* Close the stream, flushing it first.
*
* This method needs not be invoked explicitly for the initial JspWriter as the code generated by the JSP container
* will automatically include a call to close().
*
* Closing a previously-closed stream, unlike flush(), has no effect.
*
* @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs
*/
@Override
abstract public void close() throws IOException;
/**
* This method returns the size of the buffer used by the JspWriter.
*
* @return the size of the buffer in bytes, or 0 is unbuffered.
*/
public int getBufferSize() {
return bufferSize;
}
/**
* This method returns the number of unused bytes in the buffer.
*
* @return the number of bytes unused in the buffer
*/
abstract public int getRemaining();
/**
* This method indicates whether the JspWriter is autoFlushing.
*
* @return if this JspWriter is auto flushing or throwing IOExceptions on buffer overflow conditions
*/
public boolean isAutoFlush() {
return autoFlush;
}
/*
* fields
*/
/**
* The size of the buffer used by the JspWriter.
*/
protected int bufferSize;
/**
* Whether the JspWriter is autoflushing.
*/
protected boolean autoFlush;
}