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JUnit is a regression testing framework written by Erich Gamma and Kent Beck. It is used by the developer who implements unit tests in Java.
package junit.framework;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
/**
* A test case defines the fixture to run multiple tests. To define a test case
*
* - implement a subclass of
TestCase
* - define instance variables that store the state of the fixture
* - initialize the fixture state by overriding {@link #setUp()}
* - clean-up after a test by overriding {@link #tearDown()}.
*
* Each test runs in its own fixture so there
* can be no side effects among test runs.
* Here is an example:
*
* public class MathTest extends TestCase {
* protected double fValue1;
* protected double fValue2;
*
* protected void setUp() {
* fValue1= 2.0;
* fValue2= 3.0;
* }
* }
*
*
* For each test implement a method which interacts
* with the fixture. Verify the expected results with assertions specified
* by calling {@link junit.framework.Assert#assertTrue(String, boolean)} with a boolean.
*
* public void testAdd() {
* double result= fValue1 + fValue2;
* assertTrue(result == 5.0);
* }
*
*
* Once the methods are defined you can run them. The framework supports
* both a static type safe and more dynamic way to run a test.
* In the static way you override the runTest method and define the method to
* be invoked. A convenient way to do so is with an anonymous inner class.
*
* TestCase test= new MathTest("add") {
* public void runTest() {
* testAdd();
* }
* };
* test.run();
*
*
* The dynamic way uses reflection to implement {@link #runTest()}. It dynamically finds
* and invokes a method.
* In this case the name of the test case has to correspond to the test method
* to be run.
*
* TestCase test= new MathTest("testAdd");
* test.run();
*
*
* The tests to be run can be collected into a TestSuite. JUnit provides
* different test runners which can run a test suite and collect the results.
* A test runner either expects a static method suite as the entry
* point to get a test to run or it will extract the suite automatically.
*
* public static Test suite() {
* suite.addTest(new MathTest("testAdd"));
* suite.addTest(new MathTest("testDivideByZero"));
* return suite;
* }
*
* @see TestResult
* @see TestSuite
*/
public abstract class TestCase extends Assert implements Test {
/**
* the name of the test case
*/
private String fName;
/**
* No-arg constructor to enable serialization. This method
* is not intended to be used by mere mortals without calling setName().
*/
public TestCase() {
fName= null;
}
/**
* Constructs a test case with the given name.
*/
public TestCase(String name) {
fName= name;
}
/**
* Counts the number of test cases executed by run(TestResult result).
*/
public int countTestCases() {
return 1;
}
/**
* Creates a default TestResult object
*
* @see TestResult
*/
protected TestResult createResult() {
return new TestResult();
}
/**
* A convenience method to run this test, collecting the results with a
* default TestResult object.
*
* @see TestResult
*/
public TestResult run() {
TestResult result= createResult();
run(result);
return result;
}
/**
* Runs the test case and collects the results in TestResult.
*/
public void run(TestResult result) {
result.run(this);
}
/**
* Runs the bare test sequence.
* @throws Throwable if any exception is thrown
*/
public void runBare() throws Throwable {
Throwable exception= null;
setUp();
try {
runTest();
} catch (Throwable running) {
exception= running;
}
finally {
try {
tearDown();
} catch (Throwable tearingDown) {
if (exception == null) exception= tearingDown;
}
}
if (exception != null) throw exception;
}
/**
* Override to run the test and assert its state.
* @throws Throwable if any exception is thrown
*/
protected void runTest() throws Throwable {
assertNotNull("TestCase.fName cannot be null", fName); // Some VMs crash when calling getMethod(null,null);
Method runMethod= null;
try {
// use getMethod to get all public inherited
// methods. getDeclaredMethods returns all
// methods of this class but excludes the
// inherited ones.
runMethod= getClass().getMethod(fName, (Class[])null);
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
fail("Method \""+fName+"\" not found");
}
if (!Modifier.isPublic(runMethod.getModifiers())) {
fail("Method \""+fName+"\" should be public");
}
try {
runMethod.invoke(this);
}
catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.fillInStackTrace();
throw e.getTargetException();
}
catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.fillInStackTrace();
throw e;
}
}
/**
* Sets up the fixture, for example, open a network connection.
* This method is called before a test is executed.
*/
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
}
/**
* Tears down the fixture, for example, close a network connection.
* This method is called after a test is executed.
*/
protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
}
/**
* Returns a string representation of the test case
*/
@Override
public String toString() {
return getName() + "(" + getClass().getName() + ")";
}
/**
* Gets the name of a TestCase
* @return the name of the TestCase
*/
public String getName() {
return fName;
}
/**
* Sets the name of a TestCase
* @param name the name to set
*/
public void setName(String name) {
fName= name;
}
}