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Implements the API for accessing the federated virtual file system space. This reference implementation can get overridden by providing another file system manager factory implementation with a higher priority on the class path.

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/*
 * Copyright (C) 2005-2012 Schlichtherle IT Services.
 * All rights reserved. Use is subject to license terms.
 */
package net.java.truevfs.kernel.impl

import net.java.truecommons.io._
import net.java.truecommons.logging._
import net.java.truecommons.shed._
import java.io._
import java.nio.channels._
import javax.annotation.concurrent._
import net.java.truevfs.kernel.spec._
import net.java.truevfs.kernel.spec.FsAccessOption._
import net.java.truevfs.kernel.spec.FsSyncOption._
import net.java.truevfs.kernel.spec.FsSyncOptions._
import net.java.truevfs.kernel.spec.cio._
import net.java.truevfs.kernel.spec.cio.Entry._;
import net.java.truevfs.kernel.spec.cio.Entry.Type._;

/** A selective cache for file system entries.
  * Decorating a file system controller with this class has the following
  * effects:
  * 
  * - Caching and buffering for an entry needs to get activated by using the
  *   methods `input` or `output` with the access option
  *   [[net.java.truevfs.kernel.impl.FsAccessOption.CACHE]].
  * - Unless a write operation succeeds, upon each read operation the entry
  *   data gets copied from the backing store for buffering purposes only.
  * - Upon a successful write operation, the entry data gets cached for
  *   subsequent read operations until the file system gets `sync`ed again.
  * - Entry data written to the cache is not written to the backing store
  *   until the file system gets `sync`ed - this is a ''write back'' strategy.
  * - As a side effect, caching decouples the underlying storage from its
  *   clients, allowing it to create, read, update or delete the entry data
  *   while some clients are still busy on reading or writing the copied
  *   entry data.
  * 
  * '''TO THE FUTURE ME:'''
  * FOR TRUEZIP 7.5, IT TOOK ME TWO MONTHS OF CONSECUTIVE CODING, TESTING,
  * DEBUGGING, ANALYSIS AND SWEATING TO GET THIS DAMN BEAST WORKING STRAIGHT!
  * DON'T EVEN THINK YOU COULD CHANGE A SINGLE CHARACTER IN THIS CODE AND
  * EASILY GET AWAY WITH IT!
  * '''YOU HAVE BEEN WARNED!'''
  * 
  * Well, if you really feel like changing something, run the integration test
  * suite at least ten times to make sure your changes really work - I mean it!
  * 
  * @author Christian Schlichtherle
  */
@NotThreadSafe
private trait CacheController extends Controller[LockModel] {
  this: LockModelAspect =>

  import CacheController._

  protected def pool: IoBufferPool

  private[this] val caches = new java.util.HashMap[FsNodeName, EntryCache]

  abstract override def input(options: AccessOptions, name: FsNodeName) = {
    /** This class requires ON-DEMAND LOOKUP of its delegate socket! */
    class Input extends DelegatingInputSocket[Entry] {
      override def socket(): AnyInputSocket = {
        assert(writeLockedByCurrentThread)
        var cache = caches get name
        if (null eq cache) {
            if (!(options get CACHE))
              return CacheController.super.input(options, name)
          cache = new EntryCache(name)
        }
        cache input options
      }
    }
    new Input
  }: AnyInputSocket

  abstract override def output(options: AccessOptions, name: FsNodeName, template: Option[Entry]) = {
    /** This class requires ON-DEMAND LOOKUP of its delegate socket! */
    class Output extends DelegatingOutputSocket[Entry] {
      override def socket(): AnyOutputSocket = {
        assert(writeLockedByCurrentThread)
        var cache = caches get name
        if (null eq cache) {
            if (!(options get CACHE))
              return CacheController.super.output(options, name, template)
          cache = new EntryCache(name)
        }
        cache output (options, template)
      }
    }
    new Output
  }: AnyOutputSocket

  abstract override def make(options: AccessOptions, name: FsNodeName, tµpe: Type, template: Option[Entry]) {
    assert(writeLockedByCurrentThread)
    super.make(options, name, tµpe, template)
    val cache = caches remove name
    if (null ne cache) cache clear ()
  }

  abstract override def unlink(options: AccessOptions, name: FsNodeName) {
    assert(writeLockedByCurrentThread)
    super.unlink(options, name)
    val cache = caches remove name
    if (null ne cache) cache clear()
  }

  abstract override def sync(options: SyncOptions) {
    assert(writeLockedByCurrentThread)
    var preSyncEx: NeedsSyncException = null
    do {
      preSyncEx = null
      try {
          preSync(options)
      } catch {
        case invalidState: NeedsSyncException =>
          // The target archive controller is in an invalid state because
          // it reports to need a sync() while the current thread is
          // actually doing a sync().
          // This is expected to be a volatile event which may have been
          // caused by the following scenario:
          // Another thread attempted to sync() the nested target archive
          // file but initially failed because the parent file system
          // controller has thrown an FsNeedsLockRetryException when
          // trying to close() the input or output resources for the
          // target archive file.
          // The other thread has then released all its file system write
          // locks and is now retrying the operation but lost the race
          // for the file system write lock against this thread which has
          // now detected the invalid state.

          // In an attempt to recover from this invalid state, the
          // current thread could just step back in order to give the
          // other thread a chance to complete its sync().
          //throw FsNeedsLockRetryException.get(getModel());

          // However, this would unnecessarily defer the current thread
          // and might result in yet another thread to discover the
          // invalid state, which reduces the overall performance.
          // So instead, the current thread will now attempt to resolve
          // the invalid state by sync()ing the target archive controller
          // before preSync()ing the cache again.
          logger debug ("recovering", invalidState)
          preSyncEx = invalidState // trigger another iteration
      }
      super.sync(options.clear(CLEAR_CACHE))
    } while (null ne preSyncEx)
    if (caches.isEmpty) mounted = false
  }

  private def preSync(options: SyncOptions) {
    if (0 >= caches.size()) return
    val flush = !(options get ABORT_CHANGES)
    val clear = !flush || (options get CLEAR_CACHE)
    assert(flush || clear)
    val builder = new FsSyncExceptionBuilder
    val i = caches.values.iterator
    while (i.hasNext) {
      val cache = i next ()
      if (flush) {
        try {
          cache flush ()
        } catch {
          case ex: IOException =>
            throw builder fail new FsSyncException(mountPoint, ex)
        }
      }
      if (clear) {
        i remove ()
        try {
          cache clear ()
        } catch {
          case ex: IOException =>
            builder warn new FsSyncWarningException(mountPoint, ex)
        }
      }
    }
    builder check ()
  }

  /** A cache for the contents of an individual archive entry. */
  private final class EntryCache(val name: FsNodeName) {
    val cache = CacheEntry.Strategy.WriteBack.newCacheEntry(pool)

    def flush() { cache flush () }

    def clear() { cache release () }

    def register() { caches put (name, this) }

    def input(options: AccessOptions) = {
      /** This class requires LAZY INITIALIZATION of its channel, but NO
        * automatic decoupling on exceptions!
        */
      final class Input extends DelegatingInputSocket[Entry] {
        private[this] val _options = options clear CACHE // consume

        override lazy val socket = CacheController.super.input(_options, name)

        override def stream(peer: AnyOutputSocket) = {
          assert(writeLockedByCurrentThread)

          final class Stream extends DecoratingInputStream(socket stream peer) {
            assert(mounted)

            override def close() {
              assert(writeLockedByCurrentThread)
              in close ()
              register()
            }
          }
          new Stream
        }

        override def channel(peer: AnyOutputSocket) = throw new AssertionError
      }
      cache.configure(new Input).input
    }

    def output(options: AccessOptions, template: Option[Entry]) = {
      /** This class requires LAZY INITIALIZATION of its channel, but NO
        * automatic decoupling on exceptions!
        */
      final class Output extends DelegatingOutputSocket[Entry] {
        private[this] val _options = options clear CACHE // consume

        override lazy val socket = cache
          .configure(CacheController.super.output(
              _options clear EXCLUSIVE, name, template))
          .output

        override def stream(peer: AnyInputSocket) = {
          assert(writeLockedByCurrentThread)
          preOutput()

          final class Stream extends DecoratingOutputStream(socket stream peer) {
            register()

            override def close() {
              assert(writeLockedByCurrentThread)
              out close ()
              postOutput()
            }
          }
          new Stream
        }

        override def channel(peer: AnyInputSocket) = {
          assert(writeLockedByCurrentThread)
          preOutput()

          final class Channel extends DecoratingSeekableChannel(socket channel peer) {
            register()

            override def close() {
              assert(writeLockedByCurrentThread)
              channel close ()
              postOutput()
            }
          }
          new Channel
        }

        def preOutput() { make(_options, template) }

        def postOutput() {
          make(_options clear EXCLUSIVE, template orElse Option(cache)) 
          register()
        }

        def make(options: AccessOptions, template: Option[Entry]) {
          var mknodOpts = options
          while (true) {
            try {
              CacheController.super.make(mknodOpts, name, FILE, template)
              return
            } catch {
              case mknodEx: NeedsSyncException =>
                // In this context, this exception means that the entry
                // has already been written to the output archive for
                // the target archive file.

                // Pass on the exception if there is no means to
                // resolve the issue locally, that is if we were asked
                // to create the entry exclusively or this is a
                // non-recursive file system operation.
                if (mknodOpts get EXCLUSIVE) throw mknodEx
                val syncOpts = SyncController modify SYNC
                if (SYNC eq syncOpts) throw mknodEx

                // Try to resolve the issue locally.
                // Even if we were asked to create the entry
                // EXCLUSIVEly, first we must try to get the cache in
                // sync() with the virtual file system again and retry
                // the make().
                try {
                  CacheController.super.sync(syncOpts)
                  // sync() succeeded, now repeat the make()
                } catch {
                  case syncEx: FsSyncException =>
                    syncEx addSuppressed mknodEx

                    // sync() failed, maybe just because the current
                    // thread has already acquired some open I/O
                    // resources for the same target archive file, e.g.
                    // an input stream for a copy operation and this
                    // is an artifact of an attempt to acquire the
                    // output stream for a child file system.
                    syncEx.getCause match {
                      case _: FsResourceOpenException =>
                      // Too bad, sync() failed because of a more
                      // serious issue than just some open resources.
                      // Let's rethrow the sync exception.
                      case _ => throw syncEx
                    }

                    // OK, we couldn't sync() because the current
                    // thread has acquired open I/O resources for the
                    // same target archive file.
                    // Normally, we would be expected to rethrow the
                    // make exception to trigger another sync(), but
                    // this would fail for the same reason und create
                    // an endless loop, so we can't do this.
                    //throw mknodEx;

                    // Dito for mapping the exception.
                    //throw FsNeedsLockRetryException.get(getModel());

                    // Check if we can retry the make with GROW set.
                    val oldMknodOpts = mknodOpts
                    mknodOpts = oldMknodOpts set GROW
                    if (mknodOpts eq oldMknodOpts) {
                        // Finally, the make failed because the entry
                        // has already been output to the target archive
                        // file - so what?!
                        // This should mark only a volatile issue because
                        // the next sync() will sort it out once all the
                        // I/O resources have been closed.
                        // Let's log the sync exception - mind that it has
                        // suppressed the make exception - and continue
                        // anyway...
                        logger debug ("ignoring", syncEx)
                        return
                    }
                }
            }
          }
        }
      } // Output
      new Output
    }
  } // EntryCache
}

private object CacheController {
  private val logger = new LocalizedLogger(classOf[CacheController]);
}




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