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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ruleset name="Best Practices"
xmlns="http://pmd.sourceforge.net/ruleset/2.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://pmd.sourceforge.net/ruleset/2.0.0 https://pmd.sourceforge.io/ruleset_2_0_0.xsd">
<description>
Rules which enforce generally accepted best practices.
</description>
<rule name="ApexAssertionsShouldIncludeMessage"
language="apex"
since="6.13.0"
message="Apex test assert statement should make use of the message parameter."
class="net.sourceforge.pmd.lang.apex.rule.bestpractices.ApexAssertionsShouldIncludeMessageRule"
externalInfoUrl="${pmd.website.baseurl}/pmd_rules_apex_bestpractices.html#apexassertionsshouldincludemessage">
<description>
The second parameter of System.assert/third parameter of System.assertEquals/System.assertNotEquals is a message.
Having a second/third parameter provides more information and makes it easier to debug the test failure and
improves the readability of test output.
</description>
<priority>3</priority>
<example>
<![CDATA[
@isTest
public class Foo {
@isTest
static void methodATest() {
System.assertNotEquals('123', o.StageName); // not good
System.assertEquals('123', o.StageName, 'Opportunity stageName is wrong.'); // good
System.assert(o.isClosed); // not good
System.assert(o.isClosed, 'Opportunity is not closed.'); // good
}
}
]]>
</example>
</rule>
<rule name="ApexUnitTestClassShouldHaveAsserts"
language="apex"
since="5.5.1"
message="Apex unit tests should System.assert() or assertEquals() or assertNotEquals()"
class="net.sourceforge.pmd.lang.apex.rule.bestpractices.ApexUnitTestClassShouldHaveAssertsRule"
externalInfoUrl="${pmd.website.baseurl}/pmd_rules_apex_bestpractices.html#apexunittestclassshouldhaveasserts">
<description>
Apex unit tests should include at least one assertion. This makes the tests more robust, and using assert
with messages provide the developer a clearer idea of what the test does. Custom assert method invocation
patterns can be specified using the 'additionalAssertMethodPattern' property if required.
</description>
<priority>3</priority>
<example>
<![CDATA[
@isTest
public class Foo {
public static testMethod void testSomething() {
Account a = null;
// This is better than having a NullPointerException
// System.assertNotEquals(a, null, 'account not found');
a.toString();
}
}
]]>
</example>
</rule>
<rule name="ApexUnitTestClassShouldHaveRunAs"
language="apex"
since="6.51.0"
message="Apex unit test classes should have at least one System.runAs() call"
class="net.sourceforge.pmd.lang.apex.rule.bestpractices.ApexUnitTestClassShouldHaveRunAsRule"
externalInfoUrl="${pmd.website.baseurl}/pmd_rules_apex_bestpractices.html#apexunittestclassshouldhaverunas">
<description>
Apex unit tests should include at least one runAs method. This makes the tests more robust, and independent from the
user running it.
</description>
<priority>3</priority>
<example>
<![CDATA[
@isTest
private class TestRunAs {
public static testMethod void testRunAs() {
// Setup test data
// Create a unique UserName
String uniqueUserName = 'standarduser' + DateTime.now().getTime() + '@testorg.com';
// This code runs as the system user
Profile p = [SELECT Id FROM Profile WHERE Name='Standard User'];
User u = new User(Alias = 'standt', Email='[email protected]',
EmailEncodingKey='UTF-8', LastName='Testing', LanguageLocaleKey='en_US',
LocaleSidKey='en_US', ProfileId = p.Id,
TimeZoneSidKey='America/Los_Angeles',
UserName=uniqueUserName);
System.runAs(u) {
// The following code runs as user 'u'
System.debug('Current User: ' + UserInfo.getUserName());
System.debug('Current Profile: ' + UserInfo.getProfileId());
}
}
}
]]>
</example>
</rule>
<rule name="ApexUnitTestMethodShouldHaveIsTestAnnotation"
since="6.13.0"
language="apex"
message="Apex test methods should have @isTest annotation."
class="net.sourceforge.pmd.lang.rule.xpath.XPathRule"
externalInfoUrl="${pmd.website.baseurl}/pmd_rules_apex_bestpractices.html#apexunittestmethodshouldhaveistestannotation">
<description>
Apex test methods should have `@isTest` annotation instead of the `testMethod` keyword,
as `testMethod` is deprecated.
Salesforce advices to use [@isTest](https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.apexcode.meta/apexcode/apex_classes_annotation_isTest.htm)
annotation for test classes and methods.
</description>
<priority>3</priority>
<properties>
<property name="xpath">
<value>
<![CDATA[
//Method[ModifierNode[@DeprecatedTestMethod = true()]]
]]>
</value>
</property>
</properties>
<example>
<![CDATA[
@isTest
private class ATest {
@isTest
static void methodATest() {
}
static void methodBTest() {
}
@isTest static void methodCTest() {
System.assert(1==2);
}
static testmethod void methodCTest() {
System.debug('I am a debug statement');
}
private void fetchData() {
}
}
]]>
</example>
</rule>
<rule name="ApexUnitTestShouldNotUseSeeAllDataTrue"
language="apex"
since="5.5.1"
message="Apex unit tests should not use @isTest(seeAllData = true)"
class="net.sourceforge.pmd.lang.apex.rule.bestpractices.ApexUnitTestShouldNotUseSeeAllDataTrueRule"
externalInfoUrl="${pmd.website.baseurl}/pmd_rules_apex_bestpractices.html#apexunittestshouldnotuseseealldatatrue">
<description>
Apex unit tests should not use @isTest(seeAllData=true) because it opens up the existing database data for unexpected modification by tests.
</description>
<priority>3</priority>
<example>
<![CDATA[
@isTest(seeAllData = true)
public class Foo {
public static testMethod void testSomething() {
Account a = null;
// This is better than having a NullPointerException
// System.assertNotEquals(a, null, 'account not found');
a.toString();
}
}
]]>
</example>
</rule>
<rule name="AvoidGlobalModifier"
language="apex"
since="5.5.0"
message="Avoid using global modifier"
class="net.sourceforge.pmd.lang.apex.rule.bestpractices.AvoidGlobalModifierRule"
externalInfoUrl="${pmd.website.baseurl}/pmd_rules_apex_bestpractices.html#avoidglobalmodifier">
<description>
Global classes should be avoided (especially in managed packages) as they can never be deleted or changed in signature. Always check twice if something needs to be global.
Many interfaces (e.g. Batch) required global modifiers in the past but don't require this anymore. Don't lock yourself in.
</description>
<priority>3</priority>
<example>
<![CDATA[
global class Unchangeable {
global UndeletableType unchangable(UndeletableType param) {
// ...
}
}
]]>
</example>
</rule>
<rule name="AvoidLogicInTrigger"
language="apex"
since="5.5.0"
message="Avoid logic in triggers"
class="net.sourceforge.pmd.lang.apex.rule.bestpractices.AvoidLogicInTriggerRule"
externalInfoUrl="${pmd.website.baseurl}/pmd_rules_apex_bestpractices.html#avoidlogicintrigger">
<description>
As triggers do not allow methods like regular classes they are less flexible and suited to apply good encapsulation style.
Therefore delegate the triggers work to a regular class (often called Trigger handler class).
See more here: <https://developer.salesforce.com/page/Trigger_Frameworks_and_Apex_Trigger_Best_Practices>
</description>
<priority>3</priority>
<example>
<![CDATA[
trigger Accounts on Account (before insert, before update, before delete, after insert, after update, after delete, after undelete) {
for(Account acc : Trigger.new) {
if(Trigger.isInsert) {
// ...
}
// ...
if(Trigger.isDelete) {
// ...
}
}
}
]]>
</example>
</rule>
<rule name="DebugsShouldUseLoggingLevel"
since="6.18.0"
language="apex"
message="Calls to System.debug should specify a logging level."
class="net.sourceforge.pmd.lang.rule.xpath.XPathRule"
externalInfoUrl="${pmd.website.baseurl}/pmd_rules_apex_bestpractices.html#debugsshoulduselogginglevel">
<description>
The first parameter of System.debug, when using the signature with two parameters, is a LoggingLevel enum.
Having the Logging Level specified provides a cleaner log, and improves readability of it.
</description>
<priority>3</priority>
<properties>
<property name="strictMode" type="Boolean" value="false" description="If true, mark statements that use the DEBUG enum of LoggingLevel."/>
<property name="xpath">
<value>
<![CDATA[
//MethodCallExpression[lower-case(@FullMethodName)='system.debug'][count(*)=2
or ($strictMode=true() and count(*)=3 and lower-case(VariableExpression/@Image)='debug')]
]]>
</value>
</property>
</properties>
<example>
<![CDATA[
@isTest
public class Foo {
@isTest
static void bar() {
System.debug('Hey this code executed.'); // not good
System.debug(LoggingLevel.WARN, 'Hey, something might be wrong.'); // good
System.debug(LoggingLevel.DEBUG, 'Hey, something happened.'); // not good when on strict mode
}
}
]]>
</example>
</rule>
<rule name="UnusedLocalVariable"
since="6.23.0"
language="apex"
message="Variable ''{0}'' defined but not used"
class="net.sourceforge.pmd.lang.apex.rule.bestpractices.UnusedLocalVariableRule"
externalInfoUrl="${pmd.website.baseurl}/pmd_rules_apex_bestpractices.html#unusedlocalvariable">
<description>
Detects when a local variable is declared and/or assigned but not used.
</description>
<example>
<![CDATA[
public Boolean bar(String z) {
String x = 'some string'; // not used
String y = 'some other string'; // used in the next line
return z.equals(y);
}
]]>
</example>
</rule>
</ruleset>
