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The Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA), a machine
learning workbench. This is the stable version. Apart from bugfixes, this version
does not receive any other updates.
/*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
/*
* CheckEstimator.java
* Copyright (C) 1999 University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
*
*/
package weka.estimators;
import weka.core.Attribute;
import weka.core.FastVector;
import weka.core.Instance;
import weka.core.Instances;
import weka.core.Option;
import weka.core.OptionHandler;
import weka.core.RevisionHandler;
import weka.core.RevisionUtils;
import weka.core.TestInstances;
import weka.core.Utils;
import weka.core.WeightedInstancesHandler;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Vector;
/**
* Class for examining the capabilities and finding problems with
* estimators. If you implement a estimator using the WEKA.libraries,
* you should run the checks on it to ensure robustness and correct
* operation. Passing all the tests of this object does not mean
* bugs in the estimator don't exist, but this will help find some
* common ones.
*
* Typical usage:
* java weka.estimators.CheckEstimator -W estimator_name
* estimator_options
*
* This class uses code from the CheckEstimatorClass
* ATTENTION! Current estimators can only
* 1. split on a nominal class attribute
* 2. build estimators for nominal and numeric attributes
* 3. build estimators independendly of the class type
* The functionality to test on other class and attribute types
* is left in big parts in the code.
*
* CheckEstimator reports on the following:
*
* - Estimator abilities
*
* - Possible command line options to the estimator
* - Whether the estimator can predict nominal, numeric, string,
* date or relational class attributes. Warnings will be displayed if
* performance is worse than ZeroR
* - Whether the estimator can be trained incrementally
* - Whether the estimator can build estimates for numeric attributes
* - Whether the estimator can handle nominal attributes
* - Whether the estimator can handle string attributes
* - Whether the estimator can handle date attributes
* - Whether the estimator can handle relational attributes
* - Whether the estimator build estimates for multi-instance data
* - Whether the estimator can handle missing attribute values
* - Whether the estimator can handle missing class values
* - Whether a nominal estimator only handles 2 class problems
* - Whether the estimator can handle instance weights
*
*
* - Correct functioning
*
* - Correct initialisation during addvalues (i.e. no result
* changes when addValues called repeatedly)
* - Whether incremental training produces the same results
* as during non-incremental training (which may or may not
* be OK)
* - Whether the estimator alters the data pased to it
* (number of instances, instance order, instance weights, etc)
*
*
* - Degenerate cases
*
* - building estimator with zero training instances
* - all but one attribute attribute values missing
* - all attribute attribute values missing
* - all but one class values missing
* - all class values missing
*
*
*
* Running CheckEstimator with the debug option set will output the
* training and test datasets for any failed tests.
*
* The weka.estimators.AbstractEstimatorTest uses this
* class to test all the estimators. Any changes here, have to be
* checked in that abstract test class, too.
*
* Valid options are:
*
* -D
* Turn on debugging output.
*
* -S
* Silent mode - prints nothing to stdout.
*
* -N <num>
* The number of instances in the datasets (default 100).
*
* -W
* Full name of the estimator analysed.
* eg: weka.estimators.NormalEstimator
*
*
* Options specific to estimator weka.estimators.NormalEstimator:
*
*
* -D
* If set, estimator is run in debug mode and
* may output additional info to the console
*
*
* Options after -- are passed to the designated estimator.
*
* @author Len Trigg ([email protected])
* @author FracPete (fracpete at waikato dot ac dot nz)
* @version $Revision: 1.5 $
* @see TestInstances
*/
public class CheckEstimator implements OptionHandler, RevisionHandler {
/*
* Note about test methods:
* - methods return array of booleans
* - first index: success or not
* - second index: acceptable or not (e.g., Exception is OK)
* - in case the performance is worse than that of ZeroR both indices are true
*
* FracPete (fracpete at waikato dot ac dot nz)
*/
/** a class for postprocessing the test-data
*/
public class PostProcessor
implements RevisionHandler {
/**
* Provides a hook for derived classes to further modify the data. Currently,
* the data is just passed through.
*
* @param data the data to process
* @return the processed data
*/
protected Instances process(Instances data) {
return data;
}
/**
* Returns the revision string.
*
* @return the revision
*/
public String getRevision() {
return RevisionUtils.extract("$Revision: 1.5 $");
}
}
/*** The estimator to be examined */
protected Estimator m_Estimator = (Estimator) new weka.estimators.NormalEstimator(0.000001);
/** The options to be passed to the base estimator. */
protected String[] m_EstimatorOptions;
/** The results of the analysis as a string */
protected String m_AnalysisResults;
/** Debugging mode, gives extra output if true */
protected boolean m_Debug = false;
/** Silent mode, for no output at all to stdout */
protected boolean m_Silent = false;
/** The number of instances in the datasets */
protected int m_NumInstances = 100;
/** for post-processing the data even further */
protected PostProcessor m_PostProcessor = null;
/** whether classpath problems occurred */
protected boolean m_ClasspathProblems = false;
/**
* class that contains info about the attribute types the estimator can estimate
* estimator work on one attribute only
*/
public static class AttrTypes
implements RevisionHandler {
boolean nominal = false;
boolean numeric = false;
boolean string = false;
boolean date = false;
boolean relational = false;
AttrTypes() {
}
AttrTypes (AttrTypes newTypes) {
nominal = newTypes.nominal;
numeric = newTypes.numeric;
string = newTypes.string;
date = newTypes.date;
relational = newTypes.relational;
}
AttrTypes (int type) {
if (type == Attribute.NOMINAL) nominal = true;
if (type == Attribute.NUMERIC) numeric = true;
if (type == Attribute.STRING) string = true;
if (type == Attribute.DATE) date = true;
if (type == Attribute.RELATIONAL) relational = true;
}
int getSetType() throws Exception {
int sum = 0;
int type = -1;
if (nominal) { sum ++; type = Attribute.NOMINAL; }
if (numeric) { sum ++; type = Attribute.NUMERIC; }
if (string) { sum ++; type = Attribute.STRING; }
if (date) { sum ++; type = Attribute.DATE; }
if (relational) { sum ++; type = Attribute.RELATIONAL; }
if (sum > 1)
throw new Exception("Expected to have only one type set used wrongly.");
if (type < 0)
throw new Exception("No type set.");
return type;
}
boolean oneIsSet() {
return (nominal || numeric || string || date || relational);
}
public Vector getVectorOfAttrTypes() {
Vector attrs = new Vector();
if (nominal) attrs.add(new Integer(Attribute.NOMINAL));
if (numeric) attrs.add(new Integer(Attribute.NUMERIC));
if (string) attrs.add(new Integer(Attribute.STRING));
if (date) attrs.add(new Integer(Attribute.DATE));
if (relational) attrs.add(new Integer(Attribute.RELATIONAL));
return attrs;
}
/**
* Returns the revision string.
*
* @return the revision
*/
public String getRevision() {
return RevisionUtils.extract("$Revision: 1.5 $");
}
}
/**
* public class that contains info about the chosen attribute type
* estimator work on one attribute only
*/
public static class EstTypes
implements RevisionHandler {
boolean incremental = false;
boolean weighted = false;
boolean supervised = false;
/**
* Constructor
*/
public EstTypes () {
}
/**
* Constructor
*/
public EstTypes (boolean i, boolean w, boolean s) {
incremental = i;
weighted = w;
supervised = s;
}
/**
* Returns the revision string.
*
* @return the revision
*/
public String getRevision() {
return RevisionUtils.extract("$Revision: 1.5 $");
}
}
/**
* Returns an enumeration describing the available options.
*
* @return an enumeration of all the available options.
*/
public Enumeration listOptions() {
Vector newVector = new Vector(2);
newVector.addElement(new Option(
"\tTurn on debugging output.",
"D", 0, "-D"));
newVector.addElement(new Option(
"\tSilent mode - prints nothing to stdout.",
"S", 0, "-S"));
newVector.addElement(new Option(
"\tThe number of instances in the datasets (default 100).",
"N", 1, "-N "));
newVector.addElement(new Option(
"\tFull name of the estimator analysed.\n"
+"\teg: weka.estimators.NormalEstimator",
"W", 1, "-W"));
if ((m_Estimator != null)
&& (m_Estimator instanceof OptionHandler)) {
newVector.addElement(new Option("", "", 0,
"\nOptions specific to estimator "
+ m_Estimator.getClass().getName()
+ ":"));
Enumeration enu = ((OptionHandler)m_Estimator).listOptions();
while (enu.hasMoreElements())
newVector.addElement(enu.nextElement());
}
return newVector.elements();
}
/**
* Parses a given list of options.
*
* Valid options are:
*
* -D
* Turn on debugging output.
*
* -S
* Silent mode - prints nothing to stdout.
*
* -N <num>
* The number of instances in the datasets (default 100).
*
* -W
* Full name of the estimator analysed.
* eg: weka.estimators.NormalEstimator
*
*
* Options specific to estimator weka.estimators.NormalEstimator:
*
*
* -D
* If set, estimator is run in debug mode and
* may output additional info to the console
*
*
* @param options the list of options as an array of strings
* @throws Exception if an option is not supported
*/
public void setOptions(String[] options) throws Exception {
String tmpStr;
setDebug(Utils.getFlag('D', options));
setSilent(Utils.getFlag('S', options));
tmpStr = Utils.getOption('N', options);
if (tmpStr.length() != 0)
setNumInstances(Integer.parseInt(tmpStr));
else
setNumInstances(100);
tmpStr = Utils.getOption('W', options);
if (tmpStr.length() == 0)
throw new Exception("A estimator must be specified with the -W option.");
setEstimator(Estimator.forName(tmpStr, Utils.partitionOptions(options)));
}
/**
* Gets the current settings of the CheckEstimator.
*
* @return an array of strings suitable for passing to setOptions
*/
public String[] getOptions() {
Vector result;
String[] options;
int i;
result = new Vector();
if (getDebug())
result.add("-D");
if (getSilent())
result.add("-S");
result.add("-N");
result.add("" + getNumInstances());
if (getEstimator() != null) {
result.add("-W");
result.add(getEstimator().getClass().getName());
}
if ((m_Estimator != null) && (m_Estimator instanceof OptionHandler))
options = ((OptionHandler) m_Estimator).getOptions();
else
options = new String[0];
if (options.length > 0) {
result.add("--");
for (i = 0; i < options.length; i++)
result.add(options[i]);
}
return (String[]) result.toArray(new String[result.size()]);
}
/**
* sets the PostProcessor to use
*
* @param value the new PostProcessor
* @see #m_PostProcessor
*/
public void setPostProcessor(PostProcessor value) {
m_PostProcessor = value;
}
/**
* returns the current PostProcessor, can be null
*
* @return the current PostProcessor
*/
public PostProcessor getPostProcessor() {
return m_PostProcessor;
}
/**
* returns TRUE if the estimator returned a "not in classpath" Exception
*
* @return true if CLASSPATH problems occurred
*/
public boolean hasClasspathProblems() {
return m_ClasspathProblems;
}
/**
* Begin the tests, reporting results to System.out
*/
public void doTests() {
if (getEstimator() == null) {
println("\n=== No estimator set ===");
return;
}
println("\n=== Check on Estimator: "
+ getEstimator().getClass().getName()
+ " ===\n");
m_ClasspathProblems = false;
// Start tests with test for options
canTakeOptions();
// test what type of estimator it is
EstTypes estTypes = new EstTypes();
estTypes.incremental = incrementalEstimator()[0];
estTypes.weighted = weightedInstancesHandler()[0];
estTypes.supervised = supervisedEstimator()[0];
// in none of the estimators yet the functionality is depending on the class type
// since this could change the basic structure taken from checkclassifiers is kept here
int classType = Attribute.NOMINAL;
AttrTypes attrTypes = testsPerClassType(classType, estTypes);
// only nominal class can be split up so far
canSplitUpClass(attrTypes, classType);
}
/**
* Set debugging mode
*
* @param debug true if debug output should be printed
*/
public void setDebug(boolean debug) {
m_Debug = debug;
// disable silent mode, if necessary
if (getDebug())
setSilent(false);
}
/**
* Get whether debugging is turned on
*
* @return true if debugging output is on
*/
public boolean getDebug() {
return m_Debug;
}
/**
* Set slient mode, i.e., no output at all to stdout
*
* @param value whether silent mode is active or not
*/
public void setSilent(boolean value) {
m_Silent = value;
}
/**
* Get whether silent mode is turned on
*
* @return true if silent mode is on
*/
public boolean getSilent() {
return m_Silent;
}
/**
* Sets the number of instances to use in the datasets (some estimators
* might require more instances).
*
* @param value the number of instances to use
*/
public void setNumInstances(int value) {
m_NumInstances = value;
}
/**
* Gets the current number of instances to use for the datasets.
*
* @return the number of instances
*/
public int getNumInstances() {
return m_NumInstances;
}
/**
* Set the estimator for boosting.
*
* @param newEstimator the Estimator to use.
*/
public void setEstimator(Estimator newEstimator) {
m_Estimator = newEstimator;
}
/**
* Get the estimator used as the estimator
*
* @return the estimator used as the estimator
*/
public Estimator getEstimator() {
return m_Estimator;
}
/**
* prints the given message to stdout, if not silent mode
*
* @param msg the text to print to stdout
*/
protected void print(Object msg) {
if (!getSilent())
System.out.print(msg);
}
/**
* prints the given message (+ LF) to stdout, if not silent mode
*
* @param msg the message to println to stdout
*/
protected void println(Object msg) {
print(msg + "\n");
}
/**
* prints a LF to stdout, if not silent mode
*/
protected void println() {
print("\n");
}
/**
* Run a battery of tests for a given class attribute type
*
* @param classType true if the class attribute should be numeric
* @param estTypes types the estimator is, like incremental, weighted, supervised etc
* @return attribute types estimator can work with
*/
protected AttrTypes testsPerClassType(int classType, EstTypes estTypes) {
// in none of the estimators yet is the estimation depending on the class type
// since this could change the basic structure taken from checkclassifiers is kept here
// test A: simple test - if can estimate
AttrTypes attrTypes = new AttrTypes();
AttrTypes at = new AttrTypes(Attribute.NOMINAL);
attrTypes.nominal = canEstimate(at, estTypes.supervised, classType)[0];
at = new AttrTypes(Attribute.NUMERIC);
attrTypes.numeric = canEstimate(at, estTypes.supervised, classType)[0];
attrTypes.string = false;
attrTypes.date = false;
attrTypes.relational = false;
// if (!multiInstance)
// PRel = canEstimate(false, false, false, false, true, classType)[0];
// else
// PRel = false;
// one of the attribute types succeeded
if (attrTypes.oneIsSet()) {
Vector attributesSet = attrTypes.getVectorOfAttrTypes();
// make tests for each attribute
for (int i = 0; i < attributesSet.size(); i++) {
AttrTypes workAttrTypes = new AttrTypes(((Integer) attributesSet.elementAt(i)).intValue());
// test B: weights change estimate or not
if (estTypes.weighted)
instanceWeights(workAttrTypes, classType);
if (classType == Attribute.NOMINAL) {
int numClasses = 4;
canHandleNClasses(workAttrTypes, numClasses);
}
// tests with class not the last attribute and the attribute not the first
// if (!multiInstance) {
int numAtt = 4;
canHandleClassAsNthAttribute(workAttrTypes, numAtt, 0, classType, 1);
//TODOTODOcanHandleAttrAsNthAttribute(workAttrTypes, numAtt, 2, classType);
//}
canHandleZeroTraining(workAttrTypes, classType);
boolean handleMissingAttributes = canHandleMissing(workAttrTypes,
classType, true, false, 20)[0];
if (handleMissingAttributes)
canHandleMissing(workAttrTypes, classType, true, false, 100);
boolean handleMissingClass = canHandleMissing(workAttrTypes,
classType,
false, true, 20)[0];
if (handleMissingClass)
canHandleMissing(workAttrTypes, classType, false, true, 100);
correctBuildInitialisation(workAttrTypes, classType);
datasetIntegrity(workAttrTypes, classType,
handleMissingAttributes, handleMissingClass);
if (estTypes.incremental)
incrementingEquality(workAttrTypes, classType);
}
}
return attrTypes;
}
/**
* Checks whether the scheme can take command line options.
*
* @return index 0 is true if the estimator can take options
*/
protected boolean[] canTakeOptions() {
boolean[] result = new boolean[2];
print("options...");
if (m_Estimator instanceof OptionHandler) {
println("yes");
if (m_Debug) {
println("\n=== Full report ===");
Enumeration enu = ((OptionHandler)m_Estimator).listOptions();
while (enu.hasMoreElements()) {
Option option = (Option) enu.nextElement();
print(option.synopsis() + "\n"
+ option.description() + "\n");
}
println("\n");
}
result[0] = true;
}
else {
println("no");
result[0] = false;
}
return result;
}
/**
* Checks whether the scheme can build models incrementally.
*
* @return index 0 is true if the estimator can train incrementally
*/
protected boolean[] incrementalEstimator() {
boolean[] result = new boolean[2];
print("incremental estimator...");
if (m_Estimator instanceof IncrementalEstimator) {
println("yes");
result[0] = true;
}
else {
println("no");
result[0] = false;
}
return result;
}
/**
* Checks whether the scheme says it can handle instance weights.
*
* @return true if the estimator handles instance weights
*/
protected boolean[] weightedInstancesHandler() {
boolean[] result = new boolean[2];
print("weighted instances estimator...");
if (m_Estimator instanceof WeightedInstancesHandler) {
println("yes");
result[0] = true;
}
else {
println("no");
result[0] = false;
}
return result;
}
/**
* Checks whether the estimator is supervised.
*
* @return true if the estimator handles instance weights
*/
protected boolean[] supervisedEstimator() {
boolean[] result = new boolean[2];
result[0] = false;
return result;
}
/**
* Checks basic estimation of one attribute of the scheme, for simple non-troublesome
* datasets.
*
* @param attrTypes the types the estimator can work with
* @param classType the class type (NOMINAL, NUMERIC, etc.)
* @return index 0 is true if the test was passed, index 1 is true if test
* was acceptable
*/
protected boolean[] canEstimate(AttrTypes attrTypes, boolean supervised, int classType) {
// supervised is ignored, no supervised estimators used yet
print("basic estimation");
printAttributeSummary(attrTypes, classType);
print("...");
FastVector accepts = new FastVector();
accepts.addElement("nominal");
accepts.addElement("numeric");
accepts.addElement("string");
accepts.addElement("date");
accepts.addElement("relational");
accepts.addElement("not in classpath");
int numTrain = getNumInstances(), numTest = getNumInstances(),
numClasses = 2, missingLevel = 0;
boolean attributeMissing = false, classMissing = false;
int numAtts = 1, attrIndex = 0;
return runBasicTest(attrTypes, numAtts, attrIndex,
classType,
missingLevel, attributeMissing, classMissing,
numTrain, numTest, numClasses,
accepts);
}
/**
* Checks basic estimation of one attribute of the scheme, for simple non-troublesome
* datasets.
*
* @param attrTypes the types the estimator can work with
* @param classType the class type (NOMINAL, NUMERIC, etc.)
*/
protected void canSplitUpClass(AttrTypes attrTypes, int classType) {
if (attrTypes.nominal)
canSplitUpClass(Attribute.NOMINAL, classType);
if (attrTypes.numeric)
canSplitUpClass(Attribute.NUMERIC, classType);
}
/**
* Checks basic estimation of one attribute of the scheme, for simple non-troublesome
* datasets.
*
* @param attrType the type of the estimator
* @param classType the class type (NOMINAL, NUMERIC, etc.)
* @return index 0 is true if the test was passed, index 1 is true if test
* was acceptable
*/
protected boolean[] canSplitUpClass(int attrType, int classType) {
boolean[] result = new boolean[2];
FastVector accepts = new FastVector();
accepts.addElement("not in classpath");
// supervised is ignored, no supervised estimators used yet
print("split per class type ");
printAttributeSummary(attrType, Attribute.NOMINAL);
print("...");
int numTrain = getNumInstances(), numTest = getNumInstances(),
numClasses = 2;
boolean attributeMissing = false, classMissing = false;
int numAtts = 3, attrIndex = 0, classIndex = 1;
Instances train = null;
Vector test;
Estimator estimator = null;
boolean built = false;
try {
AttrTypes at = new AttrTypes(attrType);
train = makeTestDataset(42, numTrain, numAtts, at,
numClasses, classType, classIndex);
// prepare training data set and test value list
test = makeTestValueList(24, numTest, train, attrIndex,
attrType);
estimator = Estimator.makeCopies(getEstimator(), 1)[0];
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
throw new Error("Error setting up for tests: " + ex.getMessage());
}
try {
estimator.addValues(train, attrIndex, classType, classIndex);
built = true;
testWithTestValues(estimator, test);
println("yes");
result[0] = true;
}
catch (Exception ex) {
boolean acceptable = false;
String msg;
if (ex.getMessage() == null)
msg = "";
else
msg = ex.getMessage().toLowerCase();
if (msg.indexOf("not in classpath") > -1)
m_ClasspathProblems = true;
for (int i = 0; i < accepts.size(); i++) {
if (msg.indexOf((String)accepts.elementAt(i)) >= 0) {
acceptable = true;
}
}
println("no" + (acceptable ? " (OK error message)" : ""));
result[1] = acceptable;
if (m_Debug) {
println("\n=== Full Report ===");
print("Problem during");
if (built) {
print(" testing");
} else {
print(" training");
}
println(": " + ex.getMessage() + "\n");
if (!acceptable) {
if (accepts.size() > 0) {
print("Error message doesn't mention ");
for (int i = 0; i < accepts.size(); i++) {
if (i != 0) {
print(" or ");
}
print('"' + (String)accepts.elementAt(i) + '"');
}
}
println("here are the datasets:\n");
println("=== Train Dataset ===\n"
+ train.toString() + "\n");
println("=== Test Dataset ===\n"
+ test.toString() + "\n\n");
}
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* Checks whether nominal schemes can handle more than two classes.
* If a scheme is only designed for two-class problems it should
* throw an appropriate exception for multi-class problems.
*
* @param attrTypes attribute types the estimator excepts
* @param numClasses the number of classes to test
* @return index 0 is true if the test was passed, index 1 is true if test
* was acceptable
*/
protected boolean[] canHandleNClasses(AttrTypes attrTypes, int numClasses) {
print("more than two class problems");
printAttributeSummary(attrTypes, Attribute.NOMINAL);
print("...");
FastVector accepts = new FastVector();
accepts.addElement("number");
accepts.addElement("class");
int numTrain = getNumInstances(), numTest = getNumInstances(),
missingLevel = 0;
boolean attributeMissing = false, classMissing = false;
int numAttr = 1, attrIndex = 0;
return runBasicTest(attrTypes,
numAttr, attrIndex,
Attribute.NOMINAL,
missingLevel, attributeMissing, classMissing,
numTrain, numTest, numClasses,
accepts);
}
/**
* Checks whether the scheme can handle class attributes as Nth attribute.
*
* @param attrTypes the attribute types the estimator accepts
* @param numAtts of attributes
* @param attrIndex the index of the attribute
* @param classType the class type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
* @param classIndex the index of the class attribute (0-based, -1 means last attribute)
* @return index 0 is true if the test was passed, index 1 is true if test
* was acceptable
* @see TestInstances#CLASS_IS_LAST
*/
protected boolean[] canHandleClassAsNthAttribute(AttrTypes attrTypes,
int numAtts,
int attrIndex,
int classType,
int classIndex) {
if (classIndex == TestInstances.CLASS_IS_LAST)
print("class attribute as last attribute");
else
print("class attribute as " + (classIndex + 1) + ". attribute");
printAttributeSummary(attrTypes, classType);
print("...");
FastVector accepts = new FastVector();
int numTrain = getNumInstances(), numTest = getNumInstances(), numClasses = 2,
missingLevel = 0;
boolean attributeMissing = false, classMissing = false;
return runBasicTest(attrTypes,
numAtts, attrIndex,
classType, classIndex,
missingLevel, attributeMissing, classMissing,
numTrain, numTest, numClasses,
accepts);
}
/**
* Checks whether the scheme can handle zero training instances.
*
* @param attrTypes attribute types that can be estimated
* @param classType the class type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
* @return index 0 is true if the test was passed, index 1 is true if test
* was acceptable
*/
protected boolean[] canHandleZeroTraining(AttrTypes attrTypes, int classType) {
print("handle zero training instances");
printAttributeSummary(attrTypes, classType);
print("...");
FastVector accepts = new FastVector();
accepts.addElement("train");
accepts.addElement("value");
int numTrain = 0, numTest = getNumInstances(), numClasses = 2,
missingLevel = 0;
boolean attributeMissing = false, classMissing = false;
int numAtts = 1;
int attrIndex = 0;
return runBasicTest(
attrTypes, numAtts, attrIndex,
classType,
missingLevel, attributeMissing, classMissing,
numTrain, numTest, numClasses,
accepts);
}
/**
* Checks whether the scheme correctly initialises models when
* buildEstimator is called. This test calls buildEstimator with
* one training dataset and records performance on a test set.
* buildEstimator is then called on a training set with different
* structure, and then again with the original training set. The
* performance on the test set is compared with the original results
* and any performance difference noted as incorrect build initialisation.
*
* @param attrTypes attribute types that can be estimated
* @param classType the class type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
* @return index 0 is true if the test was passed, index 1 is true if the
* scheme performs worse than ZeroR, but without error (index 0 is
* false)
*/
protected boolean[] correctBuildInitialisation(AttrTypes attrTypes,
int classType) {
boolean[] result = new boolean[2];
print("correct initialisation during buildEstimator");
printAttributeSummary(attrTypes, classType);
print("...");
int numTrain = getNumInstances(), numTest = getNumInstances(),
numClasses = 2, missingLevel = 0;
boolean attributeMissing = false, classMissing = false;
Instances train1 = null;
Instances test1 = null;
Instances train2 = null;
Instances test2 = null;
Estimator estimator = null;
Estimator estimator1 = null;
boolean built = false;
int stage = 0;
int attrIndex1 = 1;
int attrIndex2 = 2;
try {
// Make two sets of train/test splits with different
// numbers of attributes
train1 = makeTestDataset(42, numTrain, 2, attrTypes,
numClasses,
classType);
train2 = makeTestDataset(84, numTrain, 3, attrTypes,
numClasses,
classType);
if (missingLevel > 0) {
addMissing(train1, missingLevel, attributeMissing, classMissing, attrIndex1);
addMissing(train2, missingLevel, attributeMissing, classMissing, attrIndex2);
}
estimator = Estimator.makeCopies(getEstimator(), 1)[0];
} catch (Exception ex) {
throw new Error("Error setting up for tests: " + ex.getMessage());
}
try {
//TESTING??
stage = 0;
estimator.addValues(train1, attrIndex1);
built = true;
estimator1 = estimator.makeCopies(getEstimator(), 1)[0];
stage = 1;
built = false;
estimator.addValues(train2, attrIndex2);
built = true;
stage = 2;
built = false;
estimator.addValues(train1, attrIndex1);
built = true;
stage = 3;
if (!estimator.equals(estimator1)) {
if (m_Debug) {
println("\n=== Full report ===\n"
+ "\nFirst build estimator\n"+
estimator.toString() + "\n\n");
println("\nSecond build estimator\n"+
estimator.toString() + "\n\n");
}
throw new Exception("Results differ between buildEstimator calls");
}
println("yes");
result[0] = true;
if (false && m_Debug) {
println("\n=== Full report ===\n"
+ "\nFirst buildEstimator()"
+ "\n\n");
println("\nSecond buildEstimator()"
+ "\n\n");
}
}
catch (Exception ex) {
String msg = ex.getMessage().toLowerCase();
if (msg.indexOf("worse than zeror") >= 0) {
println("warning: performs worse than ZeroR");
result[0] = true;
result[1] = true;
} else {
println("no");
result[0] = false;
}
if (m_Debug) {
println("\n=== Full Report ===");
print("Problem during");
if (built) {
print(" testing");
} else {
print(" training");
}
switch (stage) {
case 0:
print(" of dataset 1");
break;
case 1:
print(" of dataset 2");
break;
case 2:
print(" of dataset 1 (2nd build)");
break;
case 3:
print(", comparing results from builds of dataset 1");
break;
}
println(": " + ex.getMessage() + "\n");
println("here are the datasets:\n");
println("=== Train1 Dataset ===\n"
+ train1.toString() + "\n");
println("=== Test1 Dataset ===\n"
+ test1.toString() + "\n\n");
println("=== Train2 Dataset ===\n"
+ train2.toString() + "\n");
println("=== Test2 Dataset ===\n"
+ test2.toString() + "\n\n");
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* Checks basic missing value handling of the scheme. If the missing
* values cause an exception to be thrown by the scheme, this will be
* recorded.
*
* @param attrTypes attribute types that can be estimated
* @param classType the class type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
* @param attributeMissing true if the missing values may be in
* the attributes
* @param classMissing true if the missing values may be in the class
* @param missingLevel the percentage of missing values
* @return index 0 is true if the test was passed, index 1 is true if test
* was acceptable
*/
protected boolean[] canHandleMissing(AttrTypes attrTypes,
int classType,
boolean attributeMissing,
boolean classMissing,
int missingLevel) {
if (missingLevel == 100)
print("100% ");
print("missing");
if (attributeMissing) {
print(" attribute");
if (classMissing)
print(" and");
}
if (classMissing)
print(" class");
print(" values");
printAttributeSummary(attrTypes, classType);
print("...");
FastVector accepts = new FastVector();
accepts.addElement("missing");
accepts.addElement("value");
accepts.addElement("train");
int numTrain = getNumInstances(), numTest = getNumInstances(),
numClasses = 2;
int numAtts = 1, attrIndex = 0;
return runBasicTest(attrTypes,
numAtts, attrIndex,
classType,
missingLevel, attributeMissing, classMissing,
numTrain, numTest, numClasses,
accepts);
}
/**
* Checks whether an incremental scheme produces the same model when
* trained incrementally as when batch trained. The model itself
* cannot be compared, so we compare the evaluation on test data
* for both models. It is possible to get a false positive on this
* test (likelihood depends on the estimator).
*
* @param attrTypes attribute types that can be estimated
* @param classType the class type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
* @return index 0 is true if the test was passed
*/
protected boolean[] incrementingEquality(AttrTypes attrTypes,
int classType) {
print("incremental training produces the same results"
+ " as batch training");
printAttributeSummary(attrTypes, classType);
print("...");
int numTrain = getNumInstances(), numTest = getNumInstances(),
numClasses = 2, missingLevel = 0;
boolean attributeMissing = false, classMissing = false;
boolean[] result = new boolean[2];
Instances train = null;
Estimator [] estimators = null;
boolean built = false;
int attrIndex = 0;
Vector test;
try {
train = makeTestDataset(42, numTrain, 1, attrTypes,
numClasses,
classType
);
// prepare training data set and test value list
test = makeTestValueList(24, numTest, train, attrIndex,
attrTypes.getSetType());
if (missingLevel > 0) {
addMissing(train, missingLevel, attributeMissing, classMissing, attrIndex);
}
estimators = Estimator.makeCopies(getEstimator(), 2);
estimators[0].addValues(train, attrIndex);
} catch (Exception ex) {
throw new Error("Error setting up for tests: " + ex.getMessage());
}
try {
for (int i = 0; i < train.numInstances(); i++) {
((IncrementalEstimator)estimators[1]).addValue(train.instance(i).value(attrIndex), 1.0);
}
built = true;
if (!estimators[0].equals(estimators[1])) {
println("no");
result[0] = false;
if (m_Debug) {
println("\n=== Full Report ===");
println("Results differ between batch and "
+ "incrementally built models.\n"
+ "Depending on the estimator, this may be OK");
println("Here are the results:\n");
println("batch built results\n" + estimators[0].toString());
println("incrementally built results\n" + estimators[1].toString());
println("Here are the datasets:\n");
println("=== Train Dataset ===\n"
+ train.toString() + "\n");
println("=== Test Dataset ===\n"
+ test.toString() + "\n\n");
}
}
else {
println("yes");
result[0] = true;
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
result[0] = false;
print("Problem during");
if (built)
print(" testing");
else
print(" training");
println(": " + ex.getMessage() + "\n");
}
return result;
}
/**
* Checks whether the estimator can handle instance weights.
* This test compares the estimator performance on two datasets
* that are identical except for the training weights. If the
* results change, then the estimator must be using the weights. It
* may be possible to get a false positive from this test if the
* weight changes aren't significant enough to induce a change
* in estimator performance (but the weights are chosen to minimize
* the likelihood of this).
*
* @param attrTypes attribute types that can be estimated
* @param classType the class type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
* @return index 0 true if the test was passed
*/
protected boolean[] instanceWeights(AttrTypes attrTypes,
int classType) {
print("estimator uses instance weights");
printAttributeSummary(attrTypes, classType);
print("...");
int numTrain = 2 * getNumInstances(), numTest = getNumInstances(),
numClasses = 2, missingLevel = 0;
boolean attributeMissing = false, classMissing = false;
boolean[] result = new boolean[2];
Instances train = null;
Vector test = null;
Estimator [] estimators = null;
Vector resultProbsO = null;
Vector resultProbsW = null;
boolean built = false;
boolean evalFail = false;
int attrIndex = 0;
try {
train = makeTestDataset(42, numTrain, 1,
attrTypes, numClasses,
classType);
// prepare training data set and test value list
test = makeTestValueList(24, numTest, train, attrIndex,
attrTypes.getSetType());
if (missingLevel > 0) {
addMissing(train, missingLevel, attributeMissing, classMissing, attrIndex);
}
estimators = Estimator.makeCopies(getEstimator(), 2);
estimators[0].addValues(train, attrIndex);
resultProbsO = testWithTestValues(estimators[0], test);
} catch (Exception ex) {
throw new Error("Error setting up for tests: " + ex.getMessage());
}
try {
// Now modify instance weights and re-built
for (int i = 0; i < train.numInstances(); i++) {
train.instance(i).setWeight(0);
}
Random random = new Random(1);
for (int i = 0; i < train.numInstances() / 2; i++) {
int inst = Math.abs(random.nextInt()) % train.numInstances();
int weight = Math.abs(random.nextInt()) % 10 + 1;
train.instance(inst).setWeight(weight);
}
estimators[1].addValues(train, attrIndex);
resultProbsW = testWithTestValues(estimators[1], test);
built = true;
if (resultProbsO.equals(resultProbsW)) {
// println("no");
evalFail = true;
throw new Exception("evalFail");
}
println("yes");
result[0] = true;
} catch (Exception ex) {
println("no");
result[0] = false;
if (m_Debug) {
println("\n=== Full Report ===");
if (evalFail) {
println("Results don't differ between non-weighted and "
+ "weighted instance models.");
println("Here are the results:\n");
println(probsToString(resultProbsO));
} else {
print("Problem during");
if (built) {
print(" testing");
} else {
print(" training");
}
println(": " + ex.getMessage() + "\n");
}
println("Here are the datasets:\n");
println("=== Train Dataset ===\n"
+ train.toString() + "\n");
println("=== Train Weights ===\n");
for (int i = 0; i < train.numInstances(); i++) {
println(" " + (i + 1)
+ " " + train.instance(i).weight());
}
println("=== Test Dataset ===\n"
+ test.toString() + "\n\n");
println("(test weights all 1.0\n");
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* Checks whether the scheme alters the training dataset during
* training. If the scheme needs to modify the training
* data it should take a copy of the training data. Currently checks
* for changes to header structure, number of instances, order of
* instances, instance weights.
*
* @param attrTypes attribute types that can be estimated
* @param classType the class type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
* @param attributeMissing true if we know the estimator can handle
* (at least) moderate missing attribute values
* @param classMissing true if we know the estimator can handle
* (at least) moderate missing class values
* @return index 0 is true if the test was passed
*/
protected boolean[] datasetIntegrity(AttrTypes attrTypes,
int classType,
boolean attributeMissing,
boolean classMissing) {
Estimator estimator = null;
print("estimator doesn't alter original datasets");
printAttributeSummary(attrTypes, classType);
print("...");
int numTrain = getNumInstances(), numTest = getNumInstances(),
numClasses = 2, missingLevel = 100;
boolean[] result = new boolean[2];
Instances train = null;
boolean built = false;
try {
train = makeTestDataset(42, numTrain, 1, attrTypes,
numClasses,
classType);
int attrIndex = 0;
if (missingLevel > 0) {
addMissing(train, missingLevel, attributeMissing, classMissing, attrIndex);
}
estimator = Estimator.makeCopies(getEstimator(), 1)[0];
} catch (Exception ex) {
throw new Error("Error setting up for tests: " + ex.getMessage());
}
try {
Instances trainCopy = new Instances(train);
int attrIndex = 0;
estimator.addValues(trainCopy, attrIndex);
compareDatasets(train, trainCopy);
built = true;
println("yes");
result[0] = true;
} catch (Exception ex) {
println("no");
result[0] = false;
if (m_Debug) {
println("\n=== Full Report ===");
print("Problem during");
if (built) {
print(" testing");
} else {
print(" training");
}
println(": " + ex.getMessage() + "\n");
println("Here are the datasets:\n");
println("=== Train Dataset ===\n"
+ train.toString() + "\n");
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* Runs a text on the datasets with the given characteristics.
*
* @param attrTypes attribute types that can be estimated
* @param numAtts number of attributes
* @param attrIndex attribute index
* @param classType the class type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
* @param missingLevel the percentage of missing values
* @param attributeMissing true if the missing values may be in
* the attributes
* @param classMissing true if the missing values may be in the class
* @param numTrain the number of instances in the training set
* @param numTest the number of instaces in the test set
* @param numClasses the number of classes
* @param accepts the acceptable string in an exception
* @return index 0 is true if the test was passed, index 1 is true if test
* was acceptable
*/
protected boolean[] runBasicTest(AttrTypes attrTypes,
int numAtts,
int attrIndex,
int classType,
int missingLevel,
boolean attributeMissing,
boolean classMissing,
int numTrain,
int numTest,
int numClasses,
FastVector accepts) {
return runBasicTest(attrTypes,
numAtts,
attrIndex,
classType,
TestInstances.CLASS_IS_LAST,
missingLevel,
attributeMissing,
classMissing,
numTrain,
numTest,
numClasses,
accepts);
}
/**
* Runs a text on the datasets with the given characteristics.
*
* @param attrTypes attribute types that can be estimated
* @param numAtts number of attributes
* @param classType the class type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
* @param classIndex the attribute index of the class
* @param missingLevel the percentage of missing values
* @param attributeMissing true if the missing values may be in
* the attributes
* @param classMissing true if the missing values may be in the class
* @param numTrain the number of instances in the training set
* @param numTest the number of instaces in the test set
* @param numClasses the number of classes
* @param accepts the acceptable string in an exception
* @return index 0 is true if the test was passed, index 1 is true if test
* was acceptable
*/
protected boolean[] runBasicTest(AttrTypes attrTypes,
int numAtts,
int attrIndex,
int classType,
int classIndex,
int missingLevel,
boolean attributeMissing,
boolean classMissing,
int numTrain,
int numTest,
int numClasses,
FastVector accepts) {
boolean[] result = new boolean[2];
Instances train = null;
Vector test = null;
Estimator estimator = null;
boolean built = false;
try {
train = makeTestDataset(42, numTrain, numAtts, attrTypes,
numClasses,
classType,
classIndex);
// prepare training data set and test value list
if (numTrain > 0) {
test = makeTestValueList(24, numTest, train, attrIndex,
attrTypes.getSetType());
} else {
double min = -10.0;
double max = 8.0;
test = makeTestValueList(24, numTest, min, max,
attrTypes.getSetType());
}
if (missingLevel > 0) {
addMissing(train, missingLevel, attributeMissing, classMissing, attrIndex);
}
estimator = Estimator.makeCopies(getEstimator(), 1)[0];
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
throw new Error("Error setting up for tests: " + ex.getMessage());
}
try {
estimator.addValues(train, attrIndex);
built = true;
testWithTestValues(estimator, test);
println("yes");
result[0] = true;
}
catch (Exception ex) {
boolean acceptable = false;
String msg;
if (ex.getMessage() == null)
msg = "";
else
msg = ex.getMessage().toLowerCase();
if (msg.indexOf("not in classpath") > -1)
m_ClasspathProblems = true;
for (int i = 0; i < accepts.size(); i++) {
if (msg.indexOf((String)accepts.elementAt(i)) >= 0) {
acceptable = true;
}
}
println("no" + (acceptable ? " (OK error message)" : ""));
result[1] = acceptable;
if (m_Debug) {
println("\n=== Full Report ===");
print("Problem during");
if (built) {
print(" testing");
} else {
print(" training");
}
println(": " + ex.getMessage() + "\n");
if (!acceptable) {
if (accepts.size() > 0) {
print("Error message doesn't mention ");
for (int i = 0; i < accepts.size(); i++) {
if (i != 0) {
print(" or ");
}
print('"' + (String)accepts.elementAt(i) + '"');
}
}
println("here are the datasets:\n");
println("=== Train Dataset ===\n"
+ train.toString() + "\n");
println("=== Test Dataset ===\n"
+ test.toString() + "\n\n");
}
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* Compare two datasets to see if they differ.
*
* @param data1 one set of instances
* @param data2 the other set of instances
* @throws Exception if the datasets differ
*/
protected void compareDatasets(Instances data1, Instances data2)
throws Exception {
if (!data2.equalHeaders(data1)) {
throw new Exception("header has been modified");
}
if (!(data2.numInstances() == data1.numInstances())) {
throw new Exception("number of instances has changed");
}
for (int i = 0; i < data2.numInstances(); i++) {
Instance orig = data1.instance(i);
Instance copy = data2.instance(i);
for (int j = 0; j < orig.numAttributes(); j++) {
if (orig.isMissing(j)) {
if (!copy.isMissing(j)) {
throw new Exception("instances have changed");
}
} else if (orig.value(j) != copy.value(j)) {
throw new Exception("instances have changed");
}
if (orig.weight() != copy.weight()) {
throw new Exception("instance weights have changed");
}
}
}
}
/**
* Add missing values to a dataset.
*
* @param data the instances to add missing values to
* @param level the level of missing values to add (if positive, this
* is the probability that a value will be set to missing, if negative
* all but one value will be set to missing (not yet implemented))
* @param attributeMissing if true, attributes will be modified
* @param classMissing if true, the class attribute will be modified
* @param attrIndex index of the attribute
*/
protected void addMissing(Instances data, int level,
boolean attributeMissing, boolean classMissing,
int attrIndex) {
int classIndex = data.classIndex();
Random random = new Random(1);
for (int i = 0; i < data.numInstances(); i++) {
Instance current = data.instance(i);
for (int j = 0; j < data.numAttributes(); j++) {
if (((j == classIndex) && classMissing) ||
((j == attrIndex) && attributeMissing)) {
if (Math.abs(random.nextInt()) % 100 < level)
current.setMissing(j);
}
}
}
}
/**
* Make a simple set of instances, which can later be modified
* for use in specific tests.
*
* @param seed the random number seed
* @param numInstances the number of instances to generate
* @param numAttr the number of attributes
* @param attrTypes the attribute types
* @param numClasses the number of classes (if nominal class)
* @param classType the class type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
* @return the test dataset
* @throws Exception if the dataset couldn't be generated
* @see #process(Instances)
*/
protected Instances makeTestDataset(int seed,
int numInstances,
int numAttr,
AttrTypes attrTypes,
int numClasses,
int classType)
throws Exception {
return makeTestDataset(
seed,
numInstances,
numAttr,
attrTypes,
numClasses,
classType,
TestInstances.CLASS_IS_LAST);
}
/**
* Make a simple set of instances with variable position of the class
* attribute, which can later be modified for use in specific tests.
*
* @param seed the random number seed
* @param numInstances the number of instances to generate
* @param numAttr the number of attributes to generate
* @param attrTypes the type of attrbute that is excepted
* @param numClasses the number of classes (if nominal class)
* @param classType the class type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
* @param classIndex the index of the class (0-based, -1 as last)
* @return the test dataset
* @throws Exception if the dataset couldn't be generated
* @see TestInstances#CLASS_IS_LAST
* @see #process(Instances)
*/
protected Instances makeTestDataset(int seed, int numInstances,
int numAttr, AttrTypes attrTypes,
int numClasses, int classType,
int classIndex)
throws Exception {
TestInstances dataset = new TestInstances();
dataset.setSeed(seed);
dataset.setNumInstances(numInstances);
dataset.setNumNominal (attrTypes.nominal ? numAttr : 0);
dataset.setNumNumeric (attrTypes.numeric ? numAttr : 0);
dataset.setNumString (attrTypes.string ? numAttr : 0);
dataset.setNumDate (attrTypes.date ? numAttr : 0);
dataset.setNumRelational(attrTypes.relational ? numAttr : 0);
dataset.setNumClasses(numClasses);
dataset.setClassType(classType);
dataset.setClassIndex(classIndex);
return process(dataset.generate());
}
/**
* Make a simple set of values. Only one of the num'type' parameters should be larger 0.
* (just to make parameter similar to the makeTestDataset parameters)
*
* @param seed the random number seed
* @param numValues the number of values to generate
* @param data the dataset to make test examples for
* @param attrIndex index of the attribute
* @param attrType the class type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
* @throws Exception if the dataset couldn't be generated
* @see #process(Instances)
*/
protected Vector makeTestValueList(int seed, int numValues,
Instances data, int attrIndex, int attrType)
throws Exception {
// get min max
double []minMax = getMinimumMaximum(data, attrIndex);
double minValue = minMax[0];
double maxValue = minMax[1];
// make value list and put into a VECTOR
double range = maxValue - minValue;
Vector values = new Vector(numValues);
Random random = new Random(seed);
if (attrType == Attribute.NOMINAL) {
for (int i = 0; i < numValues; i++) {
Double v = new Double((Math.abs(random.nextInt()) % (int)range)+ (int)minValue);
values.add(v);
}
}
if (attrType == Attribute.NUMERIC) {
for (int i = 0; i < numValues; i++) {
Double v = new Double(random.nextDouble() * range + minValue);
values.add(v);
}
}
return values;
}
/**
* Make a simple set of values. Only one of the num'type' parameters should be larger 0.
* (just to make parameter similar to the makeTestDataset parameters)
*
* @param seed the random number seed
* @param numValues the number of values to generate
* @param minValue the minimal data value
* @param maxValue the maximal data value
* @param attrType the class type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
* @throws Exception if the dataset couldn't be generated
* @see #process(Instances)
*/
protected Vector makeTestValueList(int seed, int numValues,
double minValue, double maxValue, int attrType)
throws Exception {
// make value list and put into a VECTOR
double range = maxValue - minValue;
Vector values = new Vector(numValues);
Random random = new Random(seed);
if (attrType == Attribute.NOMINAL) {
for (int i = 0; i < numValues; i++) {
Double v = new Double((Math.abs(random.nextInt()) % (int)range)+ (int)minValue);
values.add(v);
}
}
if (attrType == Attribute.NUMERIC) {
for (int i = 0; i < numValues; i++) {
Double v = new Double(random.nextDouble() * range + minValue);
values.add(v);
}
}
return values;
}
/**
* Test with test values.
*
* @param est estimator to be tested
* @param test vector with test values
*
**/
protected Vector testWithTestValues(Estimator est, Vector test) {
Vector results = new Vector();
for (int i = 0; i < test.size(); i++) {
double testValue = ((Double)(test.elementAt(i))).doubleValue();
double prob = est.getProbability(testValue);
Double p = new Double(prob);
results.add(p);
}
return results;
}
/**
* Gets the minimum and maximum of the values a the first attribute
* of the given data set
*
* @param inst the instance
* @param attrIndex the index of the attribut to find min and max
* @return the array with the minimum value on index 0 and the max on index 1
*/
protected double[] getMinimumMaximum(Instances inst, int attrIndex) {
double []minMax = new double[2];
try {
int num = getMinMax(inst, attrIndex, minMax);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
System.out.println(ex.getMessage());
}
return minMax;
// double minValue = minMax[0];
// double maxValue = minMax[1];
}
/**
* Find the minimum and the maximum of the attribute and return it in
* the last parameter..
* @param inst instances used to build the estimator
* @param attrIndex index of the attribute
* @param minMax the array to return minimum and maximum in
* @return number of not missing values
* @exception Exception if parameter minMax wasn't initialized properly
*/
public static int getMinMax(Instances inst, int attrIndex, double [] minMax)
throws Exception {
double min = Double.NaN;
double max = Double.NaN;
Instance instance = null;
int numNotMissing = 0;
if ((minMax == null) || (minMax.length < 2)) {
throw new Exception("Error in Program, privat method getMinMax");
}
Enumeration enumInst = inst.enumerateInstances();
if (enumInst.hasMoreElements()) {
do {
instance = (Instance) enumInst.nextElement();
} while (instance.isMissing(attrIndex) && (enumInst.hasMoreElements()));
// add values if not missing
if (!instance.isMissing(attrIndex)) {
numNotMissing++;
min = instance.value(attrIndex);
max = instance.value(attrIndex);
}
while (enumInst.hasMoreElements()) {
instance = (Instance) enumInst.nextElement();
if (!instance.isMissing(attrIndex)) {
numNotMissing++;
if (instance.value(attrIndex) < min) {
min = (instance.value(attrIndex));
} else {
if (instance.value(attrIndex) > max) {
max = (instance.value(attrIndex));
}
}
}
}
}
minMax[0] = min;
minMax[1] = max;
return numNotMissing;
}
/**
* Print the probabilities after testing
* @param probs vector with probability values
* @return string with probability values printed
*/
private String probsToString(Vector probs) {
StringBuffer txt = new StringBuffer (" ");
for (int i = 0; i < probs.size(); i++) {
txt.append("" + ((Double)(probs.elementAt(i))).doubleValue() + " ");
}
return txt.toString();
}
/**
* Provides a hook for derived classes to further modify the data.
*
* @param data the data to process
* @return the processed data
* @see #m_PostProcessor
*/
protected Instances process(Instances data) {
if (getPostProcessor() == null)
return data;
else
return getPostProcessor().process(data);
}
/**
* Print out a short summary string for the dataset characteristics
*
* @param attrTypes the attribute types used (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
* @param classType the class type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
*/
protected void printAttributeSummary(AttrTypes attrTypes, int classType) {
String str = "";
if (attrTypes.numeric)
str += " numeric";
if (attrTypes.nominal) {
if (str.length() > 0)
str += " &";
str += " nominal";
}
if (attrTypes.string) {
if (str.length() > 0)
str += " &";
str += " string";
}
if (attrTypes.date) {
if (str.length() > 0)
str += " &";
str += " date";
}
if (attrTypes.relational) {
if (str.length() > 0)
str += " &";
str += " relational";
}
str += " attributes)";
switch (classType) {
case Attribute.NUMERIC:
str = " (numeric class," + str;
break;
case Attribute.NOMINAL:
str = " (nominal class," + str;
break;
case Attribute.STRING:
str = " (string class," + str;
break;
case Attribute.DATE:
str = " (date class," + str;
break;
case Attribute.RELATIONAL:
str = " (relational class," + str;
break;
}
print(str);
}
/**
* Print out a short summary string for the dataset characteristics
*
* @param attrType the attribute type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
* @param classType the class type (NUMERIC, NOMINAL, etc.)
*/
protected void printAttributeSummary(int attrType, int classType) {
String str = "";
switch (attrType) {
case Attribute.NUMERIC:
str = " numeric" + str;
break;
case Attribute.NOMINAL:
str = " nominal" + str;
break;
case Attribute.STRING:
str = " string" + str;
break;
case Attribute.DATE:
str = " date" + str;
break;
case Attribute.RELATIONAL:
str = " relational" + str;
break;
}
str += " attribute(s))";
switch (classType) {
case Attribute.NUMERIC:
str = " (numeric class," + str;
break;
case Attribute.NOMINAL:
str = " (nominal class," + str;
break;
case Attribute.STRING:
str = " (string class," + str;
break;
case Attribute.DATE:
str = " (date class," + str;
break;
case Attribute.RELATIONAL:
str = " (relational class," + str;
break;
}
print(str);
}
/**
* Returns the revision string.
*
* @return the revision
*/
public String getRevision() {
return RevisionUtils.extract("$Revision: 1.5 $");
}
/**
* Test method for this class
*
* @param args the commandline parameters
*/
public static void main(String [] args) {
try {
CheckEstimator check = new CheckEstimator();
try {
check.setOptions(args);
Utils.checkForRemainingOptions(args);
} catch (Exception ex) {
String result = ex.getMessage() + "\n\n" + check.getClass().getName().replaceAll(".*\\.", "") + " Options:\n\n";
Enumeration enu = check.listOptions();
while (enu.hasMoreElements()) {
Option option = (Option) enu.nextElement();
result += option.synopsis() + "\n" + option.description() + "\n";
}
throw new Exception(result);
}
check.doTests();
} catch (Exception ex) {
System.err.println(ex.getMessage());
}
}
}
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