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/*
 * [The "BSD license"]
 *  Copyright (c) 2013 Terence Parr
 *  Copyright (c) 2013 Sam Harwell
 *  All rights reserved.
 *
 *  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 *  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 *  are met:
 *
 *  1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *  2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *  3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
 *     derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 *  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 *  IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 *  OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
 *  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 *  INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 *  NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 *  DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 *  THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 *  (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
 *  THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

package org.antlr.v4.runtime.misc;

import javax.annotation.processing.AbstractProcessor;
import javax.annotation.processing.RoundEnvironment;
import javax.annotation.processing.SupportedAnnotationTypes;
import javax.annotation.processing.SupportedSourceVersion;
import javax.lang.model.SourceVersion;
import javax.lang.model.element.AnnotationMirror;
import javax.lang.model.element.Element;
import javax.lang.model.element.ElementKind;
import javax.lang.model.element.ExecutableElement;
import javax.lang.model.element.TypeElement;
import javax.lang.model.element.VariableElement;
import javax.lang.model.type.NoType;
import javax.lang.model.type.PrimitiveType;
import javax.lang.model.type.TypeKind;
import javax.lang.model.type.TypeMirror;
import javax.tools.Diagnostic;

import java.util.ArrayDeque;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Deque;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * A compile-time validator for correct usage of the {@link NotNull} and
 * {@link Nullable} annotations.
 *
 * The validation process checks the following items.
 *
 * 
 * Error: an element is annotated with both {@link NotNull} and {@link Nullable}.
 * Error: an method which returns {@code void} is annotated with {@link NotNull} or {@link Nullable}.
 * Error: an element with a primitive type is annotated with {@link Nullable}.
 * Error: a parameter is annotated with {@link NotNull}, but the method overrides or implements a method where the parameter is annotated {@link Nullable}.
 * Error: a method is annotated with {@link Nullable}, but the method overrides or implements a method that is annotated with {@link NotNull}.
 * Warning: an element with a primitive type is annotated with {@link NotNull}.
 * Warning: a parameter is annotated with {@link NotNull}, but the method overrides or implements a method where the parameter is not annotated.
 * Warning: a method is annotated with {@link Nullable}, but the method overrides or implements a method that is not annotated.
 * 
 *
 * In the future, the validation process may be updated to check the following additional items.
 *
 * 
 * Warning: a parameter is not annotated, but the method overrides or implements a method where the parameter is annotated with {@link NotNull} or {@link Nullable}.
 * Warning: a method is not annotated, but the method overrides or implements a method that is annotated with with {@link NotNull} or {@link Nullable}.
 * 
 *
 * @author Sam Harwell
 */
@SupportedAnnotationTypes({NullUsageProcessor.NotNullClassName, NullUsageProcessor.NullableClassName})
@SupportedSourceVersion(SourceVersion.RELEASE_6)
public class NullUsageProcessor extends AbstractProcessor {
	public static final String NotNullClassName = "org.antlr.v4.runtime.misc.NotNull";
	public static final String NullableClassName = "org.antlr.v4.runtime.misc.Nullable";

	private TypeElement notNullType;
	private TypeElement nullableType;

	public NullUsageProcessor() {
	}

	@Override
	public boolean process(Set annotations, RoundEnvironment roundEnv) {
		if (!checkClassNameConstants()) {
			return true;
		}

		notNullType = processingEnv.getElementUtils().getTypeElement(NotNullClassName);
		nullableType = processingEnv.getElementUtils().getTypeElement(NullableClassName);
		Set notNullElements = roundEnv.getElementsAnnotatedWith(notNullType);
		Set nullableElements = roundEnv.getElementsAnnotatedWith(nullableType);

		Set intersection = new HashSet(notNullElements);
		intersection.retainAll(nullableElements);
		for (Element element : intersection) {
			String error = String.format("%s cannot be annotated with both %s and %s", element.getKind().toString().replace('_', ' ').toLowerCase(), notNullType.getSimpleName(), nullableType.getSimpleName());
			processingEnv.getMessager().printMessage(Diagnostic.Kind.ERROR, error, element);
		}

		checkVoidMethodAnnotations(notNullElements, notNullType);
		checkVoidMethodAnnotations(nullableElements, nullableType);

		checkPrimitiveTypeAnnotations(nullableElements, Diagnostic.Kind.ERROR, nullableType);
		checkPrimitiveTypeAnnotations(notNullElements, Diagnostic.Kind.WARNING, notNullType);

		// method name -> method -> annotated elements of method
		Map>> namedMethodMap =
			new HashMap>>();
		addElementsToNamedMethodMap(notNullElements, namedMethodMap);
		addElementsToNamedMethodMap(nullableElements, namedMethodMap);

		for (Map.Entry>> entry : namedMethodMap.entrySet()) {
			for (Map.Entry> subentry : entry.getValue().entrySet()) {
				checkOverriddenMethods(subentry.getKey());
			}
		}

		return true;
	}

	private boolean checkClassNameConstants() {
		boolean success = checkClassNameConstant(NotNullClassName, NotNull.class);
		success &= checkClassNameConstant(NullableClassName, Nullable.class);
		return success;
	}

	private boolean checkClassNameConstant(String className, Class clazz) {
		if (className == null) {
			throw new NullPointerException("className");
		}

		if (clazz == null) {
			throw new NullPointerException("clazz");
		}

		if (!className.equals(clazz.getCanonicalName())) {
			processingEnv.getMessager().printMessage(Diagnostic.Kind.ERROR, String.format("Unable to process null usage annotations due to class name mismatch: %s != %s", className, clazz.getCanonicalName()));
			return false;
		}

		return true;
	}

	private void checkVoidMethodAnnotations(Set elements, TypeElement annotationType) {
		for (Element element : elements) {
			if (element.getKind() != ElementKind.METHOD) {
				continue;
			}

			ExecutableElement executableElement = (ExecutableElement)element;
			TypeMirror returnType = executableElement.getReturnType();
			if (returnType instanceof NoType && returnType.getKind() == TypeKind.VOID) {
				String error = String.format("void method cannot be annotated with %s", annotationType.getSimpleName());
				processingEnv.getMessager().printMessage(Diagnostic.Kind.ERROR, error, element, getAnnotationMirror(element, annotationType));
			}
		}
	}

	private void checkPrimitiveTypeAnnotations(Set elements, Diagnostic.Kind kind, TypeElement annotationType) {
		for (Element element : elements) {
			TypeMirror typeToCheck;
			switch (element.getKind()) {
			case FIELD:
			case PARAMETER:
			case LOCAL_VARIABLE:
				// checking variable type
				VariableElement variableElement = (VariableElement)element;
				typeToCheck = variableElement.asType();
				break;

			case METHOD:
				// checking return type
				ExecutableElement executableElement = (ExecutableElement)element;
				typeToCheck = executableElement.getReturnType();
				break;

			default:
				continue;
			}

			if (typeToCheck instanceof PrimitiveType && typeToCheck.getKind().isPrimitive()) {
				String error = String.format("%s with a primitive type %s be annotated with %s", element.getKind().toString().replace('_', ' ').toLowerCase(), kind == Diagnostic.Kind.ERROR ? "cannot" : "should not", annotationType.getSimpleName());
				processingEnv.getMessager().printMessage(kind, error, element, getAnnotationMirror(element, annotationType));
			}
		}
	}

	private void addElementsToNamedMethodMap(Set elements, Map>> namedMethodMap) {
		for (Element element : elements) {
			ExecutableElement method;
			switch (element.getKind()) {
			case PARAMETER:
				method = (ExecutableElement)element.getEnclosingElement();
				assert method.getKind() == ElementKind.METHOD;
				break;

			case METHOD:
				method = (ExecutableElement)element;
				break;

			default:
				continue;
			}

			Map> annotatedMethodWithName =
				namedMethodMap.get(method.getSimpleName().toString());
			if (annotatedMethodWithName == null) {
				annotatedMethodWithName = new HashMap>();
				namedMethodMap.put(method.getSimpleName().toString(), annotatedMethodWithName);
			}

			List annotatedElementsOfMethod = annotatedMethodWithName.get(method);
			if (annotatedElementsOfMethod == null) {
				annotatedElementsOfMethod = new ArrayList();
				annotatedMethodWithName.put(method, annotatedElementsOfMethod);
			}

			annotatedElementsOfMethod.add(element);
		}
	}

	private void checkOverriddenMethods(ExecutableElement method) {
		TypeElement declaringType = (TypeElement)method.getEnclosingElement();
		Set errorElements = new HashSet();
		Set warnedElements = new HashSet();
		typeLoop:
		for (TypeMirror supertypeMirror : getAllSupertypes(processingEnv.getTypeUtils().getDeclaredType(declaringType))) {
			for (Element element : ((TypeElement)processingEnv.getTypeUtils().asElement(supertypeMirror)).getEnclosedElements()) {
				if (element instanceof ExecutableElement) {
					if (processingEnv.getElementUtils().overrides(method, (ExecutableElement)element, declaringType)) {
						checkOverriddenMethod(method, (ExecutableElement)element, errorElements, warnedElements);
						continue typeLoop;
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

	private List getAllSupertypes(TypeMirror type) {
		Set supertypes = new HashSet();
		Deque worklist = new ArrayDeque();
		worklist.add(type);
		while (!worklist.isEmpty()) {
			List next = processingEnv.getTypeUtils().directSupertypes(worklist.poll());
			if (supertypes.addAll(next)) {
				worklist.addAll(next);
			}
		}

		return new ArrayList(supertypes);
	}

	private void checkOverriddenMethod(ExecutableElement overrider, ExecutableElement overridden, Set errorElements, Set warnedElements) {
		// check method annotation
		if (isNullable(overrider) && isNotNull(overridden) && errorElements.add(overrider)) {
			String error = String.format("method annotated with %s cannot override or implement a method annotated with %s", nullableType.getSimpleName(), notNullType.getSimpleName());
			processingEnv.getMessager().printMessage(Diagnostic.Kind.ERROR, error, overrider, getNullableAnnotationMirror(overrider));
		}
		else if (isNullable(overrider) && !(isNullable(overridden) || isNotNull(overridden)) && !errorElements.contains(overrider) && warnedElements.add(overrider)) {
			String error = String.format("method annotated with %s overrides a method that is not annotated", nullableType.getSimpleName());
			processingEnv.getMessager().printMessage(Diagnostic.Kind.WARNING, error, overrider, getNullableAnnotationMirror(overrider));
		}

		List overriderParameters = overrider.getParameters();
		List overriddenParameters = overridden.getParameters();
		for (int i = 0; i < overriderParameters.size(); i++) {
			if (isNotNull(overriderParameters.get(i)) && isNullable(overriddenParameters.get(i)) && errorElements.add(overriderParameters.get(i))) {
				String error = String.format("parameter %s annotated with %s cannot override or implement a parameter annotated with %s", overriderParameters.get(i).getSimpleName(), notNullType.getSimpleName(), nullableType.getSimpleName());
				processingEnv.getMessager().printMessage(Diagnostic.Kind.ERROR, error, overriderParameters.get(i), getNotNullAnnotationMirror(overriderParameters.get(i)));
			}
			else if (isNotNull(overriderParameters.get(i)) && !(isNullable(overriddenParameters.get(i)) || isNotNull(overriddenParameters.get(i))) && !errorElements.contains(overriderParameters.get(i)) && warnedElements.add(overriderParameters.get(i))) {
				String error = String.format("parameter %s annotated with %s overrides a parameter that is not annotated", overriderParameters.get(i).getSimpleName(), notNullType.getSimpleName());
				processingEnv.getMessager().printMessage(Diagnostic.Kind.WARNING, error, overriderParameters.get(i), getNotNullAnnotationMirror(overriderParameters.get(i)));
			}
		}
	}

	private boolean isNotNull(Element element) {
		return getNotNullAnnotationMirror(element) != null;
	}

	private boolean isNullable(Element element) {
		return getNullableAnnotationMirror(element) != null;
	}

	private AnnotationMirror getNotNullAnnotationMirror(Element element) {
		return getAnnotationMirror(element, notNullType);
	}

	private AnnotationMirror getNullableAnnotationMirror(Element element) {
		return getAnnotationMirror(element, nullableType);
	}

	private AnnotationMirror getAnnotationMirror(Element element, TypeElement annotationType) {
		for (AnnotationMirror annotationMirror : element.getAnnotationMirrors()) {
			if (annotationMirror.getAnnotationType().asElement() == annotationType) {
				return annotationMirror;
			}
		}

		return null;
	}
}